JP2006336745A - Electromagnetic clutch/brake - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an electromagnetic clutch/brake having an increased applicable range by greatly reducing power consumption. <P>SOLUTION: The electromagnetic clutch/brake 10 comprises an exciting coil 22 and a yoke 24. Herein, a shell 20 is mounted on a flange 30 slidably in the axial direction with a bolt and a spring 50 is mounted between the shell 20 and the flange 30. The engagement/separation of an armature 40 generates/decays torque. On the face of the yoke 24 opposed to the flange 30, a permanent magnet 60 is mounted which has predetermined field strength. A combined magnetic flux F1 of the magnetic flux of an exciting current to the exciting coil 22 and the permanent magnet 60 is used for engagement/separation between the shell 20 and the armature 40. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an electromagnetic clutch / brake, and more particularly to an improvement of an electromagnetic clutch / brake that greatly reduces power consumption.

First, a conventional electromagnetic clutch / brake will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 6 is a partially cut cross-sectional view showing an example of a conventional electromagnetic clutch disclosed in Patent Document 1. As shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 6, as an example of a conventional electromagnetic clutch 100, an annular shell 110 having an exciting coil 112 and a U-shaped yoke 114, a disc-shaped plate 120, a leaf spring 130, a spline coupling portion 140, And what has the clutch coil spring 150 as a main structure is shown in figure.
In the figure, 80 is an input shaft and 90 is an output shaft.

  In the above configuration, in the conventional electromagnetic clutch 100, when the exciting coil 112 is energized, the magnetic flux circuit of the magnetic flux F flowing through the annular shell 110, which is an armature, and the disc-shaped plate 120, as shown in FIG. The formed annular shell 110 is attracted to the disk-shaped plate 120 by sliding the spline coupling portion 140 against the restoring force of the leaf spring 130.

  At this time, the clutch coil spring 150 is reduced in diameter, the input shaft 80 and the output shaft 90 are integrally connected, and the rotation of the input transmission mechanism is transmitted to the output shaft 90.

  On the other hand, when the energization to the exciting coil 112 is released, the magnetic flux circuit disappears, the engagement with the disk-shaped plate 120 is released by the restoring force of the leaf spring 130, and the rotation is not transmitted.

Moreover, the conventional non-excitation operation type electromagnetic brake of the structure of patent document 2 is demonstrated using FIG.
FIG. 7 is a longitudinal side view for explaining a conventional electromagnetic brake 200 and corresponds to FIG.
In the figure, 201 is a spline hub, 202 is a shaft retaining ring, 203 is a detent ring, 204 is a spring plate serving as a return spring, 205 is an armature ring, 206 is an armature, 207 is a fader. Thing.

  208 is a coil, 209 is a lead wire for supplying power to the coil 208, 210 is a flange, 211 is a mounting bolt, 212 is a magnet assembly comprising an inner pole 212a and an outer pole 212b, and 213 is a permanent magnet. It is.

  In a normal state (when no power is supplied), as shown by a broken line in FIG. 7, a magnetic flux is formed by the permanent magnet 213 on the armature 206, the inner pole 212a, and the outer pole 212b. The rotating portion is braked or held by being attracted to the facing 207 of the magnet assembly 212.

In this state, when the coil 208 is energized, a magnetic flux generated along with the energization of the coil 208 is generated as indicated by a solid line, and the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet 213 is canceled.
In this case, the magnetic attraction force changes, and the canceling point becomes a predetermined coil voltage that becomes the magnetic center axis. Therefore, it is difficult to release the brake at this one point. The brake is released by applying a spring force.

  Specifically, when the applied voltage of the coil 208 reaches or exceeds a predetermined coil voltage serving as the magnetic central axis, and the magnetic flux generated by this voltage exceeds a predetermined value, the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet 213 is canceled by the reverse magnetic flux generated by the coil. -The magnetic attractive force between the armature 206 and the magnet assembly 212 disappears, and the armature 206 is released by the spring force of the spring plate 204.

  The idea of Patent Document 2 is a non-excitation actuated electromagnetic brake 200 that increases the stability range of the brake and stabilizes the torque during brake braking (holding), and has an electromagnet portion in parallel with the permanent magnet 213. The non-excited operation type electromagnetic wave is provided with an armature 206 and a return spring 204 for returning the armature 206 in the axial direction. In the brake 200, a predetermined notch is formed in a portion facing the outer pole 212b with a magnetic gap between the inner pole 212a and the outer pole 212b constituting the magnetic circuit of the magnetic flux by the exciting coil 208. (See Patent Document 2 FIG. 1).

JP 9-32868 Japanese Utility Model 5-10833

  By the way, in the conventional electromagnetic clutch / brake, in order to engage the annular shell and the disc plate against the restoring force of the leaf spring, or to cancel the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet and release the brake. However, there is a problem that the current that can generate a magnetic force exceeding this force must be continuously supplied to the exciting coil, resulting in excessive power consumption and increased running cost.

  In addition, since power consumption is excessive, a power source capable of supplying the power is required, and there is a problem that applicable applications are limited.

  An object of the present invention is to provide an electromagnetic clutch / brake that solves the above-described conventional problems, greatly reduces power consumption, and expands the applicable range of application.

  In the electromagnetic clutch / brake of the present invention, a shell including an exciting coil and a yoke and attached to a flange by a bolt or the like so as to be slidable in the axial direction; In an electromagnetic clutch / brake in which a spring is attached between flanges and torque is generated and extinguished by engagement and separation of an armature, a permanent magnet having a predetermined magnetic field strength is provided on a surface of the yoke facing the flange. It is configured to operate the engagement and separation between the shell and the armature by the combined magnetic flux of the magnetic flux generated by the exciting current to the exciting coil and the permanent magnet.

Since the electromagnetic clutch / brake of the present invention is configured as described above, it has the following excellent effects.
(1) According to the first aspect of the present invention, it is only necessary to energize the exciting coil only when controlling the contact and separation between the shell and the armature, so that the power consumption can be greatly reduced.
(2) Since a large-capacity power supply is not required, it is possible to provide an electromagnetic clutch / brake with an expanded application range.

In the electromagnetic clutch / brake of the present invention, an embodiment in the case of a clutch will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 1 is a partially cut cross-sectional view showing the main configuration of an electromagnetic clutch according to the present invention.
2 to 5 are partially cut cross-sectional views for explaining the basic operation of the electromagnetic clutch of the present invention.

First, the principal part structure of the electromagnetic clutch 10 of this invention is demonstrated using FIG.
Since the other configuration of the electromagnetic clutch 10 of the present invention is the same as that of the conventional one, only the main part is shown in FIGS.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the electromagnetic clutch 10 of the present invention includes a shell 20 having an exciting coil 22 and a yoke 24, a flange 30, and an armature 40 attached to a release spring 42. The spring 50 is configured so that the shell 20 can slide in the axial direction.

  Further, the electromagnetic clutch 10 of the present invention has a structural feature in that a permanent magnet 60 having a predetermined strength is attached to the back surface of the shell 20 facing the flange 30 of the yoke 24.

In the above configuration, the basic operation of the electromagnetic clutch 10 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
First, in a state where no current flows through the exciting coil 22, the magnetic flux F <b> 1 of the permanent magnet 60 flows as shown in FIG. 1, and the armature 40 is attracted to the shell 20 against the releasing force of the leaf spring 42. .

  When a current is passed through the exciting coil 22 in this state, the magnetic flux density of the entire yoke 24 is increased, the back surface of the shell 20 is magnetically saturated, and a leakage magnetic flux F2 as shown in FIG. Is attracted to the shell 20 against the biasing force of the spring 50.

  When the flange 30 is attracted, as shown in FIG. 3, the magnetic flux F3 flows through a short bypass circuit, so that the magnetic flux F1 flowing from the yoke 24 to the armature 40 decreases.

As a result, the releasing force by the release spring 42 becomes larger than the attractive force of the shell 20, and the armature 40 moves away from the shell 20 as shown in FIG. 4.
In this state, when a current is supplied to the exciting coil 22 again, a magnetic flux F4 as shown in FIG. 5 flows, the magnetic flux flowing through the flange 30 is canceled, and the flange 30 is separated from the shell 20.

  When the flange 30 is separated from the shell 20, the magnetic flux generated by the exciting coil 22 and the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet are in the same direction, and the armature 40 is attracted to the shell 20.

Therefore, in the electromagnetic clutch 10 according to the present invention, the energizing coil 22 is energized only when the armature 40 is separated from the shell 20 and when the armature 40 is attracted. Electric power can be reduced.
In addition, as a result of reducing power consumption, application applications can be expanded.

  In the present invention, the magnetic field strength of the permanent magnet 60 needs to have a predetermined strength that resists the urging force of the release spring 42 and the spring 50.

  In the above embodiment, the electromagnetic clutch has been described as an example. However, even if this is applied to an electromagnetic brake, the basic configuration and the operating principle are the same, and of course included in the scope of the present invention. .

FIG. 3 is a partially cut cross-sectional view showing a main configuration of the electromagnetic clutch of the present invention. It is a partially cut cross-sectional view for explaining the basic operation of the electromagnetic clutch of the present invention. It is a partially cut cross-sectional view for explaining the basic operation of the electromagnetic clutch of the present invention. It is a partially cut cross-sectional view for explaining the basic operation of the electromagnetic clutch of the present invention. It is a partially cut cross-sectional view for explaining the basic operation of the electromagnetic clutch of the present invention. It is a partially cut sectional view showing an example of a conventional electromagnetic clutch. It is a partially cut sectional view showing an example of a conventional electromagnetic brake.

Explanation of symbols

10: Electromagnetic clutch / brake 20: Shell 22: Excitation coil 24: Yoke 30: Flange 40: Armature 50: Spring 60: Permanent magnets F1 to F4: Composite magnetic flux

Claims (1)

An excitation coil and a yoke are provided. A shell is attached to the flange with bolts and the like so as to be slidable in the axial direction. A spring is attached between the shell and the flange, and torque is generated by engaging and separating the armature. In an electromagnetic clutch / brake designed to disappear,
A permanent magnet having a predetermined magnetic field strength is attached to a surface of the yoke facing the flange, and the shell and the armature are engaged by a magnetic flux generated by an exciting current to the exciting coil and a combined magnetic flux of the permanent magnet. An electromagnetic clutch / brake characterized by operating the separation.

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