JP2007038254A - Friction point welding method, and friction point welding equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a friction point welding method and a friction point welding equipment capable of reliably performing the spot welding of first and second metal parts by reliably pressing the first and second metal members against an intermediate member without deflection by a rotary tool during the spot welding, and reliably receiving the second metal member by the intermediate member without peeling a metal-plating layer of the second metal member. <P>SOLUTION: A face on a second tool 60 side corresponding a weld part WS of a second metal member W2 and its peripheral predetermined area part are abutted on an abutting face 65a of an intermediate member 65 having an area larger than the area of a tip part of a rotary tool 11, and in this state, the first and second metal members W1, W2 are pressed against the intermediate member 65 by the rotary tool 11 to perform the spot welding. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a friction point joining method and a friction point joining apparatus in which a first metal member and a second metal member are overlapped, and the first metal member is softened by frictional heat by a rotating tool and plastically flowed to perform spot welding.

  Conventionally, in a state where the first and second metal members are overlapped with each other, the overlapping part is received by the receiving tool, and the rotary tool is positioned opposite to the receiving tool with the first and second metal members interposed therebetween. The first and second metal members are softened and plastically flowed by the frictional heat by pressing the first and second metal members from the first metal member side with the rotating tool. A friction spot welding technique for spot welding is well known (for example, see Patent Document 1).

  In particular, the friction spot joining technique disclosed in Patent Document 1 is a technique in which a steel sheet with a galvanized layer formed on a surface and an aluminum sheet are overlapped and spot-joined, and the aluminum plate and the steel sheet are pressed from the aluminum sheet side by a rotating tool. In the vicinity of the pressing part, the aluminum plate is softened and plastically flowed, the oxide film of the aluminum plate is destroyed and the galvanized layer of the steel plate is pushed to the periphery, and the new surfaces of the steel plate and the aluminum plate are solid-phase bonded to each other To do.

By the way, in the body of an automobile or the like, a structure using an aluminum alloy plate together with a steel plate has been widely put into practical use mainly for the purpose of reducing the weight. Friction spot welding technology is effective. For example, application to the case of joining an aluminum alloy reinforcement for reinforcing a lid of a vehicle body and a steel bolt retainer to which a bolt for attaching a hinge to the lid is joined is conceivable.
JP 2005-34879 A

  In the friction point joining technique described above, a relatively large pressing force is applied to the first and second metal members from the direction perpendicular to the plane by the rotary tool. Therefore, it is necessary to clamp the first and second metal members at a position other than the spot joining position, but the area of the tip of the receiving tool is almost the same small area as the tip of the rotary tool, and the receiving tool directly Since the first and second metal members are received, there is a possibility that the first and second metal members pressed by the rotary tool may be deformed, and in that case, the assembly of the first and second metal members and other members is performed. Sexuality gets worse.

  Therefore, it is conceivable to increase the area of the tip of the receiving tool. However, when the vicinity of the joint portion of the first and second metal members is clamped by the clamping device, the shape near the joint portion of the first and second metal members is a shape in which a recess or a convex portion exists. If the rotary tool and the receiver are unitized and moved together by the robot, the receiver may interfere with the clamp device, and the flat surface width of the joint portion may be Including the case where it is not large, there is a possibility that the first and second metal parts cannot be reliably received by this receiving tool, that is, the spot joining cannot be normally performed.

  Moreover, at the time of spot joining, the metal plating layer (for example, galvanized layer) of the second metal member (for example, steel plate) is softened or melted by frictional heat, and the second metal member has a very high pressure from the support. Therefore, in the second metal member having a metal plating layer formed on the surface, the metal plating layer may be peeled off, and the corrosion resistance of the second metal member is significantly reduced. In addition, there is a possibility that the metal plating layer peeled off from the second metal member may be deposited on the tip of the receiver, and in that case, the position of the receiver with respect to the second metal member at the time of spot joining is shifted from the intended position, There exists a possibility that the joining quality of the 1st and 2nd metal member may fall. In order to prevent this, it is troublesome to perform the removal work of the metal plating layer deposited on the support.

  An object of the present invention is to reliably press the first and second metal members against the intermediate member without being deformed by a rotating tool at the time of spot joining, and to remove the second metal member without peeling off the metal plating layer of the second metal member. The first and second metal parts are reliably spot-bonded by the intermediate member, and the corrosion resistance of the second metal member is prevented from being lowered, and the joining quality of the first and second metal members is prevented from being lowered. For example, a bonded product having a high dimensional accuracy formed by bonding the second metal member is manufactured.

  In the friction point joining method according to claim 1, the first metal member and the second metal member having a melting point higher than that of the first metal member and having a metal plating layer formed on the surface are overlapped with each other. By receiving the portion with the receiving tool and rotating the rotary tool positioned opposite to the receiving tool with the first and second metal members sandwiched therebetween, the first and second metal members are pressed, so that at least the frictional heat causes In a friction point joining method in which the first metal member is softened and plastically flowed to spot-join the first and second metal members, the tip of the rotary tool is made to correspond to the plurality of joining positions of the first and second metal members. An intermediate member having an abutting surface that can be in contact with the second metal member in an area larger than the area of the portion and an abutting portion that is located on the opposite side of the abutting surface and that can abut on the receiving member is disposed. , Each rotating position of the rotating tool and the receiving tool In the state where the receiving member is brought into contact with the contact portion of the intermediate member at each joining position, and the second metal member is in contact with the contact surface of the intermediate member, The first and second metal members are pressed, the metal plating layer of the second metal member at the joint is softened and plastically flowed and extruded around the joint to be spot-bonded.

  In this friction point joining method, the rotary tool and the receiving tool are moved to each joining position, and the receiving tool comes into contact with the contact portion of the intermediate member at each joining position, and the second metal member is brought into contact with the intermediate member. In the contact state, the first and second metal members are pressed against the intermediate member by the rotary tool. Then, due to the frictional heat, the first metal member softens and plastically flows in the joint, and the metal plating layer of the second metal member softens and plastically flows and is extruded around the joint, thereby spot joining. Is done. Here, for example, the first metal member is an aluminum alloy plate, the second metal member is a steel plate, and the metal plating layer is a galvanization layer (Claim 2).

  In the friction point joining apparatus according to claim 3, the first metal member and the second metal member having a melting point higher than that of the first metal member and having a metal plating layer formed on the surface are overlapped with each other. By receiving the portion with the receiving tool and rotating the rotary tool positioned opposite to the receiving tool with the first and second metal members sandwiched therebetween, the first and second metal members are pressed, so that at least the frictional heat causes In a friction point welding apparatus for spot welding the first and second metal members by softening and plastically flowing the first metal member, the rotary tool is arranged corresponding to a plurality of joining positions of the first and second metal members. An intermediate member having an abutment surface that is in contact with the second metal member at the time of joining and an abutment portion that is located on the opposite side of the abutment surface and that abuts on the receiving member at the time of joining. Rotate the rotation tool A rotating tool driving means for pressing the first and second metal members, and a joining gun having the receiving tool, the rotating tool, and the rotating tool driving means, and moving the joining gun to each joining position, It is characterized by comprising a moving means for moving over a joining operation position for joining and a standby position retracted from the joining operation position. This friction point joining device has the same effect as that of the first aspect. Here, for example, the moving means is a robot.

  According to the friction point joining method of Claim 1, it can contact | abut with a 2nd metal member by the area larger than the area of the front-end | tip part of a rotary tool corresponding to the some joining position of a 1st, 2nd metal member. An intermediate member having an abutting surface and an abutting portion located on the opposite side of the abutting surface and capable of abutting against the receiving member is disposed, and the rotating tool and the receiving member are moved to each joining position, and each joining position is The first and second metal members with respect to the intermediate member by the rotary tool in a state where the receiving member is brought into contact with the contact portion of the intermediate member and the second metal member is brought into contact with the contact surface of the intermediate member. Is pressed, and the metal plating layer of the second metal member in the joint is softened and plastically flowed and extruded around the joint to be spot-bonded. Thus, at the time of spot joining, without pressing the receiving device having a small area directly to the second metal member, the intermediate member is reliably pressed without deforming the first and second metal members by the rotating tool, Since the pressure applied to the second metal member from the intermediate member can be kept low, the second metal member is reliably received without peeling off the metal plating layer of the second metal member by the intermediate member, and the first and second metals The part can be spot-bonded reliably. That is, the metal plating layer that has been peeled off is prevented from being deposited on the receiving member and the intermediate member, and as a result, the corrosion resistance of the second metal member is prevented from being lowered, and the bonding quality of the first and second metal members is prevented from being lowered. It becomes possible to produce a bonded product with good dimensional accuracy formed by bonding the first and second metal members. Note that the intermediate member is preferably made of a metal having a melting point higher than the temperature due to frictional heat at the time of joining.

  According to the friction point joining method of claim 2, since the second metal member is a steel plate and the metal plating layer is a galvanizing layer, the zinc plating layer is peeled off from the steel plate at the time of spot joining. It is possible to prevent the plating layer from being deposited on the receiving member.

  According to the friction point joining apparatus of claim 3, since the intermediate member, the joining gun, and the moving means are provided, and the intermediate member has the contact surface and the contact portion, the rotary tool and the receiving tool are moved to each joining position, The contact tool is brought into contact with the contact portion of the intermediate member at each joint position, and the first metal member and the first member are made against the intermediate member by the rotary tool with the second metal member in contact with the contact surface of the intermediate member. Two metal members are pressed, the metal plating layer of the second metal member at the joint is softened and plastically flowed, and is extruded around the joint to be spot-bonded. At the time of spot joining, without pressing the receiving member having a small area directly to the second metal member, the intermediate member is surely pressed against the intermediate member by the rotating tool without deforming the first and second metal members. 2 Since the pressure applied to the metal member can be kept low, the second metal member is reliably received without peeling off the metal plating layer of the second metal member with the intermediate member, and the first and second metal parts are securely Spot bonding is possible. In addition, the same effects as those of the first aspect are obtained.

  According to the friction point joining apparatus of claim 4, since the moving means is a robot, the joining gun is moved to each joining position, and is reliably and promptly moved over the joining operation position and the standby position. Can do.

  In the friction point joining method and the friction point joining device of the present invention, the first metal member and the second metal member having a melting point higher than that of the first metal member and having a metal plating layer formed on the surface are overlapped. By receiving the overlapped portion with the receiving tool and rotating the rotary tool positioned opposite to the receiving tool with the first and second metal members sandwiched therebetween, the first and second metal members are pressed. At least the first metal member is softened and plastically flowed by frictional heat to spot-bond the first and second metal members.

  The friction spot welding device 1 includes a robot 2 (see FIGS. 1 to 3) equipped with a welding gun 3, a control device 4 (see FIG. 1) that drives and controls the robot 2 and the welding gun 3, A work holding device 5 (see FIGS. 4 to 6) is provided that positions and holds the first and second metal members W1 and W2 to be joined in an overlapped state.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the robot 2 is, for example, a general-purpose 6-axis vertical articulated robot, and a joining gun 3 is equipped at the tip of the robot hand 2 a, and the robot 2 attaches the joining gun 3, The first and second metal members W1, W2 positioned and held by the work holding device 5 are moved over a joining operation position for spot joining and a standby position retracted from the joining operation position. This robot 2 corresponds to a moving means.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the joining gun 3 includes a receiving tool 10, a rotating tool 11, and a rotating tool driving mechanism 12. The receiving tool 10 and the rotating tool 11 are arranged vertically opposite to each other, and the receiving tool 10 is detachably attached to the upper end portion of the inverted L-shaped arm 13 so that the rotating tool is driven on the lower side of the arm 13. A mechanism 12 is provided, and the rotary tool 11 is detachably attached to the rotary tool drive mechanism 12 in a detachable manner. The rotary tool drive mechanism 12 is a rotary motor 14 that rotates the rotary tool 11 about the joint axis X, and an elevator that moves the rotary tool 11 up and down along the joint axis X and presses the first and second metal members W1 and W2. And a motor 15.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the rotary tool 11 has a shoulder portion 11b formed on the front end surface (upper end surface) of the body portion 11a. The shoulder portion 11b is not flat, has a shape that is inclined at a predetermined angle and is recessed in a conical shape with the joining axis X as the center, and a pin portion 11c projects from the center portion of the shoulder portion 11b. The receiving tool 10 is formed to have substantially the same diameter as the rotary tool 11, and the tip end surface (lower end surface) is formed to be a flat surface.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the control device 4 is connected to various electric actuators (not shown) of the robot 2 via a harness 16 to drive and control these actuators, and to rotate the motor 14 of the joining gun 3. The elevator motor 15 is connected to the elevator motor 15 via the harness 17, the relay box 18, and the harness 19, and the rotary motor 14 and the elevator motor 15 are driven and controlled.

Next, the workpiece holding device 5 will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the work holding device 5 includes a work holding table 6, a positioning mechanism 7 that positions the first and second metal members W <b> 1 and W <b> 2 on the work holding table 6, and And a clamp mechanism 8 that clamps the first and second metal members W1 and W2 positioned on the work holder 6. In addition, the front shown with the arrow in FIG. 4, FIG. 5 is demonstrated as the front.

  Here, the first metal member W1 is an aluminum alloy plate, an oxide film is formed on the surface thereof, the second metal member W2 is a steel plate having a melting point higher than that of the aluminum alloy plate, and the surface thereof is rust-proof. A galvanized layer WZn having a function is formed (see FIGS. 16 to 19). Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 13 to 15, the first metal member W <b> 1 is an aluminum alloy reinforcement that reinforces the trunk lid 20 of the vehicle body, and the second metal member W <b> 2 is hinged to the trunk lid 20. 21 is a steel bolt retainer in which a pair of bolts 22 for attaching 21 is coupled, and the first and second metal members W1 and W2 are spot-bonded to each other and are composed of first and second metal members W1 and W2. A bonded product is formed.

  The trunk lid 20 has an outer panel 20a and an inner panel 20b. These peripheral parts are joined together by hemming to form a closed cross section, and the inner panel 20b has first and second metal members W1 respectively on the inner surface. , W2 are joined together. Each first metal member W1 has a size slightly smaller than half of the inner panel 20b and is substantially rectangular, and a circular convex portion W1a is formed on the outer side in the left-right direction of the first metal member W1. Each second metal member W2 is formed in a plate-like shape, and a convex portion W2a corresponding to the convex portion W1a of the first metal member W1 is formed in the center portion thereof, and a pair of bolts 22 is formed on both side portions of the convex portion W2a. Are connected in a penetrating manner.

  Spot welding of the top plate portions of the convex portions W1a and W2a at two locations in a state where substantially all of the second metal member W2 is in contact with the first metal member W1 and the pair of bolts 22 penetrates the first metal member W1. Has been. The first metal member W1 abuts against the inner panel 20b, and a pair of bolts 22 penetrates the inner panel 20b and penetrates the fixing plate portion 21a of the hinge 21 abutted against the outer surface of the inner panel 20b. A pair of nuts 23 is screwed to 22 and the hinge 21 is fastened together with the first and second metal members W1 and W2 to the inner panel 20b.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the work holding device 5 is clamped at the same time by the clamp mechanism 8 in a state where the two first and second metal members W <b> 1 and W <b> 2 are positioned symmetrically by the positioning mechanism 7. It is a possible device, and spot joining is automatically performed by the robot 2 and the joining gun 3 to the two clamped first and second metal members W1, W2.

  In the work holding base 6, a base frame 30 is formed by connecting a plurality of leg portions 30 a and beam portions 30 b, a rectangular base plate 31 is fixed on the base frame 30, and left and right 1 are placed on the base plate 31. The pair of workpiece placement plates 32 are fixed, the first metal member W1 is placed on each workpiece placement plate 32, and the second metal member W2 is placed on each first metal member W1.

  In the positioning mechanism 7, two front and rear positioning pins 40, 41 are erected on each workpiece placement plate 32, and the front positioning pin 40 is disposed on the outer side in the left-right direction of the workpiece placement plate 32. The positioning pin 41 is disposed at the center portion in the left-right direction of the work placing plate 32, and the positioning holes formed in the first metal member W1 are engaged with the positioning pins 40, 41 from above. A proximity sensor 43 that detects the first metal member W <b> 1 placed on the workpiece placement plate 32 is provided on the inner side in the left-right direction of the positioning pin 41 on the rear side of each workpiece placement plate 32.

  In the clamp mechanism 8, two sets of first and second jigs 50 and 60 are provided symmetrically corresponding to the two sets of first and second metal members W 1 and W 2. By the second jigs 50 and 60, the vicinity of the left and right sides of the joint part WS to be spot-joined among the first and second metal members W1 and W2 of each set is clamped.

  A first jig 50 is provided on the front side portion of each work placing plate 32, and the first jig 50 is positioned between a pair of left and right first jig members 51 and the first jig members 51. And a supporting member 55. The pair of first jig members 51 and the support member 55 are each formed in a partial circle shape in plan view, arranged in series with the mutually facing vertical surfaces in contact with each other, and each mounted with a work piece by a bolt. It is fixed to the upper surface of the plate 32.

  The pair of first jig members 51 includes a first clamp portion 52 having a relatively wide upper surface that contacts the first metal member W1, and each first jig member 51 includes a second metal member W2. Bolt holes 53 into which the combined bolts 22 are inserted from above are formed. The bolt hole 53 has a positioning function, and cooperates with the positioning pins 40 and 41 to position the first and second metal members W1 and W2 with certainty. Each first jig member 51 is provided with a proximity sensor 54 that detects the bolt 22 inserted into the bolt hole 53.

  Here, the rotary tool 11 passes through the base plate 31 and the workpiece mounting plate 32 from the lower side of the base plate 31 between the pair of first jig members 51 so that spot bonding is possible. Holes 31a and 32a are formed. The support member 55 is provided on the upper side of the rotary tool passage holes 31a and 32a. The support member 55 is provided between the pair of adjacent joint portions WS of the first and second metal members W1 and W2 in the first jig 50. It has the support part 58 supported from the side.

  As shown in FIGS. 8 to 10, the support member 55 includes a fixing portion 56 for fixing to the workpiece placement plate 32, a circular bulging portion 57 that bulges upward from the fixing portion 56, and a bulge. And a support portion 58 fixedly provided on the upper surface of the protruding portion 57. The fixed portion 56 and the bulging portion 57 are formed with an oval rotary tool passage hole 55a that is long in the left-right direction in plan view so that the rotary tool 11 can pass from below and be spot-bonded. The support portion 58 is formed in an elongated shape including an elongated bridge portion 58a and fan-shaped portions 58b on both ends thereof so as not to interfere with the rotary tool 11, and straddles the central portion in the length direction of the rotary tool passage hole 55a. Is provided.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 to 7, a clamp arm 70 is coupled to the rear central portion of the rear portion of the base plate 31 via a pivot shaft 71 so as to be rotatable about an axis directed in the left-right direction. The clamp arm 70 is disposed on the upper side of the work placing plate 32, and the front end portion is positioned near the front end portion of the base plate 31 in the horizontal posture. The clamp arm 70 extends from the pivot shaft 71 to the rear side, and the distal end portion of the rod 74 of the air cylinder 73 is rotatably connected to the proximal end portion thereof. It is connected to the workpiece holder 6 so as to be rotatable.

  Pressurized air is supplied to the air cylinder 73 from a pressurized air supply device (not shown), the pressurized air supply device is controlled by the control device 4 and the air cylinder 73 is driven, and the clamp arm 70 is set in a horizontal posture and a vertical position. It is automatically switched according to the posture. Reference numeral 75 denotes a guide member for guiding the clamp arm 70 in the vicinity of the horizontal posture. A pair of connecting members 76 extending to the left and right sides are fixed to the distal end portion of the clamp arm 70, and a clamp base 77 that is a base of the pair of left and right second jigs 60 is fixed to the connecting members 76.

  A pair of left and right second jig members 61 and a receiving member 65 positioned between the second jig members 61 are attached to each clamp base 77 of the second jig 60 (corresponding to an intermediate member). Each clamp base 77 is provided with an abutting portion 77a that is located on the opposite side of the receiving member 65 and to which the receiving tool 10 can abut at the time of joining. The pair of second jig members 61 and the receiving member 65 are each formed in an elongated rectangular shape in plan view, arranged in series with the mutually facing vertical surfaces in contact with each other, and clamp bases 77 by bolts. Among them, the clamp arm 70 is fixed to the lower surface facing the workpiece placement plate 32 when in a horizontal posture.

  The pair of second jig members 61 includes a second clamp portion 62 that protrudes toward the second jig 50 and contacts the second metal member W2. The receiving member 65 is formed in a relatively thick block made of steel, and has a contact surface 65a having an area larger than the area of the tip portion (shoulder portion 11b) of the rotary tool 11, and the contact surface. 65a is contact | abutted to the surface of the 2nd jig | tool side 60 corresponding to the junction part WS among the 2nd metal members W2, and the predetermined area | region part of the circumference | surroundings, and the 1st, 2nd metal members W1, W2 are received. This predetermined region portion is the entire top portion of the convex portion W2a of the second metal member W2 made of a bolt retainer. Note that the area of the contact surface 65a of the receiving member 65 is 1.2 times or more, preferably 1.5 times or more the diameter of the shoulder portion 11b of the rotary tool 11 in consideration of the size of the joint WS. Having an area of

  In order to join the convex portions W1a, W2a of the first metal member W1 made of reinforcement and the second metal member W2 made of bolt retainer, the receiving member 65 is located above the pair of second jig members 61. The support portion 58 of the support member 55 of the first jig 50 protrudes upward from the pair of first jig members 51.

  A pressed member 80 is fixed to the distal end portion of the clamp arm 70, and an inclined engaging portion 80 a that protrudes toward the distal end side is formed on the pressed member 80. When the clamp arm 70 is in a horizontal posture, the engaging portion 80a is in a state of being gently inclined forward and downward. On the other hand, an air or hydraulic drive type drive cylinder 81 is attached to the center of the front end of the base plate 31 in the left-right direction, and the output rod 82 is provided with an inclined drive part 82a. The drive part 82a is gently inclined upward and engages with the engaging part 80a so as to be disengageable. The pressed member 80 and the drive cylinder 82 constitute a clamp drive mechanism 83, and the clamp drive mechanism 83 is operated to strongly press the second jig 60 against the first jig 50.

  Here, as described above, the second jig 60 has a configuration in which the pair of second jig members 61 having the second clamp portions 62 and the receiving member 65 are divided. Is capable of variably adjusting the relative position of the second clamp portion 62 and the contact surface 65a of the receiving member 65 in a direction orthogonal to the surfaces of the metal members W1, W2 corresponding to the joint WS (joint axis parallel direction). A position adjusting mechanism 85 (see FIGS. 11 and 12) is provided.

  As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the position adjusting mechanism 85 includes a shim 86 (spacer 86) that can be interposed between the clamp base 77 and each second jig member 61, as shown in FIG. In addition, the second jig member 61 can be switched between a state in which the second jig member 61 is fixed without the shim 86 interposed in the clamp base 77 and a state in which the second jig member 61 is fixed with the shim 86 interposed. It is. By stacking a plurality of shims 86 and providing shims 86 with various thicknesses, the relative position between the second clamp portion 62 and the contact surface 65a can be set in various ways.

Next, the friction point joining method performed using this friction point joining apparatus 1 is demonstrated.
First, the first and second metal members W1, W2 are set on the workpiece mounting plate 32 in a state where the clamp arm 70 is in a vertical posture, that is, in a state where the second jig 60 is separated from the first jig 50. To do. In this case, the first and second metal members W1 and W2 are overlapped, the positioning holes of the first metal member W1 are engaged with the positioning pins 40 and 41, and the bolt 22 coupled to the second metal member W2 is attached to the first. It is inserted into the bolt hole 53 of the jig 50 and positioned.

  Next, the air cylinder 73 is driven, and the clamp arm 70 is switched from the vertical posture to the horizontal posture. Thereafter, the clamp drive mechanism 83 is operated, and the first and second jigs 50 and 60 are used for the first and second jigs. The metal members W1 and W2 are clamped. In this case, of the first and second metal members W1 and W2, adjacent portions on the left and right sides of the joint portion WS to be spot-bonded (the flat portions on the left and right sides of the convex portions W1a and W2a) are It is pressed and clamped by one clamp part 52.

  In this state, the contact surface 65a of the receiving member 65 of the second jig 60 is in contact with the surface on the second jig 60 side corresponding to the joint WS of the second metal member W2 and a predetermined region portion around the surface. Further, the support portion 58 of the support member 55 of the first jig 50 supports the adjacent joint portion WS of the first and second metal members W1 and W2 from the first jig 50 side (lower side). Is done.

  Next, the robot 2 and the joining gun 3 are operated, and the first and second metal members W1, W2 are spot-joined. In this case, the joining gun 3 is moved to each joining position by the robot 2 and is moved from the standby position to the joining operation position. In a state where the joining gun 3 is located at the joining operation position, the receiving tool 10 of the joining gun 3 comes into contact with the contact portion 77a of the clamp base 77 from the upper side, and the rotary tool 11 includes the first and second metal members W1, W2. It is located below the joint SW.

  Thereafter, the rotary tool 11 is rotated by the rotary tool drive mechanism 12 to come into contact with the first metal member W1 and press the first and second metal members W1, W2 against the receiving member 65. At this time, the receiver 10 receives the first and second metal members W1 and W2 via the clamp base 77 and the receiving member 65. Then, at least the first metal member W1 softens and plastically flows due to frictional heat generated when the rotary tool 11 rotates in contact with the first metal member W1, and the first and second metal members W1 and W2 become soft. Spot bonded.

  The spot welding will be described in detail. When the rotary tool 11 is rotated and raised, first, the pin portion 11c of the rotary tool 11 is positioned in contact with the first metal member W1, as shown in FIG. The shoulder portion 11b abuts on the first metal member W1, and the first metal member W1 is softened by frictional heat. Next, the rotary tool 4 continues to rise further, and as shown in FIG. 17, the rotary tool 11 enters the softened first metal member W <b> 1. One metal member W1 is sheared, and the galvanized layer WZn of the second metal member W2 softened by frictional heat is diffused into the sheared portion.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 18, the first metal member W1 is plastically flowed (plastically deformed) by pressurization of the rotary tool 11, and the shearing portion spreads to the outer periphery. At the same time, the galvanized layer WZn remaining at the interface between the first metal member W1 and the second metal member W2 is also discharged to the outer periphery. At this time, since the oxide film on the surface of the first metal member W1 is brittle in nature, the oxide film is destroyed based on plastic deformation of the first metal member W1, and thus the first metal member W1 has a new surface ( A surface made of the first metal member W1 itself is formed without being covered with the oxide film.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 19, a part of the galvanized layer WZn on the surface of the second metal member W <b> 2 is taken into the first metal member W <b> 1, and the rest is around the joint WS by the pressing force of the rotary tool 11. Extruded. As a result, in the range where the galvanized layer WZn is eliminated, the first metal member W1 where the oxide film is destroyed and the new surface is exposed, and the new surface of the second metal member W2 are in direct contact (bonding). In the outer peripheral portion where the plating layer WZn remains, the first metal member W1 and the second metal member W2 are joined via a zinc-aluminum-iron compound.

According to the friction point joining apparatus 1 and the friction point joining method described above, the following effects are obtained.
At the time of spot joining, the holder 10 having a small area is not brought into direct contact with the second metal member W2, and the first and second metal members W1, W2 are reliably deformed with respect to the receiving member 65 by the rotary tool 11. The pressure applied to the second metal member W2 from the receiving member 65 can be kept low, so that the second metal member W2 can be securely attached without peeling off the galvanized layer WZn of the second metal member W2 by the receiving member 65. The first and second metal parts W1 and W2 can be reliably spot-bonded. That is, it is possible to prevent the peeled galvanized layer WZn from being deposited on the receiving member 11 and the receiving member 65. As a result, the corrosion resistance of the second metal member W2 is reduced, and the joining quality of the first and second metal members W1, W2 is reduced. It is possible to produce a bonded product with good dimensional accuracy formed by bonding the first and second metal members W1, W2.

  Here, even when the galvanized layer WZn on the second jig 60 side of the second metal member W2 is heated by the frictional heat generated when the rotary tool 11 rotates and contacts the first metal member W1, the heat is generated. Can be dissipated from the receiving member 65 having the contact surface 65a wider than the joint WS, so that heat dissipation is improved, softening of the galvanized layer WZn on the second jig 60 side is suppressed as much as possible. By maintaining the state in which the receiving member 65 and the galvanized layer WZn are in contact with each other for a predetermined time from the time of joining, heat dissipation can be improved and the galvanized layer WZn can be fixed reliably and quickly. It is possible to prevent the galvanized layer WZn on the tool 60 side from peeling off as much as possible.

  In the present embodiment, the first metal member W1 is an aluminum alloy reinforcement that reinforces the trunk lid 20 of the vehicle body, and the second metal member W2 has a bolt 22 for attaching the hinge 21 to the trunk lid 20. Since it is a steel steel bolt retainer, spot joining between the reinforcement and the bolt retainer can be performed reliably, and a joined product having the reinforcement and the bolt retainer with good dimensional accuracy can be manufactured.

  The position adjusting mechanism 85 includes a shim (spacer) that can be interposed between the clamp base 77 and the receiving member 65, and the receiving member 65 is fixed without a shim interposed between the clamp base 77 and a bolt. And a state in which the receiving member 65 is fixed with a shim interposed. in this case. By stacking a plurality of shims or providing shims with various thicknesses, the relative positions of the second clamp part 62 and the receiving member 65 can be varied.

  The second embodiment is obtained by changing the second jig 60 and the position adjusting mechanism 85 of the first embodiment, and the other parts are the same as those of the first embodiment, and thus the description thereof is omitted. As shown in FIG. 20, the second jig 60A has a pair of second jig members 61A and a receiving member 65 similar to the above, and each second jig member 61A has a divided base portion 90 and A second clamp portion 91 is provided, and the base portion 90 is fixed to the clamp base 77. The position adjustment mechanism 85A is connected to the base portion 90 in a state where the second clamp portion 91 is movably prevented from moving in the direction parallel to the joining axis, and is attached to the opposite side of the clamp base 77 by a biasing member 93. It is configured to force.

  In this position adjusting mechanism 85A, the distal end portion of the connection bolt 92 is screwed into the second clamp portion 91, and the connection bolt 92 is slidably inserted into the base portion 90 and the clamp base 77. Is movably engaged with a locking hole formed in the clamp base 77. A biasing member 93 (for example, a coil spring) is housed inside the base portion 90, and the second pressing portion 91 is biased against the base portion 90 by the biasing member 93.

  The biasing member 93 generates a relatively strong biasing force, and the biasing member 93 can variably adjust the relative position between the second clamp portion 91 and the receiving member 65 in the direction parallel to the joint axis. In addition, the first and second metal members W1, W2 can be strongly pressed at an arbitrary position. The second jig member is fixed to the clamp base 77 and connected to the clamp base 77 in a state where the receiving member 65 is movably prevented from being detached, and is attached to the opposite side of the clamp base 77 by a biasing member. You may comprise so that it may.

  The third embodiment is obtained by changing the second jig 60 and the position adjusting mechanism 85 of the first embodiment, and the other parts are the same as those of the first embodiment, and thus the description thereof is omitted. As shown in FIG. 21, the second jig 60B has a pair of second jig members 61B and a receiving member 65 similar to the above, and the second pressing portion 95 of each second jig member 61B has an inclined surface. The position adjustment mechanism 85B includes a wedge member 96 having an inclined surface 97 that slides and abuts against the second pressing portion 95 in the lateral direction, and an actuator 98 (for example, an air cylinder) that drives the wedge member 96 to move. , Electric motor, etc.).

  Although not shown, the relative position between the second clamp portion and the contact surface of the receiving member in the direction orthogonal to the surfaces of the metal members W1, W2 corresponding to the joint portion WS is determined by the position adjusting mechanisms 85, 85A, 85B. When adjusted, it is preferable to change the position at which the first metal member W1 is supported by the support member 55. In this case, a position adjustment mechanism that variably adjusts the relative position between the first clamp part 51 and the support part 85 in the joint axis parallel direction may be provided by a mechanism equivalent to the position adjustment mechanisms 85, 85A, 85B. .

  In addition, the present invention can be implemented with various modifications without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and as a friction point joining device for joining various members and first and second metal members made of various metals, The invention can be applied.

It is a side view of the robot equipped with the joining gun of the friction point joining apparatus of Example 1. It is a side view of a joining gun. It is a fragmentary sectional view of the principal part of a rotation tool. It is a side view of the workpiece | work holding | maintenance apparatus of a friction point joining apparatus. It is a top view of a workpiece holding device. It is a front view of the partial cross section of a workpiece holding apparatus. It is a bottom view of a clamp arm, a 2nd jig, etc. It is a top view of a supporting member. It is the IX-IX sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is the XX sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a 2nd jig | tool, a position adjustment mechanism, etc. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a 2nd jig | tool, a position adjustment mechanism, etc. It is a bottom view of a trunk. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a trunk lid and the 1st, 2nd metal member. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a trunk lid and the 1st, 2nd metal member. It is sectional drawing at the time of spot joining. It is sectional drawing at the time of spot joining. It is sectional drawing at the time of spot joining. It is sectional drawing at the time of spot joining. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the 2nd jig | tool of Example 2, a position adjustment mechanism, etc. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the 2nd jig | tool of Example 2, a position adjustment mechanism, etc.

Explanation of symbols

W1 1st metal member W2 2nd metal member WS Joining part 1 Friction point joining device 2 Robot 3 Joining gun 10 Receiving tool 11 Rotating tool 12 Rotating tool drive mechanism 20 Trunk lid 21 Hinge 22 Bolt 50 First jig 60, 60A, 60B Second jig (intermediate member)
51 1st clamp part 61 2nd clamp part 65 Receiving member 65a Contact surface 77a Contact part 85, 85A, 85B Position adjustment mechanism

Claims (4)

In a state in which the first metal member and the second metal member having a melting point higher than that of the first metal member and the surface of which the metal plating layer is formed are overlapped, the overlapped portion is received by the receiving device and the receiving device On the other hand, by rotating the rotating tool positioned opposite to the first and second metal members and pressing the first and second metal members, at least the first metal member is softened and plastically flowed by the frictional heat. In the friction point joining method of spot joining the first and second metal members,
Corresponding to a plurality of joining positions of the first and second metal members, a contact surface capable of contacting the second metal member with an area larger than the area of the tip of the rotary tool, and the opposite of the contact surface An intermediate member having an abutting portion that is located on the side and is capable of abutting on the receiving tool is disposed,
Move the rotating tool and the receiver to each joining position,
The receiving tool is brought into contact with the contact portion of the intermediate member at each of the joining positions, and the first and the second members are brought into contact with the contact surface of the intermediate member with the rotary tool against the intermediate member. Pressing the second metal member,
A friction point joining method, characterized in that the metal plating layer of the second metal member in the joint is softened and plastically flowed and extruded around the joint to be spot-bonded.   The friction point joining method according to claim 1, wherein the first metal member is an aluminum alloy plate, the second metal member is a steel plate, and the metal plating layer is a galvanization layer. In a state where the first metal member and the second metal member having a melting point higher than that of the first metal member and the surface of which the metal plating layer is formed are overlapped, the overlapped portion is received by the receiving tool and the receiving member On the other hand, by rotating the rotating tool located opposite to the first and second metal members and pressing the first and second metal members, at least the first metal member is softened and plastically flowed by the frictional heat. In the spot welding device for spot welding the first and second metal members,
A contact surface that is arranged corresponding to the plurality of joining positions of the first and second metal members and that abuts the second metal member at the time of joining with an area larger than the area of the tip of the rotary tool, and the contact surface An intermediate member having an abutting portion which is located on the opposite side of the abutting portion and abuts against the receiving member at the time of joining;
Rotating tool driving means for rotating the rotating tool and pressing the first and second metal members;
Equipped with a joining gun having the receiving tool, a rotating tool, and a rotating tool driving means, moving the joining gun to each joining position, a joining operation position for performing the spot joining, and a standby position retracted from the joining operation position Moving means for moving over,
A friction point welding apparatus comprising:   The friction point welding apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the moving means is a robot.

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