JP2007025996A - Electronic file processor - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To quickly print an electronic file without being opened, and to prevent the occurrence of situation unexpected by a user as much as possible by notifying a user of printing attribute information such as the number of pages before performing the printing of the electronic file. <P>SOLUTION: This electronic file processor configured so that the electronic file is transmitted to a printer and printed is provided with: a print instructing means 21 for instructing the print of the electronic file without opening the contents; a print attribute information acquisition means 22 for acquiring print attribute information DZ relating to the print of the electronic file whose printing is instructed when the instruction of print is made by the print instructing means 21; a printing attribute display control means 24 for displaying the printing attribute display screen including the acquired print attribute information on the display screen of a display device 11; and a transmitting means 26 for transmitting the electronic file whose print has been instructed to a printer 15. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an electronic file processing apparatus configured to be able to transmit an electronic file to a printer for printing.

  Conventionally, various documents, figures, photographs, etc. are converted into electronic data and managed as electronic files. By starting an appropriate application program, the user can open a desired electronic file selected from the list and display it on the display surface, and can refer to, modify, and edit the contents. Further, it can be printed by a printer as needed, attached to an e-mail, and sent to another user.

  Further, by performing a drag and drop operation on the selected electronic file, it is possible to print the electronic file as it is without opening it.

Conventionally, various systems have been proposed in which data is transmitted from a processing apparatus to a printer for printing. For example, according to the system of Patent Document 1, a mediation server and a plurality of image forming apparatuses are connected via a network, and a server that receives print data from a client prints to an image forming apparatus with the lowest printing cost. Request execution.
JP 2002-251271 A

  When printing is performed without opening the electronic file as in the case of printing by the drag-and-drop operation described above, it is not necessary to start the application, so that printing can be performed as quickly as possible. However, the user cannot know information that cannot be known unless the file is opened, for example, the number of pages, paper size, color or monochrome.

  Therefore, when printing is actually performed, if the number of pages is large, contrary to the user's expectation, a large amount of paper is consumed, the printer is occupied, and the printed document is printed even though the printer is monochrome. May be in color or vice versa, causing various inconveniences.

  In the system of Patent Document 1 above, on the image forming apparatus side that has received a request for printing estimation from the server, the server calculates the printing cost using the number of pages of the file as basic data. Is not displayed on the display device, and the print data is sent to the printer through the processing of the mediation server, the server on the image forming apparatus side, etc. It takes time to execute printing.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and can quickly print an electronic file without opening the electronic file, and can also provide the user with print attribute information such as the number of pages before printing the electronic file. The purpose is to notify and avoid as much as possible the situation that the user did not expect.

  An apparatus according to the present invention is an electronic file processing apparatus configured to be able to send an electronic file to a printer for printing, and to instruct the electronic file to print without opening the contents A printing attribute information acquisition unit for acquiring printing attribute information relating to printing for the electronic file for which the printing instruction has been issued, and the acquired printing attribute information. A printing attribute display control unit configured to display the included printing attribute display screen on a display surface of the display device; and a transmission unit configured to transmit the electronic file instructed to be printed to the printer.

  Preferably, the print attribute information includes the number of pages of the electronic file, and the print attribute display screen is a button for instructing whether or not to continue the print instruction by the print instruction unit. Is displayed.

  In addition, printer setting means for setting in advance a printer capable of printing is provided, and the printer set by the printer setting means is displayed on the display surface, and the transmission means selects the printer from the displayed printers. It is possible to designate a printer that transmits an electronic file and performs printing.

  Further, it is possible to designate each page to be printed with respect to the electronic file instructed to print to the printer displayed on the display surface.

  In addition, the printer includes a printing capability acquisition unit that acquires printing capability information that is information related to the printing capability from the printer, and a printing time calculation unit that calculates a predicted time required for printing the electronic file based on the printing capability information. Further, there is provided detailed display instruction means for giving an instruction to display the calculated estimated time on a screen different from the print attribute display screen.

  Further, a printing speed measuring unit for measuring a printing speed in the printer is provided, and the printing capability information can be corrected based on the printing speed measured by the printing speed measuring unit.

  Also provided are printer setting means for setting in advance a printer capable of printing, and means for automatically selecting a printer with the shortest time required for printing the electronic file from among the plurality of set printers. .

  In addition, execution condition registration means is provided for preregistering execution conditions for determining whether or not to execute display by the print attribute display means for one or more items of the print attribute information of the electronic file, When the execution condition is registered, the display by the print attribute display unit is executed only when the print attribute information acquired by the print attribute information acquisition unit satisfies the registered execution condition.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to print quickly without opening the electronic file, and notify the user of printing attribute information such as the number of pages before executing the printing of the electronic file, and the situation that the user did not expect Can be avoided as much as possible.

  FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a hardware configuration of an electronic file processing system 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a functional configuration of a processing apparatus 10.

  In FIG. 1, an electronic file processing system 1 includes a processing device 10, a display device 11, a storage device 12, an input device 13 such as a keyboard 13a and a mouse 13b, a scanner 14, and a plurality of printers 15a connected via a LAN. , 15b, 15c and the like.

  The processing device 10 includes a CPU, a RAM, a ROM, other peripheral circuit elements, an interface circuit, and the like. The processing apparatus 10 can generate, modify, edit, and manage electronic files including various documents, graphics, photographs, and the like. It is also possible to manage electronic files attached to e-mails received via a network (not shown) in the same manner. Then, by starting an appropriate application program, it is possible to open a desired electronic file selected by the user and display the contents on the display surface HG of the display device 11. In addition, printing can be instructed without opening the contents of the electronic file, and at that time, printing attribute information (file contents) relating to printing for the electronic file instructed to be printed is displayed on the display surface HG. Can do. Various functions of the processing device 10 are realized by the CPU executing an appropriate program, or by cooperating with the built-in hardware. Details of the functions of the processing apparatus 10 will be described later.

  The display device 11 includes a CRT, an LCD, or the like, and displays a print attribute display screen, which will be described later, and other screens on the display surface HG.

  The storage device 12 stores the created electronic file, the electronic file input from the outside, and other data and programs. As the storage device 12, a magnetic disk, a magneto-optical disk, a semiconductor memory, or various recording media and their drive devices can be used.

  The input device 13 is used to input data, commands, instructions, or the like to the processing device 10 by a user operation. The scanner 14 is a color scanner that reads a document, a figure, a photograph, and the like, converts it into electronic data, and generates an electronic file.

  The printers 15a, 15b, and 15c are color or monochrome digital printers, and print electronic files and other data transmitted from the processing apparatus 10 on paper. In addition, all or part of the printers 15a, 15b, and 15c may be described as “printer 15”.

  In the present embodiment, an example in which the electronic file processing system 1 is configured based on a personal computer will be described, but other various forms can be employed. For example, a multi-function peripheral or MFP (Multi Function Peripherals) can be applied as the processing apparatus 10. It is also possible to use a multifunction device or MFP as the printer 15. At that time, they can be connected to each other via a network such as a LAN or the Internet.

  2, the processing apparatus 10 includes a print instruction unit 21, a file analysis unit 22, a print time analysis unit 23, a print attribute display control unit 24, an execution condition registration unit 25, a printer control unit 26, and a user interface 28. Provided.

  The file analysis unit 22 is provided with an attribute information acquisition unit 31. The printing time analysis unit 23 includes a printing time calculation unit 33 and a printing speed measurement unit 34. The print attribute display control unit 24 is provided with a continuation instruction unit 36. The printer control unit 26 includes a data transmission unit 38, a data reception unit 39, a printer setting unit 40, and a data storage unit 41.

  The print instruction unit 21 instructs printing on a large number of electronic files DF stored in the storage device 12 without opening the contents in accordance with the operation of the input device 13 by the user.

  The attribute information acquisition unit 31 acquires attribute information DZ including information related to printing for the electronic file DF for which the printing instruction is issued when the printing instruction unit 21 issues a printing instruction. The file analysis unit 22 analyzes the electronic file DF based on the acquired attribute information DZ, and sends the attribute information DZ to the print time analysis unit 23 and the print attribute display control unit 24.

  The printing time calculation unit 33 calculates a predicted time TP required for printing the electronic file DF based on the printing capability information (printing speed information) DN acquired from the printer 15. The printing speed measurement unit 34 measures a printing speed (printing time) SP in the printer 15. The printing time analysis unit 23 sends the calculated predicted time TP and the measured printing speed SP to the printing attribute display control unit 24 and the printer control unit 26. The printer control unit 26 can correct the printing capability information DN of the printer 15 based on the printing speed SP obtained by measurement.

  The print attribute display control unit 24 performs control for displaying the attribute information display screen HG1 including the attribute information DZ on the display surface HG. The attribute information display screen HG1 displays the number of printed pages, paper size, color / monochrome, Raster / Vector, and the like. In addition, a button for instructing whether or not to continue printing, a button related to other settings, and the like are displayed. The continuation instruction unit 36 instructs the printer control unit 26 to stop or continue the transmission of the electronic file DF in accordance with the operation of the button. Further, in accordance with a user instruction, detailed information of the attribute information DZ, for example, the predicted time TP, is displayed on a screen different from the attribute information display screen HG1. The different screen may be a case where a part of the display content is different, and not all the display content is necessarily different. For example, when detailed information is displayed on the attribute information display screen HG1, it can be said that it is displayed on a different screen.

  The execution condition registration unit 25 registers in advance an execution condition that determines whether or not to display the attribute information display screen HG1 for one or more items of the attribute information DZ of the electronic file DF based on a user operation. Process to do. When this is registered by the execution condition registration unit 25, only when the attribute information DZ acquired by the attribute information acquisition unit 31 satisfies the execution condition registered in the execution condition registration unit 25, the attribute information The display screen HG1 is displayed.

  The printer control unit 26 performs communication control with each printer 15. The data transmission unit 38 transmits the electronic file DF, for which the printing instruction is given by the printing instruction unit 21, to the designated printer 15. In this case, when the attribute information display screen HG1 is displayed, transmission of the electronic file DF is suspended until there is a continuation instruction from the continuation instruction unit 36, and when there is a stop instruction from the continuation instruction unit 36 Cancel transmission.

  The data receiving unit 39 receives the printing capability information DN of the printer 15 and other printer information from the designated printer 15. The printer setting unit 40 performs various settings for each printer 15. For example, a printable printer is set in advance, and the name of the printer is displayed on the display surface. The user can designate a printer for printing the electronic file DF from among the displayed printers.

  The data storage unit 41 stores set data, registered execution conditions, print capability information DN acquired from the printer, and other various data.

  The user interface 28 is an interface between the display device 11 and the input device 13 and the processing device 10. A GUI (Graphical User Interface) or the like is used as the user interface 28, and information transmission to the user on the display surface HG, improvement in operability of the input device 13, and the like are achieved.

  Next, the processing operation of the processing apparatus 10 will be described with reference to the screen HG shown in the drawing.

  3 shows an example of the attribute information display screen HG1, FIG. 4 shows an example of the detailed information screen HG2, FIG. 5 shows an example of the print setting screen HG3, and FIG. 6 shows an example of the printer distribution setting screen HG4. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of the display execution condition setting screen HG5.

  First, on a screen (not shown), the user operates the input device 13 to instruct printing without opening the contents of the electronic file DF stored in the storage device 12 or the like. For example, the electronic file DF to be printed is dragged and dropped onto a predetermined icon. Alternatively, printing is instructed by designating the electronic file DF, or printing is performed by copying the electronic file DF into a preset folder. In order to perform such operations, various known programs and tools can be used.

  When the user issues a print instruction, the file analysis unit 22 accesses the electronic file DF for which the instruction has been issued, and performs analysis to obtain attribute information DZ. The acquired attribute information DZ is displayed on the display surface HG of the display device 11 as an attribute information display screen HG1.

  In FIG. 3, the attribute information display screen HG1 shows information on file name, number of pages, color information, paper size, and file capacity. By viewing this, the user can know the printing scale of the designated electronic file DF, and can determine and instruct whether or not to execute printing of the electronic file DF. That is, when the print execution button BT11 is clicked, a print continuation instruction is issued from the continuation instruction unit 36, and the electronic file DF is read from the storage device 12 by the printer control unit 26 and transmitted to the designated printer 15. . When the cancel button BT12 is clicked, a stop instruction is issued from the continuation instruction unit 36, and the process ends without transmitting the electronic file DF.

  Although not shown in FIG. 3, the number of pages to be actually printed can be designated with respect to the number of pages displayed on the attribute information display screen HG1. For example, when the number of pages of the electronic file DF is very large, printing up to the second page can be designated as a trial. As a result, the amount of printing can be reduced by adjusting the amount of printing. Further, it is possible to select a printer corresponding to the number of pages. For example, when the number of pages is large, it can be selected to execute printing with a high-speed printer. Further, it is possible to execute printing by distributing pages to a plurality of printers. Details of page distribution will be described later.

  When the detail display button BT13 is clicked, the printing time analysis unit 23 calculates a predicted time TP required for printing the electronic file DF, and displays this as the detailed information screen HG2 in FIG. The predicted time TP is calculated using the print capability information DN, the number of pages of the electronic file DF, the paper size, color information, and the like. In addition, after actually performing printing, the printing speed measuring unit 34 acquires the start / end time of the job in the printer 15 and measures the printing speed SP that is the time required for actual printing. Then, it is possible to learn the printing capability information DN based on the printed electronic file DF and the actually measured printing speed SP. For example, in the case of A4 / color / Raster PDF, this printer completes printing in 0.5 seconds per page. The user can make various settings related to printing by looking at the estimated time TP. It is also possible to acquire a list of jobs on the designated printer 15 and calculate and display the estimated time TP including the processing time of those jobs. In addition, when selecting a printer to execute printing from among a plurality of printers 15, it is possible to display the estimated printing time TP by each printer and other device states to facilitate selection by the user. Further, by pre-registration, it is possible to automatically select the printer having the shortest predicted time TP, that is, the fastest printer.

  It may take some time to calculate the predicted time TP. Therefore, the predicted time TP is not displayed on the attribute information display screen HG1. The predicted time TP is displayed for the first time when the detail display button BT13 is clicked. As described above, regarding the printing of the electronic file DF, contents that can be analyzed immediately such as the number of pages are started simultaneously with the printing instruction, displayed on the attribute information display screen HG1, and notified to the user. For those that require a certain amount of time for the analysis, the analysis is started by waiting for the click of the detail display button BT13, or the analysis is started and prepared without waiting for the click of the detail display button BT13, and the detail display button BT13 is prepared. The detailed information screen HG2 is displayed by clicking. In this way, the analysis result of the electronic file DF can be notified without causing the user to feel a delay. Note that the predicted time TP may be displayed at different timings in the attribute information display screen HG1 as described above.

  The color information may also be displayed on the detailed information screen HG2 because it may take time to analyze. Further, the contents of the attribute information display screen HG1 and the detailed information screen HG2 may be selected and set by the user.

  Next, when the print setting button BT14 is clicked, a print setting screen HG3 shown in FIG. 5 is displayed. In FIG. 5, it is possible to select whether or not to execute “2up” for printing two pages on one sheet and “4up” for printing four pages on one sheet. A start page and an end page can be set. For example, when the electronic file DF is 3 pages, it is possible to print on one sheet by setting “2up” and “double-sided printing”. In addition, it is possible to set whether or not an insertion sheet is set between specific pages. For example, a setting such as inserting an insertion sheet on the fifth page is possible. In addition, print settings can be changed according to the number of pages by pre-registration. For example, “2up” and “double-sided printing” are always set for 50 pages or more. In this way, various settings can be made in consideration of the number of pages. In addition, various settings relating to printing can be performed as necessary.

  When the printer distribution button BT15 is clicked, a printer distribution setting screen HG4 shown in FIG. 6 is displayed. In FIG. 6, it is possible to select a plurality of printers 15 and specify the range of pages to be printed for each printer. For example, as shown in the drawing, “1 to 100” pages are designated for “printer 1”, and “201 to 200” pages are designated for “printer 2” to execute printing. Since PDL conversion processing is unnecessary, printing is faster than a printer driver that needs to perform PDL conversion processing for all pages on the processing device side. By clicking the add printer button BT16, a printer selection screen is displayed, and another printer can be selected from them and added as a printer for distributing print pages. It is also possible to perform printer distribution settings in advance and automatically perform page distribution when a printing instruction is issued.

  In the example described above, the attribute information display screen HG1 is always displayed when a printing instruction is given. However, the attribute information display screen HG1 can be displayed only when a certain condition is satisfied.

  That is, by inputting from the display execution condition setting screen HG5 shown in FIG. 7, the display execution condition can be registered in advance by the execution condition registration unit 25, and is specified when the display execution condition is registered. The attribute information display screen HG1 is displayed only when the electronic file DF satisfies the display execution condition.

  In the display execution condition setting screen HG5 shown in FIG. 7, conditions regarding the number of pages and color information can be registered. In the illustrated example, when the number of pages is “100” or more, or when the color information is “color”, the attribute information display screen HG1 is displayed. Otherwise, the attribute information display screen HG1 is displayed. Without doing so, the designated electronic file DF is immediately sent to the printer 15. Thus, by displaying the attribute information display screen HG1 when the number of pages exceeds the threshold value, it is possible to notify or warn the user when a large amount of printing is performed. If the number of pages does not exceed the threshold value, there is little need for the user to make any settings, and therefore printing can be executed as it is in many cases.

  In addition, the attribute information display screen HG1 can be displayed when the electronic file DF is monochrome and the printer 15 is color. As a result, waste due to printing a monochrome document in color can be prevented, and the cost can be reduced. On the contrary, when the electronic file DF is color and the printer 15 is monochrome, the attribute information display screen HG1 can be displayed and a warning can be set.

  Next, the flow of processing in the processing apparatus 10 will be described with reference to a flowchart.

  FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing an overall processing procedure when a printing instruction is given, FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure including display of the estimated time TP, and FIG. 10 shows a processing procedure for learning the printing capability information DN. FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure when the display screen is divided according to the contents of the electronic file DF.

  In FIG. 8, when the electronic file DF is designated by the user and printing is instructed (# 11), the contents of the electronic file DF are analyzed and the attribute information DZ is acquired (# 12). The acquired attribute information DZ is compared with the registered execution condition (# 13). If the execution condition is registered but the condition is not satisfied (Yes in # 13), printing is executed as it is (# 14). If the execution condition is not registered or is registered and satisfies the condition (No in # 13), the attribute information display screen HG1 is displayed to notify the user of the attribute contents (file contents). (# 15). When the user instructs to continue printing (Yes in # 16), printing is executed (# 14). If canceled (# 17), the process is terminated without printing.

  In FIG. 9, first, the instructed electronic file DF is analyzed (# 21). It is checked whether or not there is printing capability information (predicted data) DN that is data for calculating the predicted time TP in the data storage unit 41 (# 22). If there is, the corresponding data is stored from the data storage unit 41. Extract (# 23). If not, the printing capability information DN is acquired from the corresponding printer 15 (# 24). Based on the acquired data, the predicted time TP is calculated (# 25) and displayed on the display surface HG by the GUI (# 26). If there is an instruction to continue printing (Yes in # 27), printing is executed (# 28). If canceled (# 29), the process ends without printing.

  In FIG. 10, when printing is instructed (# 31), a job identifier is added to the print job for actual measurement of printing time (# 32), file information is saved (# 33), and printing is performed. Is completed (# 34). When printing is completed, job information is acquired (# 35), the time required for printing is calculated (# 36), and the printing capability information DN is updated based on the printing time obtained by actual measurement (# 37).

  In FIG. 11, when there is a print instruction for the electronic file DF (# 41), a primary analysis is performed on the contents of the electronic file DF (# 42). When the primary analysis is completed, the contents of the attribute (file contents) are displayed (# 43), and the secondary analysis is started for the contents of the electronic file DF (# 44). If there is an instruction to display detailed information on the attribute information display screen HG1 (Yes in # 45), the result of the secondary analysis is displayed on the display surface HG as the detailed information screen HG2 (# 46). If there is no instruction to display detailed information (No in # 45), if printing is instructed (Yes in # 47), printing is executed (# 48). If canceled (# 49), the process ends without printing.

  In the above-described embodiment, the entire processing device 10, the storage device 12, the printer 15, or the electronic file processing system 1 or the configuration of each part, circuit, processing content, processing order, processing timing, document or image content, screen , Contents of attribute information, and the like can be changed as appropriate in accordance with the spirit of the present invention.

  The present invention can be used in an electronic file processing apparatus that performs direct printing on a plurality of printers.

It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the electronic file processing system which concerns on this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the functional structure of a processing apparatus. It is a figure which shows the example of an attribute information display screen. It is a figure which shows the example of a detailed information screen. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of a print setting screen. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of a printer distribution setting screen. FIG. It is a figure which shows the example of a display execution condition setting screen. It is a flowchart which shows the whole process sequence when the instruction | indication of printing is performed. It is a flowchart which shows the process sequence including the display of prediction time. It is a flowchart which shows the process sequence which learns printing capability information. It is a flowchart which shows the process sequence in the case of dividing a display screen.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Electronic file processing system 10 Processing apparatus 11 Display apparatus 12 Storage apparatus 15 Printer 21 Print instruction | indication part (print instruction means)
22 File analysis unit (print attribute information acquisition means)
23 Print time analysis unit (print time calculation means)
24 Print attribute display control unit (print attribute display control means)
25 execution condition registration unit (execution condition registration means)
26 Printer Control Unit 28 User Interface 31 Attribute Information Acquisition Unit (Print Attribute Information Acquisition Unit)
33 Print time calculation unit (print time calculation means)
34 Printing speed measuring unit (printing speed measuring means)
36 Continuation instruction unit 38 Data transmission unit (transmission means)
39 Data receiver (printing capability acquisition means)
40 Printer setting section (printer setting means)
DF electronic file DZ attribute information (print attribute information)
HG1 attribute information display screen (print attribute display screen)
BT11 Print execution button (button for instructing whether to continue)
BT13 detail display button (detail display instruction means)
DN printing capability information

Claims (9)

An electronic file processing apparatus configured to be able to send an electronic file to a printer for printing,
Print instruction means for instructing printing without opening the contents of the electronic file;
Print attribute information acquisition means for acquiring print attribute information relating to printing for an electronic file for which printing has been instructed when a print instruction is issued by the print instruction means;
A printing attribute display control means for displaying a printing attribute display screen including the acquired printing attribute information on the display surface of the display device;
Transmitting means for transmitting to the printer an electronic file instructed to print;
An electronic file processing apparatus comprising: The print attribute information includes the number of pages of the electronic file,
On the print attribute display screen, a button for instructing whether or not to continue the print instruction by the print instruction means is displayed.
The electronic file processing apparatus according to claim 1. Printer setting means for setting a printable printer in advance is provided,
The printer set by the printer setting unit is displayed on the display surface, and the printer configured to transmit the electronic file by the transmission unit and to perform printing can be specified from the displayed printers. Yes,
The electronic file processing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2. The printer displayed on the display surface is configured to be able to designate each page to be printed with respect to the electronic file for which a printing instruction has been given.
The electronic file processing apparatus according to claim 3. Printing capability acquisition means for acquiring printing capability information which is information relating to printing capability from the printer;
Print time calculation means for calculating an estimated time required for printing the electronic file based on the print capability information;
The electronic file processing apparatus according to claim 1. Detailed display instruction means for giving an instruction to display the predicted time calculated by the print time calculation means on a screen different from the print attribute display screen;
The electronic file processing apparatus according to claim 5. A printing speed measuring means for measuring a printing speed in the printer is provided;
Based on the printing speed measured by the printing speed measuring means, the printing capability information is configured to be amendable.
The electronic file processing apparatus according to claim 5 or 6 Printer setting means for setting a printable printer in advance;
Means for automatically selecting a printer with the shortest time required for printing the electronic file from among a plurality of set printers;
The electronic file processing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2. Execution condition registration means for preregistering execution conditions for determining whether or not to execute display by the print attribute display means for one or a plurality of items of print attribute information of the electronic file is provided,
When the execution condition is registered, the display by the print attribute display unit is executed only when the print attribute information acquired by the print attribute information acquisition unit satisfies the registered execution condition.
The electronic file processing apparatus according to claim 1.