JP2006505464A - Pressure vessel - Google Patents

Abstract

【Task】
It is an object of the present invention to create a pressure vessel with an outlet valve that allows improved safety and / or improved user operation using a material that varies in viscosity over the temperature range that appears. That is.
[Solution]
The pressure vessel (10) has an outlet valve with a sealing element (24) arranged on the sealing sheet (22). When the viscosity of the container contents is reduced below the limit value, the sealing element (24) is removed from the sealing sheet (22), so that the element closes or substantially reduces the open cross-section, avoiding the discharge of the container contents. Is done. Furthermore, the function of the outlet valve is improved by the provision of the operating lever (30). The lever has two hinged parts (40, 42) and reduces the operating force to a workable level, especially for refrigerated high viscosity materials.

Description

  The present invention relates to a pressure vessel for holding a pressurized material, specifically a frozen material. The pressure vessel has an outlet valve adjustable between a closed position and an open position for dispensing (dispensing) substance, and a sealing sheet (sealing sheet) for sealing with the outlet valve closed With a sealing element (sealing element).

  Pressure vessels or pressure cans for holding and deliberately releasing relatively high viscosity substances such as gaseous substances, aerosols or whipped creams have long been known and many outlet valves are It is used with. Due to the compressibility of these materials, sometimes relatively low pressures, and the predetermined temperature range in which these pressure vessels are used, a relatively simple outlet valve is generally sufficient, for example when the contents are too hot. In some cases, an overpressure valve can be used to reduce internal dangerous overpressure.

  It is necessary to be able to sell frozen or highly viscous materials in the pressure vessel, including the high internal pressure and / or large outlet of the vessel so that the desired amount of material can be dispensed for the desired length of time. The cross section is necessary. In that case, one problem arises with the high internal pressure of the can resulting in the operating force of a large opening cross section that rises very rapidly, which is no longer a simple push button of the kind known from conventional spray cans. It cannot be processed. At the same time, if the viscosity of the product stored in the container changes, for example when it warms up, or if there is a change in the agglomeration state, such as the frozen product melts, the high internal pressure of the can and / or the large outlet cross section Not only can the substance release very violently from the container and the surroundings can become unpleasantly soiled, but in the worst case, for example, when a child sprays a container with a melted container and opens the outlet valve There is also the problem of injuries.

  Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a pressure vessel having an outlet valve that allows improved safety and / or improved user operation with a material that varies in viscosity over the temperature range that appears. Is to make.

  The following is realized by the first embodiment according to the present invention for achieving the object. That is, warming, in particular, the change in the cohesive state of the substance and the resulting decrease in the viscosity of the substance is accompanied by an increase in the pressure drop in the sealing element, as well as in the area of the sealing element when the outlet valve opens. At least one having a small cross-sectional area which is provided between the sealing sheet and the interior of the container and / or is provided between the sealing sheet and the interior of the container to increase the flow rate, so that a substantially increased force compared to normal conditions is exerted on the sealing element. Due to the connection, the reduced viscosity increases the pressure of the sealing sheet and increases the force in the direction of exiting the sealing sheet against the sealing element. The resulting force on the sealing element is suitable for extracting the sealing element from the sealing sheet if the material does not reach a certain minimum viscosity, and the removed sealing element closes or substantially reduces the open cross section.

  Embodiments according to the present invention provide a safety function. This safety function prevents the outlet from appearing (opening) even when the viscosity of the pressure vessel stored in the pressure vessel drops, so that even after operating the outlet valve, the surroundings cannot be controlled and become dirty. There is no risk of injury to the user.

  The present invention provides a warming event, specifically in that the sealing element can be removed from its seat by changing the pressure and force conditions on the sealing element and can be used to safely close the cross section. Utilizes changes in viscosity conditions in the event of a change in aggregation state such as melting. For example, in the case of ice cream, a significant viscosity change occurs before the product melts, or for other substances in the liquid cohesive state range and especially those with non-Newtonian properties, the viscosity that requires the operation of the safety device. However, if there is a change in the cohesive state, changes in pressure and force conditions are particularly significant. Even chemical reactions can cause changes in viscosity.

  Removal of the sealing element from the sealing sheet can be realized by pressure drop or by intentional provision of the connection. Both equipments are preferably used in combination, so that due to the complex behavior of the substance during temperature changes, the intended metered release of the substance is no longer guaranteed due to the altered viscosity characteristics, The sealing element can be intentionally removed.

  In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the sealing element is embodied in an annular shape and the sealing sheet is in the form of an annular groove. With such a seal, a relatively large opening cross-section is sealed without difficulty, and the internal pressure of the container acts on the sealing element via the connection and the annular groove. It is particularly preferred to have a plurality of connecting holes distributed on the outer periphery between the sealing sheet and the interior of the container and / or an annular conduit below the sealing sheet. The annular conduit is narrower than the sealing sheet itself. These two equipments, each or preferably in combination with each other, ensure that the increased pressure generated during the reduction of the viscosity of the substance acts uniformly on the sealing element. The sealing element is then pushed uniformly from the sheet without being inclined. This is particularly advantageous for sealing rings of soft sealing material that are inherently less stable.

  The operating point, i.e. the viscosity with which the sealing element moves from its seat, can be intentionally set by the number and cross section of the connection holes. For example, the connection holes in the frozen material are closed by the formation of ice crystals so that pressure does not push the sealing element out of the sheet. On the other hand, after melting and the crystal disappearing with it, the internal pressure of the container can acts on the sealing element via the connection and possibly the annular conduit. For high viscosity materials, the pressure drop can be intentionally set by the cross-section of the connection without changing the aggregation state. These pressure drops prevent the sealing element from being pushed out until sufficient pressure in the sealing sheet is below a certain viscosity.

  In order to move the sealing element from its seat, other equipment, preferably used in combination with a connection, that creates a pressure drop in the sealing element that increases the tension on the sealing element, preferably in the following manner: can get. That is, the sealing element protrudes from the sheet and, when viewed relatively, projects obliquely into the open flow cross section, and its outer shape defines the narrowest portion of the flow cross section. In this way, a particularly high resultant force on the sealing element is generated simply by using a pressure drop. Also, the reduced viscosity due to some internal pressure of the can increases the flow rate in the area of the sealing site, and thus the pressure drop, and also the extraction force acting on the sealing element, so that this force increases as the viscosity decreases.

  In the closed state, the sealing element preferably cooperates with the conical contact surface. This contact surface, in the open state, forms the side (flank) of the flow cross section facing the sealing element. On the one hand, in order to facilitate the discharge of material and on the other hand to ensure a certain pressure drop, the narrowest part of the flow cross section is preferably shaped like a nozzle, for example like a venturi nozzle.

  Sealing rings having a disk shape or a substantially rectangular cross-section, preferably having rounded or chamfered edges and defining the narrowest part by the edges protruding from the sheet, are particularly advantageous. With the rounded end, the desired nozzle profile can be realized very simply and preferably the facing contact surfaces are embodied accordingly.

  The following embodiments of the present invention are advantageous. If the outlet valve is embodied as a multi-stage valve, each having at least two open cross-sections that open one after the other with an associated sealing element, and below the minimum viscosity, at least the first opening cross-section sealing element is connected from the seat Fastened and embodied. Embodiments having a multi-stage valve are advantageous to allow continuous exposure of the entire large opening cross section. The operation of the second stage is simplified if, for example, the frozen structure is loosened by opening the first cross section and the subsequent flow movement. Once the sealing element of the first opening section is removed and the opening section provided there is closed, the second opening section can also be opened if a very large force is expended, so that all sealing Elements should be tethered and embodied as described above.

  In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the sealing element removed from the seat is reinserted into the seat by closing the outlet valve. Depending on the substance, the container can still be used after it has been refrigerated below the operating temperature, and even if it is no longer recommended for use after melting, as in the case of ice cream, it can be used before the can is discarded. Can be emptied. So the container is no longer under pressure when thrown away.

  In this type of structural form of a reversibly removable sealing element, the sealing element comprises a disk of relatively high rigidity sealing material or an annular disk with a rigid substrate and a sealing part provided on the substrate. The substrate is guided in the direction of extraction between the sheet and the position where the opening cross section is closed. The solid substrate, together with the guide, ensures that the sealing element is returned to the seat again in a predetermined manner by closing the outlet valve, so that, for example, after freezing again, the outlet valve can be opened again as usual. For example, the guide can be embodied such that the sealing element is guided axially over the central protrusion. Depending on the construction, the projection also forms a connection between the valve element provided with a seat or contact surface for the sealing element and the tappet for actuating the outlet valve.

  According to another embodiment according to the invention for achieving the object of the invention, a valve element movable in the direction of the interior of the can is sealed by a tappet element for opening the opening cross section, preferably in combination with the safety function described above A sheet is provided. The tappet element can be pushed down by a lever. The lever arm has at least two parts that are rotatably fixed relative to each other, preferably a stationary, retracted position where they are locked together and an open operating position, preferably extending the lever arm which is also locked. Can rotate between.

  The advantage of the hinged lever structure is that a longer lever process is available in the open state, the operation is performed by grasping the second lever part with the user's hand, and it is easier to apply the force There is. At the same time, the lever is folded into a stationary position and the container is closed, for example by a plastic cap whose outline does not need to be larger than the diameter of the container or slightly larger. This has a great advantage in terms of space, especially when a plurality of containers are packed in a cardboard box.

  With a particularly preferred lever structure, the first lever arm part is rotatably connected beside the tappet element to a part fixedly connected to the container and acts on the radial protrusion via the pressure element. Such a construction ensures a short lever arm distance between the rotating part attached to the container and the engaging part of the pressure element, so that the opening force is particularly small. According to a particularly advantageous embodiment, radial protrusions are formed in the nozzle top unit seated on the tappet element. A nozzle top unit is provided, for example, for ice cream, so that it is delivered according to a certain structure and in a special shape under certain circumstances. In this respect, the following is advantageous. The nozzle top unit is held on the tappet by two pressure elements facing in the opposite direction. So, only when the lever is pushed down and thus the outlet valve opens, the axial force acts on the nozzle top unit, so no separate detent connection or other connecting element is needed to secure the nozzle top unit Secure retention is still guaranteed. In a particularly preferred refinement of the lever, the two lever arm parts are embodied in a hoop shape, the first lever arm part surrounds the tappet element and / or the nozzle top unit in both positions, and the second lever arm part is in the stationary position. Surrounding the tappet element and / or the nozzle top unit. The hoop-like embodiment allows on the one hand a sufficiently strong design of the lever, so that the force applied by the user can be transmitted and on the other hand a plastic cap etc. can be used to close the container in the area of the nozzle top unit. Considering the need, especially space can be saved. The diameter of the cap, if large, is only slightly larger than the outer diameter of the container.

  In yet another embodiment of the invention, the outlet valve has at least one other open cross section that appears to facilitate filling of the container in addition to the first open cross section. This other opening section is, for example, the opening section of the multistage valve described above, but it is also conceivable that it is another opening section that should be opened only for the filling operation. That is, after filling, at least one other open section remains closed even if the outlet valve is operated. This is realized, for example, by the fact that the stroke for opening the outlet valve in a normal emptying operation is not sufficient to reveal the second cross section. Conversely, in the filling operation, in some cases, the top is partially removed, and a sufficiently long stroke is performed to reveal both open cross sections, thus making it easier to introduce the product. In this process, the first open cross section appears first, then at least one other open cross section appears continuously like a multistage valve.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  In FIG. 1, the upper region of the pressure vessel 10 with an outlet valve 12 for exiting the pressure vessel contents 14 is shown in cross section. In the illustrated embodiment, the pressure vessel 10 is used to hold frozen ice cream. That is, the container is cryogenically frozen and the contents of the can have a very high viscosity corresponding to a frozen ice cream substance. The container 10 is under high pressure, which is suitable for removing such material from the outlet valve.

  The outlet valve 12 is substantially disposed on a sealing seat 22 to seal the outlet valve 12 from the internal pressure of the closed container, a valve housing 16 fixedly coupled to the pressure container 10 via a suitable seal 18. A movable valve element 20 having a disc-shaped sealing element 24, a sleeve-shaped tappet element 26 connected to the valve element 20, a nozzle top unit 28 attached to the tappet element 26, and more in detail below. As will be described, it has an operating lever 30 acting on the tappet element 26 and thus on the valve element 20 via the nozzle top unit 28. A helical spring 32 is also provided as a restoring spring between the tappet element 26 and the valve housing 16, and after releasing the operating lever 30, the tappet element 26 is returned to a stationary position. The outlet valve 12 is closed by the internal pressure of the container. Once the internal pressure of the container has decreased, the helical spring 32 ensures that no residue leaks from the interior of the container through the seal.

  Due to the high viscosity of the contents of the container, the open outlet valve 12 (see FIG. 4) has a relatively large opening cross section, so that a satisfactory amount of the contents of the container 10 can be used for a certain length of time ( Effective pressure). As a result, there is a need for a relatively large area valve element 20 having a relatively large diameter sealing location 34 defined by an outer peripheral edge 36 of the sealing element 24 and a conical contact surface 38 on the valve housing 16. The valve element 20 itself is sharp and pointed so that it easily enters the refrigeration component 14 during operation of the outlet valve 12.

  However, when the outlet valve 12 is to be opened against the internal pressure, a high operating force on the valve element 20 is required. Therefore, the operation lever 30 having the first lever arm portion 40 and the second lever arm portion 42 is provided. Both are embodied in a hoop shape, and surround the nozzle top unit 28 at the shipping position shown in FIG. 1, for example. In this position shown, the upper region can be covered with a plastic cap (not shown). The plastic cap is fastened to the pressure vessel 10 at the annular bead 44, and its outer diameter is only slightly larger if it is larger than the outer diameter of the pressure vessel, and the pressure vessel is packaged to save space.

  The first lever arm portion 40 meshes with the groove 48 of the valve housing 16 via the hoop 46, and is thus supported so as to be rotatable around this rotational location. The second lever arm portion 42 is attached to the rotating peg 52 by snap-on hoops 50 that snap on two sides. The rotation peg is provided in the first lever arm portion 40 and defines the hinge rotation location of the lever arm 30. As can be seen from FIGS. 6 and 7, the first lever arm portion has a pressure element 54 that abuts against the radially protruding end 58 of the nozzle top unit 28 at a point mark 56, embodied in the region of the lever branch point. .

  In order to fold the operating lever 30, this lever can be easily raised to the position shown in FIG. 2 in the folded and locked state. There is also a further rotation so that the nozzle top unit can be removed from the tappet element 26 in order to clean the nozzle top unit or replace it with another nozzle top unit having a differently embodied through hole. Is possible. As already mentioned, the two lever arm portions 40, 42 are easily releasably locked together, but can be removed from each other without any problem and rotated around the rotation pin 52 to produce the FIG. Fold open to the indicated operating position. In this state, the lever arm portions are locked together by suitable detent elements, preferably removably. In this state, the user can apply a large force to the second lever arm portion 42 with the palm, and this force is strengthened by the lever arm corresponding to the lever arm ratio.

  The lever 30 acts on the radial protrusion 58 of the nozzle top unit 28 via the contact point 56 via the pressure element 54 of the first lever arm 40. This radial protrusion now contacts the radial shoulder 60 of the tappet element 26. Actuating force is transmitted to the valve element 20 through the sleeve-shaped tappet element 26 and through the three support columns 62 obliquely intersecting toward the center and the connecting portion 64 connecting them at the center. Once the internal pressure of the can is exceeded, the valve element moves from the position shown in FIG. 3 to the exit position shown in FIG. 4 when an actuation force is applied. In FIG. 4, a large exit cross section appears between the conical contact surface 38 and the sealing end 36 of the sealing element 24. As a rule, as soon as the sealing element is lifted from the facing contact surface 38, the actuation force suddenly drops.

  In the state shown in both FIGS. 4 and 7, the substance 14 stored in the container is discharged through the open section in the region of the sealing point 34, through the strut 62, to the hollow tappet element 26, from there. It is discharged up to the top unit 28 and is discharged forward through an outlet opening 66 shown in this embodiment in the shape of a star. The nozzle top unit 28 loosely arranged on the tappet element 26 is held in the discharge position by the actuating lever 30 even when pressure is acting on it.

  After use, the lever can be refolded and the nozzle top unit 28 can be removed for cleaning. After cleaning and folding into the position shown in FIG. 1, the protective cap can be fastened (closed) to the annular bead 44. While removing the contents of the container, the tappet element 26 is sealed from the valve housing 16 by a sealing ring 68. The sealing ring slides along the cylindrical wall 70 of the valve housing 16 as the tappet element 26 moves. In the illustrated embodiment, the cylindrical wall 70 and the outer wall of the valve housing 16 form an annular hollow chamber 72 in which a portion of the helical spring 32 is disposed.

  The structure of the lever facilitates the opening of the outlet valve 12 with the shape of the valve element 20, while the specific structural embodiment of the sealing element 24 and its sealing sheet 22 ensures a safety function. This feature prevents the contents of the container from leaking out of the outlet opening 66 uncontrollably after opening the outlet valve 12, even if the viscosity is substantially reduced, such as after the ice cream has melted. Therefore, if the material 14 is below a certain minimum viscosity, when the outlet valve 12 is opened, the sealing element 24 disengages from its sealing sheet 22 and does not follow the valve element 20, as shown in FIG. Remain in position. In this position, the sealing element 24 is pressed against the conical contact surface 38 by the internal pressure of the can so that the sealing point 34 remains closed and no material can escape from the container. The sealing element 24 has sufficient hardness so that it does not undergo substantial shape change in this state. That is, it consists of a reasonably hard sealing material or has a substrate on which an actual seal with a sealing end 36 is arranged. The sealing element 24 is guided axially on the connecting element 64 so that the sealing element does not undergo a radial position change which can threaten the sealing of this position.

  In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1, 6 and 7, when the minimum viscosity is below, removal of the sealing element 24 from the sealing sheet 22 will result in a structural configuration in the area of the sealing location 34, and the sealing element 24 and the sealing sheet 22. This is realized by a predetermined holding force between the two. For example, in the case of frozen material, this material can only pass through the open cross section at a low flow rate, so that only a slight pressure drop occurs. On the other hand, when the viscosity is decreased and the flow rate is increased accordingly, the contact surface has a conical shape, the degree of protrusion of the sealing element 24 from the sealing sheet 22, and the outer shape of both the sealing end 36 and the contact surface 38. Depending on the equipment, a pressure drop that can vary is caused. The resulting reduced pressure intentionally creates a certain pressure on the sealing element 24 that attempts to push it out of the sealing sheet 22 through the effective surface area of the sealing element 24 downstream of the sealing point 34. Can be made. When the viscosity drops below a minimum level, for example when the container contents 14 melt, the force resulting from the pressure drop acting on the sealing element 24 is shown in FIG. 5 from the sealing sheet 22 against the clamping force. These structural factors and the holding force of the sealing element 24 on the sealing sheet 22 are adapted to move to a safe position. Thus, if any, material 14 will enter the interior of valve housing 16 or tappet element 26 only as soon as valve element 20 is pushed down.

  In addition to or in lieu of the above effects, at least one, but preferably multiple, it is difficult to adapt the structural details in order to achieve the activation of the safety function when certain parameters are obtained. It is advantageous to provide the connection hole 74 in the valve element. These holes connect the sealing sheet 22 and the inside of the pressure vessel 10. For example, the diameter and geometry (see FIGS. 2-5) of the at least one connecting hole 74 is selected such that the open cross-section is closed by crystal formation in the frozen state of the substance 14, so that the internal pressure of the can is the sealing sheet 22. Cannot act on the sealing element 24. As a result, when the operation lever 30 is operated in the frozen state, the dispensing position shown in FIG. 4 is achieved.

  When the frozen material melts, or in principle there is a substantial decrease in the viscosity of the material starting at a higher viscosity, the internal pressure of the can container acts on the sealing element 24 via the connection hole 74 of the valve element. Thus, if the substance 14 melts or falls below a certain minimum viscosity, removal of the sealing element 24 from the sheet 22 is only reinforced or performed by the internal pressure of the can. In this embodiment, it is possible to realize the safe position shown in FIG. 5 without any material leaking through the sealing portion 34. As already mentioned, the two effects of the high-viscosity material and the connection holes that self-seal due to the oncoming flow of the target and the occurrence of a pressure drop are to achieve the predetermined removal of the sealing element 24. Is preferably tied to

  By guiding the sealing element 24 on the connecting element 64, not only has the advantage that a safe sealing is achieved even when the valve element 20 moves towards the interior of the can, but also after the operating lever 30 has been released. There is also the advantage that the valve element 20 returns to the initial position again under the influence of the restoring spring 32 and in particular the internal pressure of the can, and in this process the sealing element 24 is pressed against its sealing sheet 22. A surface 36 at the outer periphery of the sealing sheet and / or the lower surface of the sealing element facilitates returning the sealing element 24 to the sheet 22. A connection hole or another opening between the sealing sheet 22 and the interior of the container is also advantageous in this respect. This is because, through these open sections, the substance 14 that collects between the sealing element 24 and its seat 22 in the safe position of FIG. 5 is easily pushed into the container. It is conceivable that the pressure vessel 10 is then refrigerated and, after reaching the required minimum viscosity, the normal opening operation is performed again and the substance 14 is withdrawn from the pressure vessel 10 in the usual desired manner.

  The embodiment shown in FIGS. 1-7 uses a reversible sealing element 24 to further use the contents of the container after re-refrigeration in many cases once the safety function has been activated, or It is preferred to empty at least to reduce the pressure before the container is discarded. On the other hand, there is also an embodiment where the opening cross-section is permanently closed after the safety function is activated and cannot be returned (non-reversible), for example, so that melted food that may be rotten can no longer be used. Guarantee to do.

  An embodiment of this type of outlet valve 112 is shown in FIG. For simplicity, only the area of the sealing location 134 and the valve element 120 is shown, but the remaining structural parts are similar to the structural parts of the embodiment shown in FIGS. In the embodiment of FIG. 8, a sealing element 124 having a substantially rectangular cross-section and a rounded sealing end 136 is seated on the sealing sheet 122, and the annular conduit 123 passes through at least one connection hole 174. It is arranged at the bottom of. This annular conduit communicates with the interior of the container. Again, a closed seal is created by contact of the sealing end 136 with the conical contact surface 138. Unlike the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1-7, the sealing element 124 is entirely made of a relatively soft material and is not specifically guided over the valve element 120. Again, a safety function is achieved by the intentional use of a pressure drop and / or pressure increase through the connection hole 174 with the annular conduit 123 allowing a uniform pressure increase, which is particularly advantageous with the soft sealing element 124. Will be actuated, the sealing element 124 is pushed into the gap 102 between the valve housing 116 and the valve element 120 after removal from the sealing sheet 122. In principle, this gap represents the cross section of the flow through which the material is to be discharged. After the valve element 120 is retracted, the sealing element deforms due to the internal pressure of the container due to its relatively soft nature so that the sealing element 124 can no longer enter the sealing sheet 122. Thus, the gap 102 remains permanently closed and no further substance release is possible after refrigeration again. In this connection part, it is conceivable that the region 102 is provided with a small through hole in the shape of an axial pipe line on the valve housing 116, for example. This line ensures that the contents of the container are slowly emptied after the safety function is activated. It is also conceivable to provide this kind of intentional dispensing function in the embodiment of FIGS. 1 to 7, for example by means of a through hole between the valve element 20 and the connecting element 64.

  The outlet valve can also be embodied by a plurality of steps. That is, after opening the valve element 20, it is conceivable to open another section in order to accelerate the release and / or introduction of the substance. Even in such an embodiment, a safety function is desirable for both valve stages. However, as a rule, if the first valve stage is not opened or is closed after the safety function has been activated, a considerable amount of force is required to open the second valve stage that is under pressure for release.

  FIG. 9 shows an example of such a multi-seat valve in the form of an outlet valve 212. This is exactly the same as the single stage variation. Accordingly, equivalent elements have the same reference numbers.

  In contrast, the valve housing 16 in the region of the sealing portion 184 of the first opening cross section does not include an annular protrusion that protrudes obliquely inside the can. Instead, it has a recessed seal 186 compared to the previous embodiment. On the other hand, the first sealing point 184 for cooperating with the disc-shaped sealing element 24 is formed by the conical disc element 180. The conical disc has a second annular sealing element 125 that cooperates with a second sealing location 186. The disc element 180 is guided by the shaft guide 182 so as to be movable in the axial direction toward the inside of the can. The shaft guide may be formed on the valve housing 16.

  The second opening cross-section, which is closed by the second sealing point 186 and the second sealing element 125, can be quickly achieved by depressing the tappet element 26 depending on the design of the lever mechanism, not shown here, and in relation to the position of the post. Opened to empty. However, in the illustrated embodiment, the second open cross section serves only to facilitate the process of filling the container with frozen ice cream. Even if the lever mechanism is removed and the nozzle top unit 28 is missing, the tappet 26 can actually be moved further into the can. There, since there is no internal pressure in the can, the disk element 180 moves to the position of the end of the shaft guide 182, and the second opening cross section into the container appears. Once it reaches the stopper, the tappet element 26 moves forward towards the interior of the can and then the first open cross-section in the region of the first sealing point 184 also appears. So a particularly large open cross-section for rapid filling is available. As soon as the container is under pressure and the lever mechanism with the nozzle top unit 28 is installed, the second opening cross-section remains closed due to the internal pressure of the can, and the stroke of the tappet element 26 is It is restricted so that it cannot act on the disk element 180.

It is sectional drawing in the upper side area | region of the pressure vessel of the closed state. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 1, having a previously released operating lever and a slightly changed outlet valve. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the upper region of FIG. 2 in which a folded operation lever is opened to an operation position. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the upper region of FIGS. 2 and 3 with the outlet valve open. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the upper region of FIGS. It is sectional drawing of embodiment of FIG. 1 which drew the external shape of the lever. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the embodiment of FIG. 6 with the outlet valve open. It is an expanded sectional view in the sealing field of another embodiment of an outlet valve. It is sectional drawing of the upper side area | region of the pressure vessel which has two opening cross sections.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Pressure vessel 12, 112, 212 Outlet valve 14 Contents 16, 116 Valve housing 18 Seal 20, 120 Valve element 22, 122 Sealing sheet 24, 124, 125 Sealing element 26 Tappet element 28 Nozzle top unit 30 Operation lever 32 Spiral spring, Restoration springs 34, 184, 186 Sealed portion 36 Surface 38, 138 Conical contact surface 40 First lever arm portion 42 Second lever arm portion 44 Annular bead 46 Hoop 48 Groove 52 Rotating peg 50 Snap-on hoop 54 Pressure element 56 Point mark , Contact point 58 radial projecting end 60 radial shoulder 62 strut 64 coupling portion, coupling element 66 outlet opening 68 sealing ring 70 cylindrical wall 72 annular hollow chamber 74, 174 connecting hole 102 gap 123 annular conduit 136 sealing end 18 Conical disc element 182 axial guide

Claims (25)

A pressure vessel for holding a pressurized substance, in particular a frozen substance, having an outlet valve (12) adjustable between a closed position and an open position for dispensing the substance, the outlet In a pressure vessel having a sealing element (24) arranged on a seat (22) for the valve (12) to close and seal,
A warming, in particular a change in the cohesive state of the substance, and the consequent or otherwise reduced viscosity of the substance is accompanied by an increase in the pressure drop in the sealing element (24) and at the same time the sealing element (24 ) Increase the flow velocity in the area
As a result, a substantially increased force compared to the normal state acts on the sealing element (24) in the direction of withdrawing the sealing element from the sheet (22) and / or is provided between the sheet (22) and the interior of the container, Due to the at least one connection (74; 174) having a small cross-sectional area, the reduced viscosity increases the pressure of the sheet (22) and also increases the force in the direction out of the sheet (22) against the sealing element (24). ,
If the resulting force on the sealing element (24) is below a certain minimum viscosity of the substance (14), the sealing element (24) is withdrawn from the sheet and the removed sealing element (24) closes or substantially closes the open cross section. The pressure vessel is characterized by being reduced.   2. Pressure vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that the sealing element (24; 124) is embodied in an annular shape and the sheet (22; 122) is in the form of an annular groove.   A pressure vessel according to claim 2, characterized in that a plurality of connection holes (74; 174) are provided and distributed on the outer circumference between the seat (22; 122) and the interior of the vessel.   The pressure vessel according to claim 2 or 3, wherein an annular pipe (123) narrower than the actual sheet (122) is provided at a lower part of the sheet (122).   The sealing element (24; 124) protrudes from the sheet (22; 122) and protrudes obliquely in the flow direction to an open flow section, the outer shape of the sealing element defining the narrowest part of the flow section. The pressure vessel as described in any one of -4.   6. Pressure vessel according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sealing element (22; 122) seals against the conical contact surface (38; 138) in the closed state.   The pressure vessel according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the narrowest portion of the flow cross section is shaped like a nozzle, preferably similar to a venturi nozzle. The annular sealing element (24; 124) preferably has a substantially rectangular cross-section with rounded or chamfered ends (36; 136);
The pressure vessel according to any one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that an end (36; 136) protruding from the sheet (22; 122) defines an outer shape of the narrowest portion. The outlet valve is embodied as a multi-stage valve, and in the exiting operation, each has at least two open cross-sections that open in sequence with an associated sealing element;
9. Pressure vessel according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least the first opening cross-sectional sealing element is removably embodied from the respective sheet when below the minimum viscosity.   10. The sealing element (24) removed from the seat (22) is reinserted into the seat (22) by closing the outlet valve (12). Pressure vessel. The sealing element (24) has an annular disc with a sealing part provided on the substrate and a rigid substrate, or consists of a rigid sealing material,
11. A pressure vessel according to claim 10, characterized in that the substrate is guided in the direction of extraction between the sheet (22) and a position where the opening cross section is closed.   12. Pressure vessel according to claim 11, characterized in that the sealing element (24) is guided axially on the central projection (64). The valve element (20) is movable in the direction of the interior of the can by a tappet element (26) for opening the opening cross section;
The tappet element (26) can be pushed down with the lever (30),
The lever arm has at least two parts (40, 42) that are rotatably fixed relative to each other, in order to extend the stationary arm position where they are preferably locked together, and preferably also the lever arm that is similarly locked. The pressure vessel according to claim 11, particularly the pressure vessel according to claim 1, wherein the pressure vessel can be rotated between the open operation position and the open operation position.   14. Pressure vessel according to claim 13, characterized in that the shaft guide for the sealing element (24) forms a connection (64) between the valve element (20) and the tappet element (26).   15. Pressure vessel according to claim 14, characterized in that the tappet element (26) is embodied in a cylindrical shape and is connected to the connecting element (64) via struts (62) extending diagonally or radially.   A first lever arm part (40) is rotatably connected to a part (48) fixedly connected to the container (10) beside the tappet element (26) and via a pressure element (54). The pressure vessel according to any one of claims 13 to 15, which acts on (58, 60).   17. Pressure vessel according to claim 16, characterized in that the radial protrusions (58) are formed in the nozzle top unit (28) seated on the tappet element (26, 60).   18. The nozzle top unit (28) is held between a tappet element (26) and two opposing pressure elements (54) of the first lever arm part (40). Pressure vessel.   Two lever arm parts (40, 42) are embodied in the form of a hoop, the first lever arm part (40) surrounds the tappet element (26) and / or the nozzle top unit (28) in both positions, the second 19. Pressure vessel according to any one of claims 16 to 18, characterized in that the lever arm part (42) surrounds the nozzle top unit (28) and / or the tappet element (26) in a stationary position.   20. A controlled discharge of the contents of the container through the discharge opening after removing the sealing element (24; 124) from the sealing sheet (22; 122). The pressure vessel according to item.   21. The outlet valve (12) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, in addition to the first opening section, it has at least one other opening section that appears to facilitate filling of the container. Pressure vessel.   The pressure vessel according to claim 21, wherein the two open cross sections appear continuously like a multistage valve.   23. The pressure vessel according to claim 22, wherein the outlet valve is designed so that only the first opening cross section appears in the full operating state. A disk element (180) is provided between the valve housing (16) and the valve element (20);
A first sealing point (184) having a first open cross section is provided between the disc element (180) and the valve element (20),
24. Pressure according to any one of claims 21 to 23, characterized in that a second sealing point (186) having a second open cross section is provided between the disc element (180) and the valve housing (16). container.   25. Pressure vessel according to claim 24, characterized in that the disc element (180) is guided on the valve housing (16) so as to be axially movable along the guide (182).

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