JP2007037472A - Collection method for quantitative counting of seaweeds, and fish and shellfish, and collecting net usable for the collection method - Google Patents

Collection method for quantitative counting of seaweeds, and fish and shellfish, and collecting net usable for the collection method Download PDF

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JP2007037472A
JP2007037472A JP2005226075A JP2005226075A JP2007037472A JP 2007037472 A JP2007037472 A JP 2007037472A JP 2005226075 A JP2005226075 A JP 2005226075A JP 2005226075 A JP2005226075 A JP 2005226075A JP 2007037472 A JP2007037472 A JP 2007037472A
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JP4445440B2 (en
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Shinya Fujisawa
真也 藤澤
Takayuki Katayama
貴之 片山
Minoru Tawara
実 田原
Keiichi Katayama
敬一 片山
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KAIYO KENSETSU KK
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a collection method for quantitative counting of seaweeds and fish and shellfish to accurately evaluate a seaweed bed or a fish bank as a fishing ground. <P>SOLUTION: The collection method for the quantitative counting of the seaweeds 3 vegetating in the fish bank 2 and the fish and shellfish 4 thronging around them by using a collecting net 1 in a surrounding net structure surrounding and blocking the horizontal direction by the net and communicating in the upper and lower direction comprises surrounding the target fish bank 2 with the collecting net 1 at first, tying up the upper part of the collecting net 1 at the upper part of the fish bank 2 to form a bag shape, cutting and floating the seaweeds 3 vegetating in the fish bank 2 by cutting the roots or at the vicinities of the roots, and at last tying up the lower part of the collecting net 1 at a part lower than the floated seaweeds 3 so as to form a closed bag shape to confine the seaweeds 3 vegetating in the fish bank 2 and the fish and shellfish 4 thronging around them, and to quantitatively count the seaweeds 3 and the fish and shellfish 4. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、漁場となる藻場又は魚礁を評価するため、前記藻場又は魚礁に植生する海藻類や蝟集する魚介類を採集する採集方法と、この採集方法に用いる採集網とに関する。   The present invention relates to a collection method for collecting seaweeds and seafood to be collected in the algae basin or fish reef and a collection net used for the collection method in order to evaluate the algae pond or fish reef as a fishing ground.

本発明において、「藻場」は海中に植生する植物、すなわち海藻類が群生する場所を、「魚礁」は海中動物、すなわち魚介類が蝟集する場所を意味し、前記各場所は自然に形成されたか、人工的に形成されたか、又は人工的な沈設物に依拠するかを問わない。また、本発明は前記藻場又は魚礁を漁場として評価する手段としての採集方法についてであるから、採集する海藻類として蝟集する働きのある人工海藻も海藻類に含まれる。   In the present invention, “algae” means a plant where plants grow in the sea, that is, seaweeds, and “fish reef” means a place where marine animals, ie, seafood gather, and each of these places is formed naturally. Whether it is artificially formed or relies on artificial deposits. Moreover, since this invention is about the collection method as a means to evaluate the said seaweed field or a fish reef as a fishing ground, the artificial seaweed which acts as a seaweed to collect is also contained in a seaweed.

漁場となる藻場又は魚礁は、植生する海藻類(特にホンダワラ類)に魚介類を蝟集し、漁場を構成する。これから、藻場又は魚礁に植生する海藻類の量や種類、更には前記海藻類に蝟集する魚介類を採集することにより、藻場又は魚礁が良好な漁場を形成しているか否かを評価できる。この藻場又は魚礁の評価は、例えば単位面積当たりの海藻類を目視や写真撮影してこの単位面積当たりの海藻類の量や種類を特定し、前記単位面積当たりの評価から、藻場又は魚礁全体を評価していた。特許文献1は、前記写真撮影を水中走行ビデオシステムを用いて省力化する技術を開示している。   The algae basin or fish reef as a fishing ground collects seafood in vegetation seaweeds (especially Honda walla) and constitutes a fishing ground. From this, it is possible to evaluate whether the seaweed or reef forms a good fishing ground by collecting the amount and type of seaweed vegetated on the seaweed or reef, and also the seafood collected in the seaweed. . The evaluation of the algae basin or fish reef is performed by, for example, visually or photographing seaweeds per unit area to identify the amount and type of seaweed per unit area, and from the evaluation per unit area, The whole was being evaluated. Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for saving the above-mentioned photography by using an underwater traveling video system.

しかし、目視、写真撮影又はビデオ撮影では、海藻類に蝟集する魚介類の量や種類を特定することが難しい。海藻類に蝟集する魚介類は、実際に採集することにより量や種類を特定できる。具体的には、例えば非特許文献1に見られるように、たも網を用いた漁法を利用して、海藻類に蝟集する魚介類を採集されている。また、非特許文献2に見られるように、海藻類に蝟集する魚介類を採集する目的で織成された専用の網(日本海区水産研究所型ソリネット)を用いたり、潜水式囲い網を用いる場合もある。更に、非特許文献3に見られるように、通常の釣り漁法を用いるほか、刺網漁法、まき網漁法、ごち網漁法や底引き網漁法も、海藻類に蝟集する魚介類の採集方法として利用されている。   However, it is difficult to specify the amount and type of seafood collected in seaweed by visual observation, photography, or video photography. The amount and type of seafood collected in seaweed can be specified by actually collecting it. Specifically, as seen in Non-Patent Document 1, for example, seafood collected on seaweed is collected using a fishing method using a net. In addition, as seen in Non-Patent Document 2, a dedicated net (Japan Sea Area Fisheries Research Institute Type Solitette) woven for the purpose of collecting seafood collected in seaweeds or a submersible enclosure is used. In some cases. Furthermore, as seen in Non-Patent Document 3, in addition to using the usual fishing method, gill net fishing method, purse seine fishing method, squirrel net fishing method and bottom net fishing method are also used as methods for collecting seafood collected on seaweeds. .

特開2002-058370号公報JP 2002-058370 A 新潟県沿岸域における人工漁礁の総合的研究と事業(119頁、新潟県水産試験場編、1985年5月)Comprehensive research and project on artificial reefs along the coast of Niigata Prefecture (119 pages, Niigata Prefectural Fisheries Experiment Station, May 1985) 沿岸漁場整備開発事業 増殖場造成計画指針 ヒラメ・アサリ編(50頁〜51頁、社団法人全国沿岸漁業振興開発協会編、平成8年度版)Coastal fishery development and development project Guidelines for breeding grounds, flatfish and clams (pages 50-51, edited by the National Coastal Fisheries Promotion Association, 1996 edition) 水産庁監修 沿岸漁場整備開発事業 増殖場造成計画指針(89頁〜90頁、社団法人全国沿岸漁業振興開発協会編、平成12年度版)Coastal fishery development project supervised by the Fisheries Agency Breeding groundland development plan guidelines (p. 89-90, edited by the National Coastal Fisheries Promotion Association, 2000 edition)

写真撮影やビデオ撮影では、藻場又は魚礁に植生する海藻類の量や種類を特定できるが、この海藻類に蝟集する魚介類の量や種類を特定することが難しい。しかし、従来の各種網を用いた漁法による魚介類の採集により、海藻類に蝟集する魚介類の量や種類を特定する場合、海藻類を採集することが難しく、この海藻類の量や種類を特定できない。すなわち、藻場又は魚礁を漁場として評価するためには、写真撮影やビデオ撮影による海藻類の特定と、従来の各種網を用いた漁法による魚介類の特定とを併用する必要があった。   In photography and video shooting, it is possible to specify the amount and type of seaweed vegetation that grows on algae beds or fish reefs, but it is difficult to specify the amount and type of seafood collected in this seaweed. However, when identifying the amount and type of seafood collected in seaweed by collecting fishery products using conventional fishing methods using various nets, it is difficult to collect seaweed. It can not be identified. That is, in order to evaluate the seaweed or fish reef as a fishing ground, it was necessary to use both seaweed identification by photography and video photography and fish and shellfish identification by fishing methods using various conventional nets.

ここで、魚介類を採集するために用いられていた従来の各種網は、そもそも魚介類を採集する目的で製造されているため、どうしても藻場又は魚礁に植生する海藻類を採集できず、結果として海藻類の特定に別の手段を用いる必要性を招いていた。そこで、魚介類と共に海藻類の採集も可能な網により、漁場として藻場又は魚礁を正確に評価するため、海藻類及び魚介類の定量的計数を目的とした採集方法を開発するため、検討した。   Here, since various conventional nets used to collect seafood are originally manufactured for the purpose of collecting seafood, seaweeds vegetated on algae beds or fish reefs cannot be collected. As a result, it was necessary to use another means to identify seaweeds. Therefore, in order to accurately evaluate seaweed beds or fish reefs as fishing grounds using a net that can collect seaweeds together with seafood, we studied to develop a collection method aimed at quantitative counting of seaweeds and seafood. .

検討の結果開発したものが、水平方向を網地により囲んで塞ぎ、上下方向に連通する囲い網構造の採集網を用いて藻場又は魚礁に植生する海藻類や蝟集する魚介類の定量的計数を目的とした採集方法であって、最初に対象となる藻場又は魚礁を採集網により囲み、この藻場又は魚礁上方で採集網の上部を括って袋状にし、次に藻場又は魚礁に植生する海藻類を根又は根付近で切断して浮上させ、最後に浮上した海藻類より下方で採集網の下部を括って閉じた袋状にすることにより、藻場又は魚礁に植生する海藻類や蝟集する魚介類を前記袋状の採集網内に閉じこめて採集する海藻類及び魚介類の定量的計数を目的とした採集方法である。この場合、採集網は、藻場又は魚礁に対して海流の上流側から囲むようにするとよい。   Developed as a result of examination, the horizontal direction is enclosed by a net and closed, and a quantitative counting of seaweed and seafood to be collected on a seaweed basin or fish reef using a collection net of a fence net structure communicating in the vertical direction First, the target algae basin or fish reef is surrounded by a collection net, and the upper part of the collection net is wrapped in a bag shape above the algae basin or fish reef, and then the algae basin or fish reef. Seaweeds planted in seaweed beds or fish reefs by cutting and floating the seaweed to be planted at or near the roots and forming a bag with the bottom of the collection net closed below the last seaweed. It is a collection method for the purpose of quantitative counting of seaweed and seafood collected by trapping and collecting seafood to be collected in the bag-shaped collection net. In this case, the collection network may be surrounded from the upstream side of the ocean current with respect to the seaweed basin or fish reef.

本発明の採集方法の特徴は、採集の対象となる海藻類及び魚介類を、閉じた袋状の採集網に閉じこめる点にある。これから、上記採集方法に代えて、水平方向及び上方向を網地により囲んで塞ぎ、下方向に開放する投網構造の採集網を用いて藻場又は魚礁に植生する海藻類や蝟集する魚介類の定量的計数を目的とした採集方法であって、最初に対象となる藻場又は魚礁に採集網を被せ、次に藻場又は魚礁に植生する海藻類を根又は根付近で切断して浮上させ、最後に浮上した海藻類より下方で採集網の下部を括って閉じた袋状にすることにより、藻場又は魚礁に植生する海藻類や蝟集する魚介類を採集網内に閉じこめて採集する海藻類及び魚介類の定量的計数を目的とした採集方法でもよい。   The characteristic of the collection method of the present invention is that the seaweed and seafood to be collected are confined in a closed bag-shaped collection net. From now on, instead of the above collection method, the horizontal direction and the upward direction are surrounded by a net and closed, and using a collection net with a throwing net structure that opens downward, seaweeds that are vegetated on seaweed beds or fish reefs and collected seafood This is a collection method for quantitative counting. First, the target algae basin or fish reef is covered with a collection net, and then the seaweed vegetated on the algae basin or fish reef is cut off at the root or near the roots and floated. The seaweed collected by trapping seaweed and seafood to be collected on the seaweed basin or fish reef by trapping the bottom of the collection net below the last floating seaweed into a closed bag shape. It may be a collection method for the purpose of quantitative counting of fish and seafood.

ここで、囲い網構造の採集網では、船から降ろした紐体により採集網の上部を括り、閉じた袋状にした採集網を前記紐体により船に回収するとよい。また、囲い網構造又は投網構造の採集網いずれでも、船から降ろした紐体により採集網の下部を括り、閉じた袋状にした採集網を前記紐体により船に回収するとよい。紐体により括る採集網の上部又は下部の位置が特定されている場合、前記上部又は下部に対応して網地の周方向に環体を並べて設けておき、前記環体に紐体を挿通して網地の上部又は下部を括ってもよい。   Here, in the collection net of the fence net structure, the upper part of the collection net is bound by the string body lowered from the ship, and the closed bag-shaped collection net is collected on the ship by the string body. Moreover, it is good to collect | recover the collection net | network which closed the lower part of the collection net | network with the string body lowered | hung from the ship, and was made into the closed bag shape to a ship with the said string body also in the collection net | network of a fence net structure or a throwing net structure. When the position of the upper or lower part of the collection net to be bound by the string is specified, ring bodies are arranged side by side in the circumferential direction of the mesh corresponding to the upper or lower part, and the string body is inserted into the ring body. You may tie the upper part or the lower part of the net.

海藻類は、採集網の網地に設けた開閉自在なスリットからこの採集網外の潜水作業員が手を挿入することにより根又は根付近を切断するとよい。この場合、使用する採集網は、本発明の採集方法に適した構造、すなわち後述するように、前記開閉自在なスリットを備えた網を用いる。このほか、海藻類が長尺な場合、藻場又は魚礁の海藻類が根付いた面、例えば前記魚礁の場合は魚礁の天井面に、網地の下縁に取り付けた沈子を載せて、前記網地の下縁から採集網外の潜水作業員が手を挿入して根又は根付近を切断するとよい。   The seaweeds may be cut at the roots or in the vicinity of the roots by inserting a hand from an openable and closable slit provided in the net of the collection net. In this case, the collection net to be used is a structure suitable for the collection method of the present invention, that is, a net provided with the openable and closable slits as described later. In addition, when the seaweed is long, the surface attached with the seaweed of the seaweed basin or the fish reef, for example, in the case of the fish reef, on the ceiling surface of the fish reef, put a sash attached to the lower edge of the netting, and A diving worker outside the collection net may cut the root or the vicinity of the root by inserting a hand from the lower edge of the net.

上記本発明の採集方法に使用する網は、従来公知の各種網を利用することもできるが、魚介類の幼稚子を採集する目的から網地の目が細かく、また網地の編み目が変形しないもじ網が好ましい。これから、本発明では、前記もじ網に、開閉自在なスリットを設けた専用の採集網を開発した。すなわち、水平方向を網地により囲んで塞ぎ、上下方向に連通する囲い網構造のもじ網であって、前記網地に開閉自在なスリットを設けた採集網を開発した。この採集網の網地は、周方向両端縁をファスナーにより開閉自在とすると好ましい。前記網地の周方向両端縁に設けるファスナーは、金属製又は樹脂製のいずれでもよいが、海上に向けてなびく海藻類を傷つけずに網に閉じこめる目的から、下から上に閉じる構成にするとよい。   As the net used in the collecting method of the present invention, various conventionally known nets can be used, but the net of the net is fine and the net of the net does not deform for the purpose of collecting seafood juveniles. A braided net is preferred. Accordingly, in the present invention, a dedicated collection network has been developed in which the above-mentioned mesh net is provided with a slit that can be opened and closed. In other words, we have developed a collection net that has a net structure that is enclosed by a mesh line in the horizontal direction and communicates in the vertical direction, and is provided with a slit that can be opened and closed. It is preferable that the netting of the collection net is openable and closable at both circumferential edges by fasteners. The fasteners provided at both ends of the mesh fabric in the circumferential direction may be made of metal or resin, but may be configured to be closed from the bottom to the top for the purpose of confining to the net without damaging the seaweed flying toward the sea. .

また、水平方向及び上方向を網地により囲んで塞ぎ、下方向に開放する投網構造のもじ網であって、前記網地に開閉自在なスリットを設けた採集網としてもよい。いずれの網においても、網地に設けるスリットは、ファスナーにより開閉自在にするとよい。この網地に設けるスリットを開閉するファスナーは、金属製又は樹脂製のいずれでもよい。また、潜水作業員による海藻類の根又は根付近の切断が効率よく実施できるように、網地の周方向にわたって複数のスリットを設け、各スリットそれぞれが独立して各ファスナーにより開閉自在にできることが好ましい。   Moreover, it is good also as a collection net | network of the net structure of the throwing net structure which closes a horizontal direction and an upper direction by surrounding with a net, and is open | released downward, Comprising: It is good also as a collection net | network which provided the openable / closable slit in the said net. In any net, the slit provided in the net is preferably opened and closed with a fastener. The fastener that opens and closes the slit provided in the mesh may be made of metal or resin. Also, a plurality of slits can be provided over the circumferential direction of the netting so that diving workers can efficiently cut the roots of the seaweed or near the roots, and each slit can be opened and closed independently by each fastener. preferable.

本発明は、藻場又は魚礁に植生する海藻類と共に、前記海藻類に蝟集する魚介類を採集して、藻場又は魚礁における海藻類及び魚介類の定量的計数が実現されることにより、漁場として藻場又は魚礁を正確に評価できる効果を有する。これは、根又は根付近で切断して浮上する海藻類、そして海藻類に蝟集する魚介類を、袋状の採集網に閉じこめて回収することによる効果である。   The present invention collects seafood collected in the seaweed together with seaweed vegetated on the seaweed field or fish reef, and realizes quantitative counting of seaweed and seafood in the seaweed field or fish reef, thereby enabling the fishing ground As an effect, it is possible to accurately evaluate seaweed beds or fish reefs. This is an effect obtained by trapping and recovering seaweeds that float by cutting at or near the roots, and seafood collected by seaweeds in a bag-shaped collection net.

こうした本発明の採集方法では、藻場又は魚礁に対して採集網を展開して囲み、まず採集網の上部を括り、その後海藻類の根又は根付近を切断して浮上させた後、今度は採集網の下部を括って、最後に袋状の採集網を回収する手順を要する。しかし、まず採集網の上部又は下部を船から降ろした紐体により括るようにすれば、採集網の回収が容易となり、本発明の採集方法における作業効率を高める効果が得られる。   In such a collecting method of the present invention, the collecting net is developed and surrounded with respect to the algae basin or the fish reef, first the upper part of the collecting net is bound, and then the root of the seaweed or the vicinity of the root is cut and floated, and this time. A procedure for collecting the bottom of the collection net and finally collecting the bag-like collection net is required. However, if the upper part or the lower part of the collection network is first bound by the string body lowered from the ship, the collection network can be easily collected, and the effect of improving the working efficiency in the collection method of the present invention can be obtained.

更に、網地に開閉自在なスリットを設けたもじ網からなる採集網を用いることで、海藻類及び魚介類をもらすことなく採集することができるばかりか、作業時間を要する海藻類の根又は根付近の切断を容易かつ短時間に実施できるようにする。このように、網地に開閉自在なスリットを設けたもじ網からなる採集網は、本発明の採集方法における作業効率を高める効果をもたらす。   Furthermore, by using a collection net made of a moji net with a slit that can be opened and closed in the net, it is possible to collect without taking seaweed and seafood, and the root or root of seaweed that requires work time. Make it possible to cut the vicinity easily and in a short time. As described above, the collection net formed of the netting net provided with the openable and closable slits in the netting has the effect of increasing the working efficiency in the collection method of the present invention.

このほか、囲い網構造の採集網では、周方向両端縁をファスナーにより開閉自在にすることで、藻場又は魚礁に対して採集網を展開して囲む作業を容易にし、本発明の採集方法における作業効率を高める効果をもたらす。   In addition, in the collection net of the fence net structure, the peripheral edges in the circumferential direction can be freely opened and closed with a fastener, thereby facilitating the work of expanding and surrounding the collection net with respect to the algae or fish reef, and in the collection method of the present invention. The effect of improving work efficiency is brought about.

以下、本発明の実施形態について図を参照しながら説明する。図1は水平方向を網地11により囲んで塞ぎ、上下方向に連通する囲い網構造のもじ網からなる採集網1の正面図、図2〜図8は本発明の採集方法の手順を表す斜視図であり、図2は折り畳んだ採集網1を海中に沈めた段階、図3は採集網1を展開した段階、図4は採集網1により魚礁2を囲んで閉じる段階、図5は採集網1の上部を括って閉じた段階、図6はスリット12を開いて海藻類3の根を切断している段階、図7は浮上した海藻類3より下方で採集網1の下部を括って閉じた段階、そして図8は閉じた袋状の採集網1を引き上げて回収する段階をそれぞれ表している。説明の便宜上、図2以下では採集網1の浮子、沈子、編み目や、潜水作業員の図示を省略し、図7及び図8では網地11のスリットの図示を省略している。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a front view of a collection network 1 composed of a net of a fence net structure that is enclosed by a mesh 11 in the horizontal direction and communicates in the vertical direction, and FIGS. 2 to 8 are perspective views showing the procedure of the collection method of the present invention. 2 is a stage in which the folded collection net 1 is submerged in the sea, FIG. 3 is a stage in which the collection net 1 is expanded, FIG. 4 is a stage in which the reef 2 is surrounded by the collection net 1, and FIG. 6 is a stage where the upper part of the seaweed 3 is closed, FIG. 6 is a stage where the root of the seaweed 3 is cut by opening the slit 12, and FIG. FIG. 8 shows a stage in which the closed bag-shaped collection net 1 is pulled up and collected. For convenience of explanation, the float, sink, and stitches of the collection net 1 and the diving worker are not shown in FIG. 2 and the subsequent figures, and the slit of the net 11 is omitted in FIGS.

本発明の採集方法は、採集対象となる藻場又は魚礁を囲んで海藻類及び魚介類を閉じこめる袋状に形成できる囲い網構造又は投網構造であれば、従来公知の各種網を利用できる。しかし、採集方法の各段階の作業、特に海藻類の根又は根付近を切断して浮上させる作業を効率よく実施するためには、図1に見られるように、開閉自在なスリット12を網地11に設けた囲い網構造のもじ網からなる専用の採集網1を用いることが望ましい。   In the collection method of the present invention, conventionally known various types of nets can be used as long as they are a net structure or a net structure that can be formed into a bag shape that encloses the seaweed or fish reef to be collected and encloses seaweed and seafood. However, in order to efficiently carry out the work at each stage of the collection method, particularly the work of cutting or floating the roots of seaweeds or the vicinity of the roots, as shown in FIG. It is desirable to use a dedicated collection network 1 made of a net with a fence net structure provided in 11.

本例の採集網1は、天井面21に植生した海藻類3と共に魚礁2(図2以下参照)を水平方向から囲むことのできる大きさの長方形をした囲い網構造のもじ網からなる。もじ網は、変形しにくい正方形の細かな編み目を有し、本発明の採集対象となる魚介類4、特に幼稚子の採集に適している。この採集網1は、従来公知の各種網と同様に、上縁には複数の浮子13を取り付け、また下縁には複数の沈子14を取り付けている。これにより、展開した採集網1は上下方向を保ち、周方向に折り曲げることで魚礁2を水平方向から囲むことができる。このとき、採集網1の編み目が小さすぎると、採集網1を展開、折り曲げる際の抵抗が大きくなるので、採集対象となる魚介類の大きさに合わせて編み目の下限を設定し、不必要に小さな編み目にならないようにするとよい。   The collection net 1 of the present example is composed of a net of a rectangular net having a rectangular size that can surround the fish reef 2 (see FIG. 2 and the following) together with the seaweed 3 vegetated on the ceiling surface 21. The koji net has fine square stitches that are not easily deformed, and is suitable for collecting the seafood 4 to be collected according to the present invention, particularly infants. The collection net 1 has a plurality of floats 13 attached to the upper edge and a plurality of sinks 14 attached to the lower edge, as in various conventionally known nets. Thereby, the unfolded collection net 1 can maintain the vertical direction and can surround the fish reef 2 from the horizontal direction by bending in the circumferential direction. At this time, if the stitches of the collection net 1 are too small, the resistance when the collection net 1 is expanded and folded increases, so the lower limit of the stitches is set according to the size of the seafood to be collected, and is unnecessary. Try to avoid small stitches.

本例の採集網1の特徴は、周方向両端縁をファスナー151(本例では、周方向両端縁それぞれに並ぶエレメントの列により図示)により開閉自在とし、更に網地11にはファスナー121により開閉自在なスリット12を周方向に複数設けている点にある。周方向両端縁のファスナー151は、一対のエレメント(鉤爪又はレール)が完全に分離する構成で、魚礁2を水平方向から囲んだ後、スライダ152により前記エレメントを下端で係合し、前記スライダ152を引き上げていくことで周方向両端縁を閉じる(図4参照)。   The feature of the collection net 1 of this example is that both end edges in the circumferential direction can be opened and closed by fasteners 151 (in this example, illustrated by rows of elements arranged on both ends in the circumferential direction), and the mesh 11 is opened and closed by fasteners 121. This is because a plurality of free slits 12 are provided in the circumferential direction. The fasteners 151 at both ends in the circumferential direction are configured such that a pair of elements (claws or rails) are completely separated. After the fish reef 2 is surrounded from the horizontal direction, the sliders 152 are engaged with the elements at the lower ends. By pulling up, both edges in the circumferential direction are closed (see FIG. 4).

ファスナー121により開閉自在なスリット12は採集網1の上下方向に開閉する構成で、本例では網地11の上下方向中段付近に、周方向等間隔で9列設けてある。各スリット12は、ファスナー121のスライダ122を下から上に引き上げることで開き、スライダ122を引き下げることで完全に閉じることができる。これにより、魚礁2を水平方向から囲んで採集網1の上部を括った後、潜水作業員が個別にスリット12を開いて手を挿入し、採集網1に囲まれた魚礁2の天井面21に植生した海藻類3の根又は根付近を千切って切断する。   The slits 12 that can be opened and closed by the fasteners 121 are configured to open and close in the vertical direction of the collection net 1, and in this example, nine rows are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction near the middle of the net 11 in the vertical direction. Each slit 12 can be opened by pulling up the slider 122 of the fastener 121 from below, and can be completely closed by pulling down the slider 122. As a result, after enclosing the reef 2 from the horizontal direction and tying the upper part of the collection net 1, a diving worker individually opens the slit 12 and inserts a hand, and the ceiling surface 21 of the reef 2 surrounded by the collection net 1. Cut the roots of the seaweed 3 vegetatively or near the roots and cut them.

このほか、本例の採集網1は、魚礁2に対して海流の上流側に折り畳んだ状態で沈めることができるように、上縁中央及び下縁中央に縛り紐16,16を設けている。また、前記上縁中央の縛り紐16と同じ高さに、アンカーロープ61を結びつける位置決め環17を設けている。位置決め環17は、例えば船5から降ろした錨51のチェーン52から延ばしたアンカーロープ61を結びつけて前記チェーン52に対して採集網1を吊り上げ、海流に対する採集網1の向きを保持させたり、採集網1が上下方向に崩れることを防止する。   In addition, the collection net 1 of this example is provided with straps 16 and 16 at the center of the upper edge and the center of the lower edge so that it can be sunk in a state where it is folded upstream of the ocean current with respect to the fish reef 2. Further, a positioning ring 17 for tying the anchor rope 61 is provided at the same height as the tie strap 16 at the center of the upper edge. For example, the positioning ring 17 ties the anchor rope 61 extended from the chain 52 of the anchor 51 lowered from the ship 5 to suspend the collection network 1 with respect to the chain 52 so that the direction of the collection network 1 with respect to the ocean current is maintained. The net 1 is prevented from collapsing in the vertical direction.

図示は省略するが、本発明に基づく投網構造のもじ網からなる採集網も、上記囲い網構造のもじ網からなる採集網同様の構成により作ることができる。すなわち、投網構造のもじ網からなる採集網は、初めから上部が括られた構成であるため、縛り紐は下縁中央のみに設ける。また、網地の周方向両端に設けるファスナーは、魚礁に採集網を被せる際の抵抗を減らすため、最初網地を開いた状態にするために設ける。このほか、潜水作業員が手を挿入する開閉自在なスリットや、アンカーロープを結びつける位置決め環は、囲い網構造のもじ網からなる採集網同様に設けると、投網構造のもじ網からなる採集網の取り扱いが便利になる。   Although not shown in the drawings, the collection network composed of the grid network having the throwing net structure according to the present invention can also be made by the same configuration as the collection network composed of the fence network having the above-described enclosure network structure. In other words, the collection net made of the net structure of the throwing net structure has a configuration in which the upper part is confined from the beginning, so that the binding string is provided only at the center of the lower edge. Also, fasteners provided at both ends in the circumferential direction of the net are provided to initially open the net to reduce resistance when the fishing net is covered with the collection net. In addition, an openable and closable slit for inserting a hand by a diving worker and a positioning ring for linking an anchor rope can be provided in the same manner as a collecting net made of a fence net structure. Handling becomes convenient.

次に、投網構造のもじ網からなる採集網1を用いた採集方法の手順について説明する。採集網1は、図2に見られるように、縛り紐16,16で上縁及び下縁を縛って折り畳んだ状態にし、採集対象となる魚礁2付近の海中に沈める。採集網1を最初から展開した状態にしておくと、海中に沈めにくいばかりか、採集対象となる魚礁2をうまく囲むことができない。このため、本例のように折り畳んだ状態の採集網1を海中に沈めることが望ましい。ここで、浮子13及び沈子14の働きにより、採集網1は下縁を海底7に接地させ、この海底7に対して略直立姿勢となる。   Next, the procedure of the collection method using the collection network 1 composed of the throwing net structure will be described. As shown in FIG. 2, the collection net 1 is folded by tying the upper and lower edges with tie straps 16, 16, and submerged in the sea near the fish reef 2 to be collected. If the collection net 1 is left unfolded from the beginning, it will not only be difficult to sink into the sea, but it will not be able to surround the reef 2 to be collected well. For this reason, it is desirable to sink the collection network 1 in a folded state as in this example. Here, due to the action of the float 13 and the sink 14, the collection network 1 causes the lower edge to come into contact with the seabed 7 and assumes a substantially upright posture with respect to the seabed 7.

また、折り畳んだ採集網1は、採集対象となる魚礁2に対して海流(図2以下、図中3本の太矢印参照)の上流側に沈めるとよい。これにより、縛り紐16,16を解いて展開した採集網1は、図3に見られるように、周方向両端を海流に乗せて魚礁2を囲むように折り曲げていくことができ、採集網1による魚礁2の囲い込みが容易になる。この囲い込み作業では、沈子14の働きで下縁を海底7に摺接させ、海流の方向に直交する平面状の略直立姿勢にある採集網1を、魚礁2に対して丸めていく格好となる。   In addition, the folded collection net 1 may be submerged upstream of the ocean current (see FIG. 2 and below, three thick arrows in the figure) with respect to the fish reef 2 to be collected. As a result, the collection net 1 unfolded by tying the straps 16 and 16 can be folded so as to surround the fish reef 2 by placing both ends in the circumferential direction on the ocean current, as shown in FIG. Enclosure of the fish reef 2 becomes easier. In this enclosing operation, the bottom edge is slid in contact with the seabed 7 by the action of the sink 14, and the flat collection net 1 perpendicular to the direction of the ocean current is rolled up against the reef 2. Become.

このとき、採集網1の周方向中央が魚礁2に対して海流の上流側の位置を保つように、採集網1の上縁中央の位置決め環17と船5から降ろした錨51のチェーン52とをアンカーロープ61で結びつけておく。これにより、採集網1は周方向中央を常に魚礁2に対して海流の上流側に位置させておくことができ、加えてアンカーロープ61が採集網1を吊り上げる格好になるため、採集網1が垂れ下がる虞が少なくなり、囲い込み作業のほか、以後の各種作業の実施を容易にする。   At this time, the positioning ring 17 at the center of the upper edge of the collection net 1 and the chain 52 of the anchor 51 lowered from the ship 5 so that the circumferential center of the collection net 1 maintains the upstream position of the ocean current with respect to the fish reef 2. Are tied with the anchor rope 61. As a result, the collection network 1 can always keep the center in the circumferential direction upstream of the ocean current with respect to the fish reef 2, and in addition, the anchor rope 61 looks like lifting the collection network 1. The possibility of hanging down is reduced, and it is easy to perform various operations in addition to the enclosing operation.

次に、展開し、周方向両端縁を魚礁に対して回り込ませた採集網1を、図4に見られるように、前記両端縁に設けたファスナー151により係合し、閉じていく。本例の採集網1は、スライダ152(図1参照)を下から上に移動させて一対のエレメントを係合させていくファスナー151を周方向両端縁に採用している。これから、魚礁2の天井面21に植生した海藻類3をファスナー151で挟むことなく、魚礁2と共に海藻類3を水平方向から囲んだ採集網1の内側に閉じこめることができる。この段階では、採集網1は上下方向に連通している。   Next, as shown in FIG. 4, the collection net 1 that has been unfolded and has both circumferential edges wrapped around the fish reef is engaged and closed by fasteners 151 provided at the both edges. The collection net 1 of this example employs fasteners 151 that engage a pair of elements by moving a slider 152 (see FIG. 1) from the bottom to the top at both circumferential edges. From this, the seaweed 3 vegetated on the ceiling surface 21 of the fish reef 2 can be confined inside the collection net 1 that surrounds the seaweed 3 together with the fish reef 2 from the horizontal direction without being sandwiched by the fasteners 151. At this stage, the collection network 1 communicates in the vertical direction.

こうして水平方向の囲い込みを終えた採集網1は、図5に見られるように、海藻類3の上方にあたる採集網1の上部をロープ(紐体)62で括り、下方のみ開いた袋状にする。実際に括る採集網1の上部は、採集対象となる藻場又は魚礁、そして前記藻場又は魚礁に植生する海藻類の大きさや量によって異なるため、採集網1と別体のロープ62で適当な部位を適宜括るとよい。この場合、採集網1の高さが十分にあれば、例えば上縁から一定の距離離れた部分に環体を設け、この環体に挿通したロープで採集網の特定上部を括ってもよい。ここで、投網構造の採集網であれば、この上部を括る作業が不要となる。   As shown in FIG. 5, the collection net 1 that has been enclosed in the horizontal direction is wrapped in a rope (string body) 62 at the top of the collection net 1 that is above the seaweed 3, and is formed into a bag shape that opens only below. . The upper part of the collection net 1 that is actually bundled varies depending on the size and amount of the seaweed basin or fish reef to be collected and the seaweed vegetated on the algae basin or fish reef. It is good to tie up a part suitably. In this case, if the height of the collection network 1 is sufficiently high, for example, a ring body may be provided at a part away from the upper edge by a certain distance, and a specific upper portion of the collection network may be bound by a rope inserted through the ring body. Here, in the case of a collection net having a throwing net structure, the work of tying up the upper part is not necessary.

魚礁2は、こうして上部のみが閉鎖された袋状の採集網1により、外界と隔絶された状態となり、この採集網1内に海藻類3と前記海藻類3に蝟集する魚介類4、特に幼稚子が閉じこめられる。この段階から、魚礁2の天井面21から海藻類3を切断、分離する。具体的には、図6に見られるように、潜水作業員(図示略)が選択的にスリット12のファスナー121をスライダ122(図1参照)の昇降により開き、この開いたスリット12から採集網1の内側に手を差し込んで、海藻類3の根又は根付近を切断、分離する。このように、潜水作業員が選択したスリット12のみを必要な時間(=海藻類を切断、分離する時間)だけ開口することで、魚礁2を外界と隔絶した採集網1から閉じこめた魚介類4が流出することを最小限に抑える。   The fish reef 2 is thus isolated from the outside by a bag-shaped collection net 1 whose upper part is closed. The seaweed 3 and the seafood 4 collected in the seaweed 3 are collected in the collection net 1. The child is confined. From this stage, the seaweed 3 is cut and separated from the ceiling surface 21 of the fish reef 2. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 6, a diving worker (not shown) selectively opens the fastener 121 of the slit 12 by raising and lowering the slider 122 (see FIG. 1). 1. Insert a hand inside 1 and cut or separate the roots of the seaweed 3 or the vicinity of the roots. In this way, the fish and shellfish 4 in which the fish reef 2 is confined from the collection net 1 isolated from the outside world by opening only the slit 12 selected by the submersible worker for a necessary time (= time for cutting and separating seaweeds). Minimize spillage.

魚礁2の天井面21から切断、分離された海藻類3は、自身の浮力で浮き上がり、閉鎖された採集網1の上部に溜まっていく。このとき、海藻類3に蝟集した大半の魚介類4は、海藻類3の上昇と共に海藻類3に付き従って、閉鎖された採集網1の上部に移動する。これにより、魚礁2の天井面21に植生したすべての海藻類3を切断、分離して浮上させた後、前記海藻類3の下方で採集網1の下部をロープ(紐体)63で括って閉じると、図7に見られるように、閉じた袋状の採集網1の内部に、海藻類3及び魚介類4を閉じこめることができる。   The seaweed 3 cut and separated from the ceiling surface 21 of the fish reef 2 floats by its own buoyancy and accumulates on the upper part of the closed collection net 1. At this time, most of the seafood 4 collected in the seaweed 3 attaches to the seaweed 3 as the seaweed 3 rises, and thus moves to the upper part of the closed collection net 1. As a result, all the seaweed 3 vegetated on the ceiling surface 21 of the fish reef 2 is cut, separated and floated, and the lower part of the collection net 1 is bound with a rope (string) 63 below the seaweed 3. When closed, as shown in FIG. 7, the seaweed 3 and the seafood 4 can be confined inside the closed bag-shaped collection net 1.

ここで、採集網1の下部を括るロープ63は、上部を括るロープ62同様、採集網1と別体である方が取り扱いやすく、潜水作業員による網地11を括る作業が容易になる。加えて、船5から降ろしたロープ63を用いて採集網1の下部を括ることで、図8に見られるように、このロープ63を船5から引っぱり上げると、内部に海藻類3及び魚介類4を閉じこめた袋状の採集網1を容易に回収できる。ここで、本例では、採集網1の下部を括って閉じた袋状にするまで、アンカーロープ61により採集網1を吊り下げている(図2〜図7参照)が、例えば魚礁2を囲んだ段階(図4参照)、採集網1の上部を括った段階(図5参照)又は海藻類3を切断、分離した段階(図6参照)等、任意の段階でアンカーロープ61を外してもよいし、最終的に採集網1を引き上げて回収する段階(図8参照)までアンカーロープ61を外さなくてもよい。   Here, the rope 63 that ties the lower part of the collection net 1 is easier to handle than the rope 62 that ties the upper part, and it is easier to handle the net 11 by the diving worker. In addition, when the rope 63 is pulled down from the ship 5 as shown in FIG. 8 by tying the lower part of the collection network 1 using the rope 63 lowered from the ship 5, the seaweed 3 and the seafood are inside. The bag-shaped collection net 1 in which 4 is enclosed can be easily collected. Here, in this example, the collection net 1 is suspended by the anchor rope 61 until the lower portion of the collection net 1 is closed into a closed bag shape (see FIGS. 2 to 7). Even if the anchor rope 61 is removed at any stage, such as the stage where the upper part of the collection net 1 is wrapped (see FIG. 5) or the seaweed 3 is cut and separated (see FIG. 6) The anchor rope 61 may not be removed until the collection net 1 is finally pulled up and collected (see FIG. 8).

例えば囲い網構造の採集網1の場合、上部を船から降ろしたロープで括ることも考えられる。しかし、図8に明らかなように、採集網1は括った下部より下方になお網地11が連続しており、この網地11が採集網1を引き上げる際の抵抗となる。これから、海藻類3及び魚介類4を閉じこめた袋状の部分と、括った下部から下方に連続する網地11との重量バランスを図る意味から、下部を括るロープ63を船5から降ろし、この下部を中心に採集網1を引き上げるとよい。   For example, in the case of the collection net 1 having an enclosure structure, it is conceivable that the upper part is bound with a rope that is lowered from the ship. However, as apparent from FIG. 8, the collection net 1 is still connected to the net 11 below the lower part, and the net 11 serves as a resistance when the collection net 1 is pulled up. In order to balance the weight of the bag-like portion containing the seaweed 3 and seafood 4 and the net 11 that continues downward from the tied lower part, the rope 63 that ties the lower part is lowered from the ship 5, The collection net 1 may be pulled up around the lower part.

こうして回収された採集網1の上部及び下部のロープ62,63を解くことで、採集された海藻類3及び魚介類4を採集網1から取り出し、魚礁2を評価するための前記海藻類3及び魚介類4の定量的計数を実施できる。既述したように、閉じた袋状の採集網1に閉じこめて採集された海藻類3及び魚介類4は、魚礁2の天井面21に植生した海藻類3はもちろん、前記海藻類3に蝟集した大半の魚介類4であることから、この海藻類3及び魚介類4の定量的計数は、採集対象とした魚礁2の漁場としての評価となる。   The collected seaweed 3 and seafood 4 are removed from the collection net 1 by unraveling the upper and lower ropes 62 and 63 of the collected net 1 collected in this way, and the seaweed 3 and the seaweed 3 for evaluating the fish reef 2 and Quantitative counting of seafood 4 can be performed. As described above, the seaweed 3 and the seafood 4 collected by being enclosed in the closed bag-shaped collection net 1 are collected in the seaweed 3 as well as the seaweed 3 vegetated on the ceiling surface 21 of the fish reef 2. Therefore, the quantitative counting of the seaweed 3 and the seafood 4 is evaluated as a fishing ground for the fish reef 2 to be collected.

水平方向を網地により囲んで塞ぎ、上下方向に連通する囲い網構造のもじ網からなる採集網の正面図である。It is a front view of the collection net | network which consists of the net | network net | network of the surrounding net structure which blocks | closes and closes a horizontal direction with a net, and communicates in an up-down direction. 折り畳んだ採集網を海中に沈めた段階を表す斜視図である。It is a perspective view showing the step which sunk the folded collection net in the sea. 採集網を展開した段階を表す斜視図である。It is a perspective view showing the stage which unfolded the collection net. 採集網により魚礁を囲んで閉じる段階を表す斜視図である。It is a perspective view showing the stage which surrounds a fish reef by a collection net and closes it. 採集網の上部を括って閉じた段階を表す斜視図である。It is a perspective view showing the step which bundled and closed the upper part of the collection net. スリットを開いて海藻類の根を切断している段階を表す斜視図である。It is a perspective view showing the step which has opened the slit and cut | disconnecting the root of seaweed. 浮上した海藻類より下方で採集網の下部を括って閉じた段階を表す斜視図である。It is a perspective view showing the step which closed the lower part of the collection net below the seaweed which floated. 閉じた袋状の採集網を引き上げて回収する段階を表す斜視図である。It is a perspective view showing the step which pulls up and collects a closed bag-like collection net.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1 採集網
11 網地
12 スリット
121 スリットのファスナー
122 スライダ
13 浮子
14 沈子
151 両端縁のファスナー
152 スライダ
16 縛り紐
17 位置決め環
2 魚礁
21 天井面
3 海藻類
4 魚介類
5 船
51 錨
52 チェーン
61 アンカーロープ
62 採集網の上部を括るロープ
63 採集網の下部を括るロープ
7 海底
1 Collection network
11 Net
12 Slit
121 Zipper for slit
122 Slider
13 Float
14 Seiko
151 Fasteners at both edges
152 Slider
16 Tie
17 Positioning Ring 2 Fish Reef
21 Ceiling 3 Seaweed 4 Seafood 5 Ship
51 錨
52 chain
61 Anchor rope
62 Rope around the top of the collection net
63 Rope that ties the bottom of the collection network 7 Seabed

Claims (9)

水平方向を網地により囲んで塞ぎ、上下方向に連通する囲い網構造の採集網を用いて藻場又は魚礁に植生する海藻類や蝟集する魚介類の定量的計数を目的とした採集方法であって、最初に対象となる藻場又は魚礁を採集網により囲み、該藻場又は魚礁上方で採集網の上部を括って袋状にし、次に藻場又は魚礁に植生する海藻類を根又は根付近で切断して浮上させ、最後に浮上した海藻類より下方で採集網の下部を括って閉じた袋状にすることにより、藻場又は魚礁に植生する海藻類や蝟集する魚介類を前記袋状の採集網内に閉じこめて採集する海藻類及び魚介類の定量的計数を目的とした採集方法。 This is a collection method for the purpose of quantitative counting of seaweeds and seafood collected in seaweed beds or fish reefs using a collection net with a fence net structure that is surrounded by a mesh area in the horizontal direction and connected vertically. First, the target algae or fish reef is surrounded by a collection net, the upper part of the collection net is wrapped in a bag shape above the algae or fish reef, and then the seaweed planted on the algae or fish reef is rooted or rooted. Cut and float near the seaweed, and close the bottom of the collection net below the last seaweed to form a closed bag shape. Collection method for the purpose of quantitative counting of seaweeds and seafood collected by confining them in a net-shaped collection net. 水平方向及び上方向を網地により囲んで塞ぎ、下方向に開放する投網構造の採集網を用いて藻場又は魚礁に植生する海藻類や蝟集する魚介類の定量的計数を目的とした採集方法であって、最初に対象となる藻場又は魚礁に採集網を被せ、次に藻場又は魚礁に植生する海藻類を根又は根付近で切断して浮上させ、最後に浮上した海藻類より下方で採集網の下部を括って閉じた袋状にすることにより、藻場又は魚礁に植生する海藻類や蝟集する魚介類を採集網内に閉じこめて採集する海藻類及び魚介類の定量的計数を目的とした採集方法。 A collection method for the purpose of quantitative counting of seaweeds and seafood to be collected on seaweed beds or fish reefs by using a collection net with a throwing net structure that is closed and surrounded by netting in the horizontal and upper directions. First, cover the target algae basin or fish reef with a collection net, then cut the sea algae vegetated on the algae basin or fish reef at the root or near the root and float up, below the last algae By enclosing the bottom of the collection net in a closed bag shape, the seaweed and seafood to be collected in the collection net can be quantitatively counted by collecting the seaweed vegetated on the algae basin or fish reef and the seafood to be collected. The intended collection method. 採集網は、船から降ろした紐体により採集網の上部を括り、閉じた袋状にした採集網を前記紐体により船に回収する請求項1記載の海藻類及び魚介類の定量的計数を目的とした採集方法。 The collection net is used to quantitate the seaweed and seafood quantitative counts according to claim 1, wherein the upper part of the collection net is bound by a string lowered from the ship, and the closed bag-shaped collection net is collected on the ship by the string. The intended collection method. 採集網は、船から降ろした紐体により採集網の下部を括り、閉じた袋状にした採集網を前記紐体により船に回収する請求項1又は2いずれか記載の海藻類及び魚介類の定量的計数を目的とした採集方法。 The collection net is used to tie the lower part of the collection net with a string lowered from the ship, and collect the closed bag-shaped collection net on the ship with the string body. Collection method for the purpose of quantitative counting. 海藻類は、採集網の網地に設けた開閉自在なスリットから該採集網外の潜水作業員が手を挿入することにより根又は根付近を切断する請求項1又は2いずれか記載の海藻類及び魚介類の定量的計数を目的とした採集方法。 The seaweed according to any one of claims 1 and 2, wherein the seaweed cuts the root or the vicinity of the root by inserting a hand from an openable and closable slit provided in the net of the collection net. And a collection method for the purpose of quantitative counting of seafood. 水平方向を網地により囲んで塞ぎ、上下方向に連通する囲い網構造のもじ網であって、前記網地に開閉自在なスリットを設けてなる海藻類及び魚介類の定量的計数を目的とした採集網。 It is a fence net structure with a mesh structure that is enclosed by a mesh line in the horizontal direction and communicates in the vertical direction, and is intended for quantitative counting of seaweeds and seafoods that are provided with a slit that can be opened and closed in the mesh pattern. Collection net. 網地は、周方向両端縁をファスナーにより開閉自在とした請求項6記載の海藻類及び魚介類の定量的計数を目的とした採集網。 The net is a collection net for the purpose of quantitative counting of seaweeds and seafood according to claim 6, wherein both ends of the circumferential direction can be freely opened and closed by fasteners. 水平方向及び上方向を網地により囲んで塞ぎ、下方向に開放する投網構造のもじ網であって、前記網地に開閉自在なスリットを設けてなる海藻類及び魚介類の定量的計数を目的とした採集網。 A horizontal net and upper direction surrounded by a net, closed, and opened in a downward direction. A netting structure with a slit that can be opened and closed in the net for the purpose of quantitative counting of seaweeds and seafood. A collection network. スリットは、ファスナーにより開閉自在とした請求項6〜8いずれか記載の海藻類及び魚介類の定量的計数を目的とした採集網。 The collection net for the purpose of quantitatively counting seaweed and seafood according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the slit is openable and closable by a fastener.
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