JP2007059495A - One-way valve - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide, when a pressure container such as a condenser or a capacitor is miniaturized and so it is necessary to make an opening provided in a sealing plate a small diameter, a one-way valve with a small outer diameter capable of being mounted on the sealing plate. <P>SOLUTION: The one-way valve 1 comprises an elastic body 4 mounted on the opening 31 provided in the sealing plate 3 of the pressure container 2, and including a fixing part 47 making close contact with the internal peripheral surface 33 of the opening 31, and a release 46 that releases pressure from a contact surface 45 with the internal peripheral surface 33 when pressure in the pressure container 2 exceeds a predetermined value; and a core metal 5 where a cylinder 52 provided on an inner diameter side of the elastic body 4 has a missing part 51 in a peripheral direction thereof. In the valve, the cylinder 52 of the core metal 5 holds the elastic body 4 by permitting the fixing part 47 to fit to the internal peripheral surface 33 of the opening 31. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a one-way valve which is attached to a sealing plate of a pressure vessel such as a capacitor or a capacitor and opens when the sealing pressure in the pressure vessel exceeds a predetermined valve opening pressure to release the pressure. is there.

  In a sealed aluminum electrolytic capacitor, an electric double layer capacitor, or the like, the opening of a pressure vessel that houses the element body is closed by a sealing plate that is sealed via a gasket. If such a completely sealed structure is used, when an abrupt load is applied, the internal pressure of the container is increased by Joule heat generation or internally generated gas, and there is a possibility that the function of the capacitor or the life of the capacitor may be decreased. For this reason, conventionally, the bottom of the pressure vessel has been cut into a rupture plate, or the pressure vessel has been prevented from rupture by attaching a rubber cap to the lid as a safety valve, or the sealing plate has For example, by applying a water repellent treatment to a porous membrane made of PTFE or the like, a gas is permeated but a liquid is impermeable, and a breather that serves to release the internal pressure of the container to the outside is attached, and the gas generated inside the container The one that can release the pressure has been developed.

  However, when a rupture disk or a safety valve is used as the sealing plate as in the above prior art, once the container is ruptured, it cannot be used thereafter, and therefore cannot be used repeatedly.

  In addition, the breather provided on the sealing plate has a function of keeping the internal pressure of the pressure vessel constant and preventing leakage of the encapsulated liquid such as an electrolyte, but even with heat and internal pressure generated in a normal use state, Since the gas in the container is slightly released from the breather, the electrolytic solution is likely to be reduced by evaporation, and water vapor from outside tends to enter. Further, in a poor environment, the breather porous membrane may be clogged, making it difficult to expect stable performance. Also, since the breather cannot cope with a sudden rise in internal pressure, it is necessary to provide an explosion-proof valve to release the internal pressure instantaneously and prevent the container from exploding when the internal pressure exceeds a predetermined value. there were.

  FIG. 8 shows a one-way valve that is an oil seal type explosion-proof valve conventionally used. This one-way valve 101 is a cored bar provided on the inner diameter side in a valve mounting space 105 formed by an opening 103 provided in a sealing plate 102 and a shaft 104 provided in the opening 103. 106, the fixed portion 107 is fitted to the inner peripheral surface of the opening 103, and the seal lip 108 is attached so as to be in close contact with the outer peripheral surface of the shaft portion 104. The internal pressure is released from between the seal lip 108 and the outer peripheral surface of the shaft portion 104 to prevent explosion of the container (see Patent Document 1 below).

  However, in the inner diameter seal type one-way valve 101 shown in FIG. 8, the fixed portion 107 is fitted to the inner peripheral surface by the cored bar 106 on the outer diameter side, and the seal lip 108 contacts the shaft portion 104 on the inner diameter side. Therefore, in order to mount the one-way valve 101, it is necessary to provide the opening 103 for fitting the fixing portion 107 and the shaft portion 104 therein, and the inner diameter of the opening 103 is large. At the same time, the one-way valve 101 has an increased outer diameter, and it has been difficult to cope with downsizing of the device.

International Publication No. WO03 / 044397A1 Pamphlet

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and the object of the present invention is to reduce the size of a pressure vessel such as a capacitor or a capacitor and to reduce the diameter of an opening provided in a sealing plate. It is an object to provide a one-way valve with a small outer diameter that can be fitted to it when it occurs.

  To achieve the above object, a one-way valve according to claim 1 of the present invention is attached to an opening provided in a sealing plate of a pressure vessel, and a cylindrical part having a bottomed cylindrical core having a missing part in the circumferential direction. The pressure is released from the contact surface between the fixed portion closely fitted to the inner peripheral surface of the opening by the gold cylindrical portion and the inner peripheral surface when the pressure in the pressure vessel exceeds a predetermined value. The open portion has a cylindrical elastic body formed in the circumferential direction.

  The one-way valve according to the second aspect of the present invention is the one-way valve according to the first aspect, wherein the open portion is pressed against the inner peripheral surface by a spring engaged with a missing portion of the cylindrical portion of the cored bar. It is characterized by that.

  The one-way valve according to claim 3 of the present invention is the one-way valve according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a baffle plate is provided on an inner diameter portion of the elastic body on the container inner side. It is a feature.

  A one-way valve according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is the one-way valve according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein the opening portion has a seal lip shape.

  The present invention has the following effects.

  That is, in the one-way valve according to claim 1 of the present invention having the above-described configuration, a structure in which the cylindrical elastic body in which the fixing portion and the opening portion are formed in the circumferential direction is in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the opening portion. Therefore, the shaft portion provided on the inner diameter side of the opening can be removed, and the diameter of the opening can be reduced. That is, when the diameter of the opening is reduced, the cylindrical part is fitted with the inner peripheral surface of the opening by the core metal having a missing part in the circumferential direction, and holds the elastic body. Since the contact surface of the opening that releases the pressure when the pressure in the pressure vessel exceeds a predetermined value is in contact with the inner peripheral surface of the opening, the outer diameter of the one-way valve is reduced. And can be attached to the opening having a reduced diameter.

  In addition to this, in the one-way valve according to claim 2, it is possible to further prevent leakage of the encapsulated liquid such as a minute electrolyte together with the gas from the open portion. In such a one-way valve, it is possible to prevent leakage of the encapsulated liquid such as a minute electrolyte along with the gas from the inner diameter portion. Further, in the one-way valve according to claim 4, since the opening portion has a seal lip shape, the opening portion can be more easily opened when the pressure vessel becomes a predetermined pressure or higher.

  Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a sealed battery or capacitor (hereinafter simply referred to as a capacitor) which is a pressure vessel having a one-way valve (also referred to as a pressure release valve) according to an embodiment of the present invention, and (A) is a longitudinal section. FIG. 4B is a plan view. FIG. 2 is an opening for mounting the one-way valve, and is a vertical cross-sectional view in the XX direction of FIG. 3A and 3B show a single one-way valve, in which FIG. 3A is a plan view, FIG. 3B is a vertical cross-sectional view in the YZ direction of FIG. FIGS. 4A and 4B are core bars constituting a one-way valve, where FIG. 4A is a plan view and FIG. 4B is a front view. 5A and 5B are springs attached to the metal core, wherein FIG. 5A is a plan view and FIG. 5B is a front view. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the single one-way valve shown in FIG. 3 is attached to the opening shown in FIG.

  The capacitor 2 shown in FIG. 1 is configured as follows.

  That is, first, a bottomed cylindrical case 21 is provided as a pressure vessel made of a metal material such as aluminum. A main body element 22 is accommodated inside the case 21, and an upper end opening of the case 21 is It is closed by a disc-shaped sealing plate 3 made of a polymer material such as phenol resin having electrical insulation. The main body element 22 is impregnated with an electrolytic solution enclosed in the case 21. The outer periphery of the case 21 is covered with an outer can 23.

  The sealing plate 3 has an outer peripheral portion continuously formed in the circumferential direction in the case 21 located on the lower side of the crimping portion 21a formed so that the upper end portion of the case 21 is folded inward. Between the throttle part 21b, it is airtightly fixed via an annular gasket 24 made of a rubber-like elastic material. In addition, the sealing plate 3 is provided with a pair of electrode terminals 26 that are respectively connected to the main body element 22 via lead wires 25 in the thickness direction, and is provided with the one-way valve 1. Each of the electrode terminals 26 is integrated in a state where a part thereof is embedded in the sealing plate 3 by insert molding, and is prevented from being detached from the sealing plate 3 by an annular flange 26a formed on the outer peripheral surface thereof. ing.

  The sealing plate 3 is formed into a plate shape by a polymer material, for example, a disc shape, an elliptical shape or a substantially rectangular shape, and an electrode terminal 26 made of aluminum or the like is formed on the sealing plate 3 in the thickness direction. An external terminal (not shown) made of a metal plate such as SPCC, nickel, or stainless steel is attached to the container outer end surface of the electrode terminal 26.

  The molding material of the sealing plate 3 made of a polymer material includes a resin material, an elastomer (rubber, thermoplastic elastomer, a mixture of a resin material and a rubber, or an elastic body such as a block copolymer or a graft copolymer), a resin material, An elastomer laminate material or the like is used.

  The polymer material is appropriately selected according to required heat resistance. In this example, an example using a phenol resin which is one of thermosetting resins in terms of heat resistance and cost is shown.

  In the present embodiment, the sealing plate 3 and the electrode terminal 26 are integrated by insert molding. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the sealing plate 3 and the electrode terminal 26 are configured separately, and the electrode is formed after the sealing plate 3 is formed. A sealing plate of a type in which the terminal 26 is integrated may be used.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the sealing plate 3 is provided with a cylindrical shape so that an opening 31 for mounting the one-way valve 1 penetrates in the thickness direction. The opening 31 has an inner peripheral surface 33 that is reduced in diameter on the container inner side A and formed with a step 32. A step-shaped engaging portion 34 for preventing the elastic body 4 to be described later from coming off is provided near the container outer side B of the large-diameter inner peripheral surface 33a of the inner peripheral surface 33, and the step 32 has an elastic body. 4, the end surface 43a on the container inner side A comes into contact.

  The one-way valve 1 includes an elastic body 4, a core metal 5, a spring 6, and a baffle plate 7. Although the spring 6 and the baffle plate 7 are used in this embodiment, they may not be used depending on required characteristics.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the elastic body 4 is a cylindrical body formed by a rubber-like elastic body and having a reduced diameter on the container inner side A. The convex portion 42 is entirely formed on the outer peripheral surface of the large-diameter portion 41. It is formed over the circumference, and engages with the engaging portion 34 provided on the large-diameter inner peripheral surface 33a of the opening 31 described above. It is designed to prevent it from falling out. In addition, when the pressure in the capacitor | condenser 2 rises rapidly, the one-way valve 1 comes out and has a function which prevents the one-way valve 1 from bursting. The end surface 43a of the small-diameter portion 43 on the container inner side A is provided with a communication portion 44 having a constant width in the circumferential direction for communicating the container inner side A and the container outer side B. Is attached to the opening 31, the circumferential portion 44 </ b> A of the elastic body 4 having the communication portion 44 receives pressure from the contact surface 45 with the inner peripheral surface 33 when the pressure in the capacitor 2 exceeds a predetermined value. The circumferential portion 44B of the elastic body 4 that does not have the communication passage 44 is closely fitted to the inner peripheral surface 33 of the opening 31 by the cored bar 5 described later to hold the elastic body 4. It becomes the fixing part 47. Further, the inner diameter portion 48 of the small diameter portion 43 on the inner side A of the container is provided with a baffle plate 7 made of, for example, a nonwoven fabric that allows gas to permeate but prevents leakage of the electrolyte in the case 21. As the material used for the baffle plate, any material can be used as long as it allows the porous film made of PTFE or the like to pass through the water-repellent treatment gas but does not allow the electrolyte solution to pass therethrough. May be.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the core metal 5 is formed of sheet metal or the like, and has a bottomed cylindrical shape including a cylindrical portion 52 having a missing portion 51 in the circumferential direction and a bottom portion 53. The circumferential length is a circumferential length corresponding to the circumferential length of the circumferential portion 44B that does not have the communication path 44 of the elastic body 4 described above. In this embodiment, the number of the cylindrical portions 52 is two, but the number is not limited as long as the missing portions 51 are formed, and may be one, or may be three or more. good.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the spring 6 is formed of steel or the like and has a bottomed cylindrical shape including a cylindrical portion 62 having a missing portion 61 and a bottom portion 63 in the circumferential direction. The length in the direction is the circumferential length corresponding to the circumferential length of the circumferential portion 44 </ b> A having the communication path 44 of the elastic body 4. Therefore, when the spring 6 is attached to the inner diameter side of the core bar 5 so that the bottom part 63 of the spring 6 contacts the bottom part 53 of the core bar 5, the cylindrical part 62 is missing at the position of the missing part 51 of the core bar 5. The position of the part 61 is configured to be engaged with the cylindrical part 52 of the cored bar 5. The cored bar 5 and the spring 6 may be molded separately and attached to the opening 31 separately. However, the separately molded parts are attached to the opening 31 in a state of being joined in advance by welding or the like. You may do it. Furthermore, the cored bar 5 and the spring 6 may be integrally molded and mounted using the same component.

  In order to attach the one-way valve 1 to the opening 31, the end face 43 a of the circumferential portion 44 </ b> B in which the communication portion 44 is not formed from the outer side B of the opening 31 to the small diameter portion 43 of the elastic body 4 is formed. After the baffle plate 7 is inserted so as to contact the step 32 of the opening 31, the baffle plate 7 is engaged with the inner diameter portion 48 of the small diameter portion 43 on the container inner side A of the elastic body 4. In this case, the elastic body 4 may be inserted into the opening 31 after the baffle plate 7 is engaged with the inner diameter portion 48. Subsequently, the cored bar 5 is inserted into the inner diameter side of the elastic body 4 from the container outer side B with the bottom 53 as the head. In this case, the fixing part 47 is formed by inserting the cylindrical part 52 of the cored bar 5 into the position of the circumferential part 44 </ b> B that does not have the communication path 44 of the elastic body 4. Subsequently, the bottom 63 of the spring 6 is attached to the inner diameter side of the core bar 5 from the outer side B of the container so that the cylindrical part 62 is engaged with the missing part 51 of the core bar 5. In this case, the cylindrical portion 62 of the spring 6 presses the circumferential direction portion 44 </ b> A having the communication path 44 of the elastic body 4 from the inner diameter side to the inner circumferential surface 33 to form the opening portion 46.

  Therefore, the fixing portion 47 formed on the elastic body 4 is closely fitted to the inner peripheral surface 33 of the opening 31 by the cylindrical portion 52 of the core metal 5 to hold the one-way valve 1 to the opening 31, Since the opening 46 is also in contact with the inner peripheral surface 33 at the contact surface 45, the outer diameter of the one-way valve can be reduced. Furthermore, since the internal pressure is equal to or lower than the set open pressure in a normal use state, the contact surface 45 of the open portion 46 comes into contact with the inner peripheral surface 33, and the electrolyte in the capacitor 2 is discharged from the contact surface 45. Leakage is prevented, and when the pressure in the capacitor 2 exceeds a predetermined value, the opening 46 is opened, and this pressure is released, so that the capacitor 2 can be prevented from being broken. When the spring 6 is used, the opening 46 is pressed against the inner peripheral surface 33, which is effective when the elastic body 4 is aged due to changes over time. In addition, when the baffle plate 7 made of a nonwoven fabric is provided on the inner diameter portion 48 of the elastic body 4, it is possible to prevent a small amount of electrolyte from leaking along with the gas generated from the capacitor 2 at all times. .

  The elastic body 4 has a cylindrical shape in which both the open portion 46 and the fixed portion 47 are cylindrical in the above-described embodiment. However, as shown in FIG. It is good also as a seal lip shape which is easy to open when it becomes.

(A) is sectional drawing of the capacitor | condenser which has a one-way pressure release valve based on this invention, (B) is a top view of the capacitor | condenser Sectional drawing of the opening part which mounts the one-way valve concerning this invention (A) is a plan view of a one-way valve according to the present invention, (B) is a sectional view of the same direction valve, and (C) is a bottom view of the same direction valve. (A) is a top view of the metal core which concerns on this invention, (B) is a front view of a metal core. (A) is a top view of the spring which concerns on this invention, (B) is a front view of the spring Sectional view showing a one-way valve fitting Sectional drawing of the one-way valve which concerns on another Example of this invention. Sectional view of a pressure relief valve according to the prior art

Explanation of symbols

1 One-way valve 2 Capacitor (pressure vessel)
3 Sealing plate 31 Opening portion 32 Step 33 Inner circumferential surface 34 Engaging portion 4 Elastic body 41 Large diameter portion 42 Convex portion 43 Small diameter portion 44 Communication portion 44A, 44B Circumferential portion 45 Contact surface 46 Opening portion 47 Fixing portion 48 Inner diameter portion 49
5 Core metal 51, 61 Missing part 52, 62 Cylindrical part 53, 63 Bottom part 6 Spring 7 Baffle plate A Container inside B Container outside

Claims (4)

  Fixing that is fitted in the opening provided on the sealing plate of the pressure vessel, and the cylindrical portion is closely fitted to the inner peripheral surface of the opening by a cylindrical portion of a bottomed cylindrical cored bar having a missing portion in the circumferential direction. And a cylindrical elastic body in which an opening portion that releases the pressure from the contact surface with the inner peripheral surface when the pressure in the pressure vessel exceeds a predetermined value is formed in the circumferential direction. One-way valve characterized by The one-way valve of claim 1,
The one-way valve, wherein the open portion is pressed against the inner peripheral surface by a spring engaged with a missing portion of the cylindrical portion of the cored bar. The one-way valve according to claim 1 or 2,
A one-way valve characterized in that a baffle plate is provided on an inner diameter portion of the elastic body inside the container. The one-way valve according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The one-way valve characterized in that the opening portion has a seal lip shape.

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