JP2007041660A - Sensor network, sensor node and its program, and sensor information retrieval method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To rapidly retrieve and specify a sensor node, which measures sensing information requested for collection or sensing information for satisfying a designated condition (an attribute and a value) concerning a meta-information, even in a sensor network system without having a server to perform the unitary management of the meta-information, etc. <P>SOLUTION: The cluster member of a cluster transmits one's own identification information and a sensing information attribute being the attribute of the sensing information to a cluster head as retrieval information. The cluster head associates and stores the identification information of the cluster member and the sensing information attribute, which are transmitted from the cluster member, in a general purpose storage part as retrieval condition information. The identification information of the cluster member corresponding to the sensing information attribute in a retrieval request is retrieved from the retrieval condition information in response to the retrieval request of the sensing information from an external computer. Then the request of the sensing information is transmitted to the cluster member corresponding to the identification information. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a sensor network, a sensor node and a program thereof, and a sensor information search method, and more particularly to a technique for realizing high-speed sensing information search in an environment in which a plurality of sensor nodes are connected by communication.

  A sensor network system arranges a plurality of sensor nodes in an observation target environment, and each sensor node relays the measured sensing information to a computer for relaying a plurality of sensor nodes to accumulate remote sensing information (hereinafter referred to as a sensor network system). In this system, the sensing information measured by the sensor node is recorded in the sensing information storage server. Note that there are a plurality of sensor nodes between the sensor node that initially transmits data and the sensor node that finally receives data, or the information storage server, and the communication mode for relaying communication is multi-hop communication. be called.

  The sensor node includes a data processing device, a storage device, a transmission device, and a reception device, and a plurality of sensors such as a temperature sensor, an illuminance sensor, a humidity sensor, an acceleration sensor, an infrared sensor, a microphone, a camera sensor, and a video sensor can be connected. . The sensor node measures environmental sensing information and stores it in a storage device. In addition, the sensing information stored in the storage device is processed by the data processing device. Further, sensing information stored in the storage device and data generated by processing the sensing information by the data processing device are transmitted by the transmission device and received by the reception device.

  As a typical sensor node, there is Non-Patent Document 1. The sensor node of Non-Patent Document 1 is equipped with a micro computer unit with a data processing device and a storage device integrated into a single chip, and has a wireless device, to which a temperature sensor, illuminance sensor, acceleration sensor, and microphone are connected. Has been.

  In an environment where a sensor network system is laid, an observer who needs sensing information uses an information device such as a computer to connect to a sensing information storage server via a network such as the Internet or a LAN. The requested sensing information is searched from the accumulated sensing information.

  Application examples of the sensor network system include a road information collection system in the traffic field, a warehouse inventory management system in the distribution field, a wild animal observation system in the observation field, and a natural information collection system in the environment field. In general, a sensor network system does not take a search form in which a specific sensor node is designated and sensing information stored in the sensor node is collected. The reason is that it is impractical to specify a specific sensor node by grasping the positions of a plurality of sensor nodes arranged in the environment and the types of sensors equipped in the sensor node. In the sensor network system, a data-centric search method is realistic. For example, in a sensor network that measures temperature information, a condition relating to a feature amount (also referred to as meta information) of temperature information is specified (for example, a maximum value or a minimum value), and a sensor node that stores sensing information that satisfies the condition, Notify temperature information.

  An example of a data search system suitable for such a conventional sensor network is published in Non-Patent Document 2.

  The data search system described in Non-Patent Document 2 uses a sensing information storage server to centrally manage the type and performance of sensing information that can be measured by sensors connected to sensor nodes, and when an observer searches for sensing information. In addition, a sensing information request specifying a feature amount condition regarding sensing information is transmitted to a sensing information storage server by a computer or the like. The sensing information accumulation server transmits a sensing information request to the sensor node. Then, the sensor node that has received the sensing information request from the sensing information storage server transmits the sensing information to the sensing information storage server, and the sensing information storage server changes the received sensing information to the data format requested by the observer, Return it to the computer owned by the observer.

  An example of another conventional data search system is published in Non-Patent Document 3.

  The data search system described in Non-Patent Document 3 transmits a sensing request transmitted by an observer by a computer to all of the sensor nodes arranged in the sensor network system, and the sensor node receiving the sensing information request transmits the sensing information. Return it to the computer held by the observer.

  On the other hand, Patent Literature 1 and Non-Patent Literature 4 describe a technique in which a node forms a cluster topology (also referred to as a star mesh type) network topology as shown in FIG.

  As communication devices that form a cluster mesh network topology, there are communication devices equipped with wireless communication standards such as ZigBee, Bluetooth, and wireless LAN, and communication devices equipped with wired communication standards such as Ethernet (registered trademark). One of these communication devices is installed. The cluster mesh type network topology is formed by forming a group called a cluster in which one parent node and a plurality of child nodes are connected, and the parent nodes of the cluster are interconnected in a mesh shape. A parent node in the cluster is called a cluster head (hereinafter abbreviated as CH), and a child node is called a cluster member (hereinafter abbreviated as CM). The node that could not form a cluster becomes a cluster head and does not manage cluster members, but plays a role of relaying communication between clusters.

  A cluster member in the cluster mesh network topology can communicate with at least a cluster head of a cluster to which the cluster member belongs, and communication between clusters is representatively performed by the cluster head of each cluster. For example, when the cluster member CM11 of the cluster 1000 in FIG. 64 communicates with the cluster member CM31 of the cluster 3000, the cluster member CM11 connects the cluster 1000 and the cluster 3000, that is, via the cluster head CH2, “ Communication is performed using a communication path of “CM11 → CH1 → CH2 → CH3 → CM31”. Normally, there is no difference in hardware and software between the cluster head and the cluster member, the cluster head and the cluster member have the same hardware configuration, and the network control of the cluster head is executed. Both a control program (software) and a control program (software) for executing network control of cluster members are provided. In other words, in order to form a cluster, the nodes arranged in the environment perform a peripheral search, recognize the existence of a node capable of direct communication by using a link level protocol, and form a cluster. Can establish a cluster mesh network topology by establishing communications with the cluster heads of other clusters that can communicate.

In the following description, a computer (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as Cmp) is used as a device for storing sensing information measured by the cluster head or the sensor node that is a cluster member. The computer may have a hardware / software configuration different from that of the sensor node, but at least can communicate with the cluster head. Hereinafter, it is assumed that the cluster head and the cluster member are sensor nodes unless otherwise specified. In addition, since a plurality of sensor nodes and computers are cited in the text, they are unique using symbols and numbers, such as Cmp100 for computers, CH1 for cluster heads, and CM11 for cluster members. Give a name.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-044003 3 others outside Jason Hill, Communications of the ACM, USA, 2004, 47, 6, 41-46 Daisuke Maruyama, 3 authors, IPSJ Ubiquitous Computing System Study Group, 2004, Vol. 4, No. 39, pp. 11-16 1 other author, Samuel Madden, IEEE Pervasive Computing, USA, 2004, Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 46-55 Wendi Heinzelman and two others, Hawaii International Conference on System Science (HICSS), USA, 2000, Volume 33

  By the way, in the prior art of Non-Patent Document 2, there is no means to distribute and manage the meta information related to the sensing information collected by the sensor node and the attribute of the sensing information that can be measured by the sensor connected to the sensor node. However, there is a problem that data search cannot be performed in an environment where a server is required to perform data search and the server cannot be installed.

  In the prior art of Non-Patent Document 3, since there is no means for transmitting a data search request for data search to the sensor node based on pre-stored meta information, the data search request is arranged in the sensor network system. The sensor node that has transmitted all of the sensor nodes and received the data search request needs to calculate after receiving the meta information, and there is a problem that high-speed data search cannot be performed.

  That is, the first problem is to store the sensing information that satisfies the specified conditions (attributes and values) regarding the meta information, and to identify the sensor node that measures the sensing information that requires collection, such as meta information It is necessary to have a server that centrally manages This is because the operation of the sensor network system in an environment where a server cannot be installed is not considered.

  The second problem is that it takes a great deal of time to search for sensor nodes that store sensing information that satisfies the specified conditions (attributes and values) related to meta information transmitted by the computer and that measure sensing information that requires collection. That is what you need. The reason is that the sensor node calculates the meta information of the specified condition (attribute) for the sensing information stored after receiving a message including the specified condition (attribute and value) of the meta information from the computer. This is because it is verified whether the information matches the specified condition (value).

  The third problem is that, from the sensor network system, the sensing information that satisfies the specified conditions (attributes and values) regarding the meta information is stored, and a plurality of sensor nodes that measure the sensing information that requires collection are specified, It takes a lot of time to complete the collection of requested sensing information from a plurality of identified sensor nodes. The reason is that it is necessary to send a meta information specification condition (attribute and value) sent by the computer and a message including sensing information requesting collection to all sensor nodes arranged in the sensor network system. This is because all the sensor nodes that store the sensing information that satisfies the specified conditions (attributes and values) of the meta information and that store the sensing information that requires collection must transmit the sensing information to the computer.

  Therefore, the present invention has been invented in view of the above-described problems, and the object thereof is related to sensing information or meta information that requires collection even in a sensor network system that does not have a server that centrally manages meta information and the like. An object of the present invention is to provide a technique capable of quickly searching and specifying a sensor node measuring sensing information that satisfies a specified condition (attribute and value).

  Another object of the present invention is to store sensing information that satisfies the specified conditions (attributes and values) related to meta information, or reduce the time required to search for sensor nodes that measure sensing information that requires collection. It is to provide a technology that can do.

  Another object of the present invention is to store sensing information satisfying specified conditions (attributes and values) related to meta information from a sensor network system, or search a plurality of sensor nodes measuring sensing information requiring collection. It is another object of the present invention to provide a technique capable of reducing the time required to complete the collection of requested sensing information from a plurality of specified sensor nodes.

  A first invention for solving the above problem is a sensor network system including at least one cluster, wherein the cluster includes a cluster head and at least one cluster member, and the cluster member includes: A means for transmitting sensing information to the cluster head as search information, a sensor for acquiring sensing information, its own identification information, and a sensing information attribute that is an attribute of the sensing information, and a request for sensing information from the cluster header. In response, means for transmitting sensing information acquired by the sensor to the cluster header, wherein the cluster header associates identification information of the cluster member transmitted from the cluster member with a sensing information attribute. Storage means for storing as search condition information; In response to the search information search request, the cluster member identification information corresponding to the sensing information attribute in the search request is searched from the search condition information, and the sensing information request is transmitted to the cluster member corresponding to the identification information. And means for carrying out the above.

  A second invention for solving the above problem is a sensor network system including at least one cluster, wherein the cluster includes a cluster head and at least one cluster member, and the cluster member includes: A sensor that acquires sensing information, a means for calculating meta information that is a feature quantity of sensing information from the sensing information acquired from the sensor, its own identification information, and a sensing information attribute that is an attribute of the sensing information, Sensing acquired by the sensor in response to a request for sensing information from the cluster header and a means for transmitting the calculated meta information and meta information attributes which are attributes of the meta information to the cluster head. Means for transmitting information to the cluster header, and the cluster The ddder responds to a sensing information search request and storage means for associating and storing the cluster member identification information, sensing information attribute, meta information and meta information attribute transmitted from the cluster member as search condition information. Then, the sensing information attribute, the meta information attribute and the cluster member identification information corresponding to the meta information in the search request are searched from the search condition information, and the sensing information request is transmitted to the cluster member corresponding to the identification information. Means.

  According to a third invention for solving the above-mentioned problem, in the first or second invention, the cluster is composed of a plurality of sensor nodes, and each sensor node stores information on roles of a cluster head and a cluster member. It is characterized by changing.

  A fourth invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is characterized in that, in the third invention, the sensor node has node information management means for storing a profile which is unique information of the sensor node.

  A fifth invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is characterized in that, in the above-mentioned fourth invention, the sensor node serving as the cluster head stores the profiles of all cluster members to be managed in the node information management means.

  According to a sixth invention for solving the above-mentioned problem, in the fourth or fifth invention, the cluster head integrates search condition information and shares a profile with a computer or other cluster head capable of direct communication. Thus, the cluster head to which the search request for the sensing information is transferred is selected, and the sensing information requested by the search request is returned to the computer through the shortest path.

  According to a seventh invention for solving the above-described problem, in any one of the first to sixth inventions, a terminal cluster head that holds only one cluster head capable of direct communication is a cluster head capable of direct communication. It is characterized by integrating search condition information.

  In an eighth invention for solving the above-mentioned problem, in the seventh invention, the terminal cluster head and the cluster member managed by the terminal cluster head search for information that matches a condition corresponding to the sensing information search request. If the condition information is not retained or the sensing information requested by the sensing information retrieval request is not measured, the cluster head transfers the sensing information retrieval request to a cluster head other than the terminal cluster head, The cluster head refers to the profile held in the node information storage unit in order to return the sensing information measured by the cluster head, the terminal cluster head, or the cluster member to the computer through the shortest route. , A message transfer means for transferring sensing information Characterized in that it.

  A ninth invention that solves the above problem is a sensor node that constitutes a sensor network, and includes a sensing information attribute that is attribute information of sensing information acquired from the sensor, and a sensor node that has transmitted the sensing information attribute. Sensor node information management means for managing the identification information as search condition information in association with the identification information is provided.

  A tenth invention that solves the above problem is a sensor node that constitutes a sensor network, and includes sensing information attributes that are attribute information of sensing information acquired from the sensors, meta information that is feature amounts of the sensing information, A sensor node information management unit that manages meta information attributes that are attributes of the meta information and identification information of the sensor node that has transmitted the information as search condition information is provided.

  In an eleventh invention for solving the above-mentioned problem, in the ninth or tenth invention, in response to a search request for sensing information, a sensor node corresponding from the sensing information attribute, meta-information attribute or meta-information of the search request And a means for transmitting a request for sensing information to a sensor node corresponding to the identification information.

  In a twelfth invention for solving the above-described problem, in any of the ninth to eleventh inventions, a cluster is configured by a plurality of sensor nodes, and each sensor node stores a role of a cluster head and a cluster member. It is characterized by being changed by information.

  A thirteenth invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is characterized in that, in any of the ninth to twelfth inventions, the sensor node has node information management means for storing a profile which is unique information of the sensor node.

  A fourteenth invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is characterized in that, in the thirteenth invention, the sensor node that becomes the cluster head stores the profiles of all sensor nodes to be managed in the node information management means.

  According to a fifteenth aspect of the present invention for solving the above-described problems, in the fourteenth aspect, the sensor node serving as the cluster head is a computer capable of direct communication, or the sensor node serving as another cluster head and the search condition information. A means for selecting a cluster head to which the search request for the sensing information is transferred by integrating and sharing the profile, and returning the sensing information requested by the search request for the sensing information to the computer through the shortest path; Features.

  In a sixteenth aspect of the present invention for solving the above-described problem, in any one of the twelfth to fifteenth aspects, the sensor node that is the terminal cluster head that holds only one cluster head capable of direct communication is configured to perform direct communication. It is characterized by having means for integrating search condition information into possible cluster heads.

  In a seventeenth aspect of the present invention for solving the above-described problem, in any one of the twelfth to sixteenth aspects, the sensor node serving as the cluster head includes a terminal cluster head and a cluster member managed by the terminal cluster head. If the search condition information that matches the search condition information corresponding to the search request for sensing information is not held, or the sensing information requested by the search request for the sensing information is not measured, the cluster heads other than the terminal cluster head are not measured. Transfer the sensing information search request and refer to the profile held in the node information storage unit in order to return the sensing information measured by the cluster head, terminal cluster head, or cluster member to the computer through the shortest route. Message transfer means for transferring sensing information Characterized in that it has.

  An eighteenth invention for solving the above-described problems is a sensor node program constituting a sensor network, wherein the program has a sensing information attribute that is attribute information of sensing information acquired from a sensor in the sensor node, and It is characterized in that a process for managing the identification information of the sensor node that has transmitted the sensing information attribute as search condition information is executed.

  A nineteenth invention for solving the above-mentioned problem is a sensor node program constituting a sensor network, wherein the program has a sensing information attribute that is attribute information of sensing information acquired from a sensor in the sensor node, and A process of managing meta-information which is a feature amount of data from sensing information, meta-information attribute which is an attribute of the meta-information, and identification information of a sensor node which has transmitted the information as search condition information It is made to perform.

  In a twentieth aspect of the invention for solving the above-described problem, in the eighteenth or nineteenth aspect of the invention, the program sends a sensing information attribute, meta information of the search request to the sensor node in response to a search request for sensing information. The sensor node identification information corresponding to the attribute or meta information is searched from the search condition information, and a process of transmitting a request for sensing information to the sensor node corresponding to the identification information is executed.

  According to a twenty-first aspect of the present invention for solving the above-described problems, in the above-described eighteenth to twentieth aspects, when the cluster head and the cluster member are configured by a plurality of sensor nodes, the program is selected according to the role of the sensor node. Is characterized by changing the information to be stored.

  In a twenty-second invention for solving the above-described problem, in any one of the eighteenth to twenty-first inventions, the program causes the sensor node to execute a process of managing a profile that is unique information of the sensor node. Features.

  In a twenty-third aspect of the invention for solving the above-described problems, in the twenty-second aspect, when the sensor node becomes a cluster head, the program manages a profile of all cluster members managed by the sensor node. Is executed.

  In a twenty-fourth aspect of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems, in the twenty-third aspect, the program is a computer or other cluster head capable of directly communicating with the sensor node when the sensor node becomes a cluster head. The search condition information is integrated and the profile is shared to select the cluster head to which the sensing information search request is transferred, and return the sensing information requested by the sensing information search request to the computer through the shortest route. It is characterized in that the processing is performed.

  In a twenty-fifth aspect of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems, in any one of the twenty-first to twenty-fourth aspects, the program is a terminal cluster head in which the sensor node holds only one cluster head capable of direct communication. In this case, the sensor node is caused to execute processing for integrating search condition information into a cluster head capable of direct communication.

  In a twenty-sixth aspect of the present invention for solving the above-described problem, in any one of the twenty-first to twenty-fifth aspects, the sensor node is a cluster head, and the terminal cluster head and the cluster member managed by the terminal cluster head are When the search condition information that matches the search condition information corresponding to the search request for sensing information is not held, or when the sensing information requested by the search request for the sensing information is not measured, the program causes the sensor node to In order to send a sensing information search request to a cluster head other than the terminal cluster head and return the sensing information measured by the cluster head, the terminal cluster head, or the cluster member to the computer through the shortest route, the profile is Refer to and transfer sensing information Characterized in that for the execution.

  A twenty-seventh aspect of the present invention for solving the above problem is a sensor network having at least one cluster composed of sensor nodes, wherein the identification information of the sensor nodes constituting the cluster is associated with the sensing information attribute of the sensor node. The search node information is managed by a sensor node that manages the cluster, a sensing information search request is transmitted to the sensor node that manages the search condition information, and the sensor node that manages the cluster In response to the search request, a search is performed based on the search condition information, and a request for sensing information is transmitted to the corresponding sensor node.

  In a twenty-eighth aspect of the present invention for solving the above-described problem, in the twenty-seventh aspect, the search condition information includes meta information and meta information attributes of sensor nodes, and the meta information and meta information attributes are It is characterized by being associated with identification information.

  The twenty-ninth invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is characterized in that, in the twenty-seventh or twenty-eighth invention, the sensor node stores a profile which is information for a sensing information search request or sensing information transmission. .

  A thirtieth invention for solving the above-mentioned problem is a sensing information search method in a sensor network system having at least one cluster composed of a cluster head and at least one cluster member, wherein the cluster member And the sensing information attribute that is an attribute of its own sensing information are transmitted as search information to the cluster head, and the cluster header includes the cluster member identification information and the sensing information attribute transmitted from the cluster member. Is stored as search condition information, and in response to a sensing information search request, cluster member identification information corresponding to the sensing information attribute of the search request is searched from the search condition information, and this identification information is supported. Send a request for sensing information to the cluster member And, a cluster member, in response to the request of the sensing information from the cluster header, and transmits the acquired sensing information to the cluster header.

  A thirty-first invention for solving the above-mentioned problem is a sensing information search method in a sensor network system having at least one cluster composed of a cluster head and at least one cluster member. Identification information, sensing information attribute that is an attribute of its own sensing information, meta information calculated from the sensing information, and meta information attribute that is an attribute of the meta information are transmitted to the cluster head, and the cluster header The cluster member identification information, sensing information attribute, meta information, and meta information attribute transmitted from the cluster member are stored as search condition information in association with each other, and in response to a sensing information search request, the search request Supports sensing information attributes, meta information attributes, and meta information The cluster member identification information is searched from the search condition information, and a sensing information request is transmitted to the cluster member corresponding to the identification information. The cluster member responds to the sensing information request from the cluster header, The acquired sensing information is transmitted to the cluster header.

  A thirty-second invention for solving the above-described problem is a sensing information retrieval method in a sensor network having at least one cluster composed of sensor nodes, the sensor node identifying information constituting the cluster, and sensing of the sensor nodes. A sensor that manages the cluster by managing the search condition information associated with the information attribute to a sensor node that manages the cluster, transmits a search request for sensing information to the sensor node that manages the search condition information In response to a search request for sensing information, the node searches based on the search condition information and transmits a request for sensing information to the corresponding sensor node.

  A thirty-third invention for solving the above-described problem is a sensing information search method for sensor nodes constituting a sensor network, wherein a sensing information attribute that is attribute information of sensing information acquired from a sensor and the sensing information attribute are transmitted. It is characterized in that it is managed as search condition information in association with the sensor node identification information.

  A thirty-fourth invention for solving the above-mentioned problem is a sensing information retrieval method for sensor nodes constituting a sensor network, wherein the sensing information attribute is attribute information of sensing information acquired from the sensor, and the data characteristics from the sensing information The meta information that is the quantity, the meta information attribute that is the attribute of the meta information, and the identification information of the sensor node that has transmitted the information are associated with each other and managed as search condition information.

  In a thirty-fifth aspect of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problem, in the thirty-third or thirty-fourth aspect, in response to a sensing information search request, a sensor corresponding to a sensing information attribute, meta information attribute, or meta information of the sensing information Node identification information is searched from the search condition information, and a request for sensing information is transmitted to a sensor node corresponding to the identification information.

  In a thirty-sixth aspect of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems, in any of the thirty-third to thirty-fifth aspects, when a cluster head and a cluster member are constituted by a plurality of sensor nodes, storage is performed according to the role of the sensor node. It is characterized by changing information.

  A thirty-seventh invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is characterized in that, in any of the thirty-third to thirty-sixth inventions, a profile that is unique information of a node is managed.

  The thirty-eighth invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is characterized in that, in the above-mentioned thirty-seventh invention, when the sensor node becomes a cluster head, the profiles of all cluster members to be managed are stored.

  In a thirty-ninth aspect of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems, when the sensor node becomes a cluster head in the thirty-seventh or thirty-eighth aspect, search condition information is integrated with a computer or other cluster head capable of direct communication. Then, by sharing a profile, a cluster head to which the sensing information search request is transferred is selected, and the sensing information requested by the sensing information search request is returned to the computer through the shortest path.

  In a forty-sixth aspect of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems, in any of the thirty-sixth to thirty-ninth aspects, if the sensor node is a terminal cluster head that holds only one cluster head capable of direct communication, The search condition information is integrated into a cluster head capable of communication.

  In a forty-first aspect of the present invention for solving the above-described problems, in any of the thirty-sixth to fortieth aspects, the sensor node is a cluster head, and the terminal cluster head and a cluster member managed by the terminal cluster head are the sensing nodes. If the search condition information that matches the search condition information corresponding to the information search request is not held or the sensing information requested by the sensing information search request is not measured, the sensor node is other than the terminal cluster head. A search request for sensing information to the cluster head, and refer to the profile in order to return the sensing information measured by the cluster head, the terminal cluster head, or the cluster member to the computer through the shortest route. Transfer of sensing information .

  According to the present invention, in a sensor network system composed of at least one cluster, cluster members of the cluster transmit their identification information and sensing information attribute which is an attribute of sensing information to the cluster head as search information. Keep it. The cluster header stores the identification information of the cluster member transmitted from the cluster member and the sensing information attribute in association with the sensing information attribute in the general-purpose machine part as the search condition information. Then, in response to a sensing information retrieval request from an external computer, the cluster member identification information corresponding to the sensing information attribute in the retrieval request is retrieved from the search condition information, and the cluster member corresponding to this identification information is sensed. By transmitting information requests, communication overhead can be reduced compared to conventional systems.

  Further, meta information that is a feature amount of sensing information and meta information attributes that are attributes of meta information can be included as search information.

  The first effect of the present invention can realize a high-speed search for sensing information as compared to a method that does not use the type of sensor device mounted on the sensor node for the search of sensing information. This is because the cluster head holds the cluster member equipped with the sensor device that measures the sensing information to be searched, which is designated by the sensing information search message, as the information held in the cluster head. Based on this, the communication work can be executed only with the cluster member that measures the sensing information to be searched, so that the communication overhead can be reduced.

  Further, the second effect of the present invention is that a server for centrally managing meta information, profiles, and the like is not required only by adopting a cluster mesh network topology in the sensor network system. As a result, the computer can connect to the sensor network system via the sensor node even in an environment where no server exists, and can realize data retrieval. The reason is that the general information storage unit of the cluster head of the cluster mesh network topology manages the meta information, and the node information management unit manages the profile of the cluster member.

  Further, the third effect of the present invention is that meta information is specified by limiting a sensor node that receives a message including a specified condition (attribute and value) of meta information and sensing information requesting collection from a computer to the cluster head. It is possible to reduce the time required to specify the sensor node that stores the sensing information that satisfies the specified conditions (attributes and values) and measures the sensing information that requires collection. The reason is that the cluster member calculates meta information in advance from the measured sensing information and registers the calculated meta information in the cluster head.

  In addition, the fourth effect of the present invention is that the cluster head restricts the cluster head that transmits a message including the designation condition (attribute and value) of meta information and the sensing information requesting collection, and the sensing information requested is determined. By returning to the computer with the shortest path, the sensor network system stores the sensing information that satisfies the specified conditions (attributes and values) regarding the meta information, and the sensor nodes that measure the sensing information that requires collection are measured. It is possible to shorten the time required to complete the collection of requested sensing information from a plurality of sensor nodes that have been searched and identified. The reason is that the meta information stored in the cluster head that has only one cluster head that can communicate directly and the profile are sent to the only cluster head that can communicate directly in advance, and the cluster head can communicate directly. This is because the profile is received from the computer / cluster head.

  The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  First, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  In the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 53, a sensor network in which at least one cluster 1000 including at least one cluster head CH1 and at least one cluster member CM11, CM12, CM13 exists. Works with the system. The sensor network system of FIG. 53 has only one cluster and does not require multi-hop communication that relays a plurality of cluster heads. Therefore, although it is not strictly a cluster mesh type network topology configuration, By applying it, it is possible to search for sensing information at high speed within the cluster.

  FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the cluster head CH1 in the first embodiment. Referring to FIG. 2, the cluster head CH1 includes a receiving device 1 that receives data by wired connection and wireless connection, a data processing device 2 that operates by program control, a storage device 3 that stores information, a wired connection, and wireless connection. And a transmission device 4 that transmits data by connection.

  FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13 in the first embodiment. Referring to FIG. 3, the cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13 include a receiving device 1 that receives data by wired connection and wireless connection, a data processing device 2 that operates by program control, and a storage device 3 that stores information. It includes a transmission device 4 that transmits data by wired connection and wireless connection, and a sensor device 5 that collects sensing information.

  The storage device 3 of the cluster head CH1 and the cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13 includes a general-purpose information storage unit 31. The general-purpose information storage unit 31 stores different information in the cluster head CH1 and the cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13.

  The general-purpose information storage unit 31 of the cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13 stores variable length data including sensing information SE and sensing information attribute SA.

  Here, the sensing information SE and the sensing information attribute SA will be described.

  The sensing information SE is a data value (measurement value) of sensing information measured using the sensor device 5 provided in the cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13, and is stored in association with the sensing information attribute SA. The cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13 are equipped with a plurality of sensor devices. For example, sensor devices include “temperature sensor, humidity sensor, illuminance sensor, infrared sensor, camera sensor, microphone, radio clock, GPS” and the like, and sensing information SE measured from these sensor devices includes “temperature measurement”. Value, humidity measurement value, illuminance measurement value, infrared measurement value, image measurement value, sound measurement value, absolute time measurement value, absolute position measurement value ”.

  The sensing information attribute SA is a parameter for designating the type of sensing information SE such as “temperature, humidity, illuminance, infrared ray, image, sound, absolute time, absolute position” (actually, the sensing information attribute SA is In other words, the sensing information attribute SA is different between the temperature [° C.] and the temperature [K], and the sensing information attribute SA is given as a different 8-bit value shown in FIG. Specifically, measurement is performed from a first sensor device 51, a second sensor device 52, a third sensor device 53, and a fourth sensor device 54 provided in the sensor device 5. A sensing information attribute SA is uniquely associated with the sensing information SE.

  On the other hand, the general-purpose information storage unit 31 of the cluster head CH1 stores fixed-length data including a node identification number ID and a sensing information attribute SA.

  The node identification number ID is sensor node identification information. Each sensor node recognizes the node identification number by a link level protocol, determines the role of the cluster head or cluster member, and the cluster is determined.

  The data processing device 2 is different in the processing executed by the cluster head CH1 and the cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13.

  The data processing device 2 of the cluster head CH1 includes a message interpretation unit 21, a meta information reference unit 22, a meta information registration unit 24, and a message conversion unit 26.

  On the other hand, the data processing devices 2 of the cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13 include message interpretation means 21, sensing information extraction means 22, sensing information return means 25, and message conversion means 26.

  Here, messages used in the present embodiment will be described.

  There are three types of messages used in the present embodiment: “sensing information search message”, “meta information notification message”, and “sensing information notification message”.

  The sensing information search message is, for example, a message transmitted from a computer other than the cluster 1000 to the cluster head CH1, and then transmitted from the cluster head CH1 to the cluster members CM11, CM12, CM13. , A message for searching the sensing information SE specified by the sensing information search message from the sensing information SE stored in the general-purpose information storage unit 31 of the CM 13.

  The meta information notification message is sent to the sensor devices (first sensor device 51, second sensor device 52, third sensor device 53, fourth sensor device 54, etc. in FIG. 3) mounted on the cluster members CM11, CM12, CM13. ) Is a message for notifying the cluster head CH1 of the sensing information attribute SA associated with.

  The sensing information notification message is a message for notifying the sensing information measured by the cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13 from the cluster head CH1 to other computers other than the cluster 1000.

  These three types of messages are configured by combining a “message definition block”, a “meta information definition block”, and a “sensing information definition block” shown in FIG.

  The message definition block is a part that defines the content of the message. The message type MgT, the source node identification number SrcID, the destination node identification number DstID, the multihop count HOPnum, the multihop routing route history RIDHist, and the message survival. It is composed of a hop period TTL, a message length MgL, and a padding length PadL.

  Message type MgT specifies the type of message.

  The transmission source node identification number SrcID designates the node identification number ID of the message transmission source node.

  The destination node identification number DstID specifies the node identification number ID of the destination node of the message.

  Message length MgL specifies the total length of the message in bytes. If the message length MgL cannot be specified in bytes, depending on the message structure, an unused area is secured so that it can be specified in bytes, and “0” is written in the unused area (a number other than “0” may be used). ). The padding length PadL specifies the total length of the unused area in bits.

  The meta information definition block defines a meta information condition, and includes a sensing information attribute SA.

  The sensing information definition block is a part that defines conditions for sensing information, and includes sensing information SE and sensing information attributes SA.

  A continuation flag F is described at the head of the message definition block, meta information definition block, and sensing information definition block. When a plurality of messages are continuously transmitted, a plurality of messages can be described in succession by enabling the continuation flag F in the message definition block. Further, when a plurality of meta information definition blocks and sensing information definition blocks are described in one message, the continuation flag F at the beginning of the meta information definition block and the sensing information definition block is enabled, Meta information definition block and sensing information definition block can be described.

  The cluster head CH1 analyzes the message definition block of the message received by the receiving device 1 by the message interpretation unit 21 and determines whether to pass it to the meta information reference unit 22 or the meta information registration unit 24.

  On the other hand, the cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13 analyze the message definition block of the message received by the receiving device 1 by the message analysis unit 21 and determine whether to pass to the sensing information extraction unit 23.

  The cluster head CH1 processes the sensing information search message received from the message interpretation unit 21 using the meta information reference unit 22. With reference to the sensing information attribute SA held in the general-purpose information storage unit 31, the sensing information attribute SA designated in the sensing information definition block of the sensing information search message is searched. Thereafter, the sensing information search message is delivered to the message conversion means 26. Then, the cluster head CH1 uses the message conversion unit 26 to convert the sensing information search message received from the meta information reference unit 22 into a new sensing information search message.

  Thereafter, the cluster head CH1 processes the meta information notification message received from the message interpreting means 21 using the meta information registering means 24. The general information storage unit 31 is searched, and the meta information notification message searches the storage area for storing the message definition block, the node identification number ID specified by the meta information definition block, and the sensing information attribute SA. If the node identification number ID and the sensing information attribute SA are already written, no processing is performed. If the node identification number ID and the sensing information attribute SA are not written, a new storage area is secured and the node identification number ID and the sensing information attribute SA are registered.

  The cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13 process the sensing information search message received from the message interpretation unit 21 using the sensing information extraction unit 23. With reference to the sensing information attribute SA held in the general-purpose storage unit 31, the sensing information SE corresponding to the sensing information attribute SA specified in the sensing information definition block by the sensing information search message is extracted. Thereafter, the sensing information search message and the extracted sensing information SE are delivered to the message conversion means 26.

  The cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13 convert the sensing information search message and the sensing information SE received from the sensing information extraction unit 23 into a sensing information notification message using the message conversion unit 26, and transmit the sensing information notification message via the transmission device 4. Transmit to the cluster head CH1.

  Next, the operation of the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to a flowchart.

  First, with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 6, the operation until the nodes arranged in the environment construct a cluster as shown in FIG. 53 will be described.

  First, when the sensor node is arranged in the environment, a peripheral search is executed (step F1), and a node identification number is recognized mutually with the sensor node that has been successfully searched by a link level protocol (step F2). Thereafter, the roles of the cluster head or cluster members are determined based on parameters such as the remaining battery capacity of the sensor node and the received radio wave intensity (step F3), and a communication link is established between the cluster head and the plurality of cluster members. Then, the cluster is determined (step F5).

  By such an operation, a cluster 1000 composed of the cluster head CH1 and the cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13 as shown in FIG. 53 is constructed.

  Next, referring to the flowchart of FIG. 55, the cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13 measure the sensing information SE and notify the cluster head CH1 of the node identification number ID and the sensing information attribute SA by the meta information notification message. And an operation in which the cluster head CH1 registers the meta information ME in the general-purpose information storage unit 31 will be described.

  Generally, the cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13 measure sensing information by intermittent control. The cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13 use an internal timer (different from the “radio clock” of the sensor device) during a measurement time TS (for example, given in seconds) assigned to measurement of sensing information. , Sensing information is measured at a sampling period smpt (given in seconds, for example). That is, the cluster member allocates a time other than the measurement time TS (referred to as non-measurement time T) to work other than measurement work such as communication with the cluster head or transition to the sleep state in order to reduce power consumption. In the time slot of the measurement time TS, the sensing information SE is measured by “TS ÷ smpt [times]” (see FIG. 8). The measurement time TS, the sampling period smpt, and the non-measurement time T are often determined depending on the application.

  The cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13 store the measured sensing information SE from the head address of the general-purpose information storage unit 31 in association with the sensing information attribute SA uniquely assigned to the sensor device provided in the sensor device 5. (Step K1, Step K2).

  After the second measurement time TS, the sensing information SE is overwritten in the memory space having the same sensing information attribute SA stored in the general-purpose information storage unit 31 at the first measurement time (step K2). When the measurement time TS ends, a meta information notification message including the node identification number ID and the sensing information attribute is created, and the meta information notification message is transmitted to the cluster head CH1 (step K3).

  Subsequently, referring to the flowchart of FIG. 56, the cluster head CH1 stores the node identification number ID and the sensing information attribute SA included in the meta information notification message received from the cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13. The operation of registering in No. 31 will be described.

  When the cluster head CH1 confirms that the message received from the cluster member is the meta information notification message by the message interpreting means 21 (step L1), the meta head registration means 24 uses the meta information notification message to identify the node identification number ID and The sensing information attribute SA is extracted and stored in the meta information storage area of the general-purpose information storage unit 31 (step L2).

  When the meta information notification message is received after the second time, the same node identification number ID stored in the general-purpose information storage unit 31 and the sensing information attribute SA are received when the first meta information notification message is received. If there is a memory space, no processing is performed. If the meta information notification message is received after the second time and there is no memory space having the same node identification number ID and sensing information attribute SA, the meta information notification message is added to the general-purpose information storage unit 31.

  With reference to the flowchart of FIG. 57, the operation until the cluster head CH1 that has received the sensing information search message searches the general-purpose information storage unit 31 and converts the sensing information search message into a new sensing information search message will be described. To do.

  For example, when the cluster head CH1 confirms that the message received from a computer other than the cluster 1000 is a sensing information search message by the message interpreting means 21 (step M1), the meta information referring means 22 performs the sensing information. The node identification number of the cluster member having the sensing information attribute SA (uniquely assigned to the sensor device mounted on the cluster member) that matches the sensing information attribute SA specified by the sensing information definition block is read from the search message. The ID is searched from the general-purpose information storage unit 31 (step M2).

  If the search is successful, the message conversion means 26 converts the sensing information search message into a new sensing information search message, and transmits the sensing information search message to one or a plurality of cluster members that have been successfully searched ( Steps M3 and M4). If the cluster member having the sensing information attribute SA that matches the sensing information attribute SA specified by the sensing information definition block of the sensing information search message cannot be searched, the sensing information search message is discarded (step M5).

  58, the cluster member that has received the sensing information search message transmitted from cluster head CH1 searches general information storage unit 31 and converts the sensing information search message into a sensing information notification message. The operation of will be described.

  When the cluster member confirms that the message received from the cluster head CH1 is the sensing information search message by the message interpretation means 21 (step N1), the sensing information extraction means 23 causes the sensing information extraction means 23 to detect the sensing information definition block from the sensing information search message. The sensing information attribute SA that matches the sensing information attribute SA designated by the reading and sensing information definition block is searched from the general-purpose information storage unit 31 (step N2). Sensing information SE related to the searched sensing information attribute SA is extracted (step N3), and the extracted sensing information SE is converted into a sensing information notification message by the message converting means 26, and thereafter the sensing is performed by the cluster head CH1 that manages itself. An information notification message is transmitted (steps N4 and N5).

  Next, the effect of the first embodiment will be described.

  In the present embodiment, it is possible to realize a high-speed search for sensing information as compared to a method that does not use the type of sensor device mounted on the sensor node for the search for sensing information. This is because the cluster head holds the cluster member that includes the sensor device that measures the sensing information to be searched, that is specified by the sensing information search message, as the meta information. Based on the information, the communication work is executed only with the cluster member that measures the sensing information to be searched, so that the communication overhead can be reduced.

  From the above, it is possible to retrieve desired sensing information from the sensor network system at high speed.

  Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  In the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, a sensor network in which at least one cluster 1000 including at least one cluster head CH1 and at least one cluster member CM11, CM12, CM13 exists. Works with the system. Since the sensor network system of FIG. 1 has only one cluster and does not require multi-hop communication that relays a plurality of cluster heads, it is not strictly a configuration of a cluster mesh type network topology. By applying it, it is possible to search for sensing information at high speed within the cluster.

  FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the cluster head CH1 in the second embodiment. Referring to FIG. 2, the cluster head CH1 includes a receiving device 1 that receives data by wired connection and wireless connection, a data processing device 2 that operates by program control, a storage device 3 that stores information, a wired connection, and wireless connection. And a transmission device 4 that transmits data by connection.

  FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13 in the second embodiment. Referring to FIG. 3, the cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13 include a receiving device 1 that receives data by wired connection and wireless connection, a data processing device 2 that operates by program control, and a storage device 3 that stores information. It includes a transmission device 4 that transmits data by wired connection and wireless connection, and a sensor device 5 that collects sensing information.

  The storage device 3 of the cluster head CH1 and the cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13 includes a general-purpose information storage unit 31. The general-purpose information storage unit 31 stores different information in the cluster head CH1 and the cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13.

  The general-purpose information storage unit 31 of the cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13 stores variable length data including sensing information SE and sensing information attributes SA.

  Here, the sensing information SE and the sensing information attribute SA will be described.

  The sensing information SE is a data value (measurement value) of sensing information measured using the sensor device 5 provided in the cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13, and is stored in association with the sensing information attribute SA. The cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13 are equipped with a plurality of sensor devices. For example, sensor devices include “temperature sensor, humidity sensor, illuminance sensor, infrared sensor, camera sensor, microphone, radio clock, GPS” and the like, and sensing information SE measured from these sensor devices includes “temperature measurement”. Value, humidity measurement value, illuminance measurement value, infrared measurement value, image measurement value, sound measurement value, absolute time measurement value, absolute position measurement value ”.

  The sensing information attribute SA is a parameter for designating the type of sensing information SE such as “temperature, humidity, illuminance, infrared ray, image, sound, absolute time, absolute position” (actually, the sensing information attribute SA is In other words, the sensing information attribute SA is different between the temperature [° C.] and the temperature [K], and the sensing information attribute SA is given as a different 8-bit value shown in FIG. Specifically, sensing is performed from the first sensor device 51, the second sensor device 52, the third sensor device 53, and the fourth sensor device 54 provided in the sensor device 5. A sensing information attribute SA is uniquely associated with the information SE.

  On the other hand, the general-purpose information storage unit 31 of the cluster head CH1 stores variable length data including a node identification number ID, a sensing information attribute SA, a meta information attribute MA, and a meta information ME.

  The node identification number ID is sensor node identification information. Each sensor node recognizes the node identification number by a link level protocol, determines the role of the cluster head or cluster member, and the cluster is determined.

  The meta information attribute MA indicates attributes such as statistical processing of sensing information and feature quantities. For example, the maximum value, minimum value, average value, periodicity, abnormal data detection, measurement start time, measurement end time , Measurement position, etc.

  The meta information ME is a value of the meta information attribute and is a data feature amount calculated from the numerical data of the sensing information SE, and is associated with the node identification number ID, the sensing information attribute SA, and the meta information attribute MA. Remembered.

  The data processing device 2 is different in the processing executed by the cluster head CH1 and the cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13.

  The data processing device 2 of the cluster head CH1 includes a message interpretation unit 21, a meta information reference unit 22, a meta information registration unit 24, and a message conversion unit 26.

  On the other hand, the data processing devices 2 of the cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13 include message interpretation means 21, sensing information extraction means 22, sensing information return means 25, and message conversion means 26.

  Here, messages used in the present embodiment will be described.

  There are four types of messages used in the present embodiment: “meta information search message”, “sensing information search message”, “meta information notification message”, and “sensing information notification message”.

  The meta information search message is a message for searching for meta information ME transmitted from the computer other than the cluster 1000 to the cluster head CH1, for example, and is stored in the general information storage unit 31 of the cluster head CH1. This is a message for searching the meta information ME specified by the meta information search message from the information ME.

  The sensing information search message is a message transmitted from the cluster head CH1 to the cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13. From the sensing information SE stored in the general-purpose information storage unit 31 of the cluster head CH1, the cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13. , A message for searching for sensing information SE specified by the sensing information search message.

  The meta information notification message is a message for notifying the cluster head of the meta information ME calculated from the sensing information SE measured by the cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13 during a certain period.

  The sensing information notification message is a message for notifying the computer of sensing information measured by the cluster member from the cluster head CH1.

  These four types of messages are configured by combining a “message definition block”, a “meta information definition block”, and a “sensing information definition block” shown in FIG.

  The message definition block is a part that defines the content of the message. The message type MgT, the source node identification number SrcID, the destination node identification number DstID, the multihop count HOPnum, the multihop routing route history RIDHist, and the message survival. It is composed of a hop period TTL, a message length MgL, and a padding length PadL.

  Message type MgT specifies the type of message.

  The transmission source node identification number SrcID designates the node identification number ID of the message transmission source node.

  The destination node identification number DstID specifies the node identification number ID of the destination node of the message.

  The multi-hop count HOPnum specifies the number of nodes to be relayed before the message reaches the destination node.

  The multi-hop routing route history RIDHist designates the node identification number ID of the node that relays until the message reaches the destination node.

  The message lifetime hop period TTL is provided to prevent the message from forever looping inside the sensor network system, and specifies the maximum value of the multi-hop count HOPnum.

  If computers outside the cluster can be ignored, RIDHist is unnecessary and TTL and HOPnum can be excluded.

  Message length MgL specifies the total length of the message in bytes. If the message length MgL cannot be specified in bytes, depending on the message structure, an unused area is secured so that it can be specified in bytes, and “0” is written in the unused area (a number other than “0” may be used). ). The padding length PadL specifies the total length of the unused area in bits.

  The meta information definition block defines a meta information condition, and includes a sensing information attribute SA, a meta information attribute MA, and a meta information ME.

  The sensing information definition block is a part that defines conditions for sensing information, and includes a sensing information attribute SA and sensing information SE.

  A continuation flag F is described at the head of the message definition block, the meta information definition block, and the sensing information definition block. When a plurality of messages are continuously transmitted, a plurality of messages can be described in succession by enabling the continuation flag F in the message definition block. Further, when a plurality of meta information definition blocks and sensing information definition blocks are described in one message, the continuation flag F at the beginning of the meta information definition block and the sensing information definition block is enabled, Meta information definition block and sensing information definition block can be described.

  The cluster head CH1 analyzes the message definition block of the message received by the receiving device 1 by the message interpretation unit 21 and determines whether to pass it to the meta information reference unit 22 or the meta information registration unit 24.

  On the other hand, the cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13 analyze the message definition block of the message received by the receiving device 1 by the message analysis unit 21 and determine whether to pass to the sensing information extraction unit 23.

  The cluster head CH1 uses the meta information reference unit 22 to process the meta information search message received from the message interpretation unit 21. The meta information ME specified in the meta information definition block of the meta information search message is searched with reference to the meta information ME held in the general-purpose information storage unit 31. Thereafter, the meta information search message is delivered to the message conversion means 26. Then, the cluster head CH1 uses the message conversion unit 26 to convert the meta information search message received from the meta information reference unit 22 into a sensing information search message.

  Thereafter, the cluster head CH1 processes the meta information notification message received from the message interpreting means 21 using the meta information registering means 24. The general information storage unit 31 is searched, and a storage area in which the meta information notification message stores a message definition block, a node identification number ID specified by the meta information definition block, a sensing information attribute SA, and a meta information attribute MA. Search for. Thereafter, the meta information ME specified by the meta information notification message is registered by updating the already written meta information ME, or newly registering the meta information ME by securing a storage area.

  The cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13 process the sensing information search message received from the message interpretation unit 21 using the sensing information extraction unit 23. With reference to the sensing information SE held in the general-purpose storage unit 31, the sensing information SE specified by the sensing information definition block in the sensing information definition block is extracted. Thereafter, the sensing information search message and the extracted sensing information SE are delivered to the message conversion means 26.

  The cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13 use the message conversion unit 26 to convert the sensing information search message received from the sensing information extraction unit 23 and the sensing information SE extracted from the sensing information extraction unit 23 into a sensing information notification message. Then, the data is transmitted to the cluster head CH1 via the transmission device 4.

  Next, the operation of the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to a flowchart.

  First, with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 6, the operation until the nodes arranged in the environment construct a cluster as shown in FIG.

  First, when the sensor node is arranged in the environment, a peripheral search is executed (step F1), and a node identification number is recognized mutually with the sensor node that has been successfully searched by a link level protocol (step F2). Thereafter, the roles of the cluster head or cluster members are determined based on parameters such as the remaining battery capacity of the sensor node and the received radio wave intensity (step F3), and a communication link is established between the cluster head and the plurality of cluster members. Then, the cluster is determined (step F5).

  By such an operation, a cluster 1000 composed of the cluster head CH1 and cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13 as shown in FIG. 1 is constructed.

  Next, referring to the flowchart of FIG. 7, the cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13 calculate the meta information ME from the measured sensing information SE, and notify the cluster head CH1 of the meta information ME by the meta information notification message. An operation and an operation in which the cluster head CH1 registers meta information in the general-purpose information storage unit 31 will be described.

  Generally, the cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13 measure sensing information by intermittent control. The cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13 use an internal timer (different from the “radio clock” of the sensor device) during a measurement time TS (for example, given in seconds) assigned to measurement of sensing information. , Sensing information is measured at a sampling period smpt (given in seconds, for example). That is, the cluster member allocates a time other than the measurement time TS (referred to as non-measurement time T) to work other than measurement work such as communication with the cluster head or transition to the sleep state in order to reduce power consumption. In the time slot of the measurement time TS, the sensing information SE is measured by “TS ÷ smpt [times]” (see FIG. 8). The measurement time TS, the sampling period smpt, and the non-measurement time T are often determined depending on the application.

  The cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13 store the measured sensing information SE from the head address of the general-purpose information storage unit 31 in association with the sensing information attribute SA uniquely assigned to the sensor device provided in the sensor device 5. (Step G1, Step G2).

  After the second measurement time TS, the sensing information SE is overwritten in the memory space having the same sensing information attribute SA stored in the general-purpose information storage unit 31 at the first measurement time (step G2). When the measurement time TS ends, the cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13 calculate the meta information ME from the sensing information SE in the general-purpose information storage unit 31 based on the meta information attribute MA associated in advance with the sensing information attribute SA. (Step G3). A meta information notification message including the meta information ME calculated in step B10 is created, and the meta information notification message is transmitted to the cluster head CH1 (step G4).

  Subsequently, an operation of the cluster head CH1 registering the meta information ME included in the meta information notification message received from the cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13 in the general-purpose information storage unit 31 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. .

  When the cluster head CH1 confirms that the message received from the cluster member is the meta information notification message by the message interpretation means 21 (step H1), the meta head registration means 24 uses the node ID number ID and the ID from the meta information notification message. Then, the sensing information attribute SE, the meta information attribute MA, and the meta information ME are extracted and stored in the meta information storage area of the general-purpose information storage unit 31 (step H2).

  When the meta information notification message is received after the second time, when the first meta information notification message is received, the same node identification number ID, sensing information attribute SA, and meta information stored in the general-purpose information storage unit 31 are received. The meta information ME is overwritten on the memory space having the information attribute MA. If a meta information notification message is received after the second time, and there is no memory space having the same node identification number ID, sensing information attribute SA, and meta information attribute MA, the general information storage unit 31 stores the meta information notification message. Append.

  With reference to the flowchart of FIG. 10, an operation until the cluster head CH1 that has received the meta information search message searches the general-purpose information storage unit 31 and converts the meta information search message into a sensing information search message will be described.

  When the cluster head CH1 confirms by the message interpretation means 21 that the message received from the external computer is a meta information search message (step I1), the meta information reference means 22 makes a meta information definition block from the meta information search message. And the cluster member having the meta information ME matching the sensing information attribute SA designated by the meta information definition block and the meta information ME related to the meta information MA is searched from the general-purpose information storage unit 31 (step I2).

  If the search is successful, the message conversion means 26 converts the meta information search message into a sensing information search message, and transmits the sensing information search message to one or a plurality of cluster members that have been successfully searched (Steps I3 and I3). I4). If the cluster member having the meta information ME that matches the meta information specified by the meta information definition block of the meta information search message cannot be searched, the meta information search message is discarded (step I5).

  Referring to the flowchart of FIG. 11, until the cluster member that has received the sensing information search message transmitted from the cluster head CH1 searches the general-purpose information storage unit 31 and converts the sensing information search message into a sensing information notification message. The operation of will be described.

  When the cluster member confirms by the message interpretation means 21 that the message received from the cluster head CH1 is a sensing information search message (step H1), the sensing information extraction means 23 extracts the sensing information definition block from the sensing information search message. The sensing information SE that matches the sensing information attribute SA designated by the reading and sensing information definition block is searched from the general-purpose information storage unit 31 (step H2). Sensing information SE related to the searched sensing information attribute SA is extracted (step H3), and the extracted sensing information SE is converted into a sensing information notification message by the message conversion means 26, and thereafter the sensing is performed by the cluster head CH1 that manages itself. An information notification message is transmitted (steps H4 and H5).

  Next, the effect of the second embodiment will be described.

  In the present embodiment, a plurality of sensor nodes individually store sensing information, send a search request for sensing information to all of the sensor nodes, and all the sensor nodes store the sensing information stored in the general-purpose information storage unit 31. Compared with the method of sequential verification, it is possible to realize a search for sensing information at a higher speed. This is because it is only necessary to form a plurality of sensor nodes in a cluster composed of at least one cluster head and at least one cluster member, and send a search request regarding meta information of sensing information only to the cluster head. Therefore, communication overhead can be reduced.

  Furthermore, since the cluster head does not transmit the search request to the cluster members that do not store the sensing information that matches the meta information included in the search request, it is possible to keep RTT (Round-Trip-Time) until the search response low.

  From the above, it is possible to retrieve desired sensing information from the sensor network system at high speed.

  A third embodiment will be described.

  In the second embodiment described above, the mode for performing a high-speed sensing information search inside the cluster has been described. In the third embodiment, a mode for performing high-speed sensing information search in a network topology given as a subset of a cluster mesh network topology called a cluster tree network topology including computers will be described. For example, in the third embodiment, as shown in FIG. 14, there is at least one computer Cmp100, at least one cluster head CH1, CH2, CH3 and at least one cluster member CM1, CM2, There is at least one cluster 1000 formed by the CM 3, and the cluster heads of all the clusters operate in a sensor network system that can directly communicate with the computer. Strictly speaking, the sensor network system of FIG. 14 does not have a cluster mesh type network topology configuration. This is because the cluster heads of all the clusters can directly communicate with the computer, and therefore, when the sensing information measured by the cluster members is transmitted to the computer, multi-hop communication that relays a plurality of cluster heads is not required. It is. In general, a network topology as shown in FIG. 14 is called a cluster tree type network topology. However, in the present invention, the cluster tree type network topology is considered as a subset of the cluster mesh type network topology, and in the third embodiment, a configuration for performing high-speed sensing information search in the cluster tree type network topology. The operation will be described.

  Referring to FIG. 12, the sensor node of the present embodiment includes a receiving device 1 that receives data by wired connection and wireless connection, a data processing device 2 that operates by program control, and a storage device 3 that stores information. And a transmission device 4 that transmits data by wired connection or wireless connection.

  The storage device 3 includes a general-purpose information storage unit 31 and a node information storage unit 32. The node information storage unit 32 stores a plurality of profiles including node-specific information. The profile includes basic information of nodes that can be communicated by relaying the nodes that can be directly communicated by the nodes searched by the peripheral search or the nodes that can directly communicate. The basic information included in the profile includes at least a node identification number ID, a node attribute NA, a cluster link information frame, a sensing information attribute number SANum, and a sensing information attribute SA.

  The node identification number ID designates the node identification number ID of the node that created the profile. The node attribute NA specifies whether the node that created the profile is a computer, a cluster head, or a cluster member.

  The cluster link information frame is variable length data. If the node that created the profile is the cluster head, the number of cluster members CMNum belonging to the cluster managed by the cluster head that created the profile and the node identification number IDs of the cluster members corresponding to the number of cluster members CMNum specify. On the other hand, if the node that created the profile is a cluster member, the cluster head number CHnum that manages the cluster to which the cluster member that created the profile belongs and the node identification number ID of the cluster head are specified. If the node that created the profile is a computer, the number of cluster heads CHnum that the computer that created the profile can communicate with and the node identification number ID of the cluster head are specified.

  The sensing information attribute SA specifies the type of sensing information that can be collected by the sensor device installed in the sensor node, and the sensing information attribute number SAnum specifies the number of sensing information attributes SA. That is, by referring to the sensing information attribute number SAnum and the sensing information attribute SA, the number and types of sensing information that can be measured by the sensor node can be specified. Since the computer is a device that collects sensing information, it is not equipped with a sensor device. Therefore, if the node that created the profile is a computer, the sensing information attribute number SAnum is explicitly designated as “0”, and the subsequent sensing information attribute SA is not designated. Further, when the computer does not have a storage unit specialized for profile management, such as the node information storage unit 32, the profile is stored in a storage device such as a main storage device and an auxiliary storage device that can be controlled from an application. (In the following description, it is assumed that the computer includes a node information management unit 32).

  In the following description, among the profiles stored in the node information storage unit 32 of the node, the profile of the node is explicitly referred to as “my profile”, and is distinguished from the profiles of nodes other than the node.

  The general-purpose information storage unit 31 can change the usage method of the storage area in a general-purpose manner based on the node attribute NA of the my profile stored in the node information storage unit 32. In the case of a cluster head, the general-purpose information storage unit 31 includes variable length data including a node identification number ID, a sensing information attribute SA, a meta information attribute MA, and meta information ME, and a sensing information attribute SA. And variable length data composed of sensing information SE. The sensing information SE is a data value of sensing information measured using a sensor device provided in the sensor node, and is stored in association with the sensing information attribute SA. The meta information ME is a data feature amount calculated from numerical data of the sensing information SE, and is stored in association with the node identification number ID, the sensing information attribute SA, and the meta information attribute MA. Examples of the meta information attribute MA include “maximum value, minimum value, average value, periodicity, abnormal data detection, measurement start time, measurement end time, and measurement position”.

  On the other hand, in the case of a cluster member, the general-purpose information storage unit 31 stores variable length data composed of the sensing information attribute SA and the sensing information SE.

  The data processing device 2 includes a message interpretation unit 21, a meta information reference unit 22, a sensing information extraction unit 23, a meta information registration unit 24, a sensing information return unit 25, and a message conversion unit 26.

  There are four types of messages used in this embodiment: “meta information search message”, “sensing information search message”, “meta information notification message”, and “sensing information notification message”. .

  The meta information search message is a message for searching the meta information ME specified by the meta information search message from the meta information ME stored in the general-purpose information storage unit 31 of the cluster head.

  The sensing information search message is a message for searching the sensing information SE specified by the sensing information search message from the sensing information SE stored in the general-purpose information storage unit 31 of the cluster head and the cluster member.

  The meta information notification message is a message for notifying the cluster head of the meta information ME calculated from the sensing information SE measured by the cluster member during a certain period. The sensing information notification message is a message for notifying the computer of sensing information measured by the cluster member.

  These four types of messages are configured by combining a “message definition block”, a “meta information definition block”, and a “sensing information definition block” shown in FIG.

  The message definition block is a part that defines the content of the message. The message type MsgT, the source node identification number SrcID, the destination node identification number DstID, the multihop count HOPnum, the multihop routing path history RIDHist, and the message survival. It is composed of a hop period TTL, a message length MgL, and a padding length PadL. The message type MsgT specifies the message type. The transmission source node identification number SrcID designates the node identification number ID of the message transmission source node. The destination node identification number DstID specifies the node identification number ID of the destination node of the message. The multi-hop count HOPnum specifies the number of nodes to be relayed before the message reaches the destination node. The multi-hop routing route history RIDHist designates the node identification number ID of the node that relays until the message reaches the destination node. The message lifetime hop period TTL is provided to prevent the message from forever looping inside the sensor network system, and specifies the maximum value of the multi-hop count HOPnum. Message length MgL specifies the total length of the message in bytes. If the message length MgL cannot be specified in bytes, depending on the message structure, an unused area is secured so that it can be specified in bytes, and “0” is written in the unused area (a number other than “0” may be used). ). The padding length PadL specifies the total length of the unused area in bits.

  The meta information definition block defines a meta information condition, and includes a sensing information attribute SA, a meta information attribute MA, and a meta information ME.

  The sensing information definition block is a part that defines conditions for sensing information, and includes a sensing information attribute SA and sensing information SE.

  A continuation flag F is described at the head of the message definition block, the meta information definition block, and the sensing information definition block. When a plurality of messages are continuously transmitted, a plurality of messages can be described in succession by enabling the continuation flag F in the message definition block. When describing a plurality of meta information definition blocks and sensing information definition blocks in one message, by enabling the continuation flag F at the beginning of the meta information definition block and the sensing information definition block, A meta information definition block and a sensing information definition block can be described.

  The message interpretation unit 21 analyzes the message definition block of the message received by the receiving device 1, and sends the received message to the meta information reference unit 22, the sensing information extraction unit 23, the meta information registration unit 24, or the sensing information return It is determined whether or not to pass to the means 25.

  The meta information reference unit 22 processes the meta information search message received from the message interpretation unit 21. With reference to the meta information ME held in the general information storage unit 31, the meta information search message searches for the meta information ME specified in the meta information definition block. Thereafter, the meta information search message is delivered to the message conversion means 26.

  The sensing information extraction unit 23 processes the sensing information search message received from the message interpretation unit 21. With reference to the sensing information SE held in the general-purpose storage unit 31, the sensing information SE specified by the sensing information definition block in the sensing information definition block is extracted. Thereafter, the sensing information search message and the extracted sensing information SE are delivered to the message conversion means 26.

  The meta information registration unit 24 processes the meta information notification message received from the message interpretation unit 21. A storage area in which the general information storage unit 31 is searched and the meta information notification message stores the node identification number ID, the sensing information attribute SA, and the meta information attribute MA specified by the message definition block and the meta information definition block Search for. Thereafter, the meta information ME specified by the meta information notification message is registered by updating the already written meta information ME, or newly registering the meta information ME by securing a storage area.

  The sensing information return means 25 processes the sensing information notification message received from the message interpretation means 21. The sensing information notification message refers to the destination node identification number DstID specified in the message definition block and the multi-hop routing route history RIDHist, and identifies the node identification number ID of the node that relays the sensing information notification message next. . Thereafter, the sensing information notification message is transferred to the message conversion means 26.

  The message conversion means 26 converts the meta information search message received from the meta information reference means 22 into a sensing information search message, converts the sensing information search message received from the sensing information extraction means 23 into a sensing information notification message, and detects sensing information. The sensing information notification message received from the return means 24 is converted into a new sensing information notification message.

  Next, the operation of the third embodiment will be described.

  First, with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 15, an operation from when a node arranged in the environment constructs a cluster tree type network topology as shown in FIG. 14 and registers a profile in the node information storage unit 32 will be described. .

  When a node is placed in the environment, it performs a peripheral search to form a cluster tree network topology as shown in FIG. In the cluster tree type network topology as shown in FIG. 14, all the cluster heads CH1, CH2, and CH3 exist within the signal reach of the computer Cmp100, and each of these cluster heads CH1, CH2, and CH3 directly communicate with each other. Configured when it is not possible.

  When the network topology is established, a communication link is established between the cluster head and the plurality of cluster members (for example, the cluster head CH1 and the plurality of cluster members CM1, CM2, and CM3), and mutual communication is possible. The cluster heads CH1, CH2, and CH3 establish a communication link to enable mutual communication (step A1). In order to create a My Profile, the node extracts the node identification number ID and the sensing information attribute SA from the nonvolatile memory, determines the node attribute NA and the cluster link information frame from the network topology, My profile is created (the detailed configuration of the profile will be described later) and stored in the node information storage unit 32 (step A2). In the following description, only the cluster head CH1 of the cluster 1000 and a plurality of cluster members CM1, CM2, and CM3 are described.

  Next, the cluster members CM1, CM2, and CM3 transmit the My Profile stored in the node information storage unit 32 in Step A2 to the cluster head CH1 (Step A3), and the My Profiles of the cluster members CM1, CM2, and CM3 are transmitted. The received cluster head CH1 stores the my profile of the cluster members CM1, CM2, and CM3 in the node information storage unit 32 (steps A4 and A5). That is, the computer Cmp100 and the cluster members CM1, CM2, and CM3 hold only the My Profile, and the cluster head CH1 has the My Profile and the My Profile of the cluster member received from the Cluster Members CM1, CM2, and CM3. Keep multiple profiles.

  Referring to the flowchart of FIG. 16, the meta information ME is calculated from the sensing information SE measured by the cluster head CH1 and the cluster members CM1, CM2, and CM3, and the cluster members CM1, CM2, and CM3 are notified by the meta information notification message. An operation of notifying the head CH1 of the meta information ME and an operation of the cluster head CH1 registering the meta information in the general-purpose information storage unit 31 will be described.

  Generally, a sensor node performs sensing information measurement by intermittent control. The sensor node uses an internal timer (different from the “radio clock” of the sensor device) (corresponding to “timer verification” in FIG. 16), and a measurement time TS (for example, in seconds) assigned to measurement of sensing information. Measurement of sensing information is performed at a sampling period smpt (for example, given in seconds). In other words, the sensor node is in a time other than the measurement time TS (referred to as non-measurement time T) to enter a sleep state in order to reduce communication work with peripheral computers, cluster heads, and cluster members, or power consumption. The sensing information SE is measured by “TS ÷ smpt [times]” in the time slot of the measurement time TS, which is assigned to work other than measurement work such as migration (see FIG. 8). The measurement time TS, the sampling period smpt, and the non-measurement time T are often determined depending on the application.

  The cluster members CM1, CM2, and CM3 are initialized by dividing the general-purpose information storage unit 31 in advance into storage areas corresponding to the number of sensing information attributes SAnum of My Profile in order to efficiently store the sensing information SE. (Step B1). Each divided storage area stores sensing information attribute SA and a plurality of sensing information SE measured over TS / smpt [times] (steps B3 and B4). When the measurement time TS ends, the cluster members CM1, CM2, and CM3 calculate the meta information ME from the sensing information SE in the general-purpose information storage unit 31 based on the meta information attribute MA previously associated with the sensing information attribute SA. (Step B5). A meta information notification message including the meta information ME calculated in step B10 is created, and the meta information notification message is transmitted to the cluster head CH1 (step B6).

  On the other hand, the cluster head CH1 includes a storage area (referred to as a meta information storage area) for storing the meta information ME included in the meta information notification message received from the cluster members CM1, CM2, and CM3, and the cluster head CH1 itself. The general-purpose information storage unit 31 is initialized by dividing it into a storage area for storing the sensing information SE to be measured (referred to as a sensing information storage area) (step B1). Since the cluster head CH1 preferentially stores the meta information ME, when the number of cluster members to be managed is large and a sufficient storage area for the meta information ME cannot be secured in the general-purpose information storage unit 31, the sensing information SE is measured. It does not have to be. Like the cluster member, the cluster head CH1 senses the sensing information attribute SA and the plurality of sensing information SE measured over TS / smpt [times] in steps B3 and B4 in the general-purpose information storage unit 31. Store in the information storage area. Next, in step B3 and step B4, the meta information ME is calculated from the registered sensing information SE and stored in the meta information storage area of the general-purpose information storage unit 31 (step B7).

  Next, when the cluster head CH1 confirms that the message received from the cluster members CM1, CM2, and CM3 is a meta information notification message by the message interpretation unit 21, the meta information registration unit 24 converts the meta information notification message from the meta information notification message. Information is extracted and stored in the meta information storage area of the general-purpose information storage unit 31 (steps B8 and B9).

  Subsequently, referring to the flowchart of FIG. 17, the cluster head CH1 that has received the meta information search message transmitted from the computer Cmp100 searches the general-purpose information storage unit 31, and converts the meta information search message into a sensing information search message. The operation up to is described.

  The computer Cmp100 generates a meta information search message and transmits the meta information search message to all of the cluster heads that can be directly communicated described in the cluster link information frame of the my profile. When the cluster head CH1 confirms by the message interpreting means 21 that the message received from the computer Cmp100 is a meta information search message (step C1), the meta head is referred to by the meta information reference means 22 from the meta information search message. The cluster member having the meta information ME that matches the meta information ME related to the reading and the sensing information attribute SA designated by the meta information definition block and the meta information MA is searched from the general-purpose information storage unit 31 (step C2).

  When the search is successful, the sensing information definition block is read from the meta information search message, and whether the sensing information attribute SA specified by the sensing information definition block is included in the sensing information attribute SA of the profile of the cluster member that has been successfully searched. Search is performed (step C3). When the profile of the cluster member that has been successfully searched contains the sensing information attribute SA specified by the sensing information definition block, the message conversion means 26 converts the meta information search message into a sensing information search message, and the search is successful. A sensing information search message is transmitted to one or a plurality of cluster members (steps C4 and C5).

  When the cluster member having the meta information ME that matches the meta information specified by the meta information definition block of the meta information search message cannot be searched, and even if the search is successful, the meta information is included in the profile of the cluster member that has been searched successfully. When the sensing information attribute SA specified by the sensing information definition block of the search message is not included, the meta information search message is discarded (step C6).

  Referring to the flowchart of FIG. 18, the cluster member that has received the sensing information search message transmitted from cluster head CH1 searches general information storage unit 31 and converts the sensing information search message into a sensing information notification message. The operation of will be described.

  When the cluster member confirms by the message interpretation means 21 that the message received from the cluster head CH1 is a sensing information search message (step D1), the sensing information extraction means 23 extracts the sensing information definition block from the sensing information search message. The sensing information SE that matches the sensing information attribute SA specified by the reading and sensing information definition block is searched from the general-purpose information storage unit 31 (step D2). Sensing information SE related to the searched sensing information attribute SA is extracted (step D3), and the extracted sensing information SE is converted into a sensing information notification message by the message conversion means 26, and then the sensing is performed by the cluster head CH1 that manages itself. An information notification message is transmitted (steps D4 and D5).

  Referring to the flowchart of FIG. 19, the cluster head CH1 that has received the sensing information notification message transmitted from the cluster head CH1 or the cluster members CM1, CM2, and CM3 converts the sensing information notification message into a new sensing information notification message. The operation until conversion will be described.

  When the cluster head CH1 confirms by the message interpretation means 21 that the message received from the cluster head CH1 or the cluster member is a sensing information notification message (step E1), the sensing information return means 24 causes the sensing information return message 24 to The message definition block is read, and the destination computer identification number DstID, the multihop count HOPnum, and the multihop routing route history RIDHist are referred to, and the computer or cluster head to which the sensing information notification message is next transmitted is specified ( Step E2).

  Thereafter, the message conversion means 26 deletes its own node identification number ID from the multi-hop routing route history RIDHist specified by the message definition block of the sensing information notification message, and decrements the multi-hop count HOPnum by “1”. A new sensing information notification message is generated, and the new sensing information notification message is transmitted to the computer or cluster head specified in step E2 (steps E3 and E4).

  When the computer Cmp100 receives the sensing information notification message, the sensing information SE corresponding to the meta information search message transmitted to the cluster head capable of direct communication in FIG. The information SE is extracted and the sensing information notification message is discarded. Further, when this method is used, the multihop count HOPnum of the sensing information notification message reaching the computer is always “0”, and the node identification number ID of the computer is described in the destination node identification number DstID. Become.

  Next, the effect of this embodiment will be described.

  In the present embodiment, all sensor nodes respond to a search request for sensing information transmitted by a computer, and all sensor nodes compare with a method of sequentially verifying sensing information stored in the general-purpose information storage unit 31. High-speed sensing information search. This is because by using a search request related to meta information of sensing information, the computer need only transmit the search request to the cluster head that centrally manages the meta information, thereby reducing communication overhead. Furthermore, since the cluster head does not transmit a search request to a cluster member that does not conform to the search request, RTT (Round-Trip-Time) until the search response can be kept low. From the above, the computer can retrieve desired sensing information from the sensor network system at high speed.

  A fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  In the third embodiment described above, all the cluster heads exist within the signal reach of the computer. However, the facility scale of the sensor network system is generally larger than the signal reach of the computer. It is necessary that a plurality of cluster heads relay a meta information retrieval message transmitted from a computer to a cluster head arranged outside the signal reach of the computer by multihop relay. That is, a sensing information search method in a sensor network system that forms a cluster mesh network topology is required.

  The cluster head arranged in the sensor network system repeatedly transmits the meta information search message to all the cluster heads capable of direct communication, thereby searching the meta information stored in all the cluster heads of the sensor network system. The method is inefficient from the viewpoint of communication overhead, and it takes a long time to search for sensing information.

  Therefore, in the fourth embodiment of the present invention, it is not necessary to transmit the meta information search message to the terminal cluster head, and the method of returning the sensing information notification message to the computer through the shortest path reduces the communication overhead. An example in which sensing information specified by a meta information search message can be collected at high speed also in a sensor network system having a cluster mesh network topology will be described.

  Referring to FIG. 20, in the fourth embodiment of the present invention, the second embodiment shown in FIG. 12 is provided between the receiver 1 and the transmitter 4 independently of the message transmission / reception operation. The profile sharing means 27 and the meta information integration means 28 are added to the data processing apparatus 2 in the form of the above, the meta information reference means 22, the sensing information extraction means 23, the sensing information return means 25, and the message conversion means 26. Are different in that message transfer means 29 is added.

  In the fourth embodiment of the present invention, when the cluster head has only one cluster head that can directly communicate, the cluster head is referred to as a terminal cluster head (hereinafter, abbreviated as TCH in some cases). is there).

  The profile sharing means 27 sends the My Profile to the computer and cluster head that can communicate directly with the computer, and sends the My Profile to all the cluster heads that can communicate directly with the cluster head and the terminating cluster head. The cluster profile transmits the My Profile to the only cluster head that can communicate directly and the My Profile of the cluster member managed by the terminal cluster head. The computer and cluster head store the received plurality of profiles in the node information storage unit 32, and the terminal cluster head stores the received only profile in the node information storage unit 32.

  The meta information integration unit 28 registers the meta information ME calculated from the sensing information SE stored in the general-purpose information storage unit 31 by the terminal cluster head in the cluster head by the meta information notification message, and receives the terminal cluster head from the cluster member. The registered meta information registration message is transferred to the cluster head and registered.

  The message transfer unit 29 processes the meta information search message received from the meta information reference unit 22, the sensing information search message received from the sensing information extraction unit 23, and the sensing information notification message received from the sensing information return unit 25. . When the received message is a meta information search message, all of the cluster heads that can be directly communicated are extracted by referring to the node information storage unit 32 (excluding the terminal cluster head) and transferred to the cluster head that can be directly communicated. When the received message is a sensing information search message, the terminal cluster head transfers the sensing information search message to the cluster member. If the received message is a sensing information notification message, refer to the node information storage unit 32, extract all the cluster heads that can communicate directly, and collate with the multihop routing route history RIDHist in the message definition block of the meta information notification message. Then, the meta information notification message is transferred to the destination node identification number DstID through the shortest path.

  Next, the operation of the fourth embodiment will be described in detail.

  The operation of the fourth embodiment operates in a sensor network system having a cluster mesh network topology as shown in FIG. The computer interconnects with the cluster head within the signal reach, and the cluster head interconnects with the cluster head within the signal reach, so the computer relays the cluster head and multiple cluster heads located outside the signal reach By doing so, communication becomes possible.

  The operation of the sensor node in the present embodiment indicated by steps A1 and A3-A5 in FIG. 22 is the same as the operation of the sensor node in the embodiment shown in FIG.

  In step A2, the my profile of the terminal cluster head is composed of a node identification number ID, a node attribute NA, a cluster link information frame, and a sensing information attribute SA, as in the cluster head. The node attribute NA is given a value different from that of the cluster head. The computer transmits the generated my profile to a computer / cluster head capable of direct communication (step A6), and the cluster head transmits the generated my profile to the cluster head / terminal cluster head (step A7). The computer receives the my profile transmitted from the different computer and stores it in the node information storage unit 32 (step A8), and the cluster head receives the my profile transmitted from the computer and the different cluster head. The terminal cluster head receives the my profile transmitted from the only cluster head capable of direct communication and stores it in the node information storage unit 32 (step A9). A10). Thereafter, the terminal cluster head transmits the My Profile and the My Profile of the cluster member managed by itself to the only cluster head capable of direct communication (Step 11). The cluster head stores the my profile of the terminal cluster head received from the terminal cluster head and the my profile of the cluster member managed by the terminal cluster head in the node information storage unit 32 (step A12). Steps A 6 -A 12 are executed by the profile sharing means 27.

  The operation of the sensor node in this embodiment shown by B2-B9 in FIG. 23 is the same as the operation of the sensor node in the embodiment shown in FIG. Since the terminal cluster head does not manage the meta information ME, in the initialization of the general-purpose information storage unit 31 in step B1, all the storage areas are used for storing the sensing information SE as in the cluster member. The terminal cluster member calculates meta information ME in step B10 from the sensing information SE stored in the general-purpose information storage unit 31 in step B3 and step B4 (step B10 is the same processing as step B5), and step B11. The meta information notification message including the meta information ME is transmitted to the only cluster head capable of direct communication (step B11 is the same process as step B6).

  Next, the terminal cluster head transmits the meta information notification message received from the cluster member managed by itself to the only cluster head capable of direct communication by the meta information integration unit 28 (step B12).

  The operation of the sensor node in this embodiment indicated by C1-C5 in FIG. 24 is the same as the operation of the sensor node in the embodiment shown in FIG. In the second embodiment, when the cluster head that has received the meta information search message fails in the search operation in either step C2 or step C3, the meta information search message is discarded in step C6. In the present invention, the message transfer means 29 refers to the profile stored in the node information storage unit 32 and transfers the meta information search message to the cluster heads excluding the terminal cluster head (step C7).

  The operation of the sensor node in this embodiment indicated by D1-D5 in FIG. 25 is the same as the operation of the sensor node in the embodiment shown in FIG. In the second embodiment, the nodes that receive the sensing information search message are limited to cluster members. In the present invention, the terminal cluster head also receives the sensing information search message. Therefore, when the terminal cluster head receives the sensing information search message, the destination node identification number DstID specified in the sensing information search message is verified, and if it is a cluster member managed by the destination node identification number DstID, message transfer means 29, the sensing information search message is transferred to the corresponding cluster member (step D6).

  The operation of the sensor node in this embodiment indicated by E1-E4 in FIG. 26 is the same as the operation of the sensor node in the embodiment shown in FIG. The cluster head that has received the sensing information notification message receives the destination node identification number DstID of the message definition block of the sensing information notification message, the multihop routing route history RIDHist, and a computer capable of direct communication stored in the node information storage unit 32. If the profile of the computer / cluster head that can return the sensing information notification message to the destination node identification number DstID by the shortest path is stored with reference to the plurality of / cluster head profiles, the message transfer means 29 applies A sensing information notification message is transferred to the computer / cluster head (step E5).

  Next, the effect of the 4th Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated.

  In the best mode for carrying out the present invention, meta information ME of a terminal cluster head and cluster members managed by the terminal cluster head is transmitted to the only cluster head capable of direct communication by a meta information notification message. As a result, the only cluster head capable of directly communicating with the terminal cluster head that has received the meta information search message searches the general-purpose information storage unit 31 of the terminal cluster head and the cluster managed by the terminal cluster head. It becomes possible to search for meta information of members. In other words, if the meta information specified by the meta information search message cannot be searched on the cluster head, the cluster head does not need to transfer the meta information search message to the terminal cluster head, and communication overhead can be reduced. . Further, the cluster head that has received the sensing information notification message transfers the sensing information notification message to the destination node identification number DstID through the shortest path by transferring the sensing information notification message to a computer / cluster head that can directly communicate with the cluster head. To do. With the above two ideas, there is an effect that the sensing information is retrieved at high speed from the sensor network system having the cluster mesh network topology.

  A first embodiment of the present invention will be described. Example 1 is an example corresponding to the first embodiment.

  This embodiment will be described using the sensor network system shown in FIG. The sensor network system is composed of one cluster 1000. The cluster 1000 includes a cluster head CH1, a cluster member CM11, a cluster member CM12, and a cluster member CM13. In the process until the cluster 1000 is formed, the four sensor nodes perform a search for surrounding sensor nodes capable of direct communication every predetermined period, and determine the role of each sensor node such as the cluster head and the cluster member. To do. In this process, the cluster head CH1 recognizes the node identification number of the cluster member by the link level protocol, and similarly, the cluster members CM11, CM12, CM13 recognize the node identification number of the cluster head CH1 by the link level protocol.

  The cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13 can be equipped with a plurality of sensor devices, for example, “temperature sensor, humidity sensor, illuminance sensor, infrared sensor, camera sensor, microphone, radio clock, GPS” as sensor devices. , "Temperature measurement value, humidity measurement value, illuminance measurement value, infrared measurement value, image measurement value, audio measurement value, absolute time measurement value, absolute position measurement value" correspond to the sensing information SE measured from these sensor devices To do.

  The sensing information attribute SA is a parameter for designating the type of sensing information SE such as “temperature, humidity, illuminance, infrared ray, image, sound, absolute time, absolute position” (actually, the sensing information attribute SA Is defined by including the unit system, that is, the sensing information attribute SA is different between the temperature [° C.] and the temperature [K]), and is given as an 8-bit bit string. Since it is determined depending on the sensing information attribute SA, the cluster head and the cluster member need to store the data length of the sensing information SE corresponding to the sensing information attribute SA.

  In the present embodiment, for specific explanation, the cluster member CM11, the cluster member CM12, and the cluster member CM13 are three units of “temperature sensor”, “humidity sensor”, and “radio clock”. (However, in the present invention, all sensor nodes need not be equipped with the same type and the same number of sensors).

  The cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13 perform sensing information measurement at a sampling period smpt during the measurement time TS allocated to sensing information measurement. For example, when the measurement time is “TS = 60 [seconds] and the sampling cycle is“ smpt = 5 [seconds] ”, the cluster member CM11 has“ temperature sensor ”,“ humidity sensor ”,“ radio clock ”, The measurement of “60/5 = 12 [times]” is executed using the three sensor devices, and the sensing information is stored in the general-purpose information management flash memory as shown in FIG. In FIG. 27, the temperature is stored in units of [° C.], the humidity is stored in units of [%], and the absolute time is stored in the “hour: minute: second” format. The cluster members CM12 and CM13 also store the sensing information in the general-purpose information management flash memory in the same manner as the cluster member CM11. The cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13 are old if the storage area corresponding to the sensing information attribute SA is used up or the remaining capacity of the storage area corresponding to the sensing information attribute SA is insufficient to store the sensing information SE. Overwrite the sensing information SE and continue saving.

  Next, the cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13 transmit the node identification number ID and the sensing information attribute SA uniquely assigned according to the type of the mounted sensor device to the cluster head CH1 by a meta information notification message.

  Symbols used in the three types of messages `` Sensing information search message '', `` Meta information notification message '', and `` Sensing information notification message '' used in this example, the data length of the symbol, the meaning of the symbol, FIG. 29 shows a correspondence table between the message type MgT and the bit string.

  The meta information notification message is composed of a message definition block and a meta information definition block, and is given in the format shown in FIG. 54. Therefore, the meta information notification message transmitted from the cluster member CM 11 to the cluster head CH1 is shown in FIG. Given. Sensing information attribute SA7 bit of “temperature” (“sensing information attribute SA = 0000000”), “humidity” (“sensing information attribute SA = 0000001”), and “absolute time” (“sensing information attribute SA = 00000110”) 59, since the total length of the meta information registration message shown in FIG. 59 is “91 bits = 12 bytes−5 bits”, “message length MgL = 000001100” and “padding length = 101” are set.

  In this embodiment, since the sensor network system as shown in FIG. 53 is handled, the message survival hop period TTL may be “1”. Eventually, 4-bit padding (an arbitrary value may be entered) is added to the tail of the meta information notification message given in FIG. 59, and transmitted to the cluster head CH1. The cluster member CM12 and CM13 execute the same operation as above.

  On the other hand, when receiving the meta information notification message from the cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13, the cluster head CH1 refers to “message type MgT = 0010” in the message definition block of the meta information notification message, and converts the received message to the meta information notification message. Confirm that it is an information notification message. For example, if “source node identification number = 0000-0000-0000-1011” in the message definition block of the received meta information notification message, the meta information notification message transmitted by the cluster member CM 11 can be confirmed. The node identification number ID (CM11) of the cluster member CM11 and the sensing information attribute SA included in the meta information definition block are stored in the general-purpose information management flash memory (see FIG. 60).

  Next, when the meta information registration message is received from the cluster member CM 11, the node identification number ID and the sensing information attribute SA included in the meta information definition block are referred to and stored in the general-purpose information management flash memory of FIG. All node identification numbers ID are compared with the sensing information attribute SA. If the node identification number ID included in the received meta information notification message, the node identification number ID that matches the sensing information attribute SA, and the sensing information attribute SA are found in the general-purpose information management flash memory, the process is not executed. If the matching node identification number ID and sensing information attribute SA cannot be found in the general-purpose information management flash memory, they are added to the general-purpose information management flash memory and stored.

  Next, the cluster head CH1 that has received the sensing information search message for searching for the sensing information SE stored in the cluster member CM11, the cluster member CM12, or the cluster member CM13 has a sensing information attribute specified by the sensing information search message. A method for specifying a cluster member that stores sensing information matching the above will be described.

  The sensing information search message includes a message definition block and a sensing information definition block, and is given in a format as shown in FIG. For example, when requesting sensing information SE related to humidity from a cluster member arranged in the sensor network system, the sensing information search message is as shown in FIG.

  The cluster head CH1 that has received the sensing information search message refers to “message type MgT = 0001” in the message definition block of the sensing information search message and confirms that the received message is the sensing information search message.

  The cluster head CH1 that has received the sensing information search message first refers to the sensing information attribute SA described in the sensing information definition block of the sensing information search message (if the continuation flag F is valid, it is described continuously. All sensing information attributes SA are referred to).

  Next, referring to the general-purpose information management flash memory, a cluster member CM that matches the sensing information attribute SA described in the sensing information definition block of the sensing information search message is specified (if the continuation flag F is valid, the cluster information is continuously The cluster member CM satisfying all the sensing information attributes SA described in the above is specified). Since the general-purpose information management flash memory of the cluster head CH1 is as shown in FIG. 65, it can be seen that it is a sensor node that measures the humidity specified by the sensing information search message received by the cluster member CM11.

  Therefore, the cluster head CH1 changes the source node identification number SrcID, the destination node identification number DstID, and the multi-hop count HOPnum of the received sensing information search message, converts it to a new sensing information search message, and converts it into a cluster member. Send to CM11. The sensing information search message includes a message definition block and a sensing information definition block, and is given in a format as shown in FIG.

  Next, the cluster member CM11 that has received the sensing information search message from the cluster head CH1 extracts the sensing information specified by the sensing information search message from the general-purpose information management flash memory, and sets it to the source node identification number SrcID of the sensing information search message. A method for returning sensing information will be described.

  The cluster member CM 11 that has received the sensing information search message sends “humidity” (“sensing information attribute SA = 0000001”) specified in the sensing information definition block by the sensing information search message from the general-purpose information management flash memory shown in FIG. After that, the sensing information search message is converted into a sensing information notification message. The sensing information notification message is composed of a message definition block and a sensing information definition block, and is given in the format shown in FIG. In the sensing information notification message, the node identification number ID described in the transmission source node identification number SrcID of the sensing information search message received by the cluster member CM11 is described in the destination node identification number DstID, and the node in the transmission source node identification number SrcID. The identification number ID (CM11) is described. Thereafter, “humidity” (“sensing information attribute SA = 0000001”) extracted from the general-purpose information management flash memory of the cluster member CM11 is described in the sensing information SE of the sensing information definition block, and “message length MgL = 00010110” is described. , “Padding length PadL = 011” is newly set as shown in FIG. The cluster member CM11 transmits a sensing information notification message to the cluster head CH1.

  A second embodiment of the present invention will be described. Example 2 is an example corresponding to the second embodiment.

  In this embodiment, description will be made using the sensor network system shown in FIG. The sensor network system is composed of one cluster 1000. The cluster 1000 includes a cluster head CH1, a cluster member CM11, a cluster member CM12, and a cluster member CM13. In the process until the cluster 1000 is formed, the four sensor nodes perform a search for surrounding sensor nodes capable of direct communication every predetermined period, and determine the role of each sensor node such as the cluster head and the cluster member. To do. In this process, the cluster head CH1 recognizes the node identification number of the cluster member by the link level protocol, and similarly, the cluster members CM11, CM12, CM13 recognize the node identification number of the cluster head CH1 by the link level protocol.

  The cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13 can be equipped with a plurality of sensor devices, for example, “temperature sensor, humidity sensor, illuminance sensor, infrared sensor, camera sensor, microphone, radio clock, GPS” as sensor devices. , "Temperature measurement value, humidity measurement value, illuminance measurement value, infrared measurement value, image measurement value, audio measurement value, absolute time measurement value, absolute position measurement value" correspond to the sensing information SE measured from these sensor devices To do.

  The sensing information attribute SA is a parameter for designating the type of sensing information SE such as “temperature, humidity, illuminance, infrared ray, image, sound, absolute time, absolute position” (actually, the sensing information attribute SA Is defined by including the unit system, that is, the sensing information attribute SA is different between the temperature [° C.] and the temperature [K]), and is given as an 8-bit bit string. Since it is determined depending on the sensing information attribute SA, the cluster head and the cluster member need to store the data length of the sensing information SE corresponding to the sensing information attribute SA.

  In the present embodiment, for specific explanation, the cluster member CM11, the cluster member CM12, and the cluster member CM13 are three units of “temperature sensor”, “humidity sensor”, and “radio clock”. (However, in the present invention, all sensor nodes need not be equipped with the same type and the same number of sensors).

  The cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13 perform sensing information measurement at a sampling period smpt during the measurement time TS allocated to sensing information measurement. For example, when the measurement time is “TS = 60 [seconds] and the sampling cycle is“ smpt = 5 [seconds] ”, the cluster member CM11 has“ temperature sensor ”,“ humidity sensor ”,“ radio clock ”, The measurement of “60/5 = 12 [times]” is executed using the three sensor devices, and the sensing information is stored in the general-purpose information management flash memory as shown in FIG. In FIG. 27, the temperature is stored in units of [° C.], the humidity is stored in units of [%], and the absolute time is stored in the “hour: minute: second” format. The cluster members CM12 and CM13 also store the sensing information in the general-purpose information management flash memory in the same manner as the cluster member CM11. The cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13 are old if the storage area corresponding to the sensing information attribute SA is used up or the remaining capacity of the storage area corresponding to the sensing information attribute SA is insufficient to store the sensing information SE. Overwrite the sensing information SE and continue saving.

  Next, the cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13 calculate meta information ME from the sensing information SE stored in the general-purpose information management flash memory. The meta information ME is calculated during the non-measurement time T (see FIG. 8) after the measurement time “TS = 60 [seconds]”, and is transmitted to the cluster head CH1 by the meta information notification message.

  The meta information attribute MA is given as a 4-bit bit string, and the correspondence between the meta information attribute MA and the bit string is as shown in FIG. The meta information attribute MA includes “maximum value, minimum value, average value, periodicity, abnormal data detection, measurement start time, measurement end time, measurement position” and the like, and the meta information attribute MA is a sensing information attribute SA. Is associated.

  In this embodiment, in the case of “temperature” (“sensing information attribute SA = 0000000”) and “humidity” (“sensing information attribute SA = 0000001”), the meta information attribute MA to be calculated is “maximum value” (” An example in which meta information attribute MA = 0000 “),“ minimum value ”(“ meta information attribute MA = 0001 ”), and“ average value ”(“ meta information attribute MA = 0010 ”) will be described. In the case of “absolute time” (“sensing information attribute SA = 0000110”), the meta information attribute MA to be calculated is “measurement start time” (“meta information attribute MA = 0101”) and “measurement end time” ( An example of “meta information attribute MA = 0110”) will be described. The association between the sensing information attribute SA and the meta information attribute ME is managed by a control program (software) for executing sensor node control and is variable. Therefore, “abnormal data detection” (“meta information attribute MA = 0100”) can be added to “temperature” (“sensing information attribute SA = 0000000”) for association.

  When the measurement time TS ends and the sensing information SE is stored in the general-purpose information management flash memory of the cluster member CM11 as shown in FIG. 27, the meta information related to “temperature” (“sensing information attribute SA = 0000000”). In ME, “maximum value” (“meta information attribute MA = 0000”) is “32”, “minimum value” (“meta information attribute MA = 0001”) is “26”, and “average value” (“meta” The information attribute MA = 0010 “) becomes“ (28 + 26 + 32 + 31 + 30 + 29 + 29 + 28 + 31 + 30 + 29 + 26) / 12 = 29 ”. Similarly, in the meta information ME related to “humidity” (“sensing information attribute SA = 0000001”), “maximum value” (“meta information attribute MA = 0000”) becomes “72”, and “minimum value” (“meta information”). The attribute MA = 0001 ") is" 58 ", and the" average value "(" meta information attribute MA = 0010 ") is" (65 + 60 + 58 + 62 + 63 + 63 + 63 + 60 + 72 + 68 + 66 + 64) / 12 = 64 ". On the other hand, the meta information ME related to “absolute time” (“sensing information attribute SA = 0000110”) has “measurement start time” (“meta information attribute MA = 0101”) “13:27:00” The “end time” (“meta information attribute MA = 0110”) becomes “13:27:55”.

  Next, the cluster member CM 11 creates a meta information notification message using the calculated meta information ME. Symbols used in the four types of messages, “Meta information search message”, “Sensing information search message”, “Meta information notification message”, and “Sensing information notification message” used in this embodiment, FIG. 29 shows the data length and the meaning of the symbol, and FIG. 30 shows a correspondence table between the message type MgT and the bit string.

  Since the meta information notification message is composed of a message definition block and a meta information definition block and is given in the format as shown in FIG. 31, the meta information notification message transmitted from the cluster member CM 11 to the cluster head CH1 is shown in FIG. Given. Sensing information SE of “temperature” (“sensing information attribute SA = 0000000”) and “humidity” (“sensing information attribute SA = 0000001”) is measured with a resolution of 7 bits, and “absolute time” (“sensing information attribute” When the sensing information SE of SA = 0000110 “) is measured with a resolution of 15 bits, the total length of the meta information registration message shown in FIG. 32 is“ 195 bits = 25 bytes−4 bits ”, so the message length MgL = 00011001 “And” “padding length = 100” is set. Since the multi-hop routing path history RIDHist enters the node identification number ID of the node that relays the message every time the message relays the node, the cluster member CM11 first transmits the meta information registration message to the cluster head CH1. It will be blank.

  In this embodiment, since the sensor network system as shown in FIG. 1 is handled, the message survival hop period TTL may be “1”. Eventually, 4-bit padding (an arbitrary value may be entered) is added to the tail of the meta information notification message given in FIG. 32, and transmitted to the cluster head CH1. The cluster member CM12 and CM13 execute the same operation as above.

  On the other hand, when receiving the meta information notification message from the cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13, the cluster head CH1 refers to “message type MgT = 0010” in the message definition block of the meta information notification message, and converts the received message to the meta information notification message. Confirm that it is an information notification message. For example, if “source node identification number = 0000-0000-0000-1011” in the message definition block of the received meta information notification message, the meta information notification message transmitted by the cluster member CM 11 can be confirmed. The node identification number ID (CM11) of the cluster member CM11 and the meta information definition block are stored in the general-purpose information management flash memory (see FIG. 33). Each time the meta information registration message is received from the cluster member CM 11, the meta information ME in FIG. 33 is overwritten and registered. When the meta information ME other than the meta information ME (for example, meta information ME for detecting abnormal data related to temperature) stored in FIG. 33 is received from the cluster member CM 11, a new node identification number ID ( CM 11) and the meta information definition block are added to and saved in the general-purpose information management flash memory.

  Next, the cluster head CH1 that has received the meta information search message for searching the sensing information SE stored in the cluster member CM11, the cluster member CM12, or the cluster member CM13 matches the specified condition of the meta information search message. A method for specifying a cluster member that stores sensing information will be described.

  The meta information search message is composed of a message definition block, a meta information definition block, and a sensing information definition block, and is given in the format shown in FIG. For example, from a sensor network system, sensing is performed on the humidity of a cluster member in an environment where the maximum temperature is 30 [° C.] to 33 [° C.] and the average humidity is 60 [%] to 65 [%]. When requesting information SE, the meta information search message is as shown in FIG. In the meta information search message, the meta information ME following the meta information attribute MA of the meta information definition block continuously describes the lower limit value and the upper limit value so that the range of the value of the meta information ME can be specified.

  The cluster head CH1 that has received the meta information search message refers to “message type MgT = 0000” in the message definition block of the meta information search message and confirms that the received message is a meta information search message.

  The cluster head CH1 that has received the meta information search message first refers to the sensing information attribute SA, the meta information attribute MA, and the meta information ME described in the meta information definition block of the meta information search message (continuation flag F When is effective, all sensing information attributes SA, meta information attributes MA, and meta information ME described in succession are referred to).

  Next, referring to the general-purpose information management flash memory, cluster member CMs matching the sensing information attribute SA, the meta information attribute MA, and the meta information ME described in the meta information definition block of the meta information search message are displayed. Identify (if the continuation flag F is valid, identify cluster member CMs that satisfy all the sensing information attributes SA, meta information attributes MA, and meta information ME described in succession). Since the general-purpose information management flash memory of the cluster head CH1 is as shown in FIG. 20, it can be seen that the conditions regarding the meta information ME of the temperature and humidity specified by the meta information search message received by the cluster head CH1 are satisfied. .

  Therefore, the cluster head CH1 converts the meta information search message into a sensing information search message and transmits it to the cluster member CM11. The sensing information search message includes a message definition block and a sensing information definition block, and is given in a format as shown in FIG.

  The sensing information retrieval message is “metahop number HOPnum = 00000001” of the meta information retrieval message received by the cluster head CH1 and “multihop number HOPnum = 00000001” plus “1” is sensed. After setting the node identification number ID (CH1) in the multihop routing route history RIDHist as the message survival hop period TTL of the information search message, the meta information definition block is deleted, and “message length MgL = 000001100” and “padding length” By newly setting PadL = 111 ", the result is as shown in FIG.

  This updates the HOPnum indicating the number of multihops up to now to prevent the message from looping forever, and the message is discarded when the HOPnum reaches TTL. In addition, when RIDHist sends a sensing information notification message, it becomes a guide to the computer, and it is necessary to incorporate a self-confidence ID. And since the full length of the message changed with the above message form change, MgL and PadL are changed last. This is because a router exists in a general network, but such a thing does not exist in a sensor network, and thus it is necessary to embed route information in a message.

  Next, the cluster member CM11 that has received the sensing information search message from the cluster head CH1 extracts the sensing information specified by the sensing information search message from the general-purpose information management flash memory, and sets it to the source node identification number SrcID of the sensing information search message. A method for returning sensing information will be described.

  The cluster member CM 11 that has received the sensing information search message sends “humidity” (“sensing information attribute SA = 0000001”) specified in the sensing information definition block by the sensing information search message from the general-purpose information management flash memory shown in FIG. After that, the sensing information search message is converted into a sensing information notification message. The sensing information search message is composed of a message definition block and a sensing information definition block, and is given in a format as shown in FIG. In the sensing information notification message, the node identification number ID described in the transmission source node identification number SrcID of the sensing information search message received by the cluster member CM11 is described in the destination node identification number DstID, and the node in the transmission source node identification number SrcID. The identification number ID (CM11) is described. Thereafter, “humidity” (“sensing information attribute SA = 0000001”) extracted from the general-purpose information management flash memory of the cluster member CM11 is described in the sensing information SE of the sensing information definition block, and “message length MgL = 00010110” is described. , “Padding length PadL = 011” is newly set as shown in FIG. The cluster member CM11 sends a sensing information notification message to the cluster head CH1 described at the end with reference to the multi-hop routing route history RIDHist.

  A third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Such an example corresponds to the third embodiment of the present invention.

  This embodiment will be described using the sensor network system shown in FIG. The sensor network system includes one computer Cmp100 and a plurality of clusters. Among the plurality of clusters, a cluster to be noted in the following description is a cluster 1000, and the cluster 1000 includes a cluster head CH1, a cluster member CM11, a cluster member CM12, and a cluster member CM13.

  Each node is assigned a 16-bit node identification number ID, and can correspond to a sensor network system composed of 216 = 65536 nodes. Further, a 3-bit node attribute NA is used to determine whether the node is a computer Cmp, a cluster head CH, or a cluster member CM. A sensor node is equipped with a wide variety of sensor devices, and the number and type of sensor devices vary depending on the sensor node. For example, “temperature sensor, humidity sensor, illuminance sensor, infrared sensor, camera sensor, microphone, radio clock, GPS” and the like exist as sensor types. Sensing information SE measured from these sensor devices includes “temperature , Humidity, illuminance, infrared, image, sound, absolute time, absolute position ”and so on. The sensing information attribute SA is a parameter for designating the type of sensing information SE such as “temperature, humidity, illuminance, infrared, image, sound, absolute time, absolute position” (actually, the sensing information attribute SA is a unit. In other words, the sensing information attribute SA is different between the temperature [° C.] and the temperature [K]), and the data length of the sensing information SE is the sensing information. Since it is determined depending on the attribute SA, the node needs to store the data length of the sensing information SE corresponding to the sensing information attribute SA.

  In the third embodiment, the cluster head CH1, the cluster member CM11, the cluster member CM12, and the cluster member CM13 are three sensor devices of “temperature sensor”, “humidity sensor”, and “radio clock”. The computer Cmp100 is not equipped with a sensor device (however, in the present invention, it is not necessary that all sensor nodes are equipped with the same type and the same number of sensors).

  FIG. 39 shows the symbols used in the profile, the data length of the symbols, and the meanings of the symbols, and FIG. 4 shows a correspondence table of the sensing information attribute SA and the bit string between the node attribute NA and the bit string. Since the structure of the profile created by all the nodes is described in a format as shown in FIG. 40 (the numerical value in FIG. 40 indicates the data length of the symbol), the computer Cmp100, the cluster head CH1, and the cluster member CM11 My profile is variable-length data of a bit string as shown in FIG. 40. (My profile of cluster member CM12 and cluster member CM12 only changes the node identification number ID of my profile of cluster member CM11. is there). The computer Cmp100, the cluster head CH1, and the cluster members CM11 / CM12 / CM13 generate the My Profile of FIG. 40 and store it in the node information management flash memory.

  Thereafter, the cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13 transmit the My Profile to the cluster head CH1, and the cluster head CH1 that has received the My Profile of the cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13 stores the cluster member in the node information management flash memory. Save My Profile of CM11, CM12, CM13.

  Next, the cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13 refer to the My Profile and initialize the flash memory for general information management. When the storage capacity of the general-purpose information management flash memory is C [bits], the cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13 acquire the value “x” of the sensing information attribute number SAnum of My Profile, and the general-purpose information management flash memory Are equally divided into x storage areas. For example, in the case of the cluster member CM11, since “x = 3”, the length of the divided storage area is C / 3 [bits] (the memory that cannot be divided by C / 3 and becomes a remainder. The area becomes an unused area). The sensing information attribute SA is saved from the head address of each divided storage area, and then the sensing information SE is saved. By initializing the general-purpose information management flash memory, the cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13 have independent storage areas for the type of sensing information (sensing information attribute SA) measured by the sensor devices installed therein. Can be maintained. Thereafter, the cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13 measure the sensing information at the sampling period smpt during the measurement time TS assigned to the sensing information measurement. For example, when the measurement time is “TS = 60 [seconds] and the sampling cycle is“ smpt = 5 [seconds] ”, the cluster member CM11 has“ temperature sensor ”,“ humidity sensor ”,“ radio clock ”, The measurement of “60/5 = 12 [times]” is performed using the three sensor devices, and the sensing information is stored in the general-purpose information management flash memory as shown in FIG. 27 (in FIG. 27, the temperature is (In [° C] units, humidity is in [%] units, and absolute time is stored in “hour: minute: second” format.) (The cluster members CM12 and CM13 also use the sensing information as general-purpose information in the same way as the cluster member CM11. Save the sensing information to the management flash memory).

  The cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13 are old if the storage area corresponding to the sensing information attribute SA is used up or the remaining capacity of the storage area corresponding to the sensing information attribute SA is insufficient to store the sensing information SE. Overwrite the sensing information SE and continue saving. Next, the cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13 calculate meta information ME from the sensing information SE stored in the general-purpose information management flash memory. The meta information ME is calculated during the non-measurement time T (see FIG. 8) after the measurement time “TS = 60 [seconds]”, and is transmitted to the cluster head CH1 by the meta information notification message. The meta information attribute MA is given as a 4-bit bit string, and the correspondence between the meta information attribute MA and the bit string is as shown in FIG. The meta information attribute MA includes “maximum value, minimum value, average value, periodicity, abnormal data detection, measurement start time, measurement end time, measurement position” and the like, and the meta information attribute MA is a sensing information attribute SA. Is associated. That is, in the case of “temperature” (“sensing information attribute SA = 0000000”) and “humidity” (“sensing information attribute SA = 0000001”), the calculated meta information attribute MA is “maximum value” (“meta information attribute”). MA = 0000 ")," minimum value "(" meta information attribute MA = 0001 ")," average value "(" meta information attribute MA = 0010 "), and" absolute time "(" sensing information "). In the case of the attribute SA = 00000110 “), the meta information attribute MA to be calculated is“ measurement start time ”(“ meta information attribute MA = 0101 ”) and“ measurement end time ”(“ meta information attribute MA = 0110 ”). . The association between the sensing information attribute SA and the meta information attribute ME is managed by a control program (software) for executing sensor node control and is variable. Therefore, “abnormal data detection” (“meta information attribute MA = 0100”) can be added to “temperature” (“sensing information attribute SA = 0000000”) for association.

  When the measurement time TS ends and the sensing information SE is stored in the general-purpose information management flash memory of the cluster member CM11 as shown in FIG. 27, the meta information related to “temperature” (“sensing information attribute SA = 0000000”). In ME, “maximum value” (“meta information attribute MA = 0000”) is “32”, “minimum value” (“meta information attribute MA = 0001”) is “26”, and “average value” (“meta” The information attribute MA = 0010 “) becomes“ (28 + 26 + 32 + 31 + 30 + 29 + 29 + 28 + 31 + 30 + 29 + 26) / 12 = 29 ”. Similarly, in the meta information ME related to “humidity” (“sensing information attribute SA = 0000001”), “maximum value” (“meta information attribute MA = 0000”) becomes “72”, and “minimum value” (“meta information”). The attribute MA = 0001 ") is" 58 ", and the" average value "(" meta information attribute MA = 0010 ") is" (65 + 60 + 58 + 62 + 63 + 63 + 63 + 60 + 72 + 68 + 66 + 64) / 12 = 64 ". On the other hand, the meta information ME related to “absolute time” (“sensing information attribute SA = 0000110”) has “measurement start time” (“meta information attribute MA = 0101”) “13:27:00” The “end time” (“meta information attribute MA = 0110”) becomes “13:27:55”.

  Next, the cluster member CM 11 creates a meta information notification message using the calculated meta information ME. “Meta information search message”, “sensing information search message”, “meta information notification message”, and “sensing information notification message” used in the present invention FIG. 29 shows the data length and the meaning of the symbol, and FIG. 30 shows a correspondence table between the message type MgT and the bit string.

  Since the meta information notification message is composed of a message definition block and a meta information definition block and is given in the format as shown in FIG. 31, the meta information notification message transmitted from the cluster member CM 11 to the cluster head CH1 is shown in FIG. Given in. Sensing information SE of “temperature” (“sensing information attribute SA = 0000000”) and “humidity” (“sensing information attribute SA = 0000001”) is measured with a resolution of 7 bits, and “absolute time” (“sensing information attribute” When the sensing information SE of SA = 0000110 “) is measured with a resolution of 15 bits, the total length of the meta information registration message shown in FIG. 32 is“ 195 bits = 25 bytes−4 bits ”, so the message length MgL = 00011001 “And” “padding length = 100” is set. Since the multi-hop routing path history RIDHist enters the node identification number ID of the node that relays the message every time the message relays the node, the cluster member CM11 first transmits the meta information registration message to the cluster head CH1. It will be blank. Further, in this embodiment zero, since the sensor network system as shown in FIG. 14 is handled, the message survival hop period TTL may be “1”. Eventually, 4-bit padding (an arbitrary value may be entered) is added to the tail of the meta information notification message given in FIG. 32, and transmitted to the cluster head CH1. The cluster member CM12 and CM13 execute the same operation as above.

  On the other hand, the cluster head CH1 also initializes the meta information management flash memory with reference to the my profile and the profile of the cluster member. The cluster head CH1 stores the general-purpose information management flash memory excluding the meta-information storage area only when a sufficient storage area (meta-information storage area) capable of managing meta-information can be secured in the general-purpose information management flash memory. An area (sensing information storage area) is initialized by a method similar to that of the cluster member CM11, the sensing information SE is measured using the equipped sensor device, and the sensing information SE is stored.

  Thereafter, the meta information ME is calculated by the same method as that for the cluster member CM11, and the meta information ME is registered in the meta information storage area without using the meta information notification message. Whether the general-purpose information management flash memory has sufficient storage area (meta-information storage area) that can manage meta-information is determined by the cluster member number CMNum of My Profile that the cluster head CH1 stores in the node management flash memory, This is determined from the sensing information attribute number SAnum of the profiles of the cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13. The cluster head CH1 that has received the meta information notification message from the cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13 refers to “message type MgT = 0010” in the message definition block of the meta information notification message, and the received message is the meta information notification message. Make sure. For example, if “source node identification number = 0000-0000-0000-1011” in the message definition block of the received meta information notification message, the meta information notification message transmitted by the cluster member CM 11 can be confirmed. The node identification number ID (CM11) of the cluster member CM11 and the meta information definition block are stored in the general-purpose information management flash memory (see FIG. 33).

  Each time the meta information registration message is received from the cluster member CM 11, the meta information ME in FIG. 33 is overwritten and registered. When the meta information ME other than the meta information ME (for example, meta information ME for detecting abnormal data related to temperature) stored in FIG. 33 is received from the cluster member CM 11, a new node identification number ID ( CM 11) and the meta information definition block are added to and saved in the general-purpose information management flash memory.

  Next, a method for searching the sensing information SE stored in the sensor node arranged in the sensor network system from the computer Cmp100 will be described. The computer Cmp100 generates a meta information search message. The meta information search message includes a message definition block, a meta information definition block, and a sensing information definition block, and is given in a format as shown in FIG. For example, from a sensor network system, sensing is performed on the humidity of a cluster member in an environment where the maximum temperature is 30 [° C.] to 33 [° C.] and the average humidity is 60 [%] to 65 [%]. When requesting the information SE, a meta information search message generated by the computer Cmp100 is as shown in FIG. In the meta information search message, the meta information ME following the meta information attribute MA of the meta information definition block continuously describes a lower limit value and an upper limit value so that the range of the value of the meta information ME can be specified. The computer Cmp100 transmits the created meta information search message to the cluster heads CH1 / CH2 / CH3 capable of direct communication. The cluster heads CH1 / CH2 / CH3 that received the meta information search message confirm that the received message is the meta information search message by referring to “message type MgT = 0000” in the message definition block of the meta information search message. To do.

  The cluster head CH1 that has received the meta information search message first refers to the sensing information attribute SA, the meta information attribute MA, and the meta information ME described in the meta information definition block of the meta information search message (the continuation flag F is set). If it is valid, all sensing information attributes SA, meta information attribute MA, and meta information ME described in succession are referred to).

  Next, referring to the general-purpose information management flash memory, cluster member CMs matching the sensing information attribute SA, the meta information attribute MA, and the meta information ME described in the meta information definition block of the meta information search message are displayed. Identify (if the continuation flag F is valid, identify cluster member CMs that satisfy all the sensing information attributes SA, meta information attributes MA, and meta information ME described in succession). Since the general-purpose information management flash memory of the cluster head CH1 is as shown in FIG. 33, the conditions regarding the meta-information ME of the temperature and humidity specified by the meta-information search message received by the cluster head CH1 must be satisfied. I understand. Next, referring to the sensing information attribute SA described in the sensing information definition block of the meta information search message, the one that matches the sensing information attribute SA of the profile of the cluster member CM 11 stored in the node information management flash memory. Verify whether it exists. Since the profile of the cluster member CM11 is as shown in FIG. 42, it is understood that “humidity” (“sensing information attribute SA = 0000001”) specified by the meta information search message received by the cluster head CH1 is measured. . Therefore, the cluster head CH1 converts the meta information search message into a sensing information search message and transmits it to the cluster member CM11. The sensing information search message includes a message definition block and a sensing information definition block, and is given in a format as shown in FIG.

  The sensing information retrieval message is “metahop number HOPnum = 00000001” of the meta information retrieval message received by the cluster head CH1 and “multihop number HOPnum = 00000001” plus “1” is sensed. After setting the node identification number ID (CH1) in the multihop routing route history RIDHist as the message survival hop period TTL of the information search message, the meta information definition block is deleted, and “message length MgL = 000001100” and “padding length” By newly setting PadL = 111 ", the result is as shown in FIG.

  Next, the cluster member CM11 that has received the sensing information search message from the cluster head CH1 extracts the sensing information specified by the sensing information search message from the general-purpose information management flash memory, and sets it to the source node identification number SrcID of the sensing information search message. A method for returning sensing information will be described. The cluster member CM 11 that has received the sensing information search message sends “humidity” (“sensing information attribute SA = 0000001”) specified in the sensing information definition block by the sensing information search message from the general-purpose information management flash memory shown in FIG. After that, the sensing information search message is converted into a sensing information notification message. The sensing information search message is composed of a message definition block and a sensing information definition block, and is given in a format as shown in FIG. In the sensing information notification message, the node identification number ID (Comp100) described in the transmission source node identification number SrcID of the sensing information search message received by the cluster member CM11 is described in the destination node identification number DstID, and the transmission source node identification number The node identification number ID (CM11) is described in SrcID. Thereafter, “humidity” (“sensing information attribute SA = 0000001”) extracted from the general-purpose information management flash memory of the cluster member CM11 is described in the sensing information SE of the sensing information definition block, and “message length MgL = 00010110” is described. , “Padding length PadL = 011” is newly set as shown in FIG. The cluster member CM11 sends a sensing information notification message to the cluster head CH1 described at the end with reference to the multi-hop routing route history RIDHist.

  Next, a method for the cluster head CH1 that has received the sensing information notification message from the cluster member CM11 to transfer the sensing information notification message to the computer Cmp100 designated by the source node identification number SrcID will be described. The cluster head CH1 that has received the sensing information notification message from the cluster member CM11 deletes its own node identification number ID (CH1) from the multihop routing path history RIDHist, and a value “0” obtained by subtracting “1” from the multihop count HOPnum. "Is set. Also, “message length MgL = 0000110” and “padding length PadL = 011” are newly set. Thereafter, a sensing information notification message is transmitted to the computer Cmp100 designated by the destination node identification number DstID. FIG. 43 shows a sensing information notification message transmitted from the cluster head CH1 to the computer Cmp100.

  Next, Example 4 will be described with reference to the drawings. This example corresponds to the fourth embodiment.

  In this embodiment, description will be made using the sensor network system shown in FIG.

  Among the cluster heads, a cluster head having only one cluster head capable of direct communication is explicitly called a terminal cluster head. The terminal cluster head also creates a My Profile in the same manner as the cluster head. However, the node attribute NA in my profile is set to “011”, and a bit string different from that of the cluster head (“node attribute NA = 001”) is designated (see FIG. 4). My profile of the terminal cluster head TCH2 in FIG. 44 is given as shown in FIG. 36 (all sensor nodes in FIG. 44 including the terminal cluster head TCH2 are “temperature sensor”, “humidity sensor”, and “radio clock”. And three sensor devices). The terminal cluster head stores the generated My Profile in the node information management flash memory.

  The computer Cmp100 transmits the generated My Profile to the computer Cmp101 that can directly communicate with the cluster heads CH1, CH7, and CH8. The cluster head CH1 transmits the generated my profile to the cluster head CH3 that can directly communicate with the terminal cluster head TCH2. The terminal cluster head TCH2 transmits the generated my profile and the profile received from the cluster member CM 21 to the only cluster head CH1 capable of direct communication. All nodes store the received profile in the node information management flash memory.

  Using the meta information notification message, the cluster member CM 21 transmits meta information ME related to the measured sensing information SE to the terminal cluster head TCH2. When the meta information notification message received by the end cluster head TCH2 from the cluster member CM21 is the one shown in FIG. 37, the end cluster head TCH2 sets the destination node identification number DstID of the received meta information notification message to “node identification number ID (TCH2) = “2” is changed to “node identification number ID (CH1) = 1”, the message survival hop period TTL is changed from “1” to “2”, and the multi-hop count is changed from “0” to “1”, “Node identification number ID (TCH2) = 2” is added to the multihop routing route history RIDHist, and a new meta information notification message shown in FIG. 45 is transmitted to the cluster head CH1. Thereafter, the terminal cluster head TCH2 calculates meta information ME from the sensing information SE measured by itself, generates a meta information notification message, and transmits it to the cluster head CH1. Therefore, the cluster head CH1 integrally holds the meta information ME of the terminal cluster head TCH2 and the cluster member CM21 managed by the terminal cluster head TCH2.

  Next, a method for searching the sensing information SE stored in the sensor node arranged in the sensor network system from the computer Cmp100 will be described. The computer Cmp100 generates a meta information search message as shown in FIG. 46, and transmits the created meta information search message to the cluster heads CH1 / CH7 / CH8 capable of direct communication. The meta information search message in FIG. 46 is the same as that in FIG. 34 except for the message survival hop period TTL. In this embodiment, since the meta information search message passes through a plurality of cluster heads, it is necessary to specify a value corresponding to the scale of the sensor network system for the message survival hop period TTL. Since the cluster head CH4 can be reached with a maximum of “3” hops (Cmp100 → CH1 → CH3 → CH4), a margin is set to “message survival hop period TTL = 4”. The cluster head CH1 that has received the meta information search message from the computer Cmp100 refers to the general-purpose information management flash memory, and sets the sensing information ME that matches the condition of the meta information definition block of the meta information search message to the cluster member CM11 or the terminal. It is verified whether the cluster head TCH2 or the cluster member CM21 holds, and the sensor node holding the meta information ME that matches the condition of the meta information definition block matches the condition of the sensing information definition block of the meta information search message It is verified whether the sensing information attribute SA to be held is held.

  Next, a sensing information search message is generated, and the sensing information search message is transmitted to the sensor node that matches the conditions specified by the meta information definition block and the sensing information definition block. For example, when a sensing information search message is transmitted to the cluster member CM21, it is necessary to transmit it to the cluster member CM21 via the terminal cluster head TCH2. Referring to the node information management flash memory, it is confirmed that the cluster head that manages the cluster member CM 21 is the terminal cluster head TCH2, and “2” is added to “multihop count HOPnum = 1” of the meta information search message. The value “3” is set to the message survival hop period TTL of the sensing information search message (for example, when the sensing information search message is transmitted to the terminal cluster head TCH2, “multihop count HOPnum = 1” of the meta information search message Is set to the message survival hop period TTL of the sensing information search message), and the destination node identification number DstID is set to “node identification number ID (CM21) = 21”. Set the number of hops to “1” and multi-hople 47 adds “node identification number ID (CH1) = 1” to the routing path history RIDHist, and transmits the sensing information search message shown in FIG. 47 to the terminal cluster head TCH2 (the message length MgL and the padding length PadL are the first ones). Update as in the example).

  On the other hand, the cluster head CH1 further transfers the meta information search message to the cluster head capable of direct communication. 46, when the cluster heads CH3 / CH4 that can communicate directly are extracted with reference to the node information management flash memory, and the transfer destination of the sensing information search message is the cluster head CH3, for example, the received meta information search message in FIG. The destination node identification number DstID is changed from “node identification number ID (CH1) = 1” to “node identification number ID (CH3) = 3”, and the multihop count HOPnum is added to “0” by adding “1” to “ 1 ”,“ node identification number ID (CH1) = 1 ”is added to multihop routing route history RIDHist, and a new meta information search message shown in FIG. 48 is transmitted to cluster head CH3 (message length MgL And the padding length PadL is updated as in the first embodiment). However, when the changed multi-hop count HOPnum matches the message survival hop period TTL of the received meta information search message, the meta information search message is not transferred.

  Next, the terminal cluster head TCH2 that has received the sensing information search message verifies the destination node identification number DstID of the sensing information search message, and when the destination node identification number DstID is “node identification number ID (CM21)”, The multi-hop count HOPnum is changed to “2” by adding “1” to “1”, and “node identification number ID (TCH2) = 2” is added to the multi-hop routing route history RIDHist, and the new one shown in FIG. A sensing information search message is transmitted to the cluster member CH21.

  On the other hand, the cluster member 21 that has received the sensing information search message shown in FIG. 49 generates the sensing information notification message shown in FIG. 50 and is described at the end of the multihop routing path history in the same manner as in the first embodiment. A sensing information notification message is transmitted to the terminal cluster head TCH2 that is present.

  Next, a method in which the cluster head that has received the sensing information notification message returns the sensing information notification message through the shortest path to the computer designated by the destination node identification number DstID of the sensing information notification message will be described. For example, when the cluster head CH4 receives the sensing information notification message shown in FIG. 51 from the cluster member CM 41, the cluster head CH4 refers to the node information management flash memory and extracts a cluster head capable of direct communication. It is verified whether direct communication is possible with the cluster head that matches the node identification number ID of the cluster head described in the multi-hop routing route history RIDHist of the sensing information notification message. In the case of the cluster head CH4, direct communication is possible with the cluster head CH1 described in the multi-hop routing path history RIDHist. Therefore, the cluster head CH4 deletes its own node identification number ID (CH4) and node identification number ID (CH3) from the multihop routing path history RIDHist of the received sensing information notification message, and “2” from the multihop count HOPnum. Is set to a value “1”, and a sensing information notification message as shown in FIG. 52 is generated. Thereafter, with reference to the multihop count HOPnum and the multihop routing path history RIDHist, a sensing information notification message is transmitted to the cluster head CH1 described at the end of the multihop routing path history RIDHist. When the value of the multi-hop count HOPnum is “0”, a sensing information notification message is transmitted to the computer Cmp100 designated by the destination node identification number DstID.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, it can apply to the data search system which searches data on condition of the meta information of data from the database distributed on the network, and is especially an ad hoc network environment comprised from the node which does not have a weak calculation capability Is effective. The data search system can also be applied to uses such as disaster area situation collection systems and building environmental management systems.

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a sensor network system according to a second embodiment. FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the cluster head CH1 in the second embodiment. FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13 in the first and second embodiments. FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the sensing information attribute SA. FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a message. FIG. 6 is a flowchart for explaining an operation until a cluster is constructed. FIG. 7 illustrates an operation in which the cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13 calculate the meta information ME from the measured sensing information SE and notify the meta information ME to the cluster head CH1 by the meta information notification message. 5 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of registering the information in the general-purpose information storage unit 31. FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining measurement of sensing information. FIG. 9 is a flowchart for explaining an operation in which the cluster head CH1 registers the meta information ME included in the meta information notification message received from the cluster members CM11, CM12, and CM13 in the general-purpose information storage unit 31. FIG. 10 is a flowchart for explaining the operation until the cluster head CH1 that has received the meta information search message searches the general-purpose information storage unit 31 and converts the meta information search message into a sensing information search message. FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining the operation until the cluster member that has received the sensing information search message transmitted from the cluster head CH1 searches the general-purpose information storage unit 31 and converts the sensing information search message into a sensing information notification message. It is a flowchart of. FIG. 12 is a configuration diagram of a sensor network system according to the third embodiment. FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining a message. FIG. 14 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the third embodiment. FIG. 15 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the third embodiment. FIG. 16 calculates the meta information ME from the sensing information SE measured by the cluster head CH1 and the cluster members CM1, CM2, and CM3, and the cluster members CM1, CM2, and CM3 send the meta information ME to the cluster head CH1 by the meta information notification message. And an operation of the cluster head CH1 registering meta information in the general-purpose information storage unit 31. FIG. 17 is a diagram for explaining the operation until the cluster head CH1 that has received the meta information search message transmitted from the computer Cmp100 searches the general-purpose information storage unit 31 and converts the meta information search message into a sensing information search message. It is a flowchart. FIG. 18 illustrates operations until the cluster member that has received the sensing information search message transmitted from the cluster head CH1 searches the general-purpose information storage unit 31 and converts the sensing information search message into a sensing information notification message. It is a flowchart for this. FIG. 19 shows operations until the cluster head CH1 that has received the sensing information notification message transmitted from the cluster head CH1 or the cluster members CM1, CM2, and CM3 converts the sensing information notification message into a new sensing information notification message. It is a flowchart for demonstrating. FIG. 20 is a block diagram of a sensor node according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 21 is a configuration diagram of a sensor network system applied to the fourth embodiment. FIG. 22 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the fourth embodiment. FIG. 23 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the fourth embodiment. FIG. 24 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the fourth embodiment. FIG. 25 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the fourth embodiment. FIG. 26 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the fourth embodiment. FIG. 27 is a diagram for explaining a general-purpose information management flash memory. FIG. 28 is a diagram for explaining the correspondence between the meta information attribute MA and the bit string. FIG. 29 is a diagram for explaining the symbols used in the four types of messages, the data length of the symbols, and the meaning of the symbols. FIG. 30 is a diagram showing a correspondence table between message types MgT and bit strings. FIG. 31 is a diagram for explaining the meta information notification message. FIG. 32 is a diagram for explaining the meta information notification message. FIG. 33 is a diagram for explaining a general-purpose information management flash memory. FIG. 34 is a diagram for explaining the meta information notification message. FIG. 35 is a diagram for explaining a sensing information search message. 36 is a diagram for explaining the sensing information search message. 37 is a diagram for explaining the sensing information notification message. FIG. 38 is a diagram for explaining the sensing information notification message. FIG. 39 is a diagram for explaining the symbols used in the profile, the data length of the symbols, and the meaning of the symbols. FIG. 40 is a diagram for explaining the structure of a profile. FIG. 41 is a diagram for explaining a meta information search message. FIG. 42 is a diagram for explaining the structure of a profile. FIG. 43 is a diagram for explaining the sensing information notification message. FIG. 44 is a configuration diagram of a sensor network system applied to this embodiment. FIG. 45 is a diagram for explaining the meta information notification message. FIG. 46 is a diagram for explaining a meta information search message. FIG. 43 is a diagram for explaining the sensing information search message. FIG. 43 is a diagram for explaining a meta information search message. FIG. 49 is a diagram for explaining the sensing information search message. FIG. 50 is a diagram for explaining the sensing information notification message. FIG. 51 is a diagram for explaining the sensing information notification message. FIG. 52 is a diagram for explaining the sensing information notification message. FIG. 53 is a block diagram of a sensor network system applied to the first embodiment. FIG. 54 is a diagram for explaining each definition block. FIG. 55 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the first embodiment. FIG. 56 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the first embodiment. FIG. 57 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the first embodiment. FIG. 58 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the first embodiment. FIG. 59 is a diagram for explaining the meta information notification message. FIG. 60 is a diagram for explaining a general-purpose information management flash memory. FIG. 61 is a diagram for explaining a sensing information search message. FIG. 62 is a diagram for explaining the sensing information notification message. FIG. 63 is a diagram for explaining the sensing information notification message. FIG. 64 is a diagram for explaining the prior art.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Receiving device 2 Data processing device 3 Storage device 4 Transmitting device 5 Sensor device

Claims (41)

A sensor network system composed of at least one cluster,
The cluster is composed of a cluster head and at least one cluster member,
The cluster member is
A sensor for obtaining sensing information;
Means for transmitting its own identification information and sensing information attribute which is an attribute of the sensing information as search information to the cluster head;
Means for transmitting sensing information obtained by the sensor to the cluster header in response to a request for sensing information from the cluster header;
The cluster header is
Storage means for storing the identification information of the cluster member transmitted from the cluster member and the sensing information attribute in association with each other as search condition information;
In response to a search request for sensing information, the cluster member identification information corresponding to the sensing information attribute in the search request is searched from the search condition information, and the sensing information request is transmitted to the cluster member corresponding to the identification information. And a sensor network system. A sensor network system composed of at least one cluster,
The cluster is composed of a cluster head and at least one cluster member,
The cluster member is
A sensor for obtaining sensing information;
Means for calculating meta information, which is a feature amount of sensing information, from sensing information acquired from the sensor;
Means for transmitting the identification information of itself, a sensing information attribute that is an attribute of the sensing information, the calculated meta information, and a meta information attribute that is an attribute of the meta information to the cluster head;
Means for transmitting sensing information obtained by the sensor to the cluster header in response to a request for sensing information from the cluster header;
The cluster header is
Storage means for associating and storing the cluster member identification information, sensing information attribute, meta information and meta information attribute transmitted from the cluster member as search condition information;
In response to a search request for sensing information, the search information attribute, meta information attribute, and cluster member identification information corresponding to the meta information in the search request are searched from the search condition information, and the cluster member corresponding to the identification information And a means for transmitting a request for sensing information to the sensor network system.   3. The sensor network according to claim 1, wherein the cluster includes a plurality of sensor nodes, and each sensor node changes a role of a cluster head and a cluster member according to stored information. system.   The sensor network system according to claim 3, wherein the sensor node has node information management means for storing a profile that is unique information of the sensor node.   5. The sensor network system according to claim 4, wherein the sensor node that has become a cluster head stores profiles of all cluster members to be managed in the node information management means.   The cluster head selects a cluster head to which the search request for sensing information is transferred by integrating search condition information with a computer or other cluster head capable of direct communication and sharing a profile, and the search request 6. The sensor network system according to claim 4, wherein the sensing information required by is returned to the computer through the shortest path.   7. The terminal cluster head that holds only one cluster head capable of direct communication integrates search condition information into the cluster head capable of direct communication. The sensor network system according to the above. Sensing that the search condition information does not hold information that matches the condition corresponding to the search request for the sensing information between the end cluster head and the cluster member managed by the end cluster head, or that the search request for the sensing information requires If the information is not measured, the cluster head transfers a sensing information search request to a cluster head other than the terminal cluster head,
The cluster head refers to the profile held in the node information storage unit in order to return the sensing information measured by the cluster head, the terminal cluster head, or the cluster member to the computer through the shortest route. The sensor network system according to claim 7, further comprising message transfer means for transferring sensing information. A sensor node constituting a sensor network,
It has sensor node information management means for managing sensing information attributes, which are attribute information of sensing information acquired from sensors, and identification information of sensor nodes that have transmitted the sensing information attributes as search condition information. Feature sensor node. A sensor node constituting a sensor network,
Sensing information attribute that is attribute information of sensing information acquired from a sensor, meta information that is a feature amount of sensing information, meta information attribute that is an attribute of the meta information, and a sensor node that has transmitted the information A sensor node comprising sensor node information management means for managing identification condition information as search condition information in association with identification information.   In response to a search request for sensing information, the sensor information corresponding to the identification information is retrieved from the search condition information by searching the sensor condition identification information, meta information attribute or meta information corresponding to the search request from the search condition information. 11. The sensor node according to claim 9, further comprising means for transmitting a request for sensing information to the sensor node.   The cluster is composed of a plurality of sensor nodes, and each sensor node changes the roles of the cluster head and the cluster member according to the stored information. Sensor node.   The sensor node according to any one of claims 9 to 12, wherein the sensor node includes node information management means for storing a profile that is unique information of the sensor node.   14. The sensor node according to claim 13, wherein the sensor node that has become a cluster head stores profiles of all sensor nodes to be managed in the node information management means.   The sensor node that became the cluster head forwards the search request for the sensing information by integrating the search condition information and sharing the profile with the computer that can communicate directly or the sensor node that became the other cluster head. 15. The sensor node according to claim 14, further comprising means for selecting a cluster head to be sent and returning the sensing information required by the sensing information search request to the computer through the shortest path.   13. The sensor node which has become a terminal cluster head that holds only one cluster head capable of direct communication has means for integrating search condition information into a cluster head capable of direct communication. Item 16. The sensor node according to any one of Items 15. The sensor node that became the cluster head
Sensing that the termination cluster head and the cluster member managed by the termination cluster head do not hold search condition information that matches the search condition information corresponding to the search request for the sensing information, or that the search request for the sensing information requires If the information is not measured, transfer the sensing information search request to a cluster head other than the terminal cluster head.
Message transfer for transferring sensing information with reference to a profile stored in the node information storage unit in order to return sensing information measured by a cluster head, a terminal cluster head, or a cluster member to the computer through the shortest route The sensor node according to claim 12, further comprising: means. A sensor node program constituting a sensor network,
The program is stored in the sensor node.
It is characterized in that a sensing information attribute that is attribute information of sensing information acquired from a sensor is associated with identification information of a sensor node that has transmitted the sensing information attribute and managed as search condition information. program. A sensor node program constituting a sensor network,
The program is stored in the sensor node.
Sensing information attribute that is attribute information of sensing information acquired from the sensor, meta information that is a feature amount of data from the sensing information, meta information attribute that is an attribute of the meta information, and a sensor that has transmitted the information A program that executes processing for managing node identification information as search condition information in association with node identification information.   In response to a sensing information search request, the program searches the sensor condition identification information, meta information attribute, or sensor node identification information corresponding to the meta information in the search request from the search condition information. The program according to claim 18 or 19, wherein a process of transmitting a request for sensing information to a sensor node corresponding to the identification information is executed.   21. When the cluster head and the cluster member are configured by a plurality of sensor nodes, the program changes information to be stored according to the role of the sensor node. The described sensor node.   The program according to any one of claims 18 to 21, wherein the program causes the sensor node to execute a process of managing a profile that is unique information of the sensor node.   The program according to claim 22, wherein when the sensor node becomes a cluster head, the program causes the sensor node to execute processing for managing profiles of all cluster members to be managed.   When the sensor node becomes a cluster head, the program integrates search condition information with a computer or other cluster head capable of direct communication with the sensor node and shares the profile, thereby sensing the sensing. 24. The program according to claim 23, further comprising: selecting a cluster head to which an information search request is transferred, and executing processing for returning the sensing information requested by the sensing information search request to the computer through the shortest path.   When the sensor node is a terminal cluster head that holds only one cluster head capable of direct communication, the program executes processing for integrating search condition information into the cluster head capable of direct communication with the sensor node. 25. The program according to claim 21, wherein the program is executed. The sensor node is a cluster head, and the end cluster head and the cluster member managed by the end cluster head do not hold search condition information that matches the search condition information corresponding to the search request for the sensing information, or When sensing information requested by a search request for sensing information is not measured, the program sends the sensor node
Processing for transferring a search request for sensing information to a cluster head other than the terminal cluster head;
In order to return the sensing information measured by the cluster head, the terminal cluster head, or the cluster member to the computer through the shortest route, the processing is performed by referring to the profile and transferring the sensing information. The program according to any one of claims 21 to 25. A sensor network having at least one cluster composed of sensor nodes,
The sensor node that manages the cluster manages the search condition information in which the identification information of the sensor node that constitutes the cluster and the sensing information attribute of the sensor node are associated,
Sending a sensing information search request to the sensor node that manages the search condition information,
In response to a search request for sensing information, a sensor node that manages the cluster searches based on the search condition information, and transmits a request for sensing information to the corresponding sensor node.   The search condition information includes meta information and meta information attributes of a sensor node, and the meta information and meta information attributes are associated with identification information of the sensor node. Sensor network system.   29. The sensor network system according to claim 27 or 28, wherein the sensor node stores a profile which is information for sensing information search request or sensing information transmission. A sensing information search method in a sensor network system having at least one cluster composed of a cluster head and at least one cluster member,
The cluster member sends its identification information and sensing information attribute that is an attribute of its own sensing information to the cluster head as search information,
The cluster header associates the identification information of the cluster member transmitted from the cluster member and the sensing information attribute and stores it as search condition information,
In response to a search request for sensing information, cluster member identification information corresponding to the sensing information attribute of the search request is searched from the search condition information, and a request for sensing information is transmitted to the cluster member corresponding to the identification information. And
A cluster member, in response to a request for sensing information from a cluster header, transmits the acquired sensing information to the cluster header. A sensing information search method in a sensor network system having at least one cluster composed of a cluster head and at least one cluster member,
The cluster member uses the identification information, the sensing information attribute that is the attribute of the sensing information, the meta information calculated from the sensing information, and the meta information attribute that is the attribute of the meta information to the cluster head. Send
The cluster header is stored as search condition information in association with cluster member identification information, sensing information attribute, meta information and meta information attribute transmitted from the cluster member,
In response to the search request for sensing information, the search information attribute of the search request, the meta information attribute, and the cluster member identification information corresponding to the meta information are searched from the search condition information, and the cluster member corresponding to the identification information Send a request for sensing information to
A cluster member, in response to a request for sensing information from a cluster header, transmits the acquired sensing information to the cluster header. A sensing information search method in a sensor network having at least one cluster composed of sensor nodes,
The sensor node that manages the cluster manages the search condition information in which the identification information of the sensor node that constitutes the cluster and the sensing information attribute of the sensor node are associated,
Sending a sensing information search request to the sensor node that manages the search condition information,
The sensor node managing the cluster searches based on the search condition information in response to a sensing information search request, and transmits the sensing information request to the corresponding sensor node. . A method for retrieving sensing information of sensor nodes constituting a sensor network,
Sensing information search method characterized in that sensing information attribute that is attribute information of sensing information acquired from a sensor and identification information of a sensor node that has transmitted the sensing information attribute are associated with each other and managed as search condition information . A method for retrieving sensing information of sensor nodes constituting a sensor network,
Sensing information attribute that is attribute information of sensing information acquired from the sensor, meta information that is a feature amount of data from the sensing information, meta information attribute that is an attribute of the meta information, and a sensor that has transmitted the information A sensing information search method characterized by managing node identification information in association with search condition information.   In response to a search request for sensing information, the sensing information attribute of the sensing information, the meta information attribute, or sensor node identification information corresponding to the meta information is searched from the search condition information, and the sensor corresponding to the identification information 35. The sensing information search method according to claim 33 or claim 34, wherein a request for sensing information is transmitted to a node.   36. Sensing information according to any one of claims 33 to 35, wherein when the cluster head and cluster members are constituted by a plurality of sensor nodes, the stored information is changed according to the role of the sensor node. retrieval method.   37. The sensing information search method according to any one of claims 33 to 36, wherein a profile that is unique information of a node is managed.   38. The sensing information search method according to claim 37, wherein when the sensor node becomes a cluster head, profiles of all cluster members to be managed are stored.   When a sensor node becomes a cluster head, a cluster head that transfers a search request for sensing information by integrating search condition information and sharing a profile with a computer or other cluster head capable of direct communication. 39. The sensing information search method according to claim 37 or claim 38, wherein the sensing information requested by the sensing information search request is sent back to the computer through the shortest route.   37. The search condition information is integrated into a cluster head capable of direct communication when the sensor node is a terminal cluster head that holds only one cluster head capable of direct communication. 40. The sensing information search method according to any one of 39. The sensor node is a cluster head, and the terminal cluster head and the cluster member managed by the terminal cluster head do not hold search condition information that matches the search condition information corresponding to the search request for the sensing information, or the sensing If the sensing information requested by the information search request is not measured,
The sensor node transfers a search request for sensing information to a cluster head other than the terminal cluster head, and transmits the sensing information measured by the cluster head, the terminal cluster head, or the cluster member to the computer through the shortest path. 41. The sensing information search method according to claim 36, wherein sensing information is transferred with reference to the profile for returning.

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