JP2007016643A - Hermetic compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a compressor increased in reliability by preventing its reliability from lowering due to defective lubrication to the sliding portions of the compression elements of the compressor. <P>SOLUTION: A plurality of oil reservoirs 130, 136 into which an oil 113 flows sequentially are formed in the compression elements 112, and an oil capillary 155 is formed in each of the oil reservoirs 130. Since metal particles contained in the oil flowing into the oil reservoirs 130 positioned on the downstream side are reduced, the oil capillary 155 is prevented from being clogged with metal particles. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an improvement in the reliability of a hermetic compressor (hereinafter referred to as a compressor).

  Conventionally, this type of compressor has an oil reservoir provided on an upper surface of a block having a compression chamber, and an oil capillary having one end opened in the oil reservoir and the other end opened in a muffler communicating with the compression chamber. Some are provided (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  The conventional compressor will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  4 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional compressor described in Patent Document 1, and FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a main part showing the conventional compressor described in Patent Document 1. As shown in FIG.

  4 and 5, the sealed container 1 is formed of an upper container 2 and a lower container 3 formed by drawing a steel plate. The sealed container 1 accommodates an electric element 10 including a stator 6 and a rotor 8 holding a winding 5 and a compression element 12 driven by the electric element 10, and stores oil 13 at the bottom.

  Next, the compression element 12 will be described.

  The shaft 16 has a main shaft portion 18 into which the rotor 8 is press-fitted and fixed, and an eccentric portion 20 formed eccentrically with respect to the main shaft portion 18, and an oil pump 22 is press-fitted and fixed to the tip of the eccentric portion 20. An oil supply path 23 is provided from the main shaft 18 to the main shaft 18.

  The block 26 forms a substantially cylindrical compression chamber 28 and includes a bearing 31 that supports the main shaft portion 18.

  The piston 39 is inserted into the compression chamber 28 so as to be slidable back and forth, and is connected to the eccentric portion 20 by a connecting means 40.

  The valve plate 41 that seals the open end face of the compression chamber 28 includes a suction hole 43 that communicates with the compression chamber 28 by opening and closing the suction valve 42.

  The cylinder head 44 forming the high pressure chamber is fixed to the opposite side of the compression chamber 28 via the valve plate 41 together with the muffler 46 communicating with the suction hole 43.

  The block 26 has an oil reservoir 30 on the upper surface of the compression chamber 28.

  One end of the oil capillary 55 opens into the oil reservoir 30 and the other end opens into the muffler 46.

  The operation of the compressor configured as described above will be described below.

  By supplying electricity to the electric element 10, the shaft 16 rotates together with the rotor 8, and the eccentric movement of the eccentric portion 20 is transmitted to the piston 39 via the connecting means 40, so that the piston 39 reciprocates in the compression chamber 28. It moves and continuously compresses the refrigerant.

  The oil 13 pulled up by the centrifugal force from the lower end of the oil pump 22 to the oil supply path 23 lubricates the main shaft portion 18 and then flows out from the upper end portion of the bearing 31 and flows along the outer peripheral surface of the bearing 31, and a part of the oil reservoir tank. 30 continuously flows. The oil 13 accumulated in the oil reservoir 30 is supplied into the muffler 46 through the oil capillary 55 due to the differential pressure between the muffler 46 and the sealed container 1, and together with a refrigerant gas (not shown) flowing through the muffler 46, It becomes mist-like oil 13 and is sucked into the compression chamber 28 from the suction hole 43.

  The oil capillary 55 sucks oil from the oil reservoir 30 located at almost the same height, so that the lift is low, and the oil is reliably supplied into the muffler 46 even with a small differential pressure.

As a result, the oil lubrication between the suction hole 43 and the suction valve 42 and between the piston 39 and the compression chamber 28 becomes good, and the reliability can be improved.
JP 2002-130129 A

  However, in the above-described conventional configuration, a small amount of metal powder remaining in the sealed container 1 from the oil pump 22 or metal powder generated from each sliding portion is mixed in the oil 13 as the compressor is operated, and the oil 13 In order to inject into the reservoir 30, the metal powder stays mainly near the bottom of the oil reservoir 30. Since the accumulated metal powder is sucked together with the oil 13 from the tip of the oil capillary 55, the metal powder is clogged in the oil capillary 55, the oil 13 is not supplied into the muffler 46, and the oil lubrication to each sliding portion is poor. Therefore, there was a problem of lowering reliability.

  The present invention solves the above-described conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a compressor that stably supplies oil from the oil capillary 55 and has improved reliability.

  In order to solve the above-described conventional problems, the compressor of the present invention has a plurality of oil sump tanks into which oil flows sequentially in a compression element, and one end is open to an oil sump tank located downstream of the oil sump tanks. The other end is provided with an oil capillary that opens into the muffler. By providing a plurality of oil sump tanks, the metal powder contained in the oil sequentially settles in the oil sump on the upstream side. Since the metal powder flowing into the oil reservoir located is reduced, the amount of metal powder sucked from the oil capillary is reduced, and the oil capillary is prevented from being clogged.

  Since the compressor of the present invention can prevent clogging of the oil capillary, the reliability can be improved.

  The invention according to claim 1 includes a compression element, an electric element that drives the compression element and is disposed above the compression element, encloses refrigerant gas and oil, and includes the compression element and the electric element. An airtight container for housing, the compression element having a block having a compression chamber; a shaft disposed in a substantially vertical direction and having an oil pump at a lower end; and a bearing disposed on an upper surface of the block and pivotally supporting the shaft. And a muffler that communicates with the compression chamber, one end of which communicates with the oil pump, and the other end of which communicates with the upper end surface of the bearing. A plurality of oil sump tanks that flow sequentially are formed in the compression element, one end of the oil sump tank is opened to the downstream side, and the other end is the front side. An oil capillary that opens in the muffler is provided. By providing multiple oil reservoirs, the metal powder contained in the oil is deposited in the oil reservoir on the upstream side in sequence. The metal powder contained in the flowing oil can be reduced, the amount of metal powder sucked from the oil capillary is reduced, and the oil capillary is prevented from clogging, so that stable oil supply is obtained and the reliability is improved. be able to.

  The invention according to claim 2 is the invention according to claim 1, wherein an annular groove is provided around the entire circumference of the bearing block, and this is used as an oil sump tank located on the upstream side. Most of the oil that flows out of the oil passes through the oil reservoir provided in the bearing, so that the metal powder contained in the oil can be more reliably precipitated in the oil reservoir provided in the bearing. The amount is reduced and the reliability can be further improved.

  The invention according to claim 3 is the one in which the opening of the oil capillary that opens into the oil stored in the oil reservoir is formed upward in the invention of claim 1, and the metal powder is formed at the bottom of the oil reservoir. Even if the oil stays, the opening of the oil capillary is formed upward, so that the upper oil with less metal powder is sucked from the oil capillary, so that the reliability can be further improved.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the invention, at least one oil reservoir tank is provided with a trap made of a permanent magnet. Of the metal powder contained in the oil flowing into the oil reservoir tank, Since iron powder can be adsorbed by a permanent magnet, the amount of metal powder sucked from the oil capillary is further reduced, and the reliability can be improved.

  The invention according to claim 5 is the invention according to claim 2 or 4, wherein the bearing is screwed to the block with a plurality of bolts, and at least one bolt is disposed in the oil sump tank, and the bolt is permanently attached. Since it is a magnet, the iron powder in the metal powder contained in the oil flowing into the oil reservoir can be adsorbed without increasing the number of parts constituting the compressor, so that the cost can be further reduced.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

(Embodiment 1)
1 is a cross-sectional view of a compressor according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a main part of the compressor according to the same embodiment, and FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a main part of the compressor according to the same embodiment. FIG.

  1, 2, and 3, the sealed container 101 is formed of an upper container 102 and a lower container 103 formed by drawing a steel plate.

  The sealed container 101 houses an electric element 110 including a stator 106 and a rotor 108 that have a winding 105, and a compression element 112 that is driven by the electric element 110, and oil 113 is stored at the bottom of the sealed container 101. Yes.

  Next, the compression element 112 will be described.

  The shaft 116 has a main shaft portion 118 on which the rotor 108 is press-fitted and fixed, and an eccentric portion 120 formed eccentrically with respect to the main shaft portion 118, and an oil pump 122 is press-fitted and fixed to the tip of the eccentric portion 120.

  A hollow hole 124 is provided vertically upward from the tip of the eccentric part 120 to which the oil pump 122 is press-fitted and fixed to the lower end of the main shaft part 118, and from the lower end of the main shaft part 118 to the upper end of the main shaft part 118, spiral along the surface of the shaft 116. An oil groove 125 is formed in a shape. The oil groove 125 communicates with the hollow hole 124 at the lower end of the main shaft portion, so that an oil supply path 123 is formed.

  The block 126 forms a substantially cylindrical compression chamber 128 and includes a bearing 131 that supports the main shaft portion 118. An oil reservoir tank 130 is recessed on the upper surface of the compression chamber 128.

  The piston 139 is inserted into the compression chamber 128 so as to be slidable back and forth, and is connected to the eccentric portion 120 by a connecting means 140.

  The valve plate 141 that seals the opening end surface of the compression chamber 128 includes a suction hole 143 that communicates with the compression chamber 128 by opening and closing the suction valve 142.

  A cylinder head 144 forming a high pressure chamber is fixed to the opposite side of the compression chamber 128 via a valve plate 141.

  The muffler 146 formed of a synthetic resin forms a silencing space 148, a communication pipe 150 having one end communicating with the suction hole 143 and the other end communicating with the silencing space 148, and a suction port 152 communicating with the silencing space 148. And is fixed between the valve plate 141 and the cylinder head 144.

  The bearing 131 is formed of a material having good slidability such as aluminum die-casting or casting, and a flange portion 133 having a plurality of bolt holes 132 for screwing and fixing to the block 126, and a main shaft portion of the shaft are supported. It consists of a bearing part 134. A notch 135 through which oil 113 flows from the upper end of the oil supply path 123 is formed on the upper end surface of the bearing portion 134.

  An upstream oil sump tank 136 formed of an annular groove is formed on the flange portion 133 located in the vicinity of the block 126 of the bearing 131 so as to reach the plurality of bolt holes 132. In the vicinity of the outer periphery of the flange portion 133, an oil passage 137 communicating with the upstream oil reservoir tank 136 is provided on the oil reservoir tank 130 side.

  The bearing 131 is screwed to the block 126 by a bolt 138 made of a permanent magnet.

  The oil capillary 155 is arranged so that one end opens into the oil reservoir tank 130 and the other end opens into the muffler 146, and is fixed to the muffler 146.

  The opening of the oil capillary 155 that opens to the oil reservoir 130 is formed upward with respect to the direction of gravity.

  About the compressor comprised as mentioned above, the operation | movement and an effect | action are demonstrated below.

  When electricity is supplied to the electric element 110, the shaft 116 rotates, and the piston 139 reciprocates in the compression chamber 128 via the connecting means 140 by the rotational movement of the eccentric part 120.

  The oil 113 at the bottom of the lower container 103 is pulled up by centrifugal force from the lower end of the oil pump 122 through the hollow hole 124 in the eccentric part 120 to the lower end of the main shaft part 118. The oil 113 that has come out on the surface of the shaft 116 at the lower end of the main shaft portion 118 rises along the oil groove 125 from the lower end to the upper end of the main shaft portion 118 due to the rotation of the shaft 116, and lubricates the main shaft portion 118.

  The oil 113 rising to the upper end of the main shaft portion 118 flows out of the notch 135 of the bearing 131 and flows along the outer peripheral surface of the bearing portion 134, and is an upstream oil sump consisting of an annular groove provided in the flange portion 133 over the entire circumference. It accumulates in the tank 136. Since the upstream oil reservoir tank 136 is provided on the flange 133 over the entire circumference, most of the oil 113 that has flowed out of the notch 135 once flows into the upstream oil reservoir tank 136.

  The metal powder contained in the oil 113 flowing into the upstream oil sump tank 136 settles here at the bottom of the upstream oil sump tank 136, and the iron powder contained in the metal powder is a bolt made of a permanent magnet located in the upstream oil sump tank 136. Therefore, the oil 113 having a very small amount of metal powder flows through the oil passage 137 and flows into the oil reservoir 130 provided in the block 126.

  The metal powder slightly contained in the oil 113 is further precipitated at the bottom in the oil reservoir tank 130 located downstream of this.

  The oil 113 in the oil sump tank 130 is an oil capillary whose opening is formed upward due to a pressure loss due to pipe friction in the muffler 146 and a pressure difference between the muffler 146 and the sealed container 101 caused by a dynamic pressure drop due to the flow. The oil is supplied into the muffler 146 through 155, and becomes a gas-mist-like oil 113 together with a refrigerant (not shown) flowing through the muffler 146, and is sucked into the compression chamber 128 from the suction hole 143 by opening and closing of the suction valve 142.

  The oil capillary 155 sucks oil from the oil reservoir 130 located at almost the same height, so that the lift is low, and the oil is reliably supplied into the muffler 146 even with a small differential pressure.

  Here, since the opening of the oil capillary 155 that opens to the oil reservoir 130 is formed upward with respect to the direction of gravity, the metal powder precipitated on the bottom can be prevented from being wound up by suction and sucked from the oil capillary 155. The oil 113 containing almost no metal powder is supplied into the muffler 146.

  As a result, clogging of the oil capillary 155 due to inflow of metal powder or the like is prevented, stable oil supply improves the sealing performance between the suction hole 143, the suction valve 142, and the valve plate 141, and the piston 139 and the compression chamber 128 are lubricated. The sliding can be improved, the efficiency and reliability can be improved, and the noise generated when the parts collide can be reduced.

  In the present embodiment, an example in which one oil reservoir 130 is provided on the upper surface of the compression chamber 128 is illustrated, but a plurality of oil reservoirs 130 may be provided.

  In the present embodiment, the bolt 138 is a permanent magnet. However, a separately formed permanent magnet may be disposed in the oil sump.

  As described above, the compressor according to the present invention is provided with a plurality of oil reservoirs for precipitating debris such as metal powder, and can prevent clogging of the oil capillaries and stably supply oil from the oil capillaries. The efficiency and reliability can be improved, so it can be applied to applications such as vending machines, refrigeration showcases, and dehumidifiers.

Sectional drawing of the compressor in Embodiment 1 of this invention The principal part perspective view of the compressor in the embodiment The principal part enlarged view of the compressor in the embodiment Cross section of a conventional compressor Enlarged view of the main parts of a conventional compressor

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 101 Sealed container 110 Electric element 112 Compression element 113 Oil 116 Shaft 122 Oil pump 123 Oil supply path 126 Block 128 Compression chamber 130 Oil reservoir 131 Bearing 136 Upstream oil reservoir tank 138 Bolt 139 Piston 140 Connecting means 146 Muffler 155 Oil capillary

Claims (5)

  A compression element; an electric element that drives the compression element and is disposed above the compression element; and a sealed container that encloses refrigerant gas and oil and contains the compression element and the electric element. The element includes a block having a compression chamber, a shaft disposed in a substantially vertical direction and provided with an oil pump at a lower end, a bearing disposed on an upper surface of the block and supporting the shaft, and a muffler communicating with the compression chamber. The shaft is provided with an oil supply path whose one end communicates with the oil pump and the other end communicates with the upper end surface of the bearing, and a plurality of oil reservoirs into which oil flowing out from the oil supply path sequentially flows are provided. One of the oil reservoirs, which is formed on the compression element and located downstream of the oil reservoir, opens at one end and the other end opens into the muffler. Hermetic compressor provided with Le capillary.   2. The hermetic compressor according to claim 1, wherein an annular groove is provided in the vicinity of the block of the bearing over the entire circumference, and this is used as an oil reservoir tank located on the upstream side.   2. The hermetic compressor according to claim 1, wherein an opening of an oil capillary that opens into the oil stored in the oil reservoir is formed upward.   The hermetic compressor according to claim 1, wherein a permanent magnet is disposed in at least one oil reservoir.   The hermetic compressor according to claim 2 or 4, wherein the bearing is screwed to the block with a plurality of bolts, and at least one bolt is disposed in the oil sump tank, and the bolt is a permanent magnet.

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