JP2007061592A - Method for generating three-dimensional shape data of jaw and method for generating three-dimensional shape data for dental cad/cam - Google Patents
Method for generating three-dimensional shape data of jaw and method for generating three-dimensional shape data for dental cad/cam Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 40
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 210000000214 mouth Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 208000002925 dental caries Diseases 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005495 investment casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002978 dental impression material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- FHVDTGUDJYJELY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-{[2-carboxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(phosphanyloxy)oxan-3-yl]oxy}-4,5-dihydroxy-3-phosphanyloxane-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound O1C(C(O)=O)C(P)C(O)C(O)C1OC1C(C(O)=O)OC(OP)C(O)C1O FHVDTGUDJYJELY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940072056 alginate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013499 data model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004513 dentition Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036346 tooth eruption Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、石膏模型を別途作製すること無く、歯顎の表面に対応する三次元形状データを作成する方法と、インレーやクラウン又はブリッジなどの歯科用補綴物をＣＡＤ／ＣＡＭシステムを利用した自動切削加工機により切削用ブロックを切削加工して作製する際に用いる歯科用補綴物の三次元形状データの基本となる歯牙に直接固着される面の歯科用ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＭ用三次元形状データを作成する方法と、更にインレーやクラウン又はブリッジなどの歯科用補綴物をＣＡＤ／ＣＡＭシステムを利用した自動切削加工機により切削用ブロックを切削加工して作製する際に用いる歯科用補綴物の三次元形状データの基本となる歯牙に直接固着される面及び口腔内に露出する面の歯科用ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＭ用三次元形状データを作成する方法とに関するものである。 The present invention provides a method for creating three-dimensional shape data corresponding to the surface of a tooth and jaw without separately preparing a plaster model, and an automatic prosthesis such as an inlay, crown or bridge using a CAD / CAM system. Create CAD / CAM 3D shape data for dental CAD / CAM on the surface that is directly fixed to the tooth, which is the basis of the 3D shape data of the dental prosthesis used when cutting the cutting block with a cutting machine And a three-dimensional shape of a dental prosthesis used when a dental prosthesis such as an inlay, crown or bridge is made by cutting a cutting block with an automatic cutting machine using a CAD / CAM system The present invention relates to a method of creating three-dimensional shape data for dental CAD / CAM of a surface directly fixed to a tooth as a basis of data and a surface exposed in the oral cavity. It is intended.
従来より、患者の歯顎の精密な形状を把握することは歯科治療において非常に重要であり、このような患者の歯顎の精密な形状を把握するには印象材を用いて患者の歯顎（歯顎全体である場合と歯顎の一部である場合とがある）の印象を印象材によって採得し、この印象に基づいて患者の歯顎を再現した石膏模型を作製してこの石膏模型を利用して種々の歯科治療が行われている。 Conventionally, grasping the precise shape of a patient's tooth jaw has been very important in dental treatment, and in order to grasp the precise shape of such a patient's tooth jaw, an impression material is used for the patient's tooth jaw. An impression material (which may be the whole tooth jaw or a part of the tooth jaw) is taken with an impression material, and a plaster model that reproduces the patient's tooth jaw is created based on this impression, and this plaster Various dental treatments are performed using a model.
例えば、患者の歯牙が総て健全である場合に患者の健全な状態の歯顎の精密な石膏模型を予め作製し保存しておいて、その患者が歯科用補綴物を作製しなければならない状態になった時に予め作製し保存しておいた石膏模型に基づいて健全な状態時の歯牙と近似した状態に歯科用補綴物を作製する参考にしたり、また患者が歯科用補綴物を作製しなければならない状態になった時にその患者の歯科用補綴物を作製しようとする部位を含んだ石膏模型を作製し、作製する歯科用補綴物がブリッジやクラウンの如き支台歯の外面に固着される歯科用補綴物である場合にはその支台歯の外面に固着される内面の形状を正確に把握したり、作製する歯科用補綴物がインレーの如き歯牙の窩洞の内面に固着される歯科用補綴物である場合にはその窩洞の内面に固着される外面の形状を正確に把握したり、更にはこれらの歯科用補綴物の口腔内に露出する面の形状を把握したり、歯科用補綴物が義歯の如き顎堤及び顎床の口腔内側面に装着される歯科用補綴物である場合にはその顎堤及び顎床の口腔内面の形状を正確に把握したりするのに利用されているのである。 For example, when the patient's teeth are all healthy, a precise gypsum model of the patient's healthy teeth and jaws must be prepared and stored in advance, and the patient must make a dental prosthesis Based on a plaster model that was prepared and stored in advance, it should be used as a reference for preparing a dental prosthesis that is similar to a healthy tooth, and the patient must prepare a dental prosthesis. When it becomes necessary, a gypsum model is created that includes the site where the patient's dental prosthesis is to be produced, and the dental prosthesis to be produced is secured to the outer surface of the abutment tooth such as a bridge or crown. In the case of a dental prosthesis, the shape of the inner surface fixed to the outer surface of the abutment tooth is accurately grasped, or the dental prosthesis to be manufactured is fixed to the inner surface of a tooth cavity such as an inlay. If it is a prosthesis, the cavity Accurately grasp the shape of the outer surface fixed to the surface, further grasp the shape of the surface of these dental prostheses exposed in the oral cavity, and the dental prosthesis is a denture ridge and jaw floor like a denture In the case of a dental prosthesis mounted on the inner surface of the oral cavity, it is used to accurately grasp the shape of the inner surface of the oral cavity of the ridge and the jaw floor.
しかしながら、患者の歯牙が総て健全である場合に患者の健全な状態の歯顎の精密な石膏模型を予め作製し保存しておいて、その患者が歯科用補綴物を作製しなければならない状態になった時に予め作製し保存しておいた石膏模型に基づいて健全な状態時の歯牙と近似した状態に歯科用補綴物を作製する参考にしようとすると、かなりの容積を占める石膏模型をその患者が治療に訪れた際に直ちに取り出せるように保管しておかなければならないため、その収納・保管場所の確保に問題があった。 However, if the patient's teeth are all healthy, a precise plaster model of the patient's healthy teeth and jaws must be prepared and stored in advance, and the patient must prepare a dental prosthesis. If you try to make a dental prosthesis similar to a healthy tooth based on a plaster model that has been prepared and stored in advance, The patient had to keep it so that it could be taken out immediately when he visited for treatment.
また、従来の歯科用補綴物を作製する方法は、先ず患者の歯顎の印象を採得し、この印象に基づいて患者の歯顎を再現した石膏模型を作製し、次にこの石膏模型上に作製しようとする歯科用補綴物の模型をワックスで作製した後にこのワックス模型を石膏模型から取り外し、しかる後に埋没用石膏内に埋没して加熱によりそのワックス模型を焼却して形成した空洞に溶融した歯科用金属材料を流入して歯科用補綴物を鋳造により作製するロストワックス鋳造法や、先ず患者の歯顎の印象を採得し、この印象に基づいて患者の歯顎を再現した模型を耐火石膏で作製し、次にこの耐火石膏模型上に作製しようとする歯科用補綴物の模型をセラミックス材料を築盛して作製し、しかる後に真空電気炉により焼成して審美性に主眼を置いたセラミックインレー，オールセラミッククラウンなどの歯科用補綴物を作製する方法などが一般的であった。 In addition, the conventional method for producing a dental prosthesis is to first obtain an impression of the patient's teeth and jaws, create a gypsum model that reproduces the patient's teeth and jaws based on this impression, and then apply the impression on the plaster model. After making the dental prosthesis model to be made with wax, remove this wax model from the gypsum model, then bury it in the gypsum for implantation and incinerate the wax model by heating to melt into the cavity formed The lost wax casting method, in which a dental prosthesis is produced by injecting a dental metal material, and the impression of the patient's teeth and jaws are first taken, and a model that reproduces the patient's teeth and jaws based on this impression Produced with refractory gypsum, and then made a model of dental prosthesis to be fabricated on this refractory gypsum model, built with ceramic material, then fired in a vacuum electric furnace and focused on aesthetics ceramic Nre, and a method of making a dental prosthesis, such as all-ceramic crowns were common.
しかしながら、このような従来のロストワックス鋳造法や真空電気炉による焼成の方法により歯科用補綴物を作製する際には、殆どの工程が歯科技工士により手作業で行われるものであり、しかもこの手作業による工程も非常に細かく繁雑なものであるから、これら工程に膨大な時間と手間がかかってしまうと共に歯科技工士の熟練度により作製される歯科用補綴物の品質の良し悪しが左右されるという問題があった。 However, when producing a dental prosthesis by such a conventional lost wax casting method or firing method using a vacuum electric furnace, most of the steps are performed manually by a dental technician. Since the manual processes are very detailed and complicated, it takes a lot of time and effort, and the quality of the dental prosthesis produced depends on the skill of the dental technician. There was a problem that.
そこで、歯科技工士による手作業に頼ることなく安定した品質の歯科用補綴物を短時間により多く作製する方法として、近年では印象材を用いて採得した患者の歯顎の印象に基づいて患者の歯顎を再現した石膏模型を三次元計測装置により計測し、その計測データからコンピュータなどを用いて歯顎形状の三次元形状データを作成し、この三次元形状データに基づいてインレー，クラウン，ブリッジ等の歯科用補綴物の三次元形状データをコンピュータ上で作成し、この作成した歯科用補綴物の三次元形状データに基づいて自動切削加工機により歯科用補綴物切削用ブロックを切削加工して歯科用補綴物を作製する歯科用ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＭシステムが開発されてきた。 Therefore, as a method for producing more stable dental prosthesis of stable quality in a short time without relying on the manual work by the dental technician, in recent years the patient is based on the impression of the patient's teeth and jaws obtained using an impression material. A three-dimensional measuring device is used to measure a gypsum model that reproduces the tooth and jaw of the tooth, and three-dimensional shape data of the tooth and jaw shape is created from the measured data using a computer, etc. Based on this three-dimensional shape data, the inlay, crown, Three-dimensional shape data of a dental prosthesis such as a bridge is created on a computer, and a dental prosthesis cutting block is cut by an automatic cutting machine based on the created three-dimensional shape data of the dental prosthesis. Dental CAD / CAM systems for making dental prostheses have been developed.
このような歯科用ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＭシステムにおいて、歯科用補綴などの治療を目的とする歯牙を含む石膏模型の三次元形状をコンピュータに入力する装置として、例えば、光ファイバを使用して石膏模型に直接光を照射し、その反射光を受光して非接触式で三次元形状データを得たり（例えば、特許文献１参照。）、石膏模型に直接レーザを照射して非接触式で三次元形状データを得る装置がある（例えば、特許文献２参照。）。また、接触子となるプローブを用いて石膏模型表面を接触計測することにより三次元形状データを得る装置もある（例えば、特許文献３〜５参照）。 In such a dental CAD / CAM system, as an apparatus for inputting a three-dimensional shape of a plaster model including a tooth for the purpose of treatment such as a dental prosthesis to a computer, for example, an optical fiber is directly used for the plaster model. Irradiate light and receive the reflected light to obtain non-contact 3D shape data (see, for example, Patent Document 1), or directly irradiate a gypsum model with laser and contactless 3D shape data (For example, refer to Patent Document 2). There is also an apparatus that obtains three-dimensional shape data by measuring the surface of a plaster model using a probe that serves as a contact (see, for example, Patent Documents 3 to 5).
しかし、石膏模型に光やレーザを照射して非接触式で三次元形状データを得たり、接触子となるプローブを用いて石膏模型表面を接触計測して三次元形状データを得たりする装置や方法では、必ず被計測対象となる石膏模型を準備する必要があるので作業効率が悪く、この間接作業を挟むために三次元データの誤差も大きくなる虞があった。また、患者の歯牙を三次元計測装置で直接計測することも考えられるが、計測に必要な時間だけ患者に静止を求める必要があるので患者への負担が大きく、患者も完全な静止は不可能であるので計測の誤差も大きかった。 However, a device that irradiates the gypsum model with light or laser to obtain 3D shape data in a non-contact manner, or uses a probe that becomes a contact to contact the gypsum model surface to obtain 3D shape data. In this method, it is necessary to prepare a gypsum model to be measured, so that the work efficiency is low, and there is a possibility that the error of the three-dimensional data increases due to the indirect work. It is also possible to measure the patient's teeth directly with a three-dimensional measuring device, but it is necessary to ask the patient to be stationary only for the time required for the measurement, which places a heavy burden on the patient, and the patient cannot be completely stationary. Therefore, the measurement error was large.
そして、前述した従来のロストワックス鋳造法や真空電気炉による焼成の方法により歯科用補綴物を作製する方法においても、歯科用補綴物を作製した後に残る石膏模型や耐火石膏模型の処理の問題、例えば廃棄する場合は廃棄物としての問題、保存しておく場合にはその保存場所確保等の問題があり、また歯科用ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＭシステムを使用して歯科用補綴物を作製する場合でも歯科用補綴などの治療を目的とする歯牙を含む石膏模型を作製しなければならないので、その三次元形状データを得た後の石膏模型の処理の問題、例えば廃棄する場合は廃棄物としての問題、保存しておく場合にはその保存場所確保等の問題があったのである。 And in the method of producing a dental prosthesis by the above-described conventional lost wax casting method or firing method using a vacuum electric furnace, the problem of the treatment of the plaster model and the refractory gypsum model remaining after the dental prosthesis is produced, For example, when it is discarded, there is a problem as a waste, and when it is stored, there is a problem such as securing a storage location. Even when a dental prosthesis is produced using a dental CAD / CAM system, Since it is necessary to create a plaster model that includes teeth for the purpose of treatment such as prosthesis, the problem of the processing of the plaster model after obtaining its three-dimensional shape data, for example, the problem as a waste when it is discarded, preservation In the case of keeping it, there was a problem of securing the storage location.
そこで本発明は、石膏模型を別途作製したり患者の口腔内を三次元計測装置で直接計測したりする必要が無く歯顎の表面に対応する三次元形状データを作成できる方法と、インレーやクラウン又はブリッジなどの歯科用補綴物をＣＡＤ／ＣＡＭシステムを利用した自動切削加工機により切削用ブロックを切削加工して作製する際に用いる歯科用補綴物の三次元形状データの基本となる歯牙に直接固着される面の歯科用ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＭ用の三次元形状データを作成できる方法と、更にインレーやクラウン又はブリッジなどの歯科用補綴物をＣＡＤ／ＣＡＭシステムを利用した自動切削加工機により切削用ブロックを切削加工して作製する際に用いる歯科用補綴物の三次元形状データの基本となる歯牙に直接固着される面及び口腔内に露出する面の歯科用ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＭ用の三次元形状データを作成できる方法とを提供することを課題とする。 Therefore, the present invention provides a method for generating three-dimensional shape data corresponding to the surface of a tooth jaw without the need to separately prepare a plaster model or directly measure the inside of a patient's mouth with a three-dimensional measuring device, and an inlay or crown. Or a dental prosthesis such as a bridge is directly applied to the tooth which is the basis of the three-dimensional shape data of the dental prosthesis used when the cutting block is cut by an automatic cutting machine using a CAD / CAM system. A method for creating three-dimensional shape data for dental CAD / CAM on the surface to be fixed and a block for cutting a dental prosthesis such as an inlay, crown or bridge by an automatic cutting machine using a CAD / CAM system The surface that is directly fixed to the tooth that is the basis of the three-dimensional shape data of the dental prosthesis used when cutting and manufacturing the surface, and the surface that is exposed in the oral cavity And to provide a method that can create three-dimensional shape data of the dental CAD / CAM.
本発明者等は前記課題を解決すべく鋭意研究を重ねた結果、従来の歯顎の表面に対応する三次元形状データを作成する方法や歯科用ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＭ用の三次元形状データを作成する方法のように印象材を用いて採得した患者の歯顎の印象に基づいて患者の歯顎を再現した石膏模型を被計測物として作製しこの石膏模型を計測したり、患者の口腔内を三次元計測装置で直接計測する代わりに、印象材で患者の歯顎形状の印象を採得した後にその印象材を直接Ｘ線ＣＴ装置（Ｘ線コンピューテッドモノグラフィ装置）で計測すると前記の課題を解決できることを究明して本発明を完成したのである。 As a result of intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have created a conventional method for creating three-dimensional shape data corresponding to the surface of a tooth and jaws, and three-dimensional shape data for dental CAD / CAM. Create a gypsum model that reproduces the patient's teeth and jaws based on the impression of the patient's teeth and jaws obtained using the impression material as in the method, and measure this gypsum model, or inside the patient's mouth Instead of directly measuring with a three-dimensional measuring device, if the impression material is taken with an impression material and then the impression material is directly measured with an X-ray CT device (X-ray computed monography device), the above-mentioned The present invention was completed by investigating that the problems could be solved.
即ち本発明は、印象材により患者の歯顎の印象を採得し、Ｘ線ＣＴ装置により該印象材を走査して印象材の三次元形状データを作成し、該三次元形状データから患者の歯顎表面に対応する三次元形状データを取り出すことを特徴とする歯顎表面の三次元形状データの作成方法と、
印象材により患者の上下両歯顎の印象を採得し、Ｘ線ＣＴ装置により該印象材をそれぞれ走査して印象材の三次元形状データを作成し、該三次元形状データから患者の上下両歯顎の表面に対応する三次元形状データを取り出すことを特徴とする歯顎の三次元形状データの作成方法と、
印象材により患者の歯科用補綴物を作製する部位を含んだ歯顎の印象を採得し、Ｘ線ＣＴ装置により該印象材における歯科用補綴物を作製する部位を走査して印象材の三次元形状データを作成し、該三次元形状データから、歯科用補綴物が歯牙の窩洞に装着されるインレーの場合は該歯牙の窩洞内面形状の三次元形状データを、また歯科用補綴物が支台歯に装着されるクラウンやブリッジの場合は該支台の外面形状の三次元形状データを、取り出すことを特徴とする歯科用ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＭ用三次元形状データの作成方法と、
印象材により、患者の歯科用補綴物を作製する部位を含んだ歯顎の印象と、該印象採得部位に対向する部位の対向歯顎の印象とを採得し、Ｘ線ＣＴ装置によりそれぞれの該印象材における歯科用補綴物を作製する部位を含んだ所定部位と該所定部位に対向する対向歯顎側の部位とを走査して印象材の三次元形状データを作成し、歯科用補綴物を作製する部位を含んだ歯顎の印象材の該三次元形状データから、歯科用補綴物が歯牙の窩洞に装着されるインレーの場合は該歯牙の窩洞内面形状の三次元形状データを、また歯科用補綴物が支台歯に装着されるクラウンやブリッジの場合は該支台の外面形状の三次元形状データを、取り出すと共に、該両印象材から作成した三次元形状データから上下両歯顎の表面に対応する三次元形状データを取り出して適合させることにより歯科用補綴物の口腔内に露出する面形状の三次元形状データを取り出すことを特徴とする歯科用ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＭ用三次元形状データの作成方法とである。
That is, the present invention takes an impression of a patient's teeth and jaws with an impression material, scans the impression material with an X-ray CT apparatus, creates three-dimensional shape data of the impression material, A method of creating three-dimensional shape data of the tooth jaw surface, characterized by extracting three-dimensional shape data corresponding to the tooth surface;
Taking impressions of the upper and lower jaws of the patient with the impression material, scanning the impression material with an X-ray CT apparatus to create 3D shape data of the impression material. A method for creating three-dimensional shape data of a tooth and jaws, characterized by extracting three-dimensional shape data corresponding to the surface of the tooth and jaws;
The impression material is used to obtain an impression of the jaw and jaw including the part for producing the dental prosthesis, and the X-ray CT apparatus scans the part of the impression material for producing the dental prosthesis to obtain the tertiary of the impression material. Original shape data is created. From the three-dimensional shape data, in the case of an inlay in which the dental prosthesis is attached to the cavity of the tooth, the three-dimensional shape data of the inner surface of the tooth cavity is supported, and the dental prosthesis supports it. In the case of a crown or bridge attached to a dentition, a method for creating three-dimensional shape data for dental CAD / CAM, wherein the three-dimensional shape data of the outer shape of the abutment is extracted,
The impression material is used to obtain an impression of the jaw and jaw including the part of the patient's dental prosthesis to be manufactured and an impression of the opposing tooth and jaw of the part opposite to the impression taking part, respectively, using an X-ray CT apparatus. A three-dimensional shape data of an impression material by scanning a predetermined portion including a portion for producing a dental prosthesis in the impression material and a portion on the opposite tooth jaw side facing the predetermined portion, From the three-dimensional shape data of the impression material of the tooth and jaw including the part for producing the object, in the case of an inlay in which the dental prosthesis is attached to the tooth cavity, the three-dimensional shape data of the inner surface shape of the tooth cavity is obtained. In the case of a crown or bridge where the dental prosthesis is attached to the abutment tooth, the three-dimensional shape data of the outer shape of the abutment is taken out, and the upper and lower teeth are obtained from the three-dimensional shape data created from the impression material. 3D shape data corresponding to the jaw surface It is a method of creating a dental CAD / CAM for three-dimensional shape data, characterized by taking out the three-dimensional shape data of the surface shape exposed to the oral cavity of the dental prosthesis by adapting to.
本発明に係る歯顎の三次元形状データの作成方法は、印象材により患者の一方又は上下両歯顎の印象を採得し、Ｘ線ＣＴ装置により該印象材を走査して印象材の三次元形状データを作成し、該三次元形状データから患者の歯顎の表面に対応する三次元形状データを取り出す歯顎の三次元形状データの作成方法であるから、従来のように被計測対象となる石膏模型を使用せずに患者の歯顎の印象を採得すると直ちに患者の歯顎の表面に対応する三次元形状データを取り出す作業に移れるので作業の効率が良く、また石膏模型の作製という間接作業を挟まないので計測に誤差を生じる可能性が少なく、更には患者に計測のために長時間の静止など余計な負担を与えることもないばかりか、三次元形状データを得た後の石膏模型の処理の問題、例えば廃棄する場合は廃棄物としての問題、保存しておく場合にはその保存場所確保等の問題も無い優れた歯顎の三次元形状データの作成方法であり、得られた歯顎の表面に対応する三次元形状データはコンピュータの記憶装置やＣＤ，ＤＶＤなどの記憶媒体に記憶させておけば石膏模型のようにその収納や保存に要する空間の確保などの問題が無く、必要なときにはコンピュータの記憶装置やＣＤ，ＤＶＤなどの記憶媒体から呼び出してコンピュータに患者の歯顎を再現したグラフィック画像として表示させることができるため、石膏模型を作製することによる問題が一挙に解決できるのである。 The method for creating three-dimensional shape data of a tooth and jaw according to the present invention takes an impression of one or both upper and lower teeth of a patient with an impression material, scans the impression material with an X-ray CT apparatus, and obtains a tertiary of the impression material. Since the original shape data is created, and the three-dimensional shape data of the tooth jaw is extracted from the three-dimensional shape data, the three-dimensional shape data corresponding to the surface of the patient's tooth jaw is obtained. Immediately after taking the impression of the patient's teeth and jaws without using the gypsum model, it is possible to move to the work of extracting the three-dimensional shape data corresponding to the surface of the patient's teeth and jaws, so the work efficiency is good, and the creation of the plaster model Since there is no indirect work, there is little possibility of errors in the measurement, and it does not give the patient an extra burden such as prolonged rest for measurement, but also plaster after obtaining 3D shape data Model processing problems, for example This is a method for creating excellent 3D shape data of the tooth and jaw, which does not have the problem of waste when discarded, and the problem of securing the storage location when stored, and corresponds to the surface of the obtained tooth and jaw. If the 3D shape data to be stored is stored in a computer storage device or a storage medium such as a CD or DVD, there is no problem of securing the space required for storage and storage like a plaster model. Since it can be called from a storage medium such as a device, a CD, or a DVD and displayed on a computer as a graphic image that reproduces the patient's teeth and jaws, the problems caused by making a plaster model can be solved all at once.
また、本発明に係る歯科用ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＭ用三次元形状データの作成方法は、印象材により患者の歯科用補綴物を作製する部位を含んだ歯顎の印象を採得し、Ｘ線ＣＴ装置により該印象材における歯科用補綴物を作製する部位を走査して印象材の三次元形状データを作成し、該三次元形状データから、歯科用補綴物が歯牙の窩洞に装着されるインレーの場合は該歯牙の窩洞内面形状の三次元形状データを、また歯科用補綴物が支台歯に装着されるクラウンやブリッジの場合は該支台の外面形状の三次元形状データを取り出す方法と、更に前記印象採得部位に対向する部位の対向歯顎の印象も採得し、Ｘ線ＣＴ装置により該印象材における歯科用補綴物を作製する部位を含んだ所定部位に対向する対向歯顎側の部位も走査して印象材の三次元形状データを作成し、両印象材から作成した三次元形状データから上下両歯顎の表面に対応する三次元形状データを取り出して適合させることにより歯科用補綴物の口腔内に露出する面形状の三次元形状データを取り出す方法とであるから、従来のように被計測対象となる石膏模型を使用せずに患者の歯顎の印象を採得すると直ちに歯科用補綴物を作製しようとする部位の患者の歯顎の表面に対応する三次元形状データを取り出す作業に移れるので作業の効率が良く、また石膏模型の作製という間接作業を挟まないので計測に誤差を生じる可能性が少なく、更には患者に計測のために長時間の静止など余計な負担を与えることもない優れた歯科用ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＭ用三次元形状データの作成方法であり、得られた歯科用ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＭ用三次元形状データはコンピュータの記憶装置やＣＤ，ＤＶＤなどの記憶媒体に記憶させた後に呼び出してコンピュータに歯科用補綴物を作製しようとする部位を再現したグラフィック画像として表示させることができるため、迅速に歯科用補綴物を作製することができるのである。 Further, the method for creating three-dimensional shape data for dental CAD / CAM according to the present invention obtains an impression of a tooth and jaw including a part for producing a dental prosthesis for a patient using an impression material, and an X-ray CT apparatus. In the case of an inlay in which a portion of the impression material for producing a dental prosthesis is scanned to create three-dimensional shape data of the impression material, and the dental prosthesis is attached to the tooth cavity from the three-dimensional shape data Is a method of extracting the three-dimensional shape data of the inner surface shape of the cavity of the tooth, and in the case of a crown or bridge in which the dental prosthesis is attached to the abutment tooth, The impression of the opposing teeth and jaws at the part facing the impression taking part is also taken, and an X-ray CT apparatus is provided on the opposite tooth and jaw side facing a predetermined part including a part for producing a dental prosthesis in the impression material. 3D shape of impression material by scanning the part 3D surface shape exposed in the oral cavity of a dental prosthesis by creating and fitting 3D shape data corresponding to the upper and lower tooth surfaces from the 3D shape data created from both impression materials Since the original shape data is taken out, the patient who is going to make a dental prosthesis immediately after taking the impression of the patient's teeth and jaws without using the gypsum model to be measured as in the past Since it is possible to move to the work of extracting the three-dimensional shape data corresponding to the surface of the tooth and jaw, the efficiency of the work is good, and the indirect work of making the plaster model is not sandwiched, so there is little possibility of causing an error in the measurement, and further, This is an excellent method for creating three-dimensional shape data for dental CAD / CAM that does not give extra burden such as stillness for a long time for measurement, and the obtained three-dimensional shape for dental CAD / CAM. Data can be stored in a computer storage device or a storage medium such as a CD or DVD and then recalled so that the computer can display the portion of the dental prosthesis to be reproduced as a graphic image. A prosthesis can be made.
以下、本発明に係る歯顎の三次元形状データの作成方法及び歯科用ＣＡＤ／ＣＡＭ用三次元形状データの作成方法について詳細に説明する。 Hereinafter, a method for creating tooth three-dimensional shape data and a method for creating dental CAD / CAM three-dimensional shape data according to the present invention will be described in detail.
本発明方法では、先ず印象材により患者の歯顎の印象を印象材によって採得するのである。
この印象を採得する患者の歯顎は、患者の歯牙が総て健全である場合に患者の健全な状態の歯顎の精密な三次元形状データを保存しておいて、その患者が歯科用補綴物を作製しなければならない状態になった時にその三次元形状データに基づいて健全な状態時の歯牙と近似した状態に歯科用補綴物を作製する参考にする場合には、患者の歯牙が存在する顎堤部であればよく、また患者が歯科用補綴物を作製しなければならない状態になった時にその歯科用補綴物が義歯の如き顎堤及び顎床の口腔内側面に装着される歯科用補綴物である場合にはその顎堤及び顎床の口腔内側面の形状全体である。
また患者が歯科用補綴物を作製しなければならない状態になった時にその歯科用補綴物がブリッジやクラウンの如き支台歯の外面に固着される歯科用補綴物である場合にはその支台歯を含んだ歯顎であり、作製する歯科用補綴物がインレーの如き歯牙の窩洞の内面に固着される歯科用補綴物である場合にはその窩洞が存在する歯を含んだ歯顎である。
In the method of the present invention, first, an impression of the patient's teeth and jaws is taken with the impression material.
The patient's teeth and jaws that acquire this impression are stored in a precise three-dimensional shape data of the patient's healthy teeth and when the patient's teeth are all healthy, When it is necessary to prepare a dental prosthesis in a state that approximates a healthy tooth based on the three-dimensional shape data when the object has to be prepared, there is a patient's tooth. And the dental prosthesis to be mounted on the oral ridge of the ridge and the maxillary floor such as a denture when the patient has to make a dental prosthesis. In the case of a prosthesis for surgery, it is the entire shape of the oral cavity side surface of the ridge and the maxillary bed.
If the dental prosthesis is a dental prosthesis that is fixed to the outer surface of the abutment tooth such as a bridge or crown when the patient has to make a dental prosthesis, the abutment Tooth jaw including teeth, and if the dental prosthesis to be manufactured is a dental prosthesis fixed to the inner surface of a tooth cavity such as an inlay, the tooth jaw including the tooth in which the cavity is present .
この際、印象を採得する患者の歯顎は、上顎又は下顎の一方でもよいが、上下両顎であることが咬合面等の口腔内に露出する面の形状を把握できるので好ましい。
この印象採得の方法は、従来より歯科における治療時に使用される歯科用印象材料を使用してその使用方法に従って行うことができる。
At this time, the dental jaw of the patient taking the impression may be either the upper jaw or the lower jaw, but it is preferable that the upper and lower jaws are the upper and lower jaws because the shape of the surface exposed to the oral cavity such as the occlusal surface can be grasped.
This method of taking an impression can be performed according to the method of use, using a dental impression material conventionally used during dental treatment.
即ち、歯顎の形状を正確に採得可能な歯科用印象材が好ましく、例えば、従来から歯科用補綴物の作製の際に歯科で使用されている歯科用アルギン酸塩印象材やシリコーン系印象材が扱い易く好適である。 That is, a dental impression material capable of accurately obtaining the shape of the tooth jaw is preferable. For example, a dental alginate impression material or a silicone-based impression material conventionally used in dentistry when producing a dental prosthesis. Is easy to handle and suitable.
歯顎形状の印象採得には通常金属製，高分子材料製などの各種歯科用トレーが印象材を保持する支持体として使われているが、本発明方法ではＸ線ＣＴ装置により印象を採得した印象材を走査してその印象材の三次元形状データを作成することから、Ｘ線ＣＴ装置の特性上、高分子材料製トレーなどＸ線の透過に影響を与え難い材質のトレーを使用することが好ましい。 Various dental trays made of metal, polymer materials, etc. are usually used as a support for holding impression materials for taking impressions of the jaw and jaw shape. In the method of the present invention, impressions are taken with an X-ray CT apparatus. Since the acquired impression material is scanned and three-dimensional shape data of the impression material is created, a tray made of a material that does not easily affect the transmission of X-rays, such as a polymer material tray, is used due to the characteristics of the X-ray CT system. It is preferable to do.
次いで、歯顎形状を採得した印象材をＸ線ＣＴ装置（Ｘ線コンピューテッドモノグラフィ装置）で走査してその印象材の三次元形状データを作成するのである。この走査は一方向についてのみの走査でよいが、方向を変えた走査と組合せればより精密な三次元形状データを作成できるので好ましい。この走査により得られる三次元形状データは、Ｘ線の相対的な透過率の情報が三次元的な格子状などに配列された点群データとして得られる。このデータには印象を採得した印象材の外形形状のみならずＸ線ＣＴ装置の任意設定若しくは固定設定された走査範囲内全ての情報が含まれている。 Next, the impression material obtained from the tooth jaw shape is scanned with an X-ray CT apparatus (X-ray computed monography apparatus) to create three-dimensional shape data of the impression material. This scanning may be performed only in one direction, but it is preferable to combine it with a scanning in which the direction is changed because more precise three-dimensional shape data can be created. The three-dimensional shape data obtained by this scanning is obtained as point cloud data in which information on the relative transmittance of X-rays is arranged in a three-dimensional lattice pattern. This data includes not only the external shape of the impression material from which the impression was taken, but also all information within the scanning range set arbitrarily or fixedly by the X-ray CT apparatus.
Ｘ線ＣＴ装置で走査して得られた印象材の三次元形状データは、歯顎の陰型三次元形状データであるので、得られた三次元形状データから印象採得された歯顎表面に対応する三次元形状データをオペレータが選択して取り出すことで最終的な歯顎の表面に対応する三次元形状データを作成する。即ち、目的とする歯顎形状の三次元形状データ以外にも使用した歯科用トレーなどの不必要な三次元形状データが含まれているので、全ての三次元形状データの中から不要な歯科用トレーなどの三次元形状データを削除する作業を行うことが好ましい。このとき、コンピュータにより印象材の形状認識を行い、印象採得された歯顎の表面に対応する部位に存在する形状データの選択を補助するラインや面を示すなどオペレータの選択作業を補助するための機能を利用してもよい。 Since the three-dimensional shape data of the impression material obtained by scanning with the X-ray CT apparatus is the negative three-dimensional shape data of the tooth and jaw, it is applied to the surface of the tooth jaw obtained from the impression obtained from the obtained three-dimensional shape data. The operator selects and takes out the corresponding three-dimensional shape data to create the three-dimensional shape data corresponding to the final tooth surface. In other words, unnecessary 3D shape data such as used dental trays is included in addition to the 3D shape data of the target tooth and jaw shape. It is preferable to perform an operation of deleting three-dimensional shape data such as a tray. At this time, the computer recognizes the shape of the impression material, and assists the operator's selection work, such as showing lines and surfaces that assist the selection of shape data existing in the region corresponding to the surface of the acquired jaw You may use the function.
Ｘ線ＣＴ装置で得られた印象材の三次元形状データの中から印象採得された歯顎の表面に対応する三次元形状データのみを取り出す処理は、前記のようにコンピュータ上にて手動で行う方法の他に、コンピュータで自動的に行う方法もある。コンピュータで自動的に行う場合は、歯顎形状の採得に用いた印象材の組成データ，そのＸ線透過率データ，歯科用トレーのＸ線透過率データ，歯科用トレーの形状データなどが事前にコンピュータ登録されていれば自動処理がより正確になるので好ましい。目的とする歯顎形状の三次元形状データは手動時と同様の処理を、予め設定された選択プロクラムに従いコンピュータにより自動で選択処理を行う。 The process of extracting only the three-dimensional shape data corresponding to the surface of the tooth jaw obtained from the impression taken from the three-dimensional shape data of the impression material obtained by the X-ray CT apparatus is manually performed on the computer as described above. In addition to the method of performing, there is also a method of performing automatically by a computer. When using a computer automatically, the composition data of the impression material used to obtain the tooth jaw shape, its X-ray transmission data, dental tray X-ray transmission data, dental tray shape data, etc. If it is registered in the computer, it is preferable because automatic processing becomes more accurate. The target tooth and jaw shape three-dimensional shape data is automatically selected by a computer according to a preset selection program in the same manner as in manual operation.
本発明方法では、Ｘ線ＣＴ装置で走査して作成した印象材の三次元形状データから印象採得された歯顎の表面に対応する三次元形状データを取り出す処理を行うための装置は、Ｘ線ＣＴ装置と別であってもよく、逆にＸ線ＣＴ装置に印象材の三次元形状データから印象採得された歯顎の表面に対応する三次元形状データを選択及び取り出す処理を行う機能が備わっていてもよい。 In the method of the present invention, an apparatus for performing processing for extracting three-dimensional shape data corresponding to the surface of a tooth and jaw taken from an impression taken from three-dimensional shape data of an impression material created by scanning with an X-ray CT apparatus includes: A function for selecting and retrieving the 3D shape data corresponding to the surface of the tooth jaw taken from the 3D shape data of the impression material in the X-ray CT device, which may be different from the line CT device. May be provided.
Ｘ線ＣＴ装置に前記処理機能が備わっている場合には、Ｘ線ＣＴ装置により印象材を走査するときからオペレータによる選択処理を行うことなく、直接予め設定された選択プロクラムに従いコンピュータにより自動で選択処理を行えるので作業を更に迅速に行うことができる。
When the X-ray CT apparatus is equipped with the above processing function, it is automatically selected by a computer in accordance with a preset selection program directly without performing the selection process by the operator since the impression material is scanned by the X-ray CT apparatus. Since the process can be performed, the work can be performed more quickly.
Claims (4)
The impression material is used to obtain an impression of the jaw and jaw including the part of the patient's dental prosthesis to be manufactured and an impression of the opposing tooth and jaw of the part opposite to the impression taking part, respectively, using an X-ray CT apparatus. A three-dimensional shape data of an impression material by scanning a predetermined portion including a portion for producing a dental prosthesis in the impression material and a portion on the opposite tooth jaw side facing the predetermined portion, From the three-dimensional shape data of the impression material of the tooth and jaw including the part for producing the object, in the case of an inlay in which the dental prosthesis is attached to the tooth cavity, the three-dimensional shape data of the inner surface shape of the tooth cavity is obtained. In the case of a crown or bridge where the dental prosthesis is attached to the abutment tooth, the three-dimensional shape data of the outer shape of the abutment is taken out, and the upper and lower teeth are obtained from the three-dimensional shape data created from the impression material. 3D shape data corresponding to the jaw surface The method of creating a dental CAD / CAM three-dimensional shape data, characterized by taking out the three-dimensional shape data of the surface shape exposed to the oral cavity of the dental prosthesis by adapting to.
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| JP2006026740A Pending JP2007061592A (en) | 2005-08-04 | 2006-02-03 | Method for generating three-dimensional shape data of jaw and method for generating three-dimensional shape data for dental cad/cam |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2010148676A (en) * | 2008-12-25 | 2010-07-08 | Yoshida Dental Mfg Co Ltd | Radiographic apparatus and panoramic image processing program |
| JP2010524530A (en) * | 2007-04-20 | 2010-07-22 | メディシム・ナムローゼ・フエンノートシャップ | Method for extracting shape information |
| KR100980245B1 (en) | 2008-07-15 | 2010-09-06 | 손정오 | Manufacturing method and apparatus of artificial teeth using rapid prototyping tools |
| JP2012516704A (en) * | 2009-02-02 | 2012-07-26 | デン‐マット・ホールディングス，リミテッド・ライアビリティ・カンパニー | Method for forming a dental tool |
| US8634631B2 (en) | 2011-03-21 | 2014-01-21 | Planmeca Oy | Odontological imaging apparatus |
| CN106580495A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2017-04-26 | 大连三生科技发展有限公司 | Dentistry 3D printing system |
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2006
- 2006-02-03 JP JP2006026740A patent/JP2007061592A/en active Pending
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2010524530A (en) * | 2007-04-20 | 2010-07-22 | メディシム・ナムローゼ・フエンノートシャップ | Method for extracting shape information |
| JP2014237005A (en) * | 2007-04-20 | 2014-12-18 | メディシム・ナムローゼ・フエンノートシャップ | Method for deriving shape information |
| US9439608B2 (en) | 2007-04-20 | 2016-09-13 | Medicim Nv | Method for deriving shape information |
| KR100980245B1 (en) | 2008-07-15 | 2010-09-06 | 손정오 | Manufacturing method and apparatus of artificial teeth using rapid prototyping tools |
| JP2010148676A (en) * | 2008-12-25 | 2010-07-08 | Yoshida Dental Mfg Co Ltd | Radiographic apparatus and panoramic image processing program |
| JP2012516704A (en) * | 2009-02-02 | 2012-07-26 | デン‐マット・ホールディングス，リミテッド・ライアビリティ・カンパニー | Method for forming a dental tool |
| US8634631B2 (en) | 2011-03-21 | 2014-01-21 | Planmeca Oy | Odontological imaging apparatus |
| CN106580495A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2017-04-26 | 大连三生科技发展有限公司 | Dentistry 3D printing system |
| CN106580495B (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2022-07-19 | 大连三生科技发展有限公司 | Dental 3D printing system |
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