JP2006338038A - Projection optical system and projection display device using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a projection optical system using an slanting projection system having a high enlargement ratio, which secures the ratio of peripheral light quantity while contriving the miniaturization of a device, and a projection type display device using the same. <P>SOLUTION: The projection optical system guides luminous flux from a picture display panel to a surface to be projected inclined to a reference axis, and forms image information on the surface to be projected. The projection optical system has a reflection optical system including a plurality of rotationally asymmetric reflection surfaces having curvature and reflecting the luminous flux from the picture display panel by the plurality of rotationally asymmetric reflection surfaces so as to guide it onto the surface to be projected, and has a diaphragm between the rotationally asymmetric reflection surfaces of the reflection optical system or between the reflection optical system and the picture display panel. The diaphragm forms an image at negative magnification by an optical member arranged nearer to the side of the surface to be projected than the position of the diaphragm, and the image forming position of the diaphragm is between the reflection surface nearest to the surface to be projected out of the plurality of rotationally asymmetric reflection surfaces and the surface to be projected. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a projection optical system and a projection display device using the same. For example, it is suitable for an optical apparatus such as a liquid crystal projector (projection) that guides a light beam modulated by an image display panel such as a liquid crystal display element (liquid crystal panel) or a digital micromirror device to a screen or a wall to form image information. Is.

  Conventionally, an image display panel such as a liquid crystal panel is illuminated with a light beam from a light source, and an image is formed by enlarging and projecting on a screen or a wall by a projection lens using transmitted light or reflected light modulated by the image display panel. Various passive projectors have been proposed.

  In the projection optical system used for projection, various projection optical systems capable of oblique projection with respect to the screen have been proposed in order to shorten the distance between the screen and the apparatus (Patent Documents 1 to 3).

  FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the projection optical system disclosed in Patent Document 1. In FIG.

  In the figure, L is an illumination system, and LV is a light valve using a transmissive or reflective dot matrix liquid crystal. An image based on the light valve LV is enlarged and projected on the screen S by the projection optical system PL, and displayed on the screen S.

  In the present invention, a wide-angle lens having a large angle of view is used as the projection optical system PL, the light valve LV and the screen S are shifted with respect to the optical axis La of the projection optical system PL, and the end portion of the angle of view is arranged. By using and projecting, an oblique projection optical system is configured.

  FIG. 16 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the projection optical system disclosed in Patent Document 2. In the figure, L is an illumination system, and LV is a light valve using a transmissive or reflective dot matrix liquid crystal. An image based on the light valve LV is formed as an intermediate image by the first projection optical system PL1, and enlarged and projected onto the screen S by the second projection optical system PL2. In the present invention, the screens S are projected obliquely by appropriately tilting the optical axes of the first and second projection optical systems.

  Patent Document 3 discloses a projection optical system that projects an image from an oblique direction using a plurality of reflecting surfaces.

  On the other hand, various imaging systems have recently been proposed that use non-coaxial optical systems to reduce the size of the entire optical system. In a non-coaxial optical system, it is known that an optical system in which aberrations are sufficiently corrected can be constructed by introducing the concept of a reference axis and making an asymmetric aspherical surface (Patent Documents 4 to 6). ).

Such a non-coaxial optical system is an off-axial optical system (a curved surface whose surface normal at the intersection with the reference axis of the component surface is not on the reference axis when considering the reference axis along the ray passing through the image center and the pupil center ( An optical system defined as an optical system including an off-axial curved surface), and at this time, the reference axis is called a bent shape. In this off-axial optical system, the constituent surfaces are generally non-coaxial, and no vignetting occurs even on the reflecting surface, so that it is easy to construct an optical system using the reflecting surface. In addition, the optical path can be routed relatively freely, and it has a feature that it is easy to make an integrated optical system by a method of integrally forming the constituent surfaces.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 05-10032 JP 05-080418 A Republished patent WO97 / 01787 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 09-5650 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 08-292371 JP 08-292372 A

  In Patent Document 1, a projection optical system in which the light valve and the screen are shifted with respect to the optical axis is used. In this case, as shown in FIG. 11, the size of the field angle of the projection optical system to be used is θ 2. It is. However, the projection optical system to be used requires a high angle of view lens system having a considerably large angle of view (θ1). In a normal lens system, the amount of light decreases as the angle of view increases from the optical axis La. For this reason, the more the lens system with a high angle of view is used, the greater the difference in brightness in the vertical direction of the screen S. Further, when the optical axis La is configured to be directed toward the center of the screen S (FIG. 12), an image is not formed on the screen S in a normal lens system, but is formed on a plane S ′ perpendicular to the optical axis La. Is done. In such a configuration, as is well known, the projected image is distorted in a trapezoidal shape, and the screen S is out of focus in the vertical direction. When correcting the inclination of the image plane, the difference between the light path L1 of the light beam passing through the upper part of the screen S and the light path L2 of the light beam passing through the lower part of the screen S must be canceled out. When this difference is corrected, if the correction can be made near the imaging plane, the optical path difference between the optical path L1 and the optical path L2 is reduced, so that the correction amount is small. On the other hand, when correction is performed on the optical surface on the screen side where the projected image is enlarged, the optical path difference between the optical path L1 and the optical path L2 is directly affected.

  In the apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 2, it is difficult to sufficiently tilt the image plane because the lens system is only tilted. If the tilt amount is too large, it is difficult to ensure optical performance.

  The projection optical system in the reflective display device disclosed in Patent Document 3 forms a coaxial system using one concave mirror and one or two convex mirrors, and a part of the reflecting surfaces of the concave mirror and convex mirror. Is used to project an image from an oblique direction. Since it is a coaxial system, it is difficult to correct aberrations, and it is difficult to brighten the reflective optical system (decrease the F number).

  The projection optical system uses a configuration in which a diaphragm is disposed between the reflecting members. The light beam that has passed through the stop is incident on the convex mirror, and the divergent light beam from the convex mirror is incident on the next convex mirror. For this reason, there was a tendency for the effective diameter of the second convex mirror to increase. At this time, the two convex mirrors form a virtual image of the stop.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a projection optical system and a projection display device using the same.

  It is another object of the present invention to provide a bright projection optical system and a projection display device using the same.

The projection optical system of the invention of claim 1
In a projection optical system for guiding light flux from an image display panel onto a projection surface inclined with respect to a reference axis and forming image information on the projection surface,
The projection optical system includes a plurality of rotationally asymmetric reflective surfaces having a curvature, and reflects the light beam from the image display panel by the plurality of rotationally asymmetric reflective surfaces and guides the light onto the projection surface. Have
A diaphragm is provided between the rotationally asymmetric reflective surfaces of the reflective optical system or between the reflective optical system and the image display panel;
The diaphragm is imaged at a negative magnification by an optical member arranged on the projection surface side from the diaphragm position,
An imaging position of the diaphragm is between the reflection surface closest to the projection surface and the projection surface among the plurality of rotationally asymmetric reflection surfaces.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the invention, the refractive power of the reflective surface having a refractive power on which light that has passed through the diaphragm first enters among the plurality of reflective surfaces is positive.

  A third aspect of the invention is characterized in that, in the first or second aspect of the invention, the plurality of reflecting surfaces are all aspherical reflecting surfaces having refractive power.

  The invention of claim 4 is the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the projection optical system is used when the image display panel and the projection surface are arranged in a non-parallel state. It is characterized by being.

  A fifth aspect of the present invention is the optical system according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, wherein the reflective optical system includes a reflective surface closest to the projection surface among the plurality of rotationally asymmetric reflective surfaces, and the second target. An image based on the image display panel is formed between a reflection surface close to the projection surface.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the reflective optical system includes a plurality of the rotationally asymmetric reflective surfaces having two refractive surfaces and a curvature on the surface of the transparent body, At least one optical block configured such that a light beam from the image display panel enters the inside of the transparent body from one refracting surface, is reflected by the plurality of rotationally asymmetric reflecting surfaces, and is emitted from another refracting surface. It is characterized by including.

The invention of claim 7 is the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the reflection optical system is developed around a center line connecting the center of the image display panel and the center of image information on the projection surface. When the principal point position in the azimuth ξ degree on the image display panel side is H (ξ) and azimuth representing the surface including the center line and the normal line of the projection surface is α, | (H (α + 90 °) -H (α)) / H (α) | <0.2
It is characterized by satisfying the following conditions.

The invention according to claim 8 is the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a center line connecting the center of the image display panel and the center of the image information on the projection surface and a normal line of the projection surface. The angle formed is θ, the focal length at azimuth ξ degrees when the reflective optical system is developed around the center line is f (ξ), and the surface includes the center line and the normal of the projection surface. When azimuth is α, | 1-cos θf (α) / f (α + 90 °) | <0.2
It is characterized by satisfying the following conditions.

  A projection display device according to a ninth aspect of the present invention guides a light beam based on the image display panel onto the projection surface using the projection optical system according to any one of the first to eighth aspects, The image information is formed on a projection surface.

  According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in the ninth aspect, the light beam based on the image display panel from the projection optical system is guided to a transmission type projection surface through one or a plurality of plane mirrors, and the transmission is performed. The image information is formed on the projection surface of the mold projection surface.

  According to the present invention, by setting each element as described above, a projection optical system using an oblique projection method that secures a large peripheral light amount ratio and has a high magnification ratio while reducing the size of the apparatus, and the same A projection type display device using can be achieved.

  Prior to the description of the present embodiment, description will be given of how to represent the configuration specifications of the embodiment and common matters of the entire embodiment.

  FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram of a coordinate system defining configuration data of the optical system of the present invention. In the embodiment of the present invention, the i-th surface is defined as the i-th surface along one light ray (shown by a one-dot chain line in FIG. 17 and referred to as a reference axis light ray) traveling from the object side to the image plane.

  In FIG. 17, the first surface R1 is a refractive surface, the second surface R2 is a reflecting surface tilted with respect to the first surface R1, and the third surface R3 and the fourth surface R4 are shifted and tilted with respect to the respective front surfaces. The reflective surface, the fifth surface R5, is a refractive surface shifted and tilted with respect to the fourth surface R4. Each surface from the first surface R1 to the fifth surface R5 is formed on one optical element made of a medium such as glass or plastic, and is shown as a first optical element B1 in FIG.

  17, the medium from the object surface (not shown) to the first surface R1 is air, the common medium from the first surface R1 to the fifth surface R5, and the sixth surface (not shown) from the fifth surface R5. The medium up to R6 consists of air.

  Since the optical system of the present invention is an off-axial optical system, the surfaces constituting the optical system do not have a common optical axis. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, first, an absolute coordinate system having the origin of the center of the first surface is set.

  In the embodiment of the present invention, the center point of the first surface is the origin, and the path of the light beam (reference axis light beam) passing through the origin and the center of the final imaging surface is defined as the reference axis of the optical system. ing. Furthermore, the reference axis in the present embodiment has a direction (orientation). The direction is the direction in which the reference axis ray travels during imaging.

  In the embodiment of the present invention, the reference axis serving as the reference of the optical system is set as described above. However, the method of determining the axis serving as the reference of the optical system is based on optical design, aberrations, or the optical system. An axis convenient for expressing each surface shape may be employed. However, in general, the reference axis that serves as a reference for the optical system is the center of the image plane and the path of the light beam that passes through the stop, entrance pupil, exit pupil, or the center of the first surface or the center of the final surface of the optical system Set to.

  That is, in the embodiment of the present invention, the reference axis passes through the center point of the first surface, and the light beam (reference axis light beam) reaching the center of the final imaging surface is refracted and reflected by each refracting surface and reflecting surface. The reference axis is set. The order of each surface is set in the order in which the reference axis rays are refracted and reflected.

  Therefore, the reference axis finally reaches the center of the image plane while changing its direction in accordance with the law of refraction or reflection along the set order of each surface.

  All of the tilt surfaces constituting the optical system of each embodiment of the present invention are basically tilted within the same plane. Therefore, each axis of the absolute coordinate system is determined as follows.

Z axis: A straight line passing through the origin and the center of the object plane. The direction from the object surface to the first surface R1 is positive
Y axis: A straight line that passes through the origin and forms 90 ° counterclockwise with respect to the Z axis in the tilt plane (in the paper of Fig. 17)
X axis: Straight line passing through the origin and perpendicular to each of the Z and Y axes (straight line perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. 17)
In addition, in order to represent the surface shape of the i-th surface constituting the optical system, a local coordinate system having the origin at the point where the reference axis and the i-th surface intersect is used rather than describing the shape of the surface in the absolute coordinate system. Since setting and expressing the surface shape of the surface in the local coordinate system is easier to understand for recognizing the shape, the surface shape of the i-th surface is expressed in the local coordinate system.

  Further, the tilt angle of the i-th surface in the YZ plane is represented by an angle θi (unit: °) with the counterclockwise direction being positive with respect to the Z axis of the absolute coordinate system. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the origin of the local coordinates of each surface is on the YZ plane in FIG. There is no surface eccentricity in the XZ and XY planes. Furthermore, the y and z axes of the local coordinates (x, y, z) of the i-th surface are inclined by the angle θi in the YZ plane with respect to the absolute coordinate system (X, Y, Z). Set as follows.

z axis: A straight line that passes through the origin of local coordinates and forms an angle θi counterclockwise in the YZ plane with respect to the Z direction of the absolute coordinate system
y axis: A straight line that passes through the origin of local coordinates and forms 90 ° counterclockwise in the YZ plane with respect to the z direction.
x axis: A straight line that passes through the origin of the local coordinates and is perpendicular to the YZ plane. Di is a scalar quantity that represents the distance between the origins of the local coordinates of the i-th and (i + 1) -th planes, and Ndi and νdi are the first The refractive index and Abbe number of the medium between the i-plane and the (i + 1) -th plane.

  Here, the spherical surface is a shape represented by the following formula:

The optical system of the present invention has at least one rotationally asymmetric aspheric surface, and the shape thereof is represented by the following formula:
z = C02y ² + C20x ² + C03y ³ + C21x ² y + C04y ⁴ + C22x ² y ² + C40x ⁴
+ C05y ⁵ + C23x ² y ³ + C41x ⁴ y + C06y ⁶ + C24x ² y ⁴ + C42x ⁴ y ² + C60x ⁶
Since the curved surface formula is only an even-order term with respect to x, the curved surface defined by the curved surface formula is a plane-symmetric shape with the yz plane as a symmetric plane. Furthermore, when the following conditions are satisfied, the shape is symmetric with respect to the xz plane.
C03 = C21 = t = 0
further
C02 = C20 C04 = C40 = C22 / 2 C06 = C60 = C24 / 3 = C42 / 3
Represents a rotationally symmetric shape. When the above conditions are not satisfied, the shape is non-rotationally symmetric.

  Next, each embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the essential portions of Embodiment 1 of a projection display apparatus using the projection optical system of the present invention.

  In FIG. 1, LV is a light valve (image display panel) using a reflective dot matrix liquid crystal or a digital micromirror device. L is an illumination system that illuminates the light valve LV with light. The illumination system L includes a lamp, a condenser lens, a filter for selecting a wavelength, and the like. Reference numeral 1 denotes a projection optical system that uses an off-axial system for guiding light modulated by the light valve LV to the screen S and forming an image on the screen S surface. FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the projection optical system 1, the light valve LV, and the illumination system L of FIG.

  The projection optical system of FIG. 2 has a plurality of rotationally asymmetric reflective surfaces having a curvature, and the light beam from the image display panel is repeatedly reflected on the rotationally asymmetric reflective surfaces and projected onto the screen, and a reflection that forms a real image on the surface. Although the case where it consists of an optical system is shown, you may comprise a projection optical system so that it may have a lens system and another reflective optical system in addition to the reflective optical system shown in FIG.

  1 and 2, the reflecting optical system 1 is composed of six reflecting surfaces of an aperture SS, a concave mirror R1, a convex mirror R2, a concave mirror R3, a convex reflective surface R4, a convex mirror R5, and a concave mirror R6 in the order of passage of light from the light valve LV. It is configured. All reflecting surfaces are symmetrical with respect to the YZ plane only. Here, an image based on the light valve LV is intermediately formed between the convex mirror R5 and the concave mirror R6, and the stop SS is imaged at a position SSa near the concave mirror R6. That is, the pupil is imaged near the concave mirror R6. This position SSa becomes the pupil on the screen S side. Here, the aperture SS is once formed as a real image by the optical system on the screen S side, and the imaging magnification at this time is a negative magnification. As described above, in this embodiment, the image of the stop SS is imaged at a negative magnification by the optical system (reflecting surfaces R1 to R6) on the screen S side from the stop position. Is made small, and each optical element such as a reflecting surface and the entire optical system are made compact.

In this embodiment, the size of the light valve LV is 10.8 × 19.2 mm, and the size of the screen S is 60 inches (747 × 1328 mm) with an aspect ratio of 9:16. The normal line Sa of the screen S is inclined 42 degrees with respect to the reference axis A. Hereinafter, configuration data of the reflective optical system used in this embodiment will be shown. In the configuration data, each surface from the stop S surface to the image surface (screen surface) is numbered in order.

Diaphragm diameter 9.00

i Yi Zi θi Di Ndi νdi
1 0.00 0.00 0.00 32.26 1 Aperture
2 0.00 32.26 17.67 45.33 1 Reflecting surface
3 -26.22 -4.71 8.29 46.47 1 Reflecting surface
4 -41.18 39.28 17.39 45.51 1 Reflecting surface
5 -77.79 12.25 14.50 59.90 1 Reflecting surface
6 -102.68 66.73 -2.06 102.23 1 Reflecting surface
7 -138.37 -29.06 -4.71 980.17 1 Reflecting surface
8 -635.29 836.51 12.14 1 Image plane

Aspherical shape

R1 side C02 = -4.49687e-03 C20 = -4.86771e-03
C03 = 5.69210e-06 C21 = 1.24178e-05
C04 = -1.51960e-07 C22 = -2.54883e-07 C40 = -1.42672e-07
C05 = -2.46793e-10 C23 = -4.09563e-09 C41 = -1.82622e-09
C06 = -6.21629e-11 C24 = -1.54069e-10 C42 = -2.02039e-10
C60 = -7.59135e-12

R2 side C02 = -3.53809e-03 C20 = -3.25444e-03
C03 = 4.17013e-05 C21 = 1.32567e-04
C04 = -9.98623e-07 C22 = -1.51987e-06 C40 = -4.45744e-07
C05 = 1.30709e-08 C23 = -9.55779e-09 C41 = -1.73083e-08
C06 = -5.65529e-10 C24 = -6.97342e-11 C42 = -4.30573e-10
C60 = -2.13646e-11

R3 surface C02 = -1.30032e-03 C20 = -2.56607e-04
C03 = 4.43561e-06 C21 = 1.32174e-04
C04 = -2.62553e-08 C22 = 1.00960e-06 C40 = 7.68176e-07
C05 = 1.74031e-09 C23 = 8.37695e-09 C41 = 1.20650e-08
C06 = -1.36927e-11 C24 = 1.74384e-10 C42 = 2.96519e-10
C60 = 6.13742e-11

R4 surface C02 = -1.66701e-03 C20 = -3.65447e-03
C03 = 2.01207e-05 C21 = 2.02910e-04
C04 = 4.13482e-07 C22 = -1.01346e-06 C40 = 5.37830e-07
C05 = 1.69426e-10 C23 = 2.13758e-08 C41 = 2.22534e-09
C06 = -1.10132e-10 C24 = -4.19386e-10 C42 = -3.64616e-10
C60 = -2.17667e-10

R5 surface C02 = -3.70314e-04 C20 = -2.44681e-03
C03 = 1.34521e-06 C21 = 3.26044e-05
C04 = 3.10235e-07 C22 = 1.40380e-08 C40 = -7.66155e-08
C05 = 1.21219e-09 C23 = 1.33276e-08 C41 = 2.02925e-09
C06 = -7.87877e-11 C24 = 1.31044e-10 C42 = 5.22698e-11
C60 = -1.13702e-11

R6 surface C02 = 3.77979e-03 C20 = 5.98505e-03
C03 = -1.57953e-05 C21 = -3.81115e-05
C04 = 9.47079e-08 C22 = 1.91802e-07 C40 = -2.34207e-07
C05 = 5.93045e-10 C23 = 1.52327e-09 C41 = 4.88138e-09
C06 = -1.73838e-11 C24 = -7.00697e-12 C42 = -5.86393e-11
C60 = 1.15306e-11

Next, the optical action in the optical system of this embodiment will be described. The light generated from the light source LP of the illumination system L passes through a condenser lens, a color filter (not shown), and illuminates the light valve LV. The light is guided and an image based on the light valve LV is displayed.

  FIG. 4 shows an evaluation position for evaluating the defocus characteristic on the screen S and the peripheral light amount. FIG. 3 shows a distortion state of the projection optical system 1 of the present embodiment. FIG. 5 shows the defocus characteristics at image positions a, i, c, d, and o on the screen S.

  As can be seen from FIG. 3, the projection optical system 1 of the present embodiment has no large distortion and few asymmetric distortions.

  Each graph showing the defocus characteristic in FIG. 5 shows an MTF with a frequency of 1 line / mm in the range of −25 cm to 25 cm from the screen on the reference axis.

  A solid line represents a contrast value in the y direction at local coordinates on the screen, and a broken line represents a contrast value in the x direction at local coordinates on the screen. From this figure, it can be seen that at each image position, the MTF has a peak on the screen, that is, the screen is in focus. In addition, a contrast value of approximately 50% is secured at each image position.

  Further, the light quantity ratio at the image positions of the diagonal positions O, K, D, K, and K on the screen shown in FIG. 4 is as follows (the light quantity at position D is set to 100).

Position O = 94.8, Position Key = 95.3, Position D = 100, Position Key = 94.2, Position Key = 91.8
Thus, there is almost no difference in the light amount distribution.

  In the reflective optical system used in the present embodiment, focal lengths f1 (0) and f1 (90) at azimuth 0 ° and 90 ° developed around the reference axis and the principal point position H1 (0) on the light valve LV side. ), H1 (90) is calculated as follows. However, azimuth 0 degree is azimuth including image positions i, d and quasi in FIG. 4, and azimuth 90 degrees is azimuth including image positions c and d in FIG. The principal point position is based on the concave mirror R1, and the light traveling direction is positive.

f1 (0) = − 17.83, f1 (90) = − 13.7, H1 (0) = − 132.72, H1 (90) = − 128.764
Therefore, the value according to the above formulas (1) and (2) is
｜ (H (90) −H (0)) / H (0) | = 0.03 <0.2 (1)
| 1−cos (42 °) ・ f (0) / f (90) | = 0.03 <0.2 (2)
(Here 42 degrees is the angle between the normal Sa of the screen S and the reference axis A).

In this embodiment, since the light valve LV is not shifted or tilted with respect to the reference axis A, the azimuth dependency is small when the reflective optical system 1 is viewed from the light valve LV. It is desirable to have less azimuth dependency. In this embodiment, it can be said that the azimuth dependency of the principal point position is small as understood from the value of the expression (1). If the value of the expression (1) is large, many asymmetrical aberrations are generated, which is not preferable in terms of aberration correction. FIG. 13 shows the screen portion in the state of FIG. In FIG. 13, A is a reference axis, S is an inclined screen, S ′ is a plane perpendicular to the reference axis A, and the screen S and the surface S ′ are inclined by an angle θ. Originally, an image plane of the light valve LV enlarged and projected by the reflection optical system 1 is formed on the surface S ′. As disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 09-5650, when the evaluation surface is developed around the reference axis A and the evaluation surface is evaluated by a plane S ′ perpendicular to the reference axis, the paraxial amounts are azimuth ξ and azimuth ξ + 180 °. Shows the same value. Therefore, the paraxial amount expressed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 09-5650 does not cause the inclination of the image plane. In other words, the same kind of aberration as that of the field curvature can be interpreted in detail as the image surface is tilted because an aberration occurs in which the focus position shifts away from the intersection of the screen S and the surface S ′. When interpreted in this way, the magnification βy ′ in the y direction on the evaluation surface S ′ can be considered as a projection of the magnification βy on the screen S. In order to maintain the aspect ratio on the screen S, It is necessary to satisfy the relationship.
βy = βy ′ / cos θ = βx (see FIG. 14)
therefore

  Here, SS ′ (0) and SS ′ (90) are distances from the principal point position on the screen S side of the reflective optical system to the screen S at azimuth 0 ° and 90 °. In the above equation, since SS ′ (0) = 1034 and SS ′ (90) = 991 in the present embodiment, SS ′ (0) ≈SS ′ (90), SS ′ (0) >> f (0), Approximated as SS '(90) >> f (90). That is, the condition that the aspect ratio is maintained is that Expression (2) is small. When the value of the expression (2) is larger than 0.2, distortion increases and aberration correction becomes difficult. In addition, when the iris is placed on the pupil SSa on the screen side, the optical path length passing through the upper part of the screen is different from the optical path length passing through the lower part of the screen. It is not preferable.

  In the present embodiment, at least one of the above-described expressions (1) and (2) is satisfied.

  In the present embodiment, a diaphragm is provided between the display panel (light valve) LV and the reflection optical system 1, but the present embodiment is not limited to this. In this embodiment, a rotationally asymmetric reflecting surface is used as a surface reflecting surface, but transparent as disclosed in JP-A-8-292372, JP-A-9-222561, JP-A-9-258105, and the like. An optical block in which a rotationally asymmetric reflecting surface is formed on the surface of the body may be used. Further, a plurality of rotationally asymmetric surface reflecting surfaces may be molded integrally. In the present embodiment, six rotationally asymmetric reflecting surfaces are used, but the number of reflecting surfaces is not limited to six and may be any number. However, it is desirable that there are at least three or more in terms of aberration correction. In addition, the rotationally asymmetric reflection surface has a symmetrical shape with respect to a certain plane, but is not limited thereto.

  FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the essential portions of Embodiment 2 of the projection display apparatus of the present invention. In FIG. 6, LL is an illumination system for illuminating the light valve LV1. Reference numeral 2 denotes a reflection optical system using an off-axial system for projecting light modulated by the light valve LV1 onto the screen S. FIG. 7 is a detailed view of the reflective optical system 2 and the illumination system LL of FIG. 6 and 7, LV1 is a light valve made of transmissive dot matrix liquid crystal or the like, M (M1 to M5) is a plane mirror or dichroic mirror, L2 is a light source, and P is a dichroic prism. SS is the aperture.

  6 and 7, the reflecting optical system 2 is composed of six reflecting surfaces of a concave mirror R1, a convex mirror R2, a stop SS, a concave mirror R3, a convex reflecting surface R4, a convex mirror R5, and a concave mirror R6 in the order of passage of light rays from the dichroic prism P. It is configured. All reflecting surfaces are symmetrical with respect to the YZ plane only. Here, an image based on the light valve LV1 forms an intermediate image between the convex mirror R5 and the concave mirror R6, and the stop SS forms an image near the concave mirror R6. That is, the pupil is imaged near the concave mirror R6. In this way, by adopting a configuration in which the image of the aperture SS is imaged at a negative magnification by the optical system (R3 to R6) on the screen side from the aperture position, the effective beam diameter on each surface is kept small, and each optical element In addition, the entire optical system is made compact.

  Further, the concave mirror R1, the concave mirror R3, the convex mirror R5, the convex mirror R2, and the convex reflecting surface R4 are each integrally formed by molding or the like.

In this embodiment, the size of the light valve LV1 is 12.82 × 22.8 mm, and the size of the screen S is 60 inches (747 × 1328 mm) with an aspect ratio of 9:16. Further, the normal line Sa of the screen S is inclined by 42 degrees with respect to the reference axis A. Hereinafter, configuration data of the reflection optical system used in the present embodiment will be shown.

Aperture Oval shape Long axis 10mm Short axis 8mm
Object side NA0.14

i Yi Zi θi Di Ndi νdi
1 0.00 0.00 0.00 40.00 1.51633 0.00 Refractive surface
2 0.00 40.00 0.00 94.44 1 Refractive surface
3 0.00 134.44 24.10 62.00 1 Reflecting surface
4 -46.22 93.12 3.20 20.00 1 Reflecting surface
5 -59.55 108.03 -41.80 66.05 1 Aperture
6 -103.58 157.27 -5.43 65.00 1 Reflecting surface
7 -137.00 101.52 -1.54 60.95 1 Reflecting surface
8 -171.10 152.04 -4.02 112.93 1 Reflecting surface
9 -220.57 50.52 5.48 969.57 1 Reflecting surface
10 -466.94 969.57 26.99 1 Image plane

Aspherical shape

R1 surface C02 = -3.44101e-03 C20 = -4.58807e-03
C03 = 3.00440e-07 C21 = 2.78030e-06
C04 = -7.01756e-08 C22 = -1.74221e-07 C40 = -1.12497e-07
C05 = -1.27294e-10 C23 = 8.12098e-11 C41 = 3.12082e-10
C06 = -3.83615e-12 C24 = -1.10477e-11 C42 = -1.44544e-11
c60 = -7.14330e-12

R2 surface C02 = -1.77378e-03 C20 = -5.41577e-03
C03 = 5.41708e-06 C21 = 7.40562e-05
C04 = -1.76494e-07 C22 = -8.51854e-07 C40 = -3.39088e-07
C05 = 1.36936e-09 C23 = 1.39948e-08 C41 = 1.57616e-08
C06 = -1.31153e-11 C24 = -1.03951e-10 C42 = -3.22676e-10
c60 = 5.17060e-11

R3 surface C02 = -4.06842e-04 C20 = 4.21014e-04
C03 = -1.71357e-05 C21 = 5.33947e-05
C04 = 1.45062e-07 C22 = -1.23899e-07 C40 = 5.80084e-07
C05 = -5.71252e-10 C23 = 6.97038e-09 C41 = 1.25680e-08
C06 = 6.89521e-13 C24 = 3.16751e-12 C42 = 2.25270e-10
c60 = 8.97051e-11

R4 surface C02 = 1.20784e-03 C20 = 2.06883e-03
C03 = -1.40533e-05 C21 = 4.44511e-05
C04 = 1.42042e-07 C22 = -1.75304e-09 C40 = 1.84753e-07
C05 = 9.01218e-10 C23 = 1.46871e-09 C41 = 2.53895e-10
C06 = -4.31366e-12 C24 = -8.79849e-12 C42 = -1.82599e-12
c60 = -4.30585e-12

R5 surface C02 = 2.70769e-03 C20 = 1.00819e-03
C03 = 5.68901e-06 C21 = 3.16537e-05
C04 = 4.86535e-07 C22 = -9.16386e-08 C40 = 4.00354e-08
C05 = -1.21193e-09 C23 = -6.83278e-10 C41 = 1.45772e-09
C06 = 5.47807e-12 C24 = -1.36131e-10 C42 = -9.34573e-11
c60 = -7.03592e-13

R6 surface C02 = 3.62336e-03 C20 = 5.17427e-03
C03 = -1.38973e-05 C21 = -2.14069e-05
C04 = 1.47678e-07 C22 = 1.65634e-07 C40 = -4.61086e-08
C05 = -1.05417e-09 C23 = -7.54144e-10 C41 = 3.87584e-10
C06 = 5.56347e-12 C24 = 5.18352e-12 C42 = -1.00483e-12
c60 = 7.76995e-12

Next, the optical action in this embodiment will be described. Light generated from the light source L2 of the illumination system LL passes through a plurality of reflecting mirrors M and is divided into three primary colors of R (red), G (green), and B (blue). The R, G, and B color lights pass through the corresponding light valves LV1, are combined by the dichroic prism P, and are guided onto the screen S by the reflective optical system 2. An image (color image) based on the light valve LV1 is displayed on the screen by a reflection optical system. FIG. 8 shows the state of distortion of the projection optical system 2 of this embodiment, and FIG. 9 shows the defocus characteristics at the image positions a, i, c, d, and o on the screen S in FIG. As can be seen from FIG. 8, the projection optical system 2 of the present embodiment has no large distortion and few asymmetric distortions. The individual graphs showing the defocus characteristics in FIG. 9 show the MTF with a frequency of 1 line / mm in the range of −25 cm to 25 cm from the screen on the reference axis, and the solid line shows the contrast value in the y direction at local coordinates on the screen The broken line represents the contrast value in the x direction at local coordinates on the screen. From this figure, it can be seen that at each image position, the MTF has a peak on the screen, that is, the screen is in focus. In addition, a contrast value of approximately 50% is secured at each image position.

  Further, the light quantity ratio at the image positions of o, ki, d, k, and k on the diagonal line on the screen shown in FIG. 4 is as follows (the light quantity of d is 100).

Position O = 96.5, Position Key = 101.2, Position D = 100, Position Key = 102.9, Position Key = 105.5
Thus, there is almost no difference in the light amount distribution.

  In the reflecting optical system used in the present embodiment, focal lengths f1 (0) and f1 (90) at azimuth 0 ° and 90 ° developed around the reference axis and the principal point position H1 (0) on the light valve LV1 side. ), H1 (90) is calculated as follows. However, azimuth 0 degree is azimuth including image positions i, d and quasi in FIG. 4, and azimuth 90 degrees is azimuth including image positions c and d in FIG. The principal point position is based on the concave mirror R1, and the light traveling direction is positive.

f1 (0) =-19.81, f1 (90) =-15.25, H1 (0) =-140.15, H1 (90) =-135.79
Therefore, | (H (90) −H (0)) / H (0) | = 0.03 <0.2 (1)
| 1−cos (42 °) f (0) / f (90) | = 0.03 <0.2 (2)
(Here 42 degrees is the angle between the normal Sa of the screen S and the reference axis A).

  In this embodiment, since the light valve LV1 is not shifted or tilted with respect to the reference axis A, there is no azimuth dependency when the reflective optical system 2 is viewed from the light valve LV1, that is, the principal point position. It is desirable that there is no azimuth dependency. In this embodiment, it can be said that the azimuth dependency of the principal point position is small as understood from the value of the expression (1). If the value of the expression (1) is large, many asymmetrical aberrations are generated, which is not preferable in terms of aberration correction. In addition, since the expression (2) is small, the aspect ratio on the screen is maintained. When the value of the expression (2) is larger than 0.2, distortion increases and aberration correction becomes difficult. When the iris is placed on the pupil on the screen S side, the optical path length passing through the upper part of the screen is different from the optical path length passing through the lower part of the screen. come.

  In the present embodiment, the stop SS is provided between the rotationally asymmetric reflecting surface R2 and the rotationally asymmetric reflecting surface R3, but the present embodiment is not limited to this. In this embodiment, a rotationally asymmetric reflecting surface is used as a surface reflecting surface, but transparent as disclosed in JP-A-8-292372, JP-A-9-222561, JP-A-9-258105, and the like. An optical block in which a rotationally asymmetric reflecting surface is formed on the surface of the body may be used.

  Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the concave mirror R1, the concave mirror R3, the convex mirror R5, the convex mirror R2, and the convex reflecting surface R4 are each integrally formed by molding or the like, but are not limited thereto. In the present embodiment, six rotationally asymmetric reflecting surfaces are used, but the number of reflecting surfaces is not limited to six, and any number may be used. However, it is desirable that there are at least three or more in terms of aberration correction. In addition, the rotationally asymmetric reflection surface has a symmetrical shape with respect to a certain plane, but is not limited thereto.

  FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the essential portions of Embodiment 3 of the projection display apparatus of the present invention. This embodiment is different from the second embodiment in FIG. 6 in that the projection optical system is provided in a case K provided with a transmission screen S on the front surface and applied to a rear projection display device. The light beam from the reflection optical system 2 is folded by the plane mirror MM1 and the plane mirror MM2 and projected onto the transmission type screen S. By using a projection optical system that projects obliquely on the screen S in this way, the depth of the apparatus is reduced. In this case, the depth of the apparatus can be reduced as the angle between the reference axis and the screen increases.

  In this embodiment, the optical path is bent by two mirrors, the plane mirrors MM1 and MM2, but this embodiment is not limited to this, and two or more mirrors may be used.

  As described above, according to each embodiment of the present invention, in a projection type display device that performs oblique projection, it has three or more rotationally asymmetric reflective surfaces having a curvature, and a light flux from an image display panel is the plurality of rotationally asymmetrical surfaces. Using a reflective optical system that repeatedly reflects on the reflective surface and is projected onto the screen and connects the real image, and as a reflective optical system, a stop is provided between the rotationally asymmetric reflective surface and the reflective surface, or between the reflective optical system and the display panel, By constructing the image of the aperture to form an image with a negative magnification by the optical system on the screen side from the aperture position, it is possible to reduce the size of the device while ensuring the peripheral light quantity ratio and oblique projection with a high magnification ratio Can be obtained. Furthermore, according to the present embodiment, the image plane that is enlarged and projected on the screen surface is formed so as to be formed obliquely with respect to the reference axis, and the focal length, principal point position, etc. developed around the reference axis are set. By setting an appropriate value, the amount of light on the screen can be made almost uniform while performing oblique projection, and a good projection image can be obtained while suppressing distortion and mainly trapezoidal distortion.

1 is a configuration diagram of a projection display device using a projection optical system according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Configuration diagram of the reflection optical system 1, the illumination system L, and the light valve LV of the projection optical system of FIG. Explanatory drawing which shows the distortion of the projection optical system of Embodiment 1 of this invention. Explanatory drawing which shows the evaluation position on the screen which concerns on this invention Explanatory drawing which shows the defocus characteristic of the projection optical system of Embodiment 1 of this invention. Configuration diagram of a projection display device using the projection optical system of Embodiment 2 of the present invention Configuration diagram of the reflection optical system 2 and the illumination system of the projection optical system of Embodiment 2 of the present invention Explanatory drawing which shows the distortion of the projection optical system of Embodiment 2 of this invention. Explanatory drawing which shows the defocus characteristic of the projection optical system of Embodiment 2 of this invention. Explanatory drawing which shows the projection type display apparatus of Embodiment 3 of this invention. Conceptual diagram of conventional shift optical system Conceptual diagram of a conventional obliquely projected optical system Explanatory diagram showing the relationship of magnification when obliquely projected Explanatory diagram showing the relationship of magnification when obliquely projected Explanatory drawing showing a conventional oblique projection optical system Explanatory drawing showing a conventional oblique projection optical system Explanatory drawing of the coordinate system of the reflective optical system in the present invention

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 2 ... Reflection optical system L, L2 ... Illumination optical system LV, LV1 ... Light valve LL ... Light valve, illumination system R1-R6 ... Rotation-asymmetric reflection surface S ... Screen
SS ... Aperture S '... Plane perpendicular to the reference axis M ... Mirror and dichroic mirror M1, M2 ... Folding mirror P ... Dichroic prism A ... Reference axis K ... Storing Case βx, βy, βy '・ ・ ・ Magnification
Ri, Rm, n surface
Bi-th optical element
Di Surface spacing along the reference axis
Ndi Refractive index νdi Abbe number

Claims (10)

In a projection optical system for guiding light flux from an image display panel onto a projection surface inclined with respect to a reference axis and forming image information on the projection surface,
The projection optical system includes a plurality of rotationally asymmetric reflective surfaces having a curvature, and reflects the light beam from the image display panel by the plurality of rotationally asymmetric reflective surfaces and guides the light onto the projection surface. Have
A diaphragm is provided between the rotationally asymmetric reflective surfaces of the reflective optical system or between the reflective optical system and the image display panel;
The diaphragm is imaged at a negative magnification by an optical member arranged on the projection surface side from the diaphragm position,
The projection optical system according to claim 1, wherein an imaging position of the diaphragm is between the reflection surface closest to the projection surface and the projection surface among the plurality of rotationally asymmetric reflection surfaces. 2. The projection optical system according to claim 1, wherein among the plurality of reflection surfaces, the reflection surface having a refracting power on which light that has passed through the aperture first enters has a positive refractive power. 3. The projection optical system according to claim 1, wherein all of the plurality of reflecting surfaces are aspheric reflecting surfaces having a refractive power. The said projection optical system is used when the said image display panel and the said to-be-projected surface are arrange | positioned in the non-parallel state, The any one of Claim 1 thru | or 3 characterized by the above-mentioned. Projection optical system. The reflection optical system connects an image based on the image display panel between a reflection surface closest to the projection surface and a reflection surface second closest to the projection surface among the plurality of rotationally asymmetric reflection surfaces. The projection optical system according to claim 1, wherein the projection optical system is an image. The reflective optical system forms a plurality of rotationally asymmetric reflective surfaces having two refracting surfaces and a curvature on a surface of a transparent body, and a light beam from the image display panel enters the transparent body from one refracting surface. 6. The projection optical system according to claim 1, further comprising at least one optical block configured to be reflected by the plurality of rotationally asymmetric reflecting surfaces and exit from another refracting surface. . The principal point position in the azimuth ξ degree on the image display panel side when the reflection optical system is developed around a center line connecting the center of the image display panel and the center of image information on the projection surface is represented by H (ξ ), And azimuth representing a plane including the center line and the normal line of the projection surface is α, | (H (α + 90 °) −H (α)) / H (α) | <0.2
The projection optical system according to claim 1, wherein the following condition is satisfied. When the angle formed by the center line connecting the center of the image display panel and the center of the image information on the projection surface and the normal line of the projection surface is θ, and the reflection optical system is deployed around the center line | 1-cos θf (α) / f (α + 90 °) |, where f (ξ) is the focal length at azimuth ξ, and α is the azimuth representing the plane including the center line and the normal of the projected surface. <0.2
The projection optical system according to claim 1, wherein the following condition is satisfied. A light beam based on the image display panel is guided onto the projection surface using the projection optical system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and the image information is formed on the projection surface. A projection type display device characterized. A light beam based on the image display panel from the projection optical system is guided to a transmissive projection surface via one or a plurality of plane mirrors, and the image information is transmitted to the projection surface of the transmissive projection surface. The projection display device according to claim 9, wherein the projection type display device is formed.