JP2006338322A - On-line resource assignment method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce a chance of deficient resources in an on-line transaction system. <P>SOLUTION: A standard handling amount of handlable transaction data of a plurality of servers handling the transaction data is memorized. A handling amount of the transaction data of the plurality of servers is detected and the detected handling amount and standard handling amount are compared, and the usable resources in the servers are changed when the detected handling amount and standard handling amount satisfy the designated relationship. The designated relationship means that an amount of transaction exceeds an amount of standard transaction and a specific ratio (80%) of the amount of standard transaction is obtained before a specific period. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

The present invention relates to a technique for assigning resources in a so-called online transaction system. Transaction objects in this online transaction system include financial products such as securities.

Conventionally, online resources (DB capacity, journal) have been allocated online and DB capacity including a margin in addition to the necessary amount in advance by setting online constants.

In the case where the necessary online resources are dynamically changed during online startup or online, the resource usage status is monitored and the necessary resources are allocated. It is necessary to prepare for resource format write, etc., and perform operations such as additional allocation to the corresponding online, which is a very complicated operation and takes time. For this reason, a method of preallocating a DB and a journal capacity including a margin by online constant setting is generally used.

In this case, in the case of a system configured with many online systems, the resources for including the surplus in the online unit are secured, so the investment cost for the system increases, while the transaction processing number increases only for a specific online system. In cases where the number of transactions is extremely small, not only can resources not be used effectively, but also because certain online systems have become obstacles due to lack of resources, the entire system including other online systems does not function. It will be the case. As a countermeasure in this case, for the online shortage of resources,
It was necessary to perform disk expansion or to reallocate online resources including other online resources. For this reason, the solution method as shown below, such as patent document 1, was taken.

In general, when a transaction system is constructed on a distributed system, the brands to be traded, participant terminals, etc. are divided into several groups, and brands and terminal groups are assigned to each online constituting the distributed system.

Conventionally, online is operated for each server, and online resources (DB, journal) including a margin are allocated for each online. Here, if orders are concentrated for a specific brand, even if there are other resources (DB capacity, journal capacity) available online, if the DB capacity or journal capacity is insufficient in the online where the load is concentrated, Since online processing cannot be continued, online processing ends abnormally and transaction processing stops. Based on the equal trading opportunity, when a part of online is stopped, the entire transaction processing distributed in other online is also stopped. After online abnormal termination, additional allocated DBs from other online databases and journals, free disks, etc.
Create a journal file, add a DB capacity and journal in the online constant settings, and restart the online that ended abnormally. After all online operations performed by the distributed system have been restarted, trading operations in the market will resume.

JP 7-121111 A

However, in a trading system that buys and sells securities, products, services, etc., there are order-intensive issues that are difficult to predict in advance, and the total number of transactions per day increases rapidly. That is, in the above-described Patent Document 1, there is a problem that it is very difficult to allocate system resources in a normal transaction with a large deviation in the number of transactions every day. For this reason, it is realized with a centralized system, but it is difficult to realize with a distributed system. In the distributed system (multiple online), it is an object of the present invention to continue trading transactions so as not to limit resources and to limit exchange services as much as possible.

In stock exchanges, etc., appropriate resource allocation is implemented based on the previous day's transaction volume and the forecast of future increase in transaction volume, but it is difficult to assume an accurate transaction situation from the economic situation. Therefore, secure a minimum amount of online resources (DB capacity, online journal capacity), and in the unlikely event that a resource shortage occurs, dynamically allocate a certain amount of resources from shared spare resources used among multiple systems. This prevents the system from going down due to an unexpected resource shortage. In order to solve this problem, the following configuration is adopted in the present invention. The reference handling amount of transaction data that can be handled is stored in advance for a plurality of server devices that handle transaction data, the handling amount of transaction data is detected for each of the plurality of server devices, and the detected handling amount and standard When the handling amount is compared and the detected handling amount and the reference handling amount satisfy a predetermined relationship, the resources that can be used by the server device are changed. The predetermined relationship includes, for example, that the transaction amount becomes greater than the reference transaction amount or that a certain percentage (80%) of the reference transaction amount reaches a specific time.

Resource allocation (change) includes two patterns: initial allocation performed at the start of online and dynamic allocation in which resources are allocated while online.

In the system described above, a plurality of online spare online resource groups (DBs, online journals) that can be used online are managed, and the amount of online resources required from the whole spare online resource group as needed for online when resources are required. Assign,
Online system.

In the above system, if the trading of an arbitrary brand becomes active in accordance with the monitoring condition of the resource (DB capacity, journal) usage status on an online basis, and the DB usage capacity increases rapidly and exceeds the threshold, the entire reserve online resource group An online trading system characterized by allocating the required resource capacity to the corresponding online to prevent online trading suspension and improve trading opportunities and services.

With the above configuration, according to the present invention, online stoppage can be reduced as much as possible against a shortage of resources when the number of cases increases rapidly. In addition, it is possible to easily optimize the storage device such as a disk and manage the DB capacity.

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, in which 101 to 103 are trading participant devices, 201
Reference numeral 203 denotes a trading business execution device, 204 a shared resource device, and 205 a resource management device.

The transaction participant devices 101 to 103 are devices that are used by the transaction participant to participate in each transaction business. From this device, an order of each market and each product is requested to the transaction business execution devices 201 to 203.

The trading business execution devices 201 to 203 manage orders and transaction results for each market and product, and transmit the transaction results to the transaction participant devices. The transaction related information is stored and managed in 201-a to 203-a and 201-b to 203-b.

The resource management device 204 confirms the databases 201-a to 203a in the transaction transaction devices 201 to 203 before and after the business operation, and confirms the used capacity and calculates and adds an additional allocated resource from the confirmed used capacity according to the flow of the figure. Performs automatic generation of additional allocated capacity file from resource allocation calculation result and resource allocation at online startup.

Further, the resource management device 204 performs a database capacity addition execution process for the databases 201-a to 203-a in the trading devices 2 to 4 during business operation.

Further, the resource management device 204 performs a process of adding journal resource amounts for the journals 201-b to 203-b in the trading devices 201 to 203 during operation.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a data file necessary for resource allocation. The devices 201 to 203 and the device 204 have data files 201-c to 203-c and 204-c necessary for additional resource allocation, respectively. The data files 201-c to 203-c include DB allocation resource, management partition number, initial allocation number, dynamic allocation threshold value, and dynamic allocation labor partition number for each DB. There is a journal spare resource allocation file in which the target online, initial allocation number, dynamic allocation threshold value, and dynamic allocation area number are set for each online.

204-c includes a resource allocation target server management file in which information of a market server (online) to be allocated is set, an entire online resource group management file, and a journal spare resource management file.

FIG. 3 shows the relationship between the business hours, the online initial start allocation, and the online dynamic additional allocation. At the time of online activation, the initial allocation is determined from the result of the previous day and activated. While online, monitoring is performed at regular intervals (n seconds), and DBs and journals that exceed the dynamic allocation threshold in data files 201-c to 203-c are stored in data files 201-c to 203-c. Perform additional resource allocation for the number of dynamic resource allocation sections.

  4 to 6 outline the initial allocation at the time of online activation and the dynamic allocation during online operation.

In the dynamic allocation during online operation, the devices 201 to 203 periodically monitor the amount of each resource, and when a threshold value is exceeded, a warning message is sent to the device 204 and each definition 201-c to 203-c1 is sent.
Requests resource allocation according to the contents defined in. The device 04 that has received the request performs resource allocation processing for the requesting devices 201 to 203.

FIG. 7 shows a flowchart of initial database resource allocation processing at the time of online activation.

  701: The resource allocation process at the time of online activation is started.

702: After online completion, the number of transactions at the time of online processing on the day is counted on the devices 201 to 203 for each market, DB 201-a to 203-a, and the DB spare resource allocation file 201-c2 to 203-
Output to initial allocation numbers (calculated values) 201-c2b2 to 203-c2b2 in c2.

If it is assumed that past statistics such as the next online transaction prediction and events will be greatly different, the initial allocation number (specified value) 20 in the DB spare resource allocation files 201-c2 to 203-c2
Set the specified value in 1-c2b3 to 203-c2b3.

703: All online database resources are allocated and reassigned at online startup. When the allocation capacity and the reallocation process of all the databases are completed, the process 711 ends. If the allocated capacity of the database and the reassignment are not completed, the process of 704 is performed.

704: Number of spare resources currently allocated in the devices 201-203 201-c2b1-20
3-c2b1 is compared with the initial allocation number (calculated value) 201-c2b2 to 203-c2b2 that is the result of the aggregation in (2). When the initial allocation number (calculated value) 201-c2b2 to 203-c2b2 is small, the process (6) is performed.
When the initial allocation number (calculated value) 201-c2b2 to 203-c2b2 is large, the process (5) is performed.

705: Initial allocation number (calculated value) 201- in the DB spare resource allocation files 201-c2 to 203-c2
In accordance with c2b2 to 203-c2b2, a spare resource area is additionally allocated with the necessary amount as an initial allocation.

706: The initial allocation numbers (calculated values) 201-c2b2 to 203-c2b2 of the devices 201 to 203 are compared with the default allocation numbers 201-c1b to 203-c1b, and the initial allocation numbers (calculated values) 201-c2b2 to 203-c2b2 If there are fewer, process (8) is performed. When the initial allocation number (calculated value) 201-c2b2 to 203-c2b2 is larger, the process (7) is performed.

707: Initial allocation number (calculated value) 201-c2b2 to 203-c2b2 and current allocation number 201-c2b1 to 203-c2
Release the spare resource area that is different from b1.

708: Default allocation numbers 201-c1b to 203-c1b are set as the lower limit, and the current allocation numbers 201-c2b1 to
Release the spare resource area that is the difference from 203-c2b1.

709: Initial allocation number (calculated value) 201- in the DB spare resource allocation files 201-c2 to 203-c2
The initial allocation numbers (specified values) 201-c2b3 to 203-c2b3 in the DB spare resource allocation files 201-c2 to 203-c2 are compared with c2b2 to 203-c2b2.

Initial allocation number (specified value) 201-c2b3 to 203-c2b3 not set or initial allocation number (calculated value) 201-c2b2
If less than ˜203-c2b2, the process returns to (3), and the next database resource processing allocation capacity confirmation / reallocation is performed. When the initial allocation number (specified value) 201-c2b3 to 203-c2b3 is larger, the process (10) is performed.

710: Initial allocation number (calculated value) 201-c2b2 to 203-c2b2 and initial allocation number (specified value) 201-c2b3 to
Allocate a spare resource area with a difference of 203-c2b3.

711: End FIG. 8 shows an online dynamic additional allocation (DB) flowchart.

  801: Start resource allocation processing when online.

802: The devices 201 to 203 periodically monitor the transaction volume of the market each of them is responsible for while online.

It is confirmed from 201-a to 203-a whether the transaction volume exceeds the threshold by monitoring at 803: 802.

In the comparison of 804: 803, it is determined whether the transaction amount is larger than the upper limit threshold. If more, go to 805, and if less than the threshold, go to 807.

  805: Output a warning message indicating which market's transaction volume threshold has been exceeded.

806: In response to the warning output by the devices 201 to 203, it is determined which market has exceeded the threshold value.

807: Additional allocation is performed for the DB resource allocation amount in accordance with the setting values of the data files 201-c to 203-c for the market to be allocated at 807: 806.

808: End FIG. 9 shows an online dynamic additional allocation (journal) flowchart.

  901: Start resource allocation processing when online.

902: While online, the devices 201-203 periodically monitor the transaction volume of the market each is responsible for.

Whether the transaction volume exceeds the threshold is monitored by monitoring at 903: 902. 201-b to 203-b are checked. In the comparison at 904: 903, it is determined whether the transaction volume is larger than the upper threshold. If there are more, go to 905, otherwise go to 907.

  905: Output a warning message indicating which market's transaction volume threshold has been exceeded.

906: In response to the warning output by the devices 201 to 203, it is determined which market has exceeded the threshold value.

In 907: 906, the journal resource allocation amount is additionally allocated according to the setting values of the data files 201-c to 203-c for the market to be allocated.

  908: End

The database resource initial allocation example at the time of online activation will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

FIG. 10 Example 1 Example of reserve resource additional allocation: Market 1 (brand a) server 701: The resource allocation process at the time of online activation is started.

702: After completion of online, the number of transactions at the time of online processing on the device 201 is totaled for each market and DB 201-a, and the initial allocation number (calculated value) 201-c2b2 in the DB spare resource allocation file 201-c2 Output to.

  In Example 1, the number of issues a1 is 4000, and the number of issues a2 is 3000.

When it is assumed that past statistics such as next online transaction forecasts and events will be greatly different, set the specified value in the initial allocation number (specified value) 201-c2b3 in the DB backup resource allocation file 201-c2 . Not set in Example 1.

703: All online database resources are allocated and reassigned at online startup. When the allocation capacity and the reallocation process of all the databases are completed, the process 711 ends. If the allocated capacity of the database and the reassignment are not completed, the process of 704 is performed.

704: The number of reserved resources 201-c2b1 currently allocated in the apparatus 201 is compared with the initial allocation number (calculated value) 201-c2b2 which is a result of the aggregation in 702. Initial allocation (calculated value)
When the amount of 201-c2b2 is small, the processing of 706 is performed. If the initial allocation number (calculated value) 201-c2b2 is large, the process of 705 is performed.

In Example 1, the initial allocation number (calculated value) 201-c2b2 is 7000 and the current allocation number 201-c2b1 is 5000
Since there are more cases, processing 705 is performed.

705: In Example 1, the initial allocation number (calculated value) 20 in the DB backup resource allocation file 201-c2
According to 1-c2b2 (7000 cases), the necessary amount (2000 cases) is additionally allocated as the initial allocation.

  706 to 708: In Example 1, no processing is performed.

709: Initial allocation number (calculated value) 201-c2b2 (70 in the DB spare resource allocation file 201-c2
00) and the initial allocation number in DB spare resource allocation file 201-c2 (specified value) 201-c2b3 (Example 1)
Then, there is no setting). In Example 1, since the initial allocation number (specified value) 201-c2b3 is not set, the processing returns to 703 to confirm / reallocate the next database resource processing allocation capacity.

  710: In Example 1, no processing is performed.

711: End FIG. 10 Example 2 Reserve resource release example: Market 2 (brand c) server 701: Resource allocation processing at the time of online activation is started.

702: After online completion, the number of transactions at the time of online processing on the current day is totaled for each market and DB 203-a on the device 203, and the initial allocation number (calculated value) 203-c2b2 in the DB spare resource allocation file 203-c2 Output to.

  In Example 2, the number of brands c1 is 3000 and the number of brands c2 is 1000, for a total of 4000.

When it is assumed that past statistics such as the next online transaction forecast or event will be greatly different, set the specified value in the initial allocation number (specified value) 203-c2b3 in the DB backup resource allocation file 203-c2 . Not set in Example 2.

703: All online database resources are allocated and reassigned at online startup. When the allocation capacity and the reallocation process of all the databases are completed, the process 711 ends. If the allocated capacity of the database and the reassignment are not completed, the process of 704 is performed.

704: The number 203-c2b1 of spare resources currently allocated in the apparatus 203 is compared with the initial allocation number (calculated value) 203-c2b2 which is the result of the aggregation in 702. Initial allocation (calculated value)
When the amount of 203-c2b2 is small, the processing of 706 is performed. When the initial allocation number (calculated value) 203-c2b2 is large, the processing of 705 is performed.

In Example 2, the initial allocation number (calculated value) 203-c2b2 is 4000, and the current allocation number 203-c2b1 is 5000.
Since there are fewer cases, processing 706 is performed.

  705: No processing is performed in Example 2.

706: Initial allocation number (calculated value) 203-c2b2 of device 203 and default allocation number 203-c1b
If the initial allocation number (calculated value) 203-c2b2 is smaller, the processing of 708 is performed. When the initial allocation number (calculated value) 203-c2b2 is larger, the process of 707 is performed.

In Example 2, the initial allocation number (calculated value) 203-c2b2 in the DB spare resource allocation file 203-c2 (
4000)) and the default quota 203-c1b (5000), and the initial quota (calculated value) 203
-Since c2b2 (4000 cases) is small, process 707 is performed.

707: No processing is performed in Example 2. 708: The default allocation number 203-c1b is set as the lower limit, and the difference from the current allocation number 203-c2b1 is released.

In Example 2, 5000 dynamic allocation areas, which are the difference between the default allocation number 203-c1b (5000) and the current allocation number 203-c2b1 (10000), are released and the current allocation number is changed to 5000. To do.

709: The current allocation number 203-c2b1 (5000) is compared with the initial allocation number (specified value) 203-c2b3 (not set in Example 2) in the DB spare resource allocation file 203-c2. In Example 2, the initial allocation number
(Specified value) Since 201-c2b3 has not been set, the processing returns to step 703 to confirm / reallocate the next database resource processing allocation capacity.

  710: In Example 2, no processing is performed.

  711: End

Online dynamic resource allocation (DB)
FIG. 11 shows an example of online dynamic resource allocation (DB) in FIG.

The dynamic allocation threshold of all DBs described in the DB spare resource allocation files 201-c2 to 203-c2 in the data files 201-c to 203-c is 75% of the maximum capacity, and the number of dynamic allocation area partitions is Market 1 brand A and brand B managed by the device 201 while online when the maximum capacity is the same (10000)
Describe the case where the total number of items exceeds the threshold of 7,500 and is subject to additional resource allocation.

In 802, each of the devices 201 to 203 monitors the resource amount at an interval set as the DB spare resource allocation file 201-c2 to 203-c2 resource monitoring interval in the data files 201-c to 203-c.

In step 803, the resource amounts 201 to 203 are compared with the dynamic allocation threshold values of the data files 201-c to 203-c.

In 804, it can be seen that the resource capacity of the device 201 has exceeded the 7,500 dynamic allocation threshold values described in 201-c. Further, it is found that the devices 202 and 203 do not exceed the dynamic allocation threshold value, and the processing of 808 is ended.

805: A warning message describing the target market, DB, and threshold value is output from the device 201 that has exceeded the dynamic allocation threshold value.

In 806, the apparatus 204 receives a message exceeding the dynamic allocation threshold value, and determines the target market server (online) and the allocation target DB from the message.

807: The resource management function of the device 204 confirms the number of dynamically added allocation area partitions of the DB to be allocated from the information of the data file 201-c in the device 201, and determines the number of partitions for the DB in the 204
Perform additional allocation from 204-a to device 201-a. By this processing, the apparatus 201 adds up the brands A and B in total.
Business processing can be executed up to 20,000 cases.

808: The dynamic resource allocation process is terminated. Thereafter, monitoring is resumed at the monitoring interval 802.

Online dynamic resource allocation (journal)
FIG. 12 shows an example of online dynamic resource allocation (DB) in FIG.

When the dynamic allocation threshold of all the journals described in the data files 201-c to 203-c is 75% of the maximum capacity and the dynamic allocation area is equal to the maximum capacity, the device 201 manages it while online. The case where the amount of journals of issue A and issue B in market 1 exceeds the threshold of 75% and becomes 80% and is subject to additional resource allocation will be described.

  In 902, each device 201-203 monitors the resource amount at an interval of n seconds.

In 903, the resource amount of 201 to 203 is compared with the data file 201-c to 203-c threshold,
It can be seen in 904 that the resource capacity of the device 201 has exceeded the 7,500 dynamic allocation threshold values described in 201-c.

905: A warning message describing the target market, DB, and threshold is output from the device 201 that has exceeded the dynamic allocation threshold.

906: The device 204 that receives the message exceeding the dynamic allocation threshold value determines the target market server (online) and the allocation target DB from the message.

907: The area corresponding to the number of dynamically added allocation area partitions of the DB to be allocated is allocated from the DB 204-b in 204 to the apparatus 201-b from the information of the data file 201-c in the apparatus 201.

908: The dynamic resource allocation process is terminated. Thereafter, monitoring is resumed at the monitoring interval 902.

Application to long-term online such as 24-hour online This application example assumes a case where data bias occurs for a specific online among systems operating in a distributed manner on multiple online. The present invention can also be applied to different combinations of long-time online such as time online and different online such as in-house processing system.

Grid computing, virtual storage In the application of grid computing, virtual storage, and the like, it is considered that resources can be effectively utilized by applying the present invention.

It is a system configuration outline figure of an embodiment of the invention. It is a resource allocation data file figure. It is an example of a database dynamic addition allocation during online operation. It is a resource initial allocation schematic diagram at the time of online starting. It is a DB resource dynamic allocation schematic when online. It is a journal resource dynamic allocation schematic when online. It is a resource initial allocation flowchart at the time of online starting. It is a DB resource dynamic allocation flowchart when online. It is a journal resource dynamic allocation flowchart at the time of online. It is an example of resource initial allocation at the time of online activation. This is an example of DB resource dynamic allocation when online. This is an embodiment of journal resource dynamic allocation when online.

Explanation of symbols

101-103 ... Trading Participant Participant, 2011-203 ... Trading Business Execution Device, 201-a-203-a ...
Trading business execution device DB, 201-b to 203-b ... Trading business execution device journal, 201-c to 203-c ... Trading business execution device data file group, 201-c1 to 203-c1 ... Trading business execution device DB resource Allocation file, 201-c2 to 203-c2 ... Trading business execution device DB reserve resource allocation file, 201-c3 to 203-c3
... trading business execution device journal spare resource allocation file, 201-c2a to 203-c2a ... DB resource monitoring interval, 201-c2b to 203-c2b ... allocation target DB, 201-c2b1 to 203-c2b1 ... current allocation number of DB resources 201-c2b2 to 203-c2b2 ... DB resource management partition number, 201-c2b3 to 203-c2b3 ... DB resource initial allocation number (calculated value), 201-c2b4 to 203-c2b4 ... DB resource initial allocation number ( Specified value),
201-c2b5 to 203-c2b5 ... DB resource dynamic allocation threshold, 201-c2b6 to 203-c2b6 ... DB resource dynamic allocation area partition count, 201-c3a to 203-c3a ... Journal resource monitoring interval, 201-c3b ~ 203-c3b
... Online to be allocated, 201-c3b1 to 203-c3b1 ... Initial number of journal resources allocated, 201-c3
b2 to 203-c3b2 ... journal resource dynamic allocation threshold, 201-c3b3 to 203-c3b3 ... journal resource dynamic allocation area number, 204 ... resource management device, 204-a ... resource management device DB, 204
-b ... Resource management device journal, 204-c ... Data file group in the resource management device, 204
-c1 ... resource management device data file group, 204-c2 ... resource allocation target server management file, 204-c2a ... DB spare resource management file, 204-c2b ... journal spare resource management file.

Claims (1)

In a resource allocation method in an online transaction system that processes transaction data using a plurality of server devices each handling transaction data relating to a predetermined transaction,
For each of the plurality of server devices, a reference handling amount of transaction data that can be handled is stored in advance.
For each of the plurality of server devices, the handling amount of transaction data is detected,
Resource allocation characterized by comparing a detected handling amount with the reference handling amount, and changing a resource usable by the server device when the detected handling amount and the reference handling amount satisfy a predetermined relationship. Method.

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