JP2007039954A - Oil absorber using oil decomposing microorganism and biodegradation nonwoven fabric - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an oil absorber easily handled by storing oil absorbing particles formed mainly of a vegetable material in an external body formed of a nonwoven fabric having biodegradation and capable of decomposing an absorbed oil together with the external body when compost treatment and reclamation treatment after use in combination with an oil decomposing microorganism. <P>SOLUTION: This oil absorber is formed by storing the oil absorbing particles formed mainly of the vegetable material in the external body formed of the non-woven fabric having the biodegradation. The oil absorber is characterized by comprising the non-fabric material formed of a poly lactic fiber. A microorganism having oil decomposing performance and/or non-woven fabric decomposing performance is desirably mixed in the oil absorbing particles. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an oil adsorbent using a plant material and a biodegradable material. More specifically, the present invention relates to an oil adsorbent that diffuses on a road, floats on a water surface, or exists in an emulsified or suspended state in water. The present invention relates to an oil adsorbent for industrial and household use that adsorbs and removes oil. In addition, the present invention uses vegetable fibers such as bean hulls, which are food waste materials, as an oil adsorbent, and facilitates handling and use by housing the oil adsorbent in a biodegradable exterior body. The present invention relates to an oil adsorbent that can be easily decomposed later.

  Oils that have flowed into the sea surface, rivers, lakes, etc. cause oil pollution in the natural environment, and thorough removal is an important issue. In addition, oil-containing wastewater is generated from a fish processing factory, livestock processing factory, metal rolling factory, metal processing factory, etc., and it is necessary to remove oils that float on the surface of the water or are suspended or emulsified.

Conventionally, as an oil adsorbent for the removal of such oils, those using molten slag (see Patent Document 1), poly (p-oxybenzoyl), poly (2-oxy-6-naphthoyl), and poly (Oxymethylene) consisting of at least one kind (see Patent Document 2), or an inorganic porous body particle surface such as activated clay coated or deposited with oil such as vegetable oil (see Patent Document 3) ), Etc.
JP 2002-023423 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 06-304474 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 08-116784

  Conventionally known oil absorbing materials such as those described above have problems such as a slow oil absorption rate, a small amount of oil adsorption, a small amount of oil film cannot be absorbed, and a short floating time on the surface of the water.

  On the other hand, the processing of peanut husks, coffee bean hulls, etc., which are food waste materials, has become an important issue from food processing factories. Since these are plant-based, they have little influence on the environment and are expected to find further useful uses.

  In order to solve the above problem, the present inventors previously constituted (A) oil-absorbing particles and (B) a coating film covering at least a part of the surface thereof in JP-A No. 2004-167482, An oil adsorbent using a plant material is disclosed in which the (A) oil-absorbent particles are those obtained by pulverizing a raw material comprising plant fibers. In the present invention, (A) the vegetable fiber constituting the oil-absorbing particles is, in particular, peanut husk, coffee bean hull, sawdust, citrus, okara, moss, peat moss, wood chips, rice bran, charcoal, bamboo charcoal , Red jade earth, peat sorb, coconut shell, rice husk, wheat husk, wood flour, and (B) the coating film is composed of a water-soluble paraffin wax. It is characterized by that.

The oil adsorbents of the present inventors can accommodate these in an exterior body made of cloth, nonwoven fabric, paper, etc., and can also adsorb oil together with the exterior body. In this way, if the bag is made to adsorb oil, it can be handled easily when it is used on the surface of the water or on the road, when it is collected after the oil is adsorbed, and can be discarded after use. Convenient. In addition, if the landfill is disposed in the ground when it is discarded, the vegetable oil adsorbent decomposes all of the outer package, oil-absorbing particles, and adsorbed oil and returns to the soil, so the heat energy is also lower than when incinerated. It is suitable without generating.
However, when the exterior body is a synthetic fiber such as a nylon fiber or an ester fiber, or a binder fiber that is mainly composed of pulp but is not degradable, such as polyolefin, so as not to be broken even when wet. When bonded with an adhesive, these synthetic fibers, binder fibers, and adhesive remain in the ground without being decomposed, which causes a problem of environmental pollution.

  The present invention has been made in view of the present situation, and by accommodating oil-absorbing particles mainly composed of plant materials in an exterior body made of biodegradable fibers, the oil adsorbing material itself can be easily handled. The present invention intends to provide an oil adsorbing material that can be decomposed together with the exterior body when a composting process or a landfill process after use is performed.

  According to the oil adsorbing material of the present invention, an oil adsorbing material that effectively utilizes vegetable materials such as food waste materials, adsorbs oils quickly and effectively, and has good handleability and workability before and after treatment. Can be provided. After the treatment, all of the exterior body, adsorbed oil and contents (oil adsorbed composition) can be decomposed by landfill or composting, and no combustion energy is required, reducing the burden on the environment. it can.

  Hereinafter, the oil adsorbent of the present invention will be described in detail.

  The biodegradable outer package for containing the oil-absorbing particles used in the present invention is preferably made of a non-woven fabric made of biodegradable fibers, and is mainly composed of short fibers from the viewpoint of degradability. It is preferable that it is a nonwoven fabric. Alternatively, it may be a composite of a plurality of types of short fibers. Examples of the fiber material include wood-based natural fibers such as wood pulp, hemp pulp, kenaf fibers, cotton, and rayon, and recycled fibers. In addition, aliphatic polyester fibers such as polylactic acid and polycaprolactone or copolymers thereof, poly-3-hydroxybutyrate or a copolymer of poly-3-hydroxybutyrate and poly-3-hydroxyvalerate Can be mentioned. Furthermore, the composite material etc. of the chitin and chitosan which used the shell discharged | emitted when processing crustaceans, such as a shrimp and a crab, and the said material can be mentioned.

  Among these, as the aliphatic polyester fiber, poly (α-hydroxy acid such as polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid, or a copolymer thereof, polycaprolactone or a mixture of polycaprolactone and polyester, polyamide, polyurethane, and the like, Examples thereof include copolymers with these monomers.

  Here, in the case of polylactic acid, since there are optical isomers of D-lactic acid and L-lactic acid, poly-D-lactic acid, poly-L-lactic acid, poly-DL-lactic acid (racemic), and copolymers thereof. And blends. In the case of a copolymer, physical properties such as melting point and strength can be suitably controlled by changing the monomer ratio.

  These fibers can be preferably used for the exterior body, and in particular, a fiber in which two types of polylactic acid are combined in a core-sheath type, a sea-island type, or the like can be used. The fiber cross-sectional shape is not limited, and shapes such as a round shape, a hollow round shape, an X shape, and a Y shape can be used. In particular, it is preferable to use a round shape from the viewpoint of facilitating production, but it is possible to use either a concentric circle or an eccentric shape.

  When using a core-sheath type composite fiber as the fiber, the melting point of the polylactic acid constituting the core part is higher than the melting point of the polylactic acid constituting the sheath part. From the viewpoints of ease of processing, high adhesive strength, etc., it is more preferable. That is, at the time of heat welding, the sheath part melts to enhance the adhesion between the fibers, while the core part does not melt and the strength of the nonwoven fabric can be maintained. In general, the melting points of the core and the sheath are preferably about 170 ° C. and 130 ° C., respectively, and the temperature difference between the two melting points is preferably about 40 ° C. or more in order to achieve the above object.

  The weight average molecular weight of the polylactic acid resin is preferably 5 to 300,000, and more preferably 100 to 300,000. When the weight average molecular weight is less than 50,000, the strength as a fiber is lowered, which is not preferable. On the other hand, if the weight average molecular weight exceeds 300,000, the viscosity of the resin is high, so that the spinnability of the polymer extruded from the nozzle is poor, high-speed stretching cannot be performed, and the fiber is not stretched, so that sufficient fiber strength cannot be obtained.

  Although the single yarn fineness of the fiber which comprises the nonwoven fabric in this invention is not specifically limited, The range of 0.5-20 decitex is preferable. If it is less than 0.5 decitex, the nonwoven fabric becomes too dense and the oil to be adsorbed when used as the outer casing of the oil adsorbent becomes difficult to pass through the nonwoven fabric, resulting in poor adsorbability. . On the other hand, when the fineness exceeds 20 dtex, fine powder of oil-absorbing particles may leak through the nonwoven fabric.

The biodegradable outer package used in the present invention must be able to withstand use during oil adsorption and subsequent disposal. That is, during the period of floating on the water surface during oil adsorption, and during the period of pressing to separate the waste oil from the oil adsorbent collected during the subsequent disposal process, the exterior body is subjected to severe conditions such as water immersion and pressurization. It must be strong enough to withstand the situation.
On the other hand, after separation of waste oil, after landfill disposal or compost disposal, the load on the natural environment is reduced by decomposing faster and returning to carbon dioxide and water.

Although the manufacturing method of the nonwoven fabric used for this invention is not specifically limited, The manufacturing method for obtaining the exterior body which achieves the said objective is demonstrated below.
In the case of the exterior body used in the present invention, the fiber material preferably has a length of 1 to 15 mm in order to maintain sufficient strength even when wet as described above or during oil extraction. When it is less than 1 mm, dust generation during production is intense and the nonwoven fabric strength is poor. If it exceeds 15 mm, the fibers are long at the time of manufacture and are entangled and inconvenient to handle.

These fibers are cut to an appropriate length and made into a nonwoven fabric by, for example, a spunbond method. A general method can be adopted as a method for producing a nonwoven fabric, but the method for producing a nonwoven fabric using an adhesive or the like that does not have degradability remains only a non-degradable substance during processing, It is not suitable because it causes environmental pollution.
The obtained non-woven fabric is cut to an appropriate size and heat-sealed on each side to form a bag, and this is used as an outer package to enclose an oil adsorbent mainly composed of vegetable oil-absorbing particles. .

Next, the oil adsorbent used in the present invention will be described.
The oil adsorbing material of the present invention is characterized in that at least part of the surface of oil-absorbing particles made of a plant material is coated with a lipophilic coating film.
As the oil-absorbing particles made of the plant material, food waste is preferable from the viewpoint of cost or environmental conservation, for example, peanut husk, coffee bean hull, sawdust, citrus, okara, moss, peat moss, wood Chips, rice bran, peat sorb, coconut husk, rice chaff, wheat chaff, wood flour, and the like. It is also possible to dry and pulverize raw garbage discharged at homes and restaurants to make raw materials.
These plant materials are dried with a dryer under conditions of about 50 ° C. to 150 ° C., and then pulverized with a pulverizer to a particle size of about 50 to 1000 μm to obtain raw materials.

Next, in order to impart lipophilicity to the vegetable oil-absorbing particles and to prevent the oil-absorbing particles from sinking into the water when the oil adsorbing material is sprayed on the water surface and reducing the oil-absorbing properties, A coating film is formed on at least a part of the surface.
The coating film material preferably has a property of adding lipophilicity to the oil-absorbing particles and having the property of not penetrating into the oil-absorbing particles and staying on the surface. Specifically, soybean oil, palm oil Animal oils and fats, mineral oils and the like can be used in addition to vegetable oils and the like. Further, aliphatic saturated hydrocarbons having a carbon value of 20 to 30, or a mixture thereof, for example, emulsion waxes such as paraffin wax, fatty acid, alcohol wax, ester wax, amide wax, natural wax and the like are preferably used. A paraffin wax emulsion is suitable for uniformly and thinly forming a coating film on the surface of the oil-absorbing particles.

  The coating film is preferably formed in an amount of 0.02 to 0.04 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the oil-absorbing particles. When the amount of the coating film is less than the above range, when oil is adsorbed in an oil / water system, the oil adsorbent may not settle on the water surface but may sink into the water, and the affinity with the oil to be adsorbed will be poor. Therefore, it is not preferable. On the other hand, when the above range is exceeded, the particles themselves hold the oils excessively, so that the oil adsorption capacity may drop.

  The thickness of the coating film is preferably 10 to 30 μm for the same reason as described above. The thickness may not be uniform. The coating film does not need to cover the entire surface of the oil-absorbing particles, and may cover a part of the surface.

The method for forming the coating film on the surface of the vegetable oil-absorbing particles is not particularly limited.
For example, the oil-absorbing particle powder and the coating film material are put in the same container and mixed so as to have the above-mentioned amount and ratio to deposit the coating film material on the surface of the particle powder. In order to promote the formation of the coating film, the viscosity of the coating film material can be lowered and mixed at a high temperature of 80 ° C. or higher. After mixing is completed, the particulate material is dried at a high temperature to remove moisture. Drying at a high temperature is preferably performed within a temperature range of about 70 ° C to 100 ° C, particularly in the vicinity of 75 ° C to 80 ° C. After drying, there is a possibility that the particles are gathered together to increase the particle size. Therefore, the particles are pulverized again with a pulverizer or the like to form a finer powder before use.

Other methods for coating and depositing a coating film on the oil-absorbing particles include the following methods. That is, the dried fine powder oil-absorbing particles are lowered from the upper part of a cylindrical apparatus having a diameter of about 1 m and a length of about 5 m over a period of about 30 seconds to 5 minutes, and simultaneously from below the cylindrical apparatus. Blowing a weak wind to leave the particulate material floating, and spraying the liquid coating film material, which is dissolved at high temperature, from one or more sides of the container wall in the form of a mist to form a coating film on the surface of the oil-absorbing particles Form.
In this case, the coating property of the particles can be improved by applying electric charges to both the oil-absorbing particles and the high-temperature liquid wax particles that form the coating film.

  Furthermore, as a method for coating the oil-absorbing particles with the coating film, the following methods can also be mentioned. That is, the oil-absorbing particles are put into a known rotary granulator, and the fine oil-absorbing particles are granulated until the diameter becomes a predetermined size. By rotating the granulator, the oil-absorbing particles have a larger particle size, grow to a diameter of about 10 mm, and finish the granulation step when the hardness becomes appropriate. After that, it is preliminarily dried in the sun and then dried in a dryer. The particle size is adjusted using a known pulverizer after granulation so that a predetermined particle size distribution is obtained. The adjustment of the particle size distribution is appropriately performed depending on the purpose of use of the oil adsorbent. Further, a diluted emulsion wax is injected or sprayed into the granulated oil-absorbing particles after adjusting the particle size to form a coating film.

In the oil adsorbing material of the present invention, the oil-absorbing particles on which the coating film is formed are further mixed with microorganisms having oil component resolution.
Examples of microorganisms having oil-degrading ability include Bacillus genus bacteria, Pseudomonas genus bacteria, Rhizobium genus bacteria, yeasts, and the like.
Specifically, among Bacillus bacteria, Subtilis species, Brevis species, Licheniformis species, Thuringiensis species, Cereus species, etc., Pseudomonas species bacteria Among them, there can be mentioned Eleginosa species, fluorescens species, putida species, syringae species, malei species, diminuta species and the like. These may be used alone or as a mixture of two or more.
In the oil adsorbent according to the present invention, the long-term resolution can be exhibited by adding a nutrient source such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, etc., for the activation of the microorganism.
The addition amount of the microorganism is preferably 1,000,000 / g or more with respect to the whole composition from the viewpoint of oil decomposition, and particularly preferably 100 million / g or more.

The microorganism used in the present invention is more preferably degradable not only for the adsorbed oil and fat but also for the non-woven fabric having biodegradability used as an outer package in the present invention.
Even if the degradation rate of the nonwoven fabric itself is low, the degradation rate of the exterior body made of the nonwoven fabric can be increased if the microorganisms have the ability to degrade not only the oil but also the nonwoven fabric. Therefore, in this case, regardless of the decomposition rate of the nonwoven fabric, the type of the nonwoven fabric can be selected depending on the strength against water wetting, and the range of selection is widened. For this reason, in particular, when the oil floating on the water surface is subjected to the adsorption treatment, there is no concern that the outer package bursts due to the weight or increase of the adsorbed oil.

  It is not necessary to use a single type of microorganism, and a plurality of types of microorganisms having different properties can be mixed and used. Therefore, you may use together the microorganisms which have oil decomposability, and the microorganisms which have a degradability with respect to the nonwoven fabric different from it.

As other additives, an oil gelling agent, charcoal powder, bamboo charcoal powder, red bean clay, clay mineral, a chemically treated product thereof, a cleaning agent, and the like can be used.
The oil gelling agent is preferably added because the oil-absorbing particles are automatically gelled after the oil is adsorbed to facilitate recovery of the used adsorbent. As the oil gelling agent, a so-called oil-absorbing polymer can be used. Specifically, a styrene-butadiene block copolymer, a polynorbornene elastomer, an amorphous polypropylene, an acrylate copolymer, a porous vinyl polymer, and the like. The main component can be used. You may use it in combination of said several types as needed.

  Charcoal powder and bamboo charcoal powder are preferable for improving the oil adsorption amount of the oil-absorbing particles and for cleaning the contaminated water surface. Furthermore, it is effective for increasing the weight of the oil-absorbing particles so that they are not blown even when the wind blows. Charcoal powder and bamboo charcoal powder are powdered by pulverizing Bincho charcoal, charcoal, bamboo charcoal, etc. with a grinder. As the charcoal powder and bamboo charcoal powder to be used, those having a particle size of 30 to 50 μm are preferable. The amount to be added is preferably 30% by weight or less based on the oil-absorbing particles.

  By mixing it with oil-absorbent particles and forming a coating film on the surface, the red crust can be made difficult to rise by the wind even when sprayed on a dry road, for example, and oil adsorption can be improved. In order to coat with red jade earth, the oil-absorbing particles and red jade earth are both pulverized to the same degree in advance, and then a coating film is formed by the following method.

 In addition, a porous inorganic material such as clay mineral or a chemically treated product thereof, for example, acid clay, an acid-treated product or an alkali-treated product thereof may be added. When these are added to the oil-absorbing particles, the oil is adsorbed in the pores, and as a result, the amount of oil-absorbing particles required for the treatment can be considerably reduced. The inorganic powder used preferably has a specific surface area of 200 m <2> / g or less and a particle size of 100 [mu] m or less. The inorganic powder is preferably used in an amount of 20 to 60 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the inorganic porous body. Generally, the inorganic powder is uniformly mixed and then dried at 80 to 100 ° C. and then pulverized for use. It is good to do.

The cleaning agent is desirably added to improve the adsorption performance of the oil adsorbent. As the cleaning agent, it is preferable to use a water emulsion type oil secondary contamination preventing cleaning agent mainly composed of coconut oil fatty acid and a nonionic surfactant. This cleaning agent is sprayed with a cleaning agent diluted 100 times on oil-absorbing particles and dried. By adding this cleaning agent, the adsorptivity of the oil film floating on the surface such as the water surface is improved, and the oil is emulsified and dispersed to be in a state of being dissolved in water as oil particles in nanometer units (micellar). The micellized oil does not bind again over time. Examples of suitable commercially available cleaning agents include “GUL Clean 10 (manufactured by YANAGI LABORATORY)”, “BY • FAR • Z-M (manufactured by Onward Giken Co., Ltd.)” and the like.
Each of the above-mentioned various additives can be appropriately selected and added depending on the place and method of use of the adsorbent, and can be formulated according to the application.

The oil absorbing material of the present invention preferably has an oil absorption amount of 360 to 400 mL per 100 g weight of the oil absorbing material.
Furthermore, the oil adsorbent of the present invention is required to have the property of floating on the water surface for at least 24 hours without being submerged in water when sprayed on the water surface. By providing the property of floating on the water surface for a long time, after the oil adsorption, it is only necessary to scoop up the oil adsorbent together with the exterior body from the water surface, and the processing becomes much easier.

In the oil adsorbent used in the present invention, the moisture contained in the oil-absorbing particles has a great influence on the adsorptivity of oil-based oil. That is, when there is much moisture content, there exists a tendency for affinity with the oil component which should be processed to fall. Accordingly, the water content in the oil-absorbing particles is generally 1.0% by weight or less, particularly preferably 0.5% by weight or less.

The oil adsorbent of the present invention is characterized in that it is composed of SiO ₂ : 50 to 70% by weight, preferably 55 to 65% by weight, as an analytical value.

Next, an oil treatment method using the oil adsorbent of the present invention will be described.
Since the specific gravity of the oil adsorbent of the present invention is smaller than that of water, it can be widely used for the purpose of adsorbing and removing oils floating on the water surface or emulsified or suspended in water. It can also be used for the purpose of adsorbing and removing oils, chemical substances, etc. that have flowed out on the road due to accidents. Furthermore, it can be widely used for industrial and household purposes, such as treatment of tempura oil for home use, cleaning and cosmetic use.

  Examples of the oil-based oil to be adsorbed include safflower oil, soybean oil, rapeseed oil, palm oil, palm kernel oil, cottonseed oil, coconut oil, rice bran oil, sesame oil, castor oil, linseed oil, olive oil, tung oil, coconut oil, peanut Vegetable oils such as oil, kapok oil, cacao oil, wood wax, sunflower oil, corn oil and fish oil such as sardine oil, herring oil, squid oil, saury oil, liver oil, whale oil, beef tallow, beef tallow, horse oil, lard , Animal oils such as sheep fat, or a combination thereof.

  On the other hand, as the mineral oil, various lubricating oils such as spindle oil, refrigerating machine oil, dynamo oil, turbine oil, machine oil, marine internal combustion engine lubricating oil, gasoline engine lubricating oil, diesel engine lubricating oil, cylinder oil, marine engine oil, Gear oil, cutting oil, insulating oil, automatic transmission oil, compressor oil, hydraulic fluid, rolling oil and the like can be mentioned.

  In addition, crude oil, heavy oil, light oil, volatile oil, various waste oils, etc., oils that flowed into the sea surface, rivers, lakes, etc., fishery processing plant, livestock processing plant, metal rolling plant, metal processing plant, etc. This includes oil-containing wastewater discharged from the area. In the present invention, all oils such as the above-mentioned oil-based oils and mineral oils are referred to as oils.

The oil / water-based oil adsorption treatment may be performed by bringing the oil adsorbent of the present invention and the oil / water system into uniform contact. For example, the oil adsorbing material of the present invention is sprayed on the water surface where oils are floating, or is floated so as to cover the water surface. Since the oil adsorbing material of the present invention has a characteristic that it floats on the water surface for a certain period even after oil adsorption and does not settle, a clear water surface without any oil film is obtained by a method of scooping off the adsorbing material after oil adsorption.
For example, after the drained floating material is drained with a mesh or the like and then drained by a roll press or the like, the exterior body has a smooth touch and does not feel oily stickiness. Since the adsorbed oil is irreversibly adsorbed, there is no fear of re-leakage from the oil adsorbent due to pressure applied by a roll press or the like.

Since the oil adsorbent of the present invention is mixed with microorganisms having oil decomposability, the adsorbed oil is decomposed and extinguished, and the oil adsorbent can be used multiple times. If the activity of the microorganism decreases and the oil decomposition rate decreases, it can be reused by adding new nutrients to the contents of the oil adsorbent or adding microorganisms. .
Moreover, when discarding the oil adsorbing material of the present invention, it is not necessary to burn it. By embedding or composting in soil, the microorganism has plant oil-absorbing particles, adsorbed oil, and biodegradability. Since all of the exterior body is disassembled, there is no concern about environmental burden.

For other factories, such as machine factories, bus companies, taxi companies, etc., fallen floor oils and oils attached to machines, oil drops on hands and feet, and oil for ventilating fans, frying pans, barbecue iron plates, etc. for household use For treatment and road use, oil for construction, oil treatment for accidents, and spraying under the general pavement or permeable pavement of the road can prevent the oil from penetrating into the ground. Furthermore, it can also be used for the treatment of oil for rivers, ponds, swamps, etc., and for treatment of drains and drainage pipes for water surfaces.
The oil adsorbent of the present invention has, on average, an oil absorption capacity that is 5 to 15 times the sprayed amount, and can absorb 7 to 13 times as much oil in a short time.

  EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although this invention is demonstrated further in detail based on an Example, this invention is not limited to an Example.

Example 1
Two biodegradable non-woven fabrics “Terramac G0503 / WTO” (weight per unit g / m ² ) manufactured by Unitika Co., Ltd., previously cut into 20 cm in length and width as exterior bodies used in the present invention, are stacked and heat-sealed on three sides A shibu bag was prepared.
Next, 300 g of peanut shell was dried in an oven at 50 ° C. for 30 minutes. Then, it was taken out and pulverized using a pulverizer so as to have a particle size of 150 to 850 μm to obtain oil-absorbing particles.
Next, in order to form a coating film on the surface of the oil-absorbing particles, the oil-absorbing particles are immersed in a paraffin wax emulsion “EMUSTAR-1070 (manufactured by Nippon Seiwa Co., Ltd.)” and then dried in an oven at 75 ° C. for 10 minutes. It was.
The particles were allowed to cool at room temperature and then mixed with 100 g of “Bacterial GT1000-HC” manufactured by Biogenesis, USA as an oil-decomposing microorganism. Furthermore, in order to activate the microorganism, “Hyponex (registered trademark) high grade” was diluted 2000 times, and 50 ml was added and mixed well. As an oil gelling agent, 50 g of “Ecopolii P-1000A (manufactured by Kyoeisha Co., Ltd.)” was added and mixed. The mixture was put in the prepared bag and the remaining sides were heat-sealed to obtain the oil adsorbing material of the present invention.
When 500 g of machine oil was adsorbed to this oil adsorbent, the entire amount was absorbed within 24 hours, and no re-leakage of oil was observed. Further, when the surface of the nonwoven fabric was touched with bare hands, no oil adhered. When this was embedded in soil and kept at a temperature of about 25 ° C. and excavated two months later, the nonwoven fabric was visually decomposed by about 50%. In addition, the oil-absorbing particles as the contents did not feel oily, and had the same feel as the surrounding soil.

(Example 2)
The same contents as in Example 1 were enclosed in the nonwoven fabric bag used in Example 1 to obtain the oil adsorbent of the present invention. When 10 L of water and 500 g of palm oil were added to the water tank and the oil adsorbent was suspended on the surface, the oil adsorbent did not sink into water after 24 hours and absorbed the entire amount of palm oil. When the oil adsorbate was scooped up, no oil floating was observed and a clear water surface was obtained.
After oil adsorption, the water was drained with a mesh for about 10 minutes, and drained by a roll press. When the oil adsorbent after draining was touched by hand, no oil touch was observed on the nonwoven fabric surface.
After that, when embedded in soil and kept at a temperature of about 25 ° C. and excavated after 2 months, the nonwoven fabric was decomposed and some traces of fibers remained, but the original pattern was not retained. In addition, the oil-absorbing particles as the contents did not feel oily, and had the same feel as the surrounding soil.

(Comparative Example 1)
The same contents as in Example 1 were sealed in a bag made of nylon nonwoven fabric (20 cm in length and width) and brought into contact with 500 g of machine oil under the same conditions as in Example 1. As a result, about half of the oil was absorbed within 24 hours, but about 1/4 of the oil was still unabsorbed after 48 hours. When the surface of the nonwoven fabric was touched with bare hands, oil adhered to the hands. When this was embedded in soil and kept at a temperature of about 25 ° C. and excavated two months later, the nonwoven fabric was not decomposed and was in the same state as before being embedded. Moreover, when the bag body was disassembled and the contents were checked by hand, it was in a state where a greasy feel of oil remained.

(Comparative Example 2)
In the contents in Example 1, the same contents as in Example 1 were prepared except that “Bacterial GT1000-HC” manufactured by US Biogenesis was not mixed as an oil-decomposing microorganism, and the same contents as in Example 1 were obtained. And contacted with 500 g of machine oil under the same conditions as in Example 1. As a result, the entire amount was absorbed within 24 hours, and no re-leakage of oil was observed. Further, when the surface of the nonwoven fabric was touched with bare hands, no oil adhered. When this was embedded in soil and kept at a temperature of about 25 ° C. and excavated two months later, the nonwoven fabric was slightly decomposed, but the degree of decomposition was lower than that of Example 1. In addition, when the oil-absorbing particles as the contents were touched by hand, a slightly greasy feel of oil was felt.

  According to the oil adsorbing material of the present invention, an oil adsorbing material that effectively utilizes vegetable materials such as food waste materials, adsorbs oils quickly and effectively, and has good handleability and workability before and after treatment. Can be provided. After the treatment, all of the exterior body, adsorbed oil and contents (oil adsorbed composition) can be decomposed by landfill or composting, and no combustion energy is required, reducing the burden on the environment. it can.

Claims (2)

  An oil-adsorbing material in which oil-absorbing particles mainly composed of plant materials are accommodated in an outer package made of a non-woven fabric having biodegradability, wherein the outer package is a non-woven fabric made of polylactic acid fibers. Oil adsorbent.   The oil adsorbent according to claim 1, wherein the oil-absorbing particles are mixed with microorganisms having oil decomposing performance and / or nonwoven fabric degrading performance.