JP2007004740A - Mapping system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily handle a system to be used, and to realize efficiency, and to reduce the load of not only a mapping system but also a synthetic system including this by sharply reducing information amounts to be handled when any intermediate file can be discarded, and to acquire spatial data with high quality by discarding any intermediate file as for photogrammetry as a result. <P>SOLUTION: The mapping system for producing spatial data is characterized to include a process for preparing the stereo video of an object relating to a survey photograph or geographic information from two different videos by using a three-dimensional graphics library and a process for, when the video is a photographic video, performing correction based on at least a photographic point and direction. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

    The present invention relates to a mapping system for geographic information, and more particularly to a stereo video mapping system and the stereo video mapping method.

Conventionally, a plotting system used for plotting survey photographs such as aerial photographs has been rapidly developed, and many means and methods have been proposed. Recently, digitalization has progressed from analog, and further stereoization has progressed. For example, Patent Document 1 describes a stereo plotter. In addition, various plotting systems are provided by each company, and are introduced on the homepages of Topcon Corporation, Mitsui Construction Co., Ltd., Dainippon Consultant Co., Ltd., and the like.
JP 08-210851 A

    The mapping system originally has a problem that the amount of information is further increased because an intermediate file is required for stereo processing in addition to handling a large amount of data such as aerial photographs. The intermediate file includes an epipolar image and / or a radial distortion corrected image. Accordingly, if the intermediate file can be made unnecessary, the amount of information to be handled is drastically reduced, so that the handling of the system to be used becomes easier and more efficient, and the load on not only the mapping system but also the integrated system including it is reduced. Therefore, it has been desired to develop a plotting system that does not require the intermediate file.

    The inventors include a step of creating a stereo image of an object related to a survey photo or geographic information using two different images using a three-dimensional graphics library, and when the image is a photo image, at least It has been found that a plotting system for producing spatial data characterized by including a step of correcting by a photographing point and a direction is preferable as a means for solving the above-mentioned problem.

    In surveying photographs, aerial photographs are stereoified by selecting the appropriate two screens from a number of aerial photographs taken continuously along the flight line, and using this difference in shooting positions. Thus, stereophonization is performed. Stereo video systems using photographic video have been practiced for a long time, and the theory is well known.

    However, unlike ordinary stereo photography, for example, in aerial photography, the shooting point and shooting direction are generally poor in stability of the shooting position because of shooting from inside an airplane in flight. is there. For this reason, it is normal to record information on these shooting points (altitude, latitude, longitude) and shooting direction in association with each image, and the shot images are stored together with information on these shooting conditions. . Along with the development of GPS (Global Positioning System) and IMU (Inertia Measuring Unit), the development of aerial photography is large. This is also true for surveying photographs using a fixed camera on the ground, as the accuracy of photogrammetry has increased as the correction of the photographing position has developed.

    On the other hand, using these survey results, drawing, assigning attributes, etc. to obtain spatial data, the development of applying the spatial data to various applications is also great, and there are various ways to obtain the spatial data. At the same time as a system is proposed, many systems that utilize and apply the spatial data obtained are also proposed.

    However, survey photographs and the like originally have a large amount of data, so the load on the system that handles them is large, and various measures for reducing the amount of data are various, but not enough. For example, an object is created from the obtained spatial data for the purpose of editing, and the object is observed and edited. In this case, both the object and the handling have a large amount of information. There was a problem.

    As a method of selecting appropriate two images from among the large number of survey photograph images, for example, the method described in detail by the present applicant in Japanese Patent Application No. 2004-195206 can be used. On the other hand, in the case of the object using spatial data, the load of selecting an appropriate one from a large number of videos is eliminated.

    The present invention enables stereoscopic viewing without using an intermediate file by using a widely known three-dimensional graphics library in a game area or the like. The epipolar image and / or the radial A stereoscopic view can be realized without requiring a distortion-corrected image. As the basic program of the plotting system to be used, a known program can be used, but a process for obtaining a stereoscopic image is obtained by applying a known three-dimensional graphics library in the field of games or the like. As a typical three-dimensional graphics library, what is called OpenGL or DirectX is known and is preferably used in the present invention.

    In the present invention, the two different images are two photographic images in the case of a survey photograph, but in the case of an object related to geographic information, two stereoscopic virtual object images composed of the spatial data. It is. In the case of the virtual object image, since it can be configured to be stereoscopically viewed from various angles, editing can be performed with accurate judgment in the editing process. The virtual object may be a point, a line, a surface, or the like.

    Since the present invention does not require an intermediate file (for example, an epipolar image and a radial distortion correction image) when stereoscopically viewing, the processing is quick and the capacity is small, so that the entire processing is efficient. In addition, it has the effect of making it possible to perform in a short time. Therefore, even if the graphic system is incorporated into an integrated system such as a spatial data production system including the graphic system, an efficient integrated system can be constructed without increasing the capacity. Furthermore, since the object can be stereoscopically viewed using the obtained spatial data, the spatial data can be easily corrected and confirmed, and the quality of the spatial data can be improved. In addition, since it is easy to stereoscopically view the object from an arbitrary viewpoint and line of sight, for example, by controlling the sense of height, it is possible to display the topographic shape or grasp the space in accordance with the scale, and obtain spatial data It is very advantageous for quality improvement.

    Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a processing procedure and a flowchart of the stereoscopic function of the plotting system according to the present invention. 1 to 6 represent processes or steps, 11 to 16 represent files, 21 represents manual input or manual work, and 31 to 36 represent data or memory. Reference numeral 40 denotes a display.

    Reference numeral 1 denotes an object generation process for generating left and right plate-shaped image pasting curved surface objects. The plate-like shape is determined based on the internal orientation 11 such as lens calibration information. Optical distortion of the lens, such as radial distortion, is corrected by a general formula and theory using a waveform concentric with the curvature of the plate-like object. The data of the object is left and right data 31 and 34, respectively.

    The operator uses the invention according to the prior application of the applicant of the present patent application to appropriately select from the stereo pair image data 12 relating the selection of two adjacent stereo pairs (left and right images) from a large number of image groups. Choose one. In the pasting step 2, the images of the selected pair are pasted to the appropriate objects, for example, by orthographic projection as textures separately on the left and right sides, and left and right textured objects are obtained.

    As in aerial photography, the shooting position, shooting direction, in other words, the viewpoint and line-of-sight direction at the time of shooting are the directions perpendicular to the flight direction X in the flight plane, where X is the flight direction at the time of shooting. Where Y is Y, Z is the direction perpendicular to the plane, and κ, φ, ω are the angles formed respectively, and the viewpoint position (X, Y, Z) and the line-of-sight direction (κ, φ, ω) Are separately filed in the external localization file 13.

    In the stereo model generation step 3, based on the information in the external localization file 13, the textured object is arranged as a stereo image model in a three-dimensional virtual space. The stereo image model is sent as data 35 to the stereo rendering step 4. The information in the external localization file 13 is also used in the stereo drawing process 4 and is corrected by the viewpoint and the line of sight so that the stereo image can be stereoscopically viewed. Using the known three-dimensional graphic library, the stereo image is directly drawn on the stereo monitor 40 without creating an intermediate file.

    While stereoscopically viewing the stereo image displayed on the stereo monitor 21, the operator plots the spatial data to obtain new spatial data 16. The new spatial data 16 is stored in the same format in the existing spatial data 14.

    The above is the process of making a survey photograph in stereo. Based on the spatial coordinate values of the objects included in the existing spatial data and the new spatial data, in the object model generation step 5, desired spatial data is arranged in the three-dimensional virtual space, and the arranged spatial data Is a three-dimensional object model.

    The data 36 of the three-dimensional object model is corrected in any two viewpoints so as to form a stereo pair in the stereo drawing step 6, and the two different images are used, and the stereo is generated using the three-dimensional graphics library. The image is directly drawn on the monitor 40 without using an intermediate file. At this time, the setting is adjusted so that the operator can easily see the stereo stereoscopic vision 21 in a later step. For example, the position, color, intensity, etc. of the illumination light source are adjusted to adjust the contrast. Further, the visibility of duplicate data can be improved by adjusting the transmittance of the obtained object.

    The operator confirms or corrects an error in the spatial data used for the object while viewing the object stereoscopically 21 on the stereo monitor 40. At this time, since the object can be stereoscopically viewed from an arbitrary viewpoint, it is easy to check errors and improve the quality of spatial data.

    Although not shown, a known 3D graphics library is installed in the plotting system, and as described above, the stereo rendering steps 4 and 6 have the direct rendering function of the 3D graphics library. Use to draw directly. On the other hand, in the object generation step 1, the pasting step 2, the stereo model generation step 3 and the object model generation step 5, the model generation function and the arrangement adjustment function of the three-dimensional graphics library are used.

  1 is a block diagram of a system and procedure according to one embodiment of the present invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Object generation process 2 Pasting process 3 Stereo model generation process 4 Stereo drawing process 5 Object model generation process 6 Stereo drawing process

Claims (3)

      Using a three-dimensional graphics library to create a stereo image of an object related to a survey photo or geographic information using two different images, and when the image is a photographic image, at least a shooting point and a shooting direction; A plotting system for producing spatial data characterized by including a step of correcting according to the above.       The mapping system according to claim 1, wherein the step of creating the stereo image is executed without forming an intermediate file, and the intermediate file is an epipolar image.       If the image is a photographic image, the method further includes correcting lens distortion, and the step of creating the stereo image is performed without forming an intermediate file, and the intermediate file is a radial distortion corrected image. The plotting system of claim 1, wherein:

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