JP2006517045A - セキュリティモジュールにより生成される情報の保存及び送信方法 - Google Patents

セキュリティモジュールにより生成される情報の保存及び送信方法 Download PDF

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JP2006517045A
JP2006517045A JP2006502423A JP2006502423A JP2006517045A JP 2006517045 A JP2006517045 A JP 2006517045A JP 2006502423 A JP2006502423 A JP 2006502423A JP 2006502423 A JP2006502423 A JP 2006502423A JP 2006517045 A JP2006517045 A JP 2006517045A
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security module
information
module
user unit
management center
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ヴィルツ，クリスティアン
ブリーク，オリヴィエ
カレル，キサヴィエ
デュヴァル，グレゴリ
ハウエル，パトリック
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ナグラビジョン エス アー
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S370/00—Multiplex communications
    • Y10S370/901—Wide area network
    • Y10S370/902—Packet switching
    • Y10S370/903—Osi compliant network
    • Y10S370/906—Fiber data distribution interface, FDDI
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S370/00—Multiplex communications
    • Y10S370/901—Wide area network
    • Y10S370/902—Packet switching
    • Y10S370/903—Osi compliant network
    • Y10S370/907—Synchronous optical network, SONET
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S707/00—Data processing: database and file management or data structures
    • Y10S707/99941—Database schema or data structure
    • Y10S707/99943—Generating database or data structure, e.g. via user interface

Abstract

【課題】 本発明の目的は、配信ネットワークに接続されたユーザユニット内で、あるセキュリティモジュールが新しいモジュールと取り替えられた時、前者のモジュールに特有な情報を回収できるようにすることである。
【解決手段】 この目的は、ユーザユニットに接続され、ユニークな識別子及び作動状態を表す情報を含み、第２セキュリティモジュールと取り替えられる第１セキュリティモジュールにより生成される情報の保存及び送信方法であって、‐第１モジュール内に含まれ送信に用いられる特定の情報を判別する工程と、‐これらの情報をユーザユニットに転送する工程と、‐これらの情報をユーザユニット内に保存する工程と、‐第１セキュリティモジュールを第２セキュリティモジュールと取り替える工程と、‐ユーザユニットを送信ネットワーク上に接続する工程と、‐第２セキュリティモジュールと管理センタとの間の通信を初期化する工程と、‐ユーザユニットが、第１モジュールの識別子、並びに前記第１モジュールに特有な情報を含むデータブロックを、第２モジュールによって送信されたブロックの中に挿入する工程を含む方法により達成される。

Description

本発明は、配信センタに接続されてはいるが常設返信リンクをもたない機器ネットワーク内における情報の送信の分野に関する。
有料テレビネットワークにおいては、配信されたデータへのアクセスのセキュリティを管理することができる制御信号をユーザの機器が管理センタから受信する状況になることは頻繁にある。
管理センタに接続する必要なく多くの個別の機能にアクセスすることができるように複雑なメカニズムが開発された。
これらのメカニズムのうち、自分が選択したイベントに自由に割り当てるクレジットが存在することによるオンデマンド・コンテンツへのアクセスを挙げることができる。
「コンテンツ」とは、株取引、天気、一般テレビ、スポーツイベント、その他の情報のサービスを意味する。これらのコンテンツは、有料テレビのデコーダ、コンピュータ、更には携帯電話、「パームトップ」、「ＰＤＡ」、ラジオ、テレビ、マルチメディア端末などのユーザユニットに配信することができる。
デジタルフローの使用を制御し、そのような使用に関する条件を定義するために、デジタルフローは暗号化される。この暗号は、制御語を見つけ出すことをねらいとするあらゆる攻撃を阻止するため、一定間隔（５秒から３０秒の間）で変更される制御語（Ｃｏｎｔｒｏｌ Ｗｏｒｄｓ）により実現される。
ユーザユニットは、権利の確認、並びに送信済データへアクセスするためにデコーダに必要な鍵（制御語）の復号などセキュリティ関連の操作を管理する通常取り外し可能なセキュリティモジュールを備える。
現在では、そのようなコンテンツの使用の課金は、購読又はイベントの購入という原則に基いている。購読により、単数又は複数の配信チャンネルに関する権利を定めるとともに、ユーザのセキュリティモジュール内に権利が存在する場合、ユーザはノンスクランブルのこれらのチャンネルを得ることができる。
これと平行して、映画又はサッカーの試合などあるコンテンツに固有な権利を定めることが可能である。ユーザはこの権利（例えば購入）を取得することができ、このコンテンツはもっぱらこの権利により管理されることになる。この方法は衝動買い（ペイパービューＰＰＶ）という名称で知られている。
制御語の復号化の際、アクセス条件に関する権利がセキュリティモジュール内に存在するかどうかが確認される。
比較の結果が正の場合、ユーザユニットに制御語がノンスクランブルで返される。
ユーザユニットの中には、ユーザの選択を通知し、ある特定の選択に固有な権利を取得するための返送チャンネルを持っているものもある。このチャンネルは通常、電話線又はネットワークに接続されたモデムである。コンテンツの実際の使用量についてのあらゆる形態の監視については話そうとしない人もいるため、ただ単純に、ケーブルが電話機まで接続されておらず、管理センタへのデータの送信が行われない。電話ジャックがテレビ受信機から離れ過ぎているために、実用上の理由からこのリンクが行われないことがある。
新規顧客についてセキュリティモジュールが確立される際は、新規顧客が衝動買いの機能をテストすることができるよう、クレジットをこの顧客に割り当てるのが一般的である。このクレジットは本来全く使われないものであるため、顧客に対し請求書が発行されることはない。
通常動作中、ユーザはこのクレジットで１本又は２本の映画を購入し、自分のユーザユニットを接続して映画を再ロードする。この時、管理センタは利用した２本の映画についての請求書を作成し、ユーザとの間で取り決めた金額をモジュールにロードする。
ユーザが自分のユニットをネットワークに接続しない限り、管理センタは、当初のこのクレジットに基いて行われた利用分の請求をすることができない。従って、全てのセキュリティモジュールに関して請求書が発行されていないクレジットを合算すると極めて大きな金額になることがある。
例えば、賞を授与することによりユーザに対しユニットを接続するように働きかけるゲームなどの措置が講じられた。
通常、技術の進歩の理由からセキュリティモジュールの交換が行われると、最終的に問題が生じる。ユーザが遅延なくこの交換を行えばオペレータは満足であるが、仕事についてユーザに対し請求書を発行するために、ユーザに旧のカードに戻るよう強いることは難しい。従って、旧のモジュール内に含まれているクレジットの利用に関する経理データは紛失したものとみなされる。
本発明の目的は、あるセキュリティモジュール上のクレジットの利用に関する情報を回収することができるようにすること、及び管理センタにこれらの情報を送信することである。
この目的は、ユーザユニットに接続され、ユニークな識別子及び作動状態を表す情報を含み、第２セキュリティモジュールと取り替え可能な第１セキュリティモジュールにより生成される情報の保存及び送信方法であって、
‐ 第１セキュリティモジュール内に含まれ送信に用いられる特定の情報を判別する工程と、
‐ これらの情報をユーザユニットに転送する工程と、
‐ これらの情報をユーザユニット内に保存する工程と、
‐ 第１セキュリティモジュールを第２セキュリティモジュールと取り替える工程と、
‐ ユーザユニットを送信ネットワーク上に接続する工程と、
‐ 第２セキュリティモジュールと管理センタとの間の通信を初期化する工程と、
‐ ユーザユニットが、第１モジュールの識別子、並びに前記第１モジュールに特有な情報を含むデータブロックを、第２モジュールによって送信されたブロックの中に挿入する工程と
を含む方法により達成される。
この方法により第１セキュリティモジュール内のデータを回収することが可能である一方、第２セキュリティモジュールにより、管理センタとの接続が行われる。
セキュリティモジュールの交換は新規モジュールを初期化するためにこの接続を要求する機会となる。
専用情報とは、ローカルで生成されるため管理センタでは知り得ない全てのデータである。衝動買いに関する情報の他にも、ユーザユニット又はデコーダの実利用についての複数の統計カウンタ、並びにセキュリティモジュールの機能のバージョンに関する情報が存在する。
この接続の際、デコーダは、セキュリティモジュールからの他のブロックとは識別が異なるデータブロックを構成する。１つのブロックは、セキュリティモジュールのユニークな番号を含むヘッダーと、通常、全てのセキュリティモジュールに共通な送信鍵、或いはプライベート鍵、即ちある１つのセキュリティモジュールに固有な鍵によって暗号化されたデータとで構成される。この鍵は対称鍵であっても非対称鍵であってもよい。従ってデータフローは、識別子として新しいセキュリティモジュールをもつブロックと、同じセッション時に送信される、識別子として旧のセキュリティモジュールをもつブロックとを含むことになる。
本発明は、専ら非限定的例として示した添付の図面を参照する以下の詳細な記述により、よりよく理解されよう。
図１においてデコーダＳＴＢは不揮発性メモリーＭ１を有する。このメモリーは、現在接続されているセキュリティモジュールＳＣからのデータを保存するのに用いられることになる。例では、セキュリティモジュールＳＣ１はデコーダＳＴＢから抜き取られ、新しいモジュールＳＣ２と取り替えられた。
選択された動作モードによれば、セキュリティモジュールに固有なデータは、セキュリティモジュールＭ２のメモリから、デコーダＳＴＢ内にあるこれらのデータのためのメモリＭ１にエクスポートされる。この転送は、例えばメモリＭ２のコンテンツが変更される毎、又は一定の間隔で、更には管理センタの要求に基いて行うことができる。
これらのデータに関連して、セキュリティモジュールは、ユニークな番号ＵＡなどの識別子を付加する。データは、セキュリティユニットＳＣからデコーダの処理ユニットＭＣに送信される。このユニットは管理センタとの通信及びメモリＭ１内へのデータの保存を管理する。
メモリＭ１内に保存されているデータはデコーダに固有なローカル鍵により暗号化することができる。これらのデータには例えば、セキュリティモジュールＳＣによって計算されデータ全体を認証する署名が添付される。従って、デコーダ内でデータが変更された場合、管理センタはそのような変更を簡単に検出することができる。署名は、対応する部分が管理センタに含まれている非対称鍵を使用する。ユニークな識別子により、署名を復号化し受信データが正しいかどうかを確認するための鍵を管理センタのセキュア化されたメモリ内で見つけることができる。
図２には管理センタに送信されたデータブロックＢＣＳの例を示した。管理センタにデコーダが接続されると、処理ユニットＭＣは、接続されているセキュリティモジュールＳＣにデータを要求し、モジュールＳＣ２からのブロックＢＳＣ２を送信する。また、処理ユニットＭＣは、メモリＭ１に保存されているデータであって本例では一つ前のセキュリティモジュールＳＣ１の固有データに対応しているデータも回収する。これらのデータはブロックＢＳＣ１の形態で送信される。
一実施形態によれば、管理センタＣＧＳは、ブロックをソートし適切に処理することができる分離モジュールを備える。原則として入力モジュールは、各ブロックが同一の送信元から来たものであって即ち同じ識別子を持っていることを確認するよう構成される。そのような理由から、ブロック、特にブロックＢＳＣ２の部分を従来のように処理することができるようにするためには、ブロックを分離することが重要である。ブロックＢＳＣ１は、接続が解除されたセキュリティモジュールに関する情報を収集する目的のための特別な処理を受ける。
新規セキュリティモジュールＳＣ２に固有なデータと置き換えることにより、デコーダＳＴＢのメモリ内に保存されている情報を失うことを防止するために、管理センタは、デコーダに接続されたセキュリティモジュール内に、デコーダへのデータ転送作業を開始する制御を有する。
従ってモジュールの交換時、新規モジュールは当初は自身のデータを転送する能力はなく、メモリＭ１内にあるデータが一つ前のセキュリティモジュールを依然として示している。
管理センタは、上で記述した方法によりこれらの情報が自身に送信されてくるのを待機する。これらの情報が処理された後は、管理センタは、セキュリティモジュールに対し、これらの情報をデコーダに送信するとともにメモリＭ１の内容を更新することを許可するためのコマンドを送信する。
図１は本発明の種々の要素を示す図である。 図２はデータブロックの処理を示す図である。

Claims (6)

  1. ユーザユニットに接続され、ユニークな識別子及び作動状態を表す情報を含み、かつ第２セキュリティモジュールと取り替え可能である第１セキュリティモジュールにより生成される情報の保存及び送信方法であって、
    ‐ 第１セキュリティモジュール内に含まれ送信に用いられる特定の情報を判別する工程と、
    ‐ これらの情報をユーザユニットに転送する工程と、
    ‐ これらの情報をユーザユニット内に保存する工程と、
    ‐ 第１セキュリティモジュールを第２セキュリティモジュールと取り替える工程と、
    ‐ ユーザユニットを送信ネットワーク上に接続する工程と、
    ‐ 第２セキュリティモジュールと管理センタとの間の通信を初期化する工程と、
    ‐ ユーザユニットが、第１モジュールの識別子、並びに前記第１モジュールに特有な情報を含むデータブロックを、第２モジュールによって送信されたブロックの中に挿入する工程と
    を含むことを特徴とするセキュリティモジュールにより生成される情報の保存及び送信方法。
  2. セキュリティモジュールに固有な情報の転送が一定の間隔で行われることを特徴とする、請求項１記載の保存及び送信方法。
  3. セキュリティモジュールに固有な情報の転送が前記情報が変更される毎に行われることを特徴とする、請求項１記載の保存及び送信方法。
  4. 第１セキュリティモジュールが第２セキュリティモジュールと取り替えられた後、固有な情報の転送が停止されることを特徴とする、請求項１ないし３いずれか１項に記載の保存及び送信方法。
  5. 管理センタとの正常なリンクが実現された後、情報の転送が許可されることを特徴とする、請求項４記載の保存及び送信方法。
  6. 管理センタから送信されたコマンドにより情報の転送が許可されることを特徴とする、請求項４記載の保存及び送信方法。
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PT1590960E (pt) 2010-07-06

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