JP2007040176A - Wind turbine generator and photoautotrophic cultivation system using this - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve food-scarcity problems by improving the cultivation efficiency of algae, in which there is a limitation to photosynthesis by the sunlight which is limited in the radiation time. <P>SOLUTION: A power station is comprised of a plural set of power generation blocks in which a wind power generator having an output of 1.5 kWh, an occupied area of 1.8 m<SP>2</SP>, and a unit cost of ¥300,000 are piled up in three stages in the vertical direction in a float on a semi-float are erected together in large numbers at an aerodynamically appropriate interval just above the sea level of the ocean. The ocean is irradiated with the obtained electric power, and agitated by feeding air of the same amount as every culture media into a marine water improved culture media, and minute algae are cultivated by controlling nitrogen, etc., with PH. The solar photosynthesis twenty times brighter than the sunlight right on the equator can be obtained, so that starch containing protein equivalent to rice can be obtained by algae cultivation 4,500 times more efficient than normal rice cultivation even when using a LED with 50% conversion efficiency. This can be directly used for food processing or a fish bait such as rice/bread, so as to able to solve the food-scarcity problems. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a wind turbine generator that improves power generation efficiency per unit installation area of wind power generation. In addition, the present invention relates to a photoautotrophic culture apparatus that significantly improves the culture efficiency of microalgae such as seawater chlorella, cyanobacteria and diatom using the wind power generator.

There is concern about future food shortages as the population of the world grows. In view of this, the inventor of the present invention has been researching photoautotrophic culture since 1975 and has accumulated. And all over the world, the 1st, 2nd and 3rd generations ran to light heterotrophic culture and genetic recombination. At present, national projects for foodstuffs have been carried out in many countries, and there are no signs of realization yet. Problems such as the deterioration of the global environment are expected to spur further food shortages, and it seems that the solution will not be in time. The central problem of photoautotrophic culture is the provision of inexpensive visible light used for photosynthesis and sufficient light diffusion.
JP-A-5-292848 JP-A-5-292849 Simultaneous mass production of algae and oxygen using the power of SPS2000 rectenna March 1993 Masaaki Iwabuchi, Institute of Space Science, University of Tokyo

However, since the solar flux is thin and occupies 2/3 of the night, it is a major drawback for industrial use. The PPF (solar light combined luminous flux) from the equator to around 25 degrees latitude is 2000 to 2430 μmol / m ² s (about 47% of the total luminous flux). In addition, although there is lux in the unit representing brightness, lux is the sensitivity of brightness perceived by the human eye and cannot express photosynthesis energy properly, but represents PPF used here. The unit μmol / m ² s can be distinguished from lux because it can properly represent the energy of light in the wavelength region (400 to 700 nm) necessary for photosynthesis. Further, μmol / m ² s (micro mol per square meter second) may be expressed as μE / m ² s (micro Einstein per square meter second). The sunlight flux is about 8 hours per day in this area and about 5 to 6 hours in Kyoto. That is, each PPF at the equator, around 25 degrees latitude, and the latitude of Kyoto is 2430, 2000, 1700 μmol / m ² s in order, and becomes smaller as the latitude becomes higher. Further, the sunlight is further cut during bad weather such as cloudy, rainy, snowy, or at night.

  The present invention aims to improve the culture efficiency of algae, which has limitations in photosynthesis by sunlight with a limited irradiation time, and to solve the food shortage problem and the energy problem. Is.

In the wind power generator according to the first aspect of the present invention, a power generation block including a wind power generator is arranged on a floating float on the surface of the ocean. The float mentioned here can float on the surface of the ocean and support the power generation block. For example, the float has a semi-float of several meters to several tens of meters in length and length of around 500 meters. There is a mega float with a width of 2 to 3 kilometers. Each wind power generator constituting one power generation block has, for example, output, occupied area, unit price of 1.5 kWh, 1.8 m ² , 150,000 to 300,000 yen (Japan Air Dolphin Co., Ltd.) In this case, it is preferable to use 3 to 6 layers. In addition, a large-scale device has outputs and unit prices of 2000 kWh and 75 million yen (manufactured by General Electric, USA). However, the output, occupied area, unit price, and number of overlapping stages of the wind power generator used here are not limited to the above examples. In addition, the price per kW made by GE is as low as 3750,000 yen. Compared with this, the small WG (1.5 kWh type) of Air Dolphin is expensive at 200,000 yen per kW. However, for example, mass production effects such as 300,000 units, and in addition to this, production in low-cost regions such as China and Brazil is expected to reduce prices below the same level as GE products.

  A wind turbine generator according to a second aspect of the present invention is the wind turbine generator according to the first aspect, wherein the wind power generator is formed in a plurality of stages in a vertical direction per one power generation block, and a plurality of sets of power generation blocks are floated. It is planted on the upper floating body at appropriate aerodynamic intervals.

  A wind turbine generator according to a third aspect of the present invention is the wind turbine generator according to any one of the first and second aspects, further comprising a hydrodynamic device for speed-converting the annual wind condition of the ocean in a fluidic manner. is there.

  A photoautotrophic culture apparatus according to a fourth aspect of the present invention cultivates microalgae and a light source that illuminates the inside of the medium with the electric power provided at an extremely low cost by the wind power generator according to any one of the first to third aspects. A medium comprising seawater or fresh water, a light irradiating diffuser that diffuses light from the light source, and a stirring means for sending the air into the medium and stirring it. Examples of the light source that illuminates the medium include LED (light emitting diode), EL (electroluminescence), LD (laser diode), and a plasma high-frequency fluorescent lamp (for example, about 20000 Hz).

  The photoautotrophic culture apparatus according to the invention of claim 5 cultivates the microalgae with the light source that illuminates the inside of the medium with the electric power provided at a low cost by the wind power generator according to any one of claims 1 to 3. A medium comprising seawater or fresh water and nano air bubble generating means for sending the air in a nano air bubble state into the medium are provided. Note that the frequency of sending the air in the nano air bubble state to the medium does not have to be constant, and it is only necessary to send the air at a pace of once every half month to once a month.

  The photoautotrophic culture apparatus according to the invention of claim 6 is the photoautotrophic culture apparatus of claim 4, wherein the stirring means adds a part of energy components such as glucose and acetic acid to the medium in addition to the atmosphere. It forms a mixed nutrient culture device in combination with a light heterotrophic culture device.

The photoautotrophic culture apparatus according to the invention of claim 7 is the photoautotrophic culture apparatus of claim 4 or 5, wherein salts such as divalent iron salts, N ₂ , ammonia, CO ₂ are contained in the medium. It is intended to irradiate underwater with a light diffuser using a light diffusion ship.

  The photoautotrophic culture apparatus according to the invention of claim 8 is such that the energy of the light source used for photosynthesis is electric power obtained by a wind power generator.

  According to the wind power generator of the first aspect of the invention, wind power is generated in the ocean where a wind condition of 8 to 10 m / s can be obtained stably throughout the year regardless of day or night. Can do.

According to the wind power generator according to the second aspect of the invention, in addition to the effect of the wind power generator according to the first aspect of the invention, since the wind power generators are stacked in multiple stages per one power generation block, the power generation block The amount of power generation per unit occupation area increases. Specifically, when 1.5 kWh / 1.8 m ² (300,000 yen / unit) of wind power generators are stacked in three stages and forested on a saddle-like platform (appropriate aerodynamic spacing), 4.5 kW / 1.8 m ² = 2.5 kW / m ² (near the generator). According to the wind power generator configured in this way, it is possible to provide high-priced Japanese power at low cost. Compared with the US / Canada, which costs 4 to 5 yen / kWh, our electricity price is 23 yen / kWh, which is high. However, according to the wind power generator of the embodiment of the present invention, when a generator with unit price: 300,000 yen and 1.5 kW output is used in three stages, the power is 24 yen / kWh, which is substantially equal to the current power price in Japan. If it is supplied, it can be depreciated in just one year, and after that, it can continue to supply power at approximately 0 yen, excluding maintenance costs. A generator of 1.5 kW output can be obtained for 150,000 yen or less if it is mass-produced and can be depreciated within half a year. The life of wind power generators is, for example, about 30 years, and can be depreciated within 1 to 6 months. Therefore, it can be considered that electric power can be supplied at almost 0 yen even if capital investment is included. In this way, the electric power that can be provided at low cost can be used for private consumption of ordinary households as well as electric power supply by electric power companies. In addition, the capacitor may be charged or discharged according to fluctuations in power consumption. When storing in a capacitor, it is also possible to transport and use it as a can of power to a place where it is difficult to supply power on the transmission line. Moreover, this electric power may be used for the production of electrolytic hydrogen or seawater-decomposing hydrogen, and sulfur-free petroleum may be produced by Botriococcus in a fresh water medium. Seawater-decomposing hydrogen is hydrogen obtained by electrolyzing seawater directly through an electrode with the obtained electric power. Here, fresh water is preferable to seawater for electrolysis, and may be carried out after making the seawater into fresh water with an RO (R-O) membrane. According to the RO membrane, fresh water can be obtained from seawater for about 10 yen per ton. Electrolytic hydrogen is obtained by decomposing seawater or fresh water with a bioenzyme (hydrogenase or nitrogenase) to obtain hydrogen. The power utilization of the depreciated The current may be a 100 yen / Nm ³ only 3.9 yen / Nm ³ production costs of hydrogen also. Specifically, hydrogen 1Nm ³ can be produced at 3.9 kWh. If it is 1 yen / kWh, a result of 3.9 yen / Nm ³ can be obtained. Here, in the unit circle / Nm ³ used, N (normal) means a standard state (1 atom, 0 ° C.), and means a price (yen) per cubic meter of hydrogen in the standard state. Hydrogen has an energy of 3053 kcal / Nm ³ and is optimal for energy transport. Botuliococcus is a type of microalgae of Botriococcus braunii Berkeley strain. Sulfur-free petroleum can be produced at a low cost as well by supplying low-cost power to Botriococcus for lighting for photosynthesis. More specifically, petroleum components are extracted from Botriococcus grown by culture by centrifugation or filtration. Here, the obtained petroleum component is an extremely clean and high energy fuel having an octane number of 100 and a sulfur content of 0. The pomace can be used as a fertilizer. That is, wind power generation is overwhelmingly convenient for agriculture, hydrogen cultivation, and capacitor transportation in addition to application to BIO, more than solar power generation satellite (24h operation).

  According to the wind turbine generator according to the invention of claim 3, in addition to the effect of the wind generator according to claim 1 or 2, the annual wind condition of the ocean of about 8 to 10 m / s is obtained. Conversion to 12.5 m / s or more can improve power generation efficiency.

According to the photoautotrophic culture apparatus according to the invention of claim 4, it is possible to cultivate microalgae with significantly higher efficiency compared to photosynthesis that simply depends on photosynthesis of sunlight. In addition, the photoautotrophic culture apparatus of the present invention depends on light for cultivation energy, and after depreciation, it can be supplied at approximately 0 yen excluding maintenance costs, and can be obtained indefinitely at approximately 0 yen. Nitrogen and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere (in the case of a seawater medium, fertilizer from seawater (mainly dsw (deep seawater) containing a large amount of divalent iron salt)) is used, so algae can be cultured for about 0 yen. For example, one power generation block of a wind power generation device is a three-stage stack of 1.5 kWh / 1.8 m ² (300,000 yen / base) wind power generator, and uses a 50% conversion efficiency LED as a light source. In this case, a light source of 2.5 kW / 0.15 kW × 1000 μmol / m ² s = 16.67 × 1000 μmol / m ² s (16670 μmol / m ² s) is produced, where the quantum requirement 12E (mol) by the C3 plant. so As build menu about protein-containing starches, PPF:. If the 1000 micro mol / ^{m 2} s carried out at 24h ^irradiation, it is possible to obtain 216g / m 2 day (day = 24h) Note that the efficiency if the plant to be used is C4 When the quantum requirement 6E (mol) is increased, the efficiency is further doubled, and when the PPF of the equator is converted to 24 h, it becomes 2430 μmol / m ² s × 8 h / 24 h = 810 μmol / m ² s. In the case of using wind power in the country, it can be demonstrated that (16667 μmol / m ² s) / (810 μmol / m ² s) = 20.6 times as much PPF can be obtained as compared to using sunlight on the equator. In the photosynthesis by, it is usually only about 0.8 g / m ² day (day = 6 hours or less in Kyoto). Assuming the case of converting to 100% rice, 16.667 × 216 g / m ² day × (1 / 0.8) = 4500, which is actually 4500 times the rebound of rice in rice conversion. An LED with 100% conversion efficiency from visible to visible light is also being prototyped, and if this LED is used, the rice efficiency will be doubled.The visible light here means light with a wavelength of 400 to 700 nm. In the above description, the generator is a three-stage stack, but the rice efficiency is further doubled when the generator is a six-stage stack. In C3 plants, the cultivation with a quantum requirement of 12E (mol) is considered, but if the plant to be used is C4, the efficiency increases, and the quantum requirement of 6E (mol) further increases the efficiency by a factor of two. The enormous amount of microalgae such as seawater chlorella, cyanobacteria, and diatoms that are cultured with such extraordinary efficiency can be used as a raw material for producing food such as rice / bread and can be provided as fish food. Therefore, a huge amount of food can be supplied and the problem of food shortage can be solved. Moreover, the food chain is one-tiered, and if it is less contaminated, it is the ultimate aquaculture bait and a raw material for food.

  According to the photoautotrophic culture apparatus according to the invention of claim 5, since the atmosphere is fed into the medium in a nano-air bubble state, the atmosphere once sent remains in the medium until consumed by algae. As a result, there is no need to constantly stir and feed the atmosphere, it is only necessary to send the atmosphere into the medium at a pace of once every half month to one month, and the energy required to send the atmosphere into the medium can be reduced. . Or even if it is a case where always air | atmosphere is sent, since it can keep in a culture medium efficiently, it is only necessary to send in small scale and can comprise an installation inexpensively.

  According to the photoautotrophic culture apparatus according to the invention of claim 6, in addition to the effect of proliferation by the photoautotrophic culture of the photoautotrophic culture apparatus of claim 4, by the mixed nutrient culture in combination with the photoheterotrophic culture Because it grows with energy components such as glucose and acetic acid, expensive algae can be easily created.

  According to the photoautotrophic culture device of the invention of claim 7, in addition to the effect of the photoautotrophic culture device of claim 4 or 5, the light from the light source is irradiated with light using a light diffusion ship. Since the diffuser irradiates in the sea and reaches the 100% medium without being reflected on the surface of the medium, the culture efficiency of algae is improved. Moreover, the culture | cultivation of the algae in a dormant state can be explosively activated by the effect | action of a bivalent iron salt. For example, diatom kieselcerus can be grown at a speed of 20 to 300 times by spraying a divalent iron salt. As a result, 600000 tons of divalent iron salt can convert 6.6 billion tons of atmospheric carbon dioxide to 4.5 billion tons of phytoplankton and 4.8 billion tons of oxygen within 10 days. Phytoplankton of 4.5 billion tons can be provided as food for fish without food chain, and PCB and Hg contamination can be avoided. For example, in the case of contamination by the food chain, it is concentrated 3.5 billion times for polar bears and 500 million times for seals. However, for example, the cyanobacteria bait cultivated here has a single chain and is the ultimate aquaculture bait with little contamination. As a result, it is possible to grow a huge fish of over 650 million tons without pollution. In addition, we can create an industry that produces rice / bread infinitely from seawater on mega floats.

  According to the photoautotrophic culture device of the invention of claim 8, since the energy of the light source used for photosynthesis is electric power obtained by a wind power generator, algae regardless of day or night as long as it is a place where a stable wind condition can be obtained Can perform photosynthesis, and can significantly improve the culture efficiency of algae per unit area compared to photosynthesis by sunlight. Moreover, by increasing the number of installation stages of wind power generators, the electric power obtained per unit installation area can be doubled and the amount of algae cultured can be doubled.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. The photoautotrophic culture apparatus according to the embodiment of the present invention does not simply cultivate microalgae such as seawater chlorella, cyanobacteria, and diatoms only by photosynthesis by sunlight, but uses wind power that is conversion energy of sunlight. It is also done positively by converting it into electric power and further converting it into light. This makes it possible to use the optical BIO (Auto-BIO) 20 to 40 times as much as possible. Examples of the light source include LED (light emitting diode), EL (electroluminescence), LD (laser diode), and a plasma high-frequency fluorescent lamp (for example, about 20000 Hz). Other microalgae include Dunaliella Salina, Dunaliella Bardawil, Delmocarba, Keat Selas, Hematococeus, Entomal Algae, and Botriococcus brauni Called Coccus). Among them, hematococcus contains astaxanthin, which is said to be 1000 times as effective as vitamin E, and since this astaxanthin has a longevity effect such as wrinkle spread, 1 million yen to 10 million yen per kg It is so valuable that it is traded in. Hematococcus and Botriococcus grow in fresh water, and Dunaliella grows 1 to 3 times in seawater. Algae that grow only in fresh water are cultured onboard. In order to obtain fresh water on the ocean, it is preferable to use an RO (R-O) membrane. According to the RO membrane, fresh water can be obtained from seawater for about 10 yen per ton. Diatom kietoceras can grow at a speed of 20 to 300 times by spraying divalent iron salt. Botriococcus can also produce sulfur-free petroleum by photosynthesis. More specifically, petroleum components are extracted from Botriococcus grown by culture by centrifugation or filtration. Here, the obtained petroleum component is an extremely clean and high energy fuel having an octane number of 100 and a sulfur content of 0. The pomace can be used as a fertilizer.

Solar power generation satellites and wind power generation, submarine taiga power generation, and the like can be considered as energy sources for light source acquisition. In particular, the wind turbine generator used in the embodiment of the present invention is configured by arranging a plurality of power generation blocks in which a plurality of wind generators are stacked in the vertical direction on the surface of the ocean at a plurality of set plane directions at substantially equal intervals. For example, a Japanese air dolphin 1.5 kWh / 1.8m ² (300,000 yen / unit) wind power generator made up of three to six stages of a power generation block or a floating platform or semi-float floating body A wind power plant is constructed by connecting forests (appropriate aerodynamic intervals) to each other and connecting them with a single anchor. The size of one semi-float is, for example, about several meters to several tens of meters in length and width. In addition, there are large types of wind power generators, such as a 2000 kW output made by GE (General Electric, USA). For example, this can be used as a floating body on a mega float with a length of about 500 meters and a width of 2 to 3 kilometers. It may be forested. The GE wind power generator with 2000 kW output has a unit price of 75 million yen, and the price per kW is 375,000 yen. This is less than 1/5 of the price of 200,000 yen per kW for the Air Dolphin 1.5 kWh type, and is inexpensive. This means that it can be depreciated about five times faster. However, even with a small wind power generator of 1.5kWh level, for example, 300,000 units can be mass-produced, and in addition to this, products manufactured by GE can be produced in low-cost regions such as China and Brazil. The price can be expected to drop below the same level.

  A plasma high-frequency fluorescent lamp (for example, about 20000 Hz) is put in a glass tube having an outer diameter of about 4φ to form a matrix (change the coarse density depending on the algal density), and a rod-shaped light source is turned on to improve seawater. The medium is fed with approximately the same amount of air as the medium per minute and stirred, and cultured with pH (hydrogen ion concentration) controlled by nitrogen or the like. Examples of devices that do this are light diffusing devices or light diffusers. In addition to high-frequency fluorescent lamps, light sources such as LEDs (light-emitting diodes), EL (electroluminescence), and LD (laser diodes) are conceivable as light sources. A visible light conversion efficiency of 71% has been achieved, and the achievement of 100% is within the range within one year. In addition, the visible light said here is light with a wavelength of 400-700 nm, and is light in a wavelength region effective for photosynthesis.

By the way, it is not unusual for the annual wind conditions in the ocean to be 8 to 10 m / s. Hokkaido is especially abundant. At this level, the fluid dynamic device can be used to increase the speed in terms of fluid engineering and can be easily converted to 12.5 m / s or more. In the case of off Shiretoko, there is a wind condition of 12 to 13m / s without increasing speed. Similarly, strong wind conditions can be obtained in the north of England, the Netherlands and Sweden. When wind power generators of 1.5 kWh / 1.8 m ² (300,000 yen / base) are stacked in three stages and forested on a saddle-like platform (appropriate aerodynamic spacing), 4.5 kW / 1.8 m ² = 2.5 kW / m ² (near the generator). It should be noted that the power generation capacity of the wind power generator does not fall below the standard value even if there is some variation as long as the wind condition of a predetermined level or more is maintained. That is, the output of 1.5 kWh of one wind power generator taken up here can be sufficiently maintained as long as the wind condition is obtained on the ocean. According to the wind power generator configured in this way, it is possible to provide high-priced Japanese power at low cost. Compared with the US / Canada, which costs 4 to 5 yen / kWh, our electricity price is 23-24 yen / kWh, which is high. However, according to the wind turbine generator according to the embodiment of the present invention, when a generator with a unit price of 300,000 yen and 1.5 kW output is used in three stages, 24 yen / kWh, which is substantially equal to the current power price in Japan. If you decide to supply electricity, you can depreciate in just one year, and then you can continue to supply electricity for about 0 yen, excluding maintenance costs. A generator of 1.5 kW output can be obtained for 5 to 150,000 yen if it is mass-produced. For example, if it is 150,000 yen, it can be depreciated in half a year. The life of wind power generators is about 30 years, and can be depreciated in 1 to 6 months, and power can be supplied at 0 yen for the next 30 years. Electric power can be supplied in a circle.

In this way, the electric power that can be provided at low cost can be used for private consumption of ordinary households as well as electric power supply by electric power companies. In addition, the capacitor may be charged or discharged according to fluctuations in power consumption. When storing in a capacitor, it is also possible to transport and use it as a can of power to a place where it is difficult to supply power on the transmission line. Moreover, this electric power may be used for the production of electrolytic hydrogen or seawater-decomposing hydrogen, and sulfur-free petroleum may be produced by Botriococcus in a fresh water medium. The power utilization of the depreciated The current may be a 100 yen / Nm ³ only 3.9 yen / Nm ³ production costs of hydrogen also. Specifically, hydrogen 1Nm ³ can be produced at 3.9 kWh. If it is 1 yen / kWh, a result of 3.9 yen / Nm ³ can be obtained. Here, in the unit circle / Nm ³ used, N (normal) means a standard state (1 atom, 0 ° C.), and means a price (yen) per cubic meter of hydrogen in the standard state. Hydrogen has an energy of 3053 kcal / Nm ³ and is optimal for energy transport. Sulfur-free petroleum can be produced at a low cost as well by supplying low-cost power to Botriococcus for lighting for photosynthesis. More specifically, petroleum components are extracted from Botriococcus grown by culture by centrifugation or filtration. Here, the obtained petroleum component is an extremely clean and high energy fuel having an octane number of 100 and a sulfur content of 0. The pomace can be used as a fertilizer. That is, wind power generation is overwhelmingly convenient for agriculture, hydrogen cultivation, and capacitor transportation in addition to application to BIO, more than solar power generation satellite (24h operation). In addition, another method for obtaining electric power at low cost is to launch SPS (abbreviation of solar power satellite) in Mercury orbit and send it to the earth by microwave. According to this method, the efficiency of power acquisition is increased by 6.67 times compared to the case of launching SPS in the earth orbit.

And, using the extremely inexpensive power obtained by such a wind power generator, 2.5 kW / 0.15 kW × 1000 μmol / m ² s = 16.67 × 1000 μmol / m ² s (16670 μmol) with a 50% conversion efficiency LED. / M ² s) light source. 24h light source (1 day: 100% bright part). Here, assuming that protein-containing starch is produced with a quantum demand of 12E (mol) by C3 plant and PPF: 1000 μmol / m ² s is irradiated for 24 h, 216 g / m ² day (day = 24 h) can be obtained. . In addition, if the plant to be used is C4, the efficiency increases, and the quantum requirement 6E (mol) further doubles the efficiency. By the way, when the PPF of the equator is converted to 24 h, it becomes 2430 μmol / m ² s × 8 h / 24 h = 810 μmol / m ² s. Therefore, in the case of using wind power on the ocean in Hokkaido, (16667 μmol / m ² s) / (810 μmol / m ² s) = 20.6 times as much PPF can be obtained as compared to using sunlight on the equator. Can be demonstrated. Rice is usually only about 0.8 g / m ² day (0.8 g per 1 m ^{2 in} 24 h) by sunlight photosynthesis, so the above-mentioned rice-like starch obtained by wind power is converted to 100% rice. Assuming that it is 16.667 × 216 g / m ² day × (1 / 0.8) = 4500, it is 4500 times as much as the rice revenge in rice conversion. Currently, an LED with 100% conversion efficiency from electric power to visible light is being prototyped, and if this LED is used, the rice efficiency will be doubled. In addition, the visible light said here is light with a wavelength of 400-700 nm, and is light in a wavelength region effective for photosynthesis. In the above description, the generator has three stages, but the rice efficiency when the generator has six stages is further doubled. In the above description, the C3 plant is used for cultivation with a quantum requirement of 12E (mol). However, if the plant used is C4, the efficiency increases, and the quantum requirement of 6E (mol) further doubles the efficiency.

By the way, in the above description, the culture of algae in seawater is mainly described, but it is not necessarily limited to seawater. For example, Haematococcus and Botriococcus grow in fresh water. Algae that grow only in fresh water are cultured onboard. In order to obtain fresh water on the ocean, it is preferable to use an RO (R-O) membrane. According to the RO membrane, fresh water can be obtained from seawater for about 10 yen per ton. Then, in a seawater culture medium (deep ocean water) or a freshwater culture medium (hereinafter these two culture media are simply referred to as culture media), microalgae such as seawater chlorella, cyanobacteria and diatoms are photoautotrophic culture (hereinafter referred to as Auto Light BIO or simply In the case of growth by optical BIO), explosive growth can be performed at 0.001% to 15% (in terms of dry matter) or more. What makes it possible is a (light diffusing device) or a light diffuser. Further, in addition to the photoautotrophic culture, a mixed nutrient culture in combination with a photoheterotrophic culture in which energy components such as glucose and acetic acid in addition to the air are fed into the medium. According to the mixed nutrient culture combined with the light heterotrophic culture, in addition to the growth by the photoautotrophic culture, the growth is performed by energy components such as glucose and acetic acid, so that expensive algae can be easily created. In flat pin culture (normal algal culture), the diffusion coefficient is about 20 / M, but in optical BIO (converter), it reaches 100 to 1000 times. The unit of the diffusion coefficient is usually cm ² / liter, but the dimension on the area side and the dimension on the volume side are unified into a metric system and unified into a unit of 1 / M. In seawater divalent iron salt seeding experiments, it is 0.009 g / liter · day or less, but at 200 / M or more, it reaches 35 g / liter · day for cyanobacteria. Increase efficiency by 12,000 times. Algae density can be increased by 10 to 20%, and seeding with free density in seawater is possible. Algae culture requires divalent iron salt, which is also contained in seawater, especially in dsw (deep ocean water), but it is overwhelmingly lacking and active. By spreading it on, you can realize explosive growth.

  For example, diatom kieselcerus can be grown at a speed of 20 to 300 times by spraying a divalent iron salt. As a result, if divalent iron salt is sprayed on diatoms and cyanobacteria of SEEDS 2001 and irradiated in the sea with a light diffusion diffuser using a light diffusion ship, 6.6 billion tons of carbon dioxide gas in the atmosphere with 60000 tons of divalent iron salts, phytoplankton 4.5 billion Tons and 4.8 billion tons of oxygen can be converted within 10 days. Phytoplankton of 4.5 billion tons can be provided as food for fish without food chain, and PCB and Hg contamination can be avoided. For example, in the case of contamination by the food chain, it is concentrated 3.5 billion times for polar bears and 500 million times for seals. However, this cyanobacterial bait is one-tiered and is the ultimate aquaculture bait with less contamination. As a result, it is possible to grow a huge fish of over 650 million tons. In addition, we can create an industry that produces rice / bread infinitely from seawater on mega floats.

Summarizing the above description, the wind turbine generator according to the embodiment of the present invention is configured such that a power generation block including a wind power generator is arranged on a floating float on the surface of the ocean. The float mentioned here is a float that can float on the surface of the ocean and support the power generation block. For example, the float is a semi-float of several meters to several tens of meters in length and width and about 500 meters in length and the width is about 500 meters. There is a mega float of 2 to 3 kilometers. Each wind power generator constituting one power generation block has, for example, an output, an occupied area, and a unit price of 1.5 kWh, 1.8 m ² and 150,000 to 300,000 yen (Japanese Air Dolphin Co., Ltd.) In this case, it is preferable to use 3 to 6 layers. In addition, a large-scale device has outputs and unit prices of 2000 kWh and 75 million yen (manufactured by General Electric, USA). However, the output, occupied area, unit price, and number of overlapping stages of the wind power generator used here are not limited to the above examples. In addition, the price per kW made by GE is as low as 3750,000 yen, and compared to this, the 1.5 kWh type of Air Dolphin is expensive as 200,000 yen per 1 kW, but for example 300,000 The mass production effect of large-scale orders such as pedestrian vehicles and the production in low-cost regions such as China and Brazil can be expected to reduce prices below the same level as GE products.

  Therefore, according to the wind turbine generator according to the embodiment of the present invention, wind power is generated in the ocean where a wind condition of 8 to 10 m / s can be stably obtained throughout the year regardless of day or night, so that power can be supplied at a very low cost. Obtainable.

  In particular, the wind power generator according to the embodiment of the present invention has a plurality of vertical stacks for each power generation block, and a plurality of sets of power generation blocks are erected on the float above the float at appropriate aerodynamic intervals. It is what.

Therefore, according to the wind turbine generator of the embodiment of the present invention, in addition to the above effects, since the wind turbine generators are stacked in a plurality of stages per one power generation block, the power generation amount per unit occupation area of the power generation block Increase. Specifically, when 1.5 kWh / 1.8 m ² (300,000 yen / unit) of wind power generators are stacked in three stages and forested on a saddle-like platform (appropriate aerodynamic spacing), 4.5 kW / 1.8 m ² = 2.5 kW / m ² (near the generator). According to the wind power generator configured in this way, it is possible to provide high-priced Japanese power at low cost. Compared with the US / Canada, which costs 4 to 5 yen / kWh, our electricity price is 23-24 yen / kWh, which is high. However, according to the wind turbine generator according to the embodiment of the present invention, when a generator with a unit price of 300,000 yen and 1.5 kW output is used in three stages, 24 yen / kWh, which is substantially equal to the current power price in Japan. If you decide to supply electricity, you can depreciate in just one year, and then you can continue to supply electricity for about 0 yen, excluding maintenance costs. A generator of 1.5 kW output can be obtained for 150,000 yen or less if it is mass-produced and can be depreciated within half a year. The life of wind power generators is, for example, about 30 years, and can be depreciated within 1 to 6 months. Therefore, it can be considered that electric power can be supplied at almost 0 yen even if capital investment is included. In this way, the electric power that can be provided at low cost can be used for private consumption of ordinary households as well as electric power supply by electric power companies. In addition, the capacitor may be charged or discharged according to fluctuations in power consumption. When storing in a capacitor, it is also possible to transport and use it as a can of power to a place where it is difficult to supply power on the transmission line. Moreover, this electric power may be used for the production of electrolytic hydrogen or seawater-decomposing hydrogen, and sulfur-free petroleum may be produced by Botriococcus. Seawater-decomposing hydrogen is hydrogen obtained by electrolyzing seawater directly through an electrode with the obtained electric power. Here, fresh water is preferable to seawater for electrolysis, and may be performed after the seawater is made fresh water by the aforementioned RO membrane. Electrolytic hydrogen is obtained by decomposing seawater or fresh water with a bioenzyme (hydrogenase or nitrogenase) to obtain hydrogen. The power utilization of the depreciated The current may be a 100 yen / Nm ³ only 3.9 yen / Nm ³ production costs of hydrogen also. Specifically, hydrogen 1Nm ³ can be produced at 3.9 kWh. If it is 1 yen / kWh, a result of 3.9 yen / Nm ³ can be obtained. Here, in the unit circle / Nm ³ used, N (normal) means a standard state (1 atom, 0 ° C.), and means a price (yen) per cubic meter of hydrogen in the standard state. Hydrogen has an energy of 3053 kcal / Nm ³ and is optimal for energy transport. Sulfur-free petroleum can be produced at a low cost as well by supplying low-cost power to Botriococcus for lighting for photosynthesis. More specifically, petroleum components are extracted from Botriococcus grown by culture by centrifugation or filtration. Here, the obtained petroleum component is an extremely clean and high energy fuel having an octane number of 100 and a sulfur content of 0. The pomace can be used as a fertilizer. That is, wind power generation is overwhelmingly convenient for agriculture, hydrogen cultivation, and capacitor transportation in addition to application to BIO, more than solar power generation satellite (24h operation).

In addition, the wind power generator according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a hydrodynamic device that speed-converts the annual wind conditions of the ocean in a fluidic manner. Therefore, it is possible to convert the annual wind condition of the ocean of about 8 to 10 m / s to 12.5 m / s or more and increase the power generation efficiency.

  In addition, the photoautotrophic culture apparatus using the wind power generator according to the embodiment of the present invention is a super-low cost continuously spanning 24 hours all day with a medium composed of seawater or fresh water for culturing microalgae and the wind power generator. A light source that illuminates the inside of the medium with electric power that can be continuously provided, a light irradiation diffuser that diffuses the light of the light source, and an agitation unit that sends the atmosphere into the medium for agitation. Examples of the light source that illuminates the medium include LED (light emitting diode), EL (electroluminescence), LD (laser diode), and a plasma high-frequency fluorescent lamp (for example, about 20000 Hz).

Therefore, according to the photoautotrophic culture apparatus using the wind power generator according to the embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to cultivate microalgae with significantly higher efficiency compared to photosynthesis that simply depends on photosynthesis of sunlight. In addition, the photoautotrophic culture apparatus of the present invention depends on light for cultivation energy, and after depreciation, it can be supplied at approximately 0 yen excluding maintenance costs, and can be obtained indefinitely at approximately 0 yen. Nitrogen and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere (in the case of a seawater medium, fertilizer from seawater (mainly dsw (deep seawater) containing a large amount of divalent iron salt)) is used, so algae can be cultured for about 0 yen. For example, one power generation block of a wind power generation device is a three-stage stack of 1.5 kWh / 1.8 m ² (300,000 yen / base) wind power generator, and uses a 50% conversion efficiency LED as a light source. In this case, a light source of 2.5 kW / 0.15 kW × 1000 μmol / m ² s = 16.67 × 1000 μmol / m ² s (16670 μmol / m ² s) is produced, where the quantum requirement 12E (mol) by the C3 plant. so As build menu about protein-containing starches, PPF:. If the 1000 micro mol / ^{m 2} s carried out at 24h irradiation, it is possible to obtain 216 g ^/ m 2 day Note that efficiency is increased if the plant to be used is C4, quantum request 6E (Mol), the efficiency is further doubled, and when the PPF of the equator is converted to 24 h, it becomes 2430 μmol / m ² s × 8 h / 24 h = 810 μmol / m ² s. In the case of use, the use of sunlight at the equator (810 μmol / m ² s) = 20.6 times as much PPF can be obtained as compared to (16667 μmol / m ² s) / (. Usually, only 0.8 g / m ² day (day = 6 hours or less in Kyoto) can be used. Assuming that converted ^{rice, 16.667 × 216g / m 2 day} × (1 / 0.8) = 4500 , and the also becomes 4500 times Tanshu indeed rice in rice terms. Currently, the visible light from the power An LED with 100% conversion efficiency is also being prototyped, and if this LED is used, the rice efficiency will be doubled.The visible light here means light with a wavelength of 400 to 700 nm, which is used for photosynthesis. In the above description, the light is in the effective wavelength region, and the rice efficiency is further doubled when the generator is stacked in three stages, but in the above description, it is C3 plant. However, if the plant to be used is C4, the efficiency increases, and the quantum requirement 6E (mol) further doubles the efficiency. The enormous amount of microalgae such as seawater chlorella, cyanobacteria, and diatoms that are cultured with such extraordinary efficiency can be used as a raw material for producing food such as rice / bread and can be provided as fish food. Therefore, a huge amount of food can be supplied and the problem of food shortage can be solved. Moreover, the food chain is one-tiered, and if it is less contaminated, it is the ultimate aquaculture bait and a raw material for food.

In addition, the photoautotrophic culture apparatus using the wind power generator according to the embodiment of the present invention is a nanoair that sends the air in a nanoair bubble state into the medium instead of the stirring means that sends the air into the medium and stirs it. Bubble generating means may be provided. The nano air bubble is a bubble having a nano-level diameter, and is usually composed of oxygen and often used for breeding fish. However, in the present invention, CO ² necessary for photosynthesis is mainly used in the form of nano air bubbles. In particular, CO ² is preferably used as a divalent negative ion (CO ³⁻ ), and PH is preferably smaller than 7. If PH remains 7, H ⁺ CO ^3- remains. Moreover, the atmosphere sent into the medium is held in the medium by being in a nano air bubble state. As a result, the frequency of sending the air does not have to be constant, and it is only necessary to send the air at a rate of saturation once every half month to once a month. According to this configuration, the air once sent in remains in the medium until consumed by algae. As a result, it is not necessary to constantly stir and send air to the medium, and it is only necessary to send air into the medium at a pace of once every half month to once a month, thus reducing the energy required to send air into the medium. it can. Or even if it is a case where always air | atmosphere is sent, since it can remain in a culture medium efficiently, it only needs to send in small scale and can comprise an installation inexpensively.

  In addition, the photoautotrophic culture apparatus using the wind power generator according to the embodiment of the present invention is configured such that the stirring means adds a part of energy components such as glucose and acetic acid to the medium in addition to the atmosphere. The nutrient culture device may constitute a mixed nutrient culture device in combination with the light heterotrophic culture device. According to this configuration, in addition to the effect of growth by light autotrophic culture, growth by energy components such as glucose and acetic acid is performed by mixed nutrient culture in combination with light heterotrophic culture. Can be created.

  Moreover, the light autotrophic culture apparatus using the wind power generator according to the embodiment of the present invention may spray divalent iron salt in the medium and use a light diffusion ship to irradiate in the sea with a light irradiation diffuser. According to this configuration, the light from the light source is irradiated in the sea with a light diffusing body using a light diffusing ship and reaches 100% of the medium without being reflected on the surface of the medium, so that the algal culture efficiency is improved. Moreover, the culture | cultivation of the algae in a dormant state can be explosively activated by the effect | action of a bivalent iron salt. For example, diatom kieselcerus can be grown at a speed of 20 to 300 times by spraying a divalent iron salt. As a result, 600000 tons of divalent iron salt can convert 6.6 billion tons of atmospheric carbon dioxide to 4.5 billion tons of phytoplankton and 4.8 billion tons of oxygen within 10 days. Phytoplankton of 4.5 billion tons can be provided as food for fish without food chain, and PCB and Hg contamination can be avoided. For example, in the case of contamination by the food chain, it is concentrated 3.5 billion times for polar bears and 500 million times for seals. However, for example, the cyanobacteria bait cultivated here has a single chain and is the ultimate aquaculture bait with little contamination. As a result, it is possible to grow a huge fish of over 650 million tons without pollution. In addition, we can create an industry that produces rice / bread infinitely from seawater on mega floats.

By the way, in the said description, although the installation place of a wind power generator was described on the assumption that it exists on the ocean, it is not necessarily limited to the ocean. For example, in mountains such as Kurobe Gorge, there are places where the annual wind temperature exceeds 12 m / s, and the present invention can be implemented even when not on the ocean, and the same effect can be obtained. In other words, as long as the energy of the light source used for photosynthesis is electric power obtained by a wind power generator, algae can photosynthesis regardless of day and night as long as a stable wind condition can be obtained, and algae per unit area Can be significantly improved compared to photosynthesis using sunlight. Even if not on the ocean, increasing the number of wind generators installed doubles the amount of power obtained per unit installation area and doubles the algae culture volume.

Claims (8)

  A wind turbine generator comprising: a power generating block provided with a wind power generator on a surface of the ocean arranged on a float floating body.   The wind power generator has a plurality of vertical stacks per power generation block, and a plurality of sets of power generation blocks are erected on a float floating body at appropriate aerodynamic intervals. The wind power generator described in 1.   The wind power generator according to claim 1, further comprising a hydrodynamic device that hydrodynamically speed-converts the annual wind conditions in the ocean. A medium consisting of seawater or fresh water for culturing microalgae;
A light source that illuminates the inside of the culture medium with electric power provided at an extremely low cost by the wind power generator,
A light irradiating diffuser that diffuses light from the light source;
The photoautotrophic culture apparatus using the wind power generator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising stirring means for sending the atmosphere into the medium and stirring the medium. A medium consisting of seawater or fresh water for culturing microalgae;
A light source that illuminates the inside of the culture medium with electric power provided at an extremely low cost by the wind power generator,
A light irradiating diffuser that diffuses light from the light source;
The photoautotrophic using the wind power generator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising nano air bubble generating means for sending a nano air bubble state atmosphere into the medium. Culture device.   5. The stirring means is configured to add a part of energy components such as glucose and acetic acid in addition to the atmosphere in the medium, and constitutes a mixed nutrient culture device in combination with a light heterotrophic culture device. The photoautotrophic culture apparatus described in 1. 6. The dispersion according to claim 4, wherein divalent iron salt, N ₂ , ammonia, and CO ₂ are dispersed in the medium, and the light irradiation diffuser is used to irradiate in the sea with a light irradiation diffuser. Light autotrophic culture device. A photoautotrophic culture apparatus, wherein the energy of a light source used for photosynthesis is electric power obtained by a wind power generator.