JP2006322463A - Fuel reforming device and fuel reforming method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fuel reforming device capable of reforming fuel by utilizing a fuel system of an existing engine effectively by a compact and simple configuration, emulsifying fuel speedily with high efficiency at super-atomization/high mixture density for preventing occurrence of separation of liquid fuel from water, and maintaining normal operation smoothly without causing inconvenience such as knocking. <P>SOLUTION: This fuel reforming device 1 is provided with a liquid fuel supply system for supplying liquid fuel 2 and a water supply system for supplying water 4 being the other liquid to generate emulsion fuel at super-atomization/high mixture density by giving high frequency vibration to mixture liquid formed by liquid fuel and water supplied from these systems. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a fuel reforming apparatus and a fuel reforming method in which another liquid such as water is dispersed and mixed in a liquid fuel such as light oil to obtain an emulsion fuel.

  For example, a diesel engine is applied in many fields for vehicles, ships, power generation, civil engineering, and the like, and is mainly driven by light oil as fuel. In recent years, it has been taken up as a social problem that unburned products such as Nox and PM (Particulate Matter) contained in the exhaust gas of this diesel engine, dust, etc. pollute the atmosphere and cause health damage to humans. For this reason, various technological developments have been promoted for the purpose of purifying exhaust gas from diesel engines. For example, a ceramic filter or special catalyst device can be attached to the tip of the exhaust pipe of the engine to reduce emissions of Nox and dust. It is done.

  By the way, in a diesel engine vehicle, especially a large truck, etc., since the exhaust amount is large, the exhaust gas discharged from the engine also becomes large, and these exhaust gas purification devices become large-sized devices. Also, since various chemical substances contained in the exhaust gas are collected by a fine filter or catalyst surface, clogging will occur as the travel distance becomes longer. It is necessary to remove the material.

  Therefore, recently, in order to cope with the increase in the size and work of such an exhaust gas purification device, technological development has been made to improve the fuel of the diesel engine itself so as to reduce dust and the like in the exhaust gas. As one of the technologies, water is dispersed and mixed in liquid fuel for diesel engines such as light oil, and the mixed liquid is emulsified by stirring with a screw type propeller, and this emulsion fuel is stored in a predetermined tank, The structure of supplying from the tank to the fuel injection pump has been proposed. That is, when such an emulsion fuel is applied, moisture is evaporated during combustion to cause a small explosion, whereby complete combustion is promoted and generation of NOx and dust is suppressed.

  However, in the configuration to which such a screw type stirring means is applied, the equipment for emulsifying the fuel becomes large and a long time is required for the treatment, and the produced emulsion fuel is also included in it. Since the contained water particles are as large as several tens of μm to 200 μm, there has been a phenomenon in which the original fuel and water are separated in a short time if left for a while.

  On the other hand, in a diesel engine to which emulsion fuel is applied, there is a problem in that knocking is likely to occur particularly when the engine is started or stopped, or when a sudden load occurs due to ignition delay due to moisture mixing. On the other hand, conventionally, as a method for dispersing and mixing water in liquid fuel, there has been proposed a device such as supplying water or emulsion fuel later than liquid fuel at the stage of fuel injection into the combustion chamber. (For example, refer to Patent Documents 1 and 2).

However, fuel concentration adjustment at the fuel injection stage requires very precise control, and the configuration of the fuel supply system becomes complicated, greatly increasing the existing diesel engine configuration that uses only liquid fuel such as light oil. There are difficulties such as having to change.
JP-A-10-169523 JP 2000-356169 A

  As described above, the conventional technique of mixing an insoluble liquid such as water with a liquid fuel such as light oil to make an emulsion fuel requires a large-scale equipment configuration because it employs a screw type stirring means, and the emulsion. There are various problems in actual use in diesel engines, such as that it takes a long time to make the fuel and further the fuel after emulsification separates within a short time. In addition, in order to prevent knocking, the technology for adjusting the fuel concentration at the fuel injection stage requires precise control, and the configuration of the fuel supply system is complicated, and an existing diesel engine that uses only liquid fuel such as light oil is used. However, it is difficult to change the configuration of the fuel supply system.

  The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and can perform fuel reforming by effectively utilizing a fuel system of an existing engine with a small and simple configuration, and can quickly emulsify fuel. In addition, it can be performed with high efficiency, ultra-fine atomization and high mixing density that hardly causes separation of liquid fuel and water, and can maintain a steady operation smoothly without problems such as knocking. An object of the present invention is to provide a fuel reforming apparatus and a fuel reforming method.

  In order to achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fuel reformer for adding a liquid to another liquid to obtain a mixed material, wherein the mixed material is contained, and the container. A vibrating body provided in the at least one surface and arranged so as to be in contact with the mixed material over a certain range, and high-frequency vibration generation that is coupled to the vibrating body and vibrates at a high frequency in a direction perpendicular to the one surface. A high frequency generated by the vibrator on the mixed material provided between the apparatus and the face of the vibrator that is in contact with the mixed material with a narrow space therebetween. A reflector that generates a reflected wave of vibration, and the vibrator and the reflector are separated from the reflector by the high-frequency vibration of the vibrator provided from the high-frequency vibration generator. In the direction While the cavitation bubbles are generated in the mixed material by the pressure reducing action when moving, the cavitation bubbles are collapsed by the pressurizing action when the vibrating body moves in the direction toward the reflector, and a shock wave based on the collapse action There is provided a fuel reforming device characterized in that the cavitation bubbles are atomized with energy and the mixture material is super atomized by promoting diffusion between the mixture materials.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the fuel reformer according to the first aspect, wherein the high-frequency vibration region of the vibrating body by the high-frequency vibration generator is set to an ultrasonic region. .

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided the fuel reforming apparatus according to the first aspect, wherein the vibrating body causes the mixed material to continuously generate and collapse cavitation bubbles. provide.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the fuel reformer according to the first aspect, the vibration generator includes a piezoelectric ceramic vibrator, a vibrator made of a giant magnetostrictive material or a magnetostrictive material, and the vibrator. Provides a fuel reformer that has a structure that is integrated with the vibrator, or that is connected to the vibrator as a separate member from the vibrator.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the fuel reformer of the first aspect, at least surface portions of the vibrating body and the reflector that face each other are made of a high-hardness material that is not easily broken by cavitation bubbles. A fuel reformer is provided.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the fuel reforming apparatus according to the first aspect, wherein a distance between the vibrating body and the reflector is 10 mm or less.

  According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the fuel reformer according to the first aspect, the container has a mixed material inlet for introducing a mixed material between the vibrating body and the reflector, and the vibrating body and the reflector. And a liquid mixture discharge port for discharging a liquid mixture atomized by receiving a shock wave to the outside.

  According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fuel reforming method in which another liquid is added to a liquid fuel to obtain a mixed material, and the mixed material is divided into a vibrating body that vibrates at high frequency and a narrow space between the vibrating body. The mixed material, which is housed in a container having an opposing reflector and exists between the vibrator and the reflector, is vibrated by the high-frequency vibration of the vibrator provided from the high-frequency vibration generator. Cavitation bubbles are generated in the mixed material by a pressure reducing action when the body moves away from the reflector, while the cavitation bubbles are generated by a pressure action when the vibrating body moves in the direction toward the reflector. And pulverizing the cavitation bubbles with shock wave energy based on the collapse action, and promoting diffusion between the mixed materials, The compound to provide a fuel reforming method, which comprises ultra atomization.

  As described above in detail, according to the present invention, fuel reforming can be performed by effectively utilizing the fuel system of an existing engine with a small and simple configuration, and the emulsification of fuel can be performed quickly and efficiently. In addition, it is possible to carry out with ultrafine atomization and high mixing density in which separation between the liquid fuel and water hardly occurs, and a steady operation can be maintained smoothly without problems such as knocking. In addition, according to the present invention, the fuel normally burns when the engine is started and the like, and quickly becomes steady rotation, so that the generation of NOx, PM and the like can be reduced, the fuel consumption is small, and the exhaust gas is clean. Therefore, it is not necessary to use an exhaust filter during steady rotation, and maintenance and the like can be performed easily.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a basic configuration of a reformed fuel diesel engine to which a fuel reformer according to the present invention is applied. As shown in FIG. 1, a reformed fuel diesel engine 30 according to this embodiment contains a fuel tank 31 that contains liquid fuel 2 such as light oil as a liquid fuel supply system, and water 4 as a water supply system. And a water tank 32. The fuel reformer 1 is connected to the fuel tank 31 and the water tank 32 via the fuel supply pipe 3 and the water supply pipe 5. The fuel supply pipe 3 is provided with a fuel flow rate adjustment valve (V 1) 7, and the water supply pipe 3 is provided with a water flow rate adjustment valve (V 2) 9.

  An emulsion fuel supply pipe 33 as an emulsion fuel supply system is connected to the fuel reformer 1, and an emulsion fuel injection pump 36 is connected to the emulsion fuel supply pipe 33 via a flow rate adjusting valve (V3) 35. Yes. A diesel engine main body 38 is connected to the emulsion fuel injection pump 36 via a fuel injection pipe 37.

  The diesel engine main body 38 is provided with an exhaust pipe 50, and the distal end side of the exhaust pipe 50 is branched into two systems by branch pipes 51 and 52. One branch pipe 51 is provided with an exhaust filter 54 via an exhaust valve (V4) 53, and the other branch pipe 52 is provided with only an exhaust valve (V5) 55. The diesel engine main body 38 is cooled by the cooling fan 56.

  The fuel flow rate adjustment valve (V1) 7, the water flow rate adjustment valve (V2) 9, the flow rate adjustment valve (V3) 35, the exhaust valve (V4) 53, (V5) 55 described above are configured as automatic adjustment valves. The regulating valves (V1) 7, (V2) 9, (V3) 35, (V4) 53, (V5) 55 and the cooling fan 56 are controlled by the control device 60.

  FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing the diesel engine 30 in detail. As shown in FIG. 2, in the diesel engine 30, the base end sides of the fuel supply pipe 3 and the water supply pipe 5 are connected to the fuel tank 30 and the water tank 32, respectively. The tip ends of these fuel supply pipe 3 and water supply pipe 5 are connected to an emulsion fuel generation tank 10 via a fuel pump 6 and a water supply pump 8 so that fuel 2 and water 4 are continuously supplied. It has become.

  The emulsion fuel generation tank 10 includes a vibration plate 13 and a reflection plate 14 and forms a cavitation generating unit 15. The diaphragm 13 is vibrated at high frequency by the high frequency vibration generator 20, and cavitation processing is performed in the emulsion fuel generation tank 10. Then, the emulsion fuel 12 generated by the cavitation process is discharged and supplied to the secondary emulsion fuel supply pipe 33 which is a drain pipe of the emulsion fuel generation tank 10.

  An emulsion fuel injection pump 36 is connected to the emulsion fuel supply pipe 33 via a suction pump 34 and a flow rate adjustment valve (V3) 35. Two-cylinder cylinders 39a and 39b of a diesel engine main body 38 are connected to the emulsion fuel injection pump 36 via, for example, two fuel injection pipes 37a and 37b. Reference numeral 40 denotes an engine rotation shaft.

  In such a configuration, when the engine is operated, the fuel 2 and water 4 supplied to the emulsion fuel generation tank 10 are homogeneously stirred and mixed in the cavitation generating unit 15 to be generated as the emulsion fuel 12. The produced emulsion fuel 12 is sucked by the suction pump 34 and transferred to the emulsion fuel injection pump 36.

  The emulsion fuel 12 supplied to the emulsion fuel injection pump 36 is controlled in flow rate by a flow rate adjusting valve (V3) 35 provided in the emulsion fuel supply pipe 33 according to the load state of the diesel engine 33, and the emulsion fuel injection pump 36 is controlled. To be supplied. The emulsion fuel 12 supplied to the emulsion fuel injection pump 36 is supplied to cylinders 39a and 39b of the diesel engine main body 38 through emulsion fuel supply pipes 37a and 37b, and burns in these cylinders 39a and 39b to be used for work. Is done. The exhaust gas after combustion is exhausted from the exhaust pipe 50 to the outside.

  Further, the rotating shaft 43 of the generator 42 is connected to the rotating shaft 40 of the diesel engine 33 via the flange 41. A power converter 45 is connected to the generator 42 via a power transmission cable 44, and the generated power is converted into a normal voltage (100 v) by the power converter 45.

  The power converter 45 is connected to a control device 60 and a power device such as a high frequency power supply device 24 via a power cable 47, and a part of the power generated by the generator 42 is used as a vibration power source for the high frequency vibration generator 20. Applicable.

  With such a configuration, part of the generated power can be used as control power and operation power for emulsion fuel generation. Therefore, it is possible to operate the engine without requiring external power supply, and there is an advantage that the mobile body itself can be self-supplied with power when applied as a moving means such as a vehicle or a ship. Etc. are produced.

  FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram showing the fuel reformer 1 in detail. As shown in FIG. 3, the tip ends of the fuel supply pipe 3 and the water supply pipe 5 are arranged in the emulsion fuel generation tank 10 so as to approach each other.

  The emulsion fuel generation tank 10 is a container that can temporarily store a mixed solution 11 of the fuel 2 supplied from the fuel supply pipe 3 and the water 4 supplied from the water supply pipe 5. Water 4 is diffused and mixed therein to produce an ultrafine atomized and high mixing density emulsion fuel 12 from the liquid mixture 11.

  That is, the emulsion fuel generation tank 10 has a flat rectangular parallelepiped sealed tank structure arranged substantially horizontally (in FIG. 3, the upper tank wall for sealing is not shown), A horizontal plate-like diaphragm 13 as a vibrating body is disposed, and a horizontal reflecting plate 14 is disposed in a lower portion of the tank facing the lower surface of the diaphragm 13 so as to face the diaphragm 13. . Between the diaphragm 13 and the reflector 14, a space narrow in the vertical direction is formed as the cavitation generating portion 15, for example, a space having a vertical gap δ of 10 mm or less, specifically, a few mm. The front end openings of the fuel supply pipe 3 and the water supply pipe 5 face the lateral opening of the space serving as the cavitation generating section 15, and the mixed liquid 11 of the fuel 2 and water 4 is in the cavitation generating section 15. It is introduced from one side-facing opening 15a.

  Note that the funnel-shaped liquid absorbing member 16 is disposed laterally in the other lateral opening 15b of the cavitation generating part 15 with the wide-mouthed part facing the cavitation generating part 15, and the narrow side of the liquid absorbing member 16 is A drainage pipe 17 is connected to. The drainage pipe 17 extends vertically through an arbitrary wall of the emulsion generation tank 10, for example, the bottom wall 10 a, and supplies the emulsion fuel 12 to the emulsion fuel supply system via the suction pump 18. It has become.

  The diaphragm 13 and the reflecting plate 4 are formed of a material having a high hardness, for example, a hard material such as ceramics or cemented carbide, at least a part constituting the entire surface, or the impact at the time of occurrence of cavitation described later. It is designed to have a high strength that is sufficiently resistant to damage and is not destroyed. In addition, when only the facing part of the diaphragm 13 and the reflecting plate 4 is made to have high hardness, the surface of the base material such as various metals is constituted by subjecting the surface treatment by hard plating such as ceramics or super high alloy. be able to.

  The diaphragm 13 is connected to the high-frequency vibration generator 20 via, for example, a vertical connecting rod 19 extending upward, and is vibrated at high frequency in the vertical direction (arrow a direction) by the high-frequency vibration generator 20. It has become.

  The high frequency vibration generating device 20 is configured by housing a vibrator 22 made of, for example, a magnetostrictive material as a vibration source in a case 21 and arranging a high frequency coil 23 for driving the vibrator 22. The high frequency power is supplied from the high frequency power supply device 24 through the power cable 25. The high frequency power supply device 24 converts the frequency of power from the power source to generate a high frequency current. Accordingly, the high-frequency vibration region of the vibrator 22 and hence the vibrating body 13 is set to, for example, an ultrasonic region (20 KHz or more).

  Note that the vibrator 22 of the vibration generating device 20 can be formed of a piezoelectric element or a giant magnetostrictive material, and the vibrating body 13 and the vibrator 22 can be formed of an integral structure using the same material. The case 21 of the high-frequency generator 20 is fixedly attached to a support arm 26 via a mounting bolt 27, and the support arm 26 is fixed to a strong stationary portion 28.

  Next, an emulsion fuel generation method will be described. First, the fuel 2 passes through the fuel flow adjustment valve (V1) 7 by the fuel supply pump 6 of the fuel supply pipe 3, and the gap between the diaphragm 13 and the reflector 14 disposed in the emulsion fuel generation tank 10, That is, it is supplied to the cavitation generator 15. On the other hand, the water 4 is similarly supplied to the cavitation generating unit 15 in the emulsion fuel generation tank 10 via the water flow rate adjusting valve (V2) 9 by the water supply pump 2a of the water supply pipe 5. As a result, the liquid mixture of the fuel 2 and the water 4 fills the cavitation generating unit 15 and the emulsion fuel generation tank 10.

  In this case, the flow rates discharged from the fuel supply pump 6 and the water supply pump 8 are controlled according to the required amount of emulsion fuel generated. And the diaphragm 13 attached to the front-end | tip part of the high frequency vibration generator 20 is in the state by which the lower surface, for example, the whole is immersed in the liquid mixture 11 of the fuel 2 and the water 4 with which the emulsion fuel production | generation tank 10 was filled. Become.

  In this state, the diaphragm 13 vibrates at a high frequency, so that cavitation occurs in the liquid mixture 11 in the cavitation generating unit 15, and water 4 diffuses and mixes in the fuel 2 to be micronized, resulting in a high mixing density emulsion fuel 12. Is generated.

  FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing the generation mechanism of the emulsion fuel 12 described above. As schematically shown in FIG. 4, the mixed liquid 11 in the emulsion fuel generation tank 10 exists in a state where water 4 is mixed in the fuel 2 as fine lump water droplets 4 a. The same applies to the liquid mixture 11 introduced into the gap between the diaphragm 13 and the reflector 14.

  When the diaphragm 13 moves upward along the vibration direction a in this state, a field that instantaneously becomes negative pressure is formed in the gap between the diaphragm 13 and the reflecting plate 14, and the negative pressure causes the mixture 11 Bubbles, that is, cavitation bubbles 29 are generated. A large number of cavitation bubbles 29 are generated in the fuel 2, and also generated in the water droplets 4 a that are aggregated and dispersed and mixed in the fuel 2.

  When the diaphragm 13 moves downward at the next moment due to the high frequency vibration, a high pressure field is formed contrary to the above, and the cavitation bubble 29 is collapsed by the high pressure. When the cavitation bubble 29 collapses, a high-pressure shock wave (shock wave generated during bubble collapse: arrow c) is generated. This shock wave c acts as a breaking energy on the massive water droplet 4a. In particular, when the cavitation bubble 29 generated in the water droplet 4a is collapsed, outward breaking energy for rupturing the water droplet 4a is generated. Thereby, the water droplet 4a is divided into smaller lumps. The shock wave c is reflected between the vibration plate 13 and the reflection plate 14 to become a shock wave reflection wave (hereinafter simply referred to as “reflection wave”: arrow b), and again the fuel 2 and water 4 (water droplet 4a). It will act repeatedly as a shock wave.

  That is, when the diaphragm 13 is vibrated at a high frequency in the mixed liquid 11 of the fuel 2 and the water 4, formation and collapse of the fine cavitation bubbles 29 are repeated by the ultra-high speed reciprocation of the vibrating body 13. A large impact pressure is generated when the cavitation bubbles 29 collapse, and the generated impact pressure reaches several hundred MPa depending on conditions. The impact pressure reaching several hundred MPa can be clearly observed in the present embodiment in which high-frequency vibration is set in the ultrasonic region.

  Further, the shock wave c generated when the cavitation bubble 29 collapses in the cavitation generating unit 15 and the reflected wave b of the generated shock wave c also act on the fuel 2. That is, when the vibrating body 13 is vibrated in an ultrasonic region of 20 KHz or higher, molecular clusters in the fuel 2 that is a polymer liquid are reduced by vibration. Therefore, when the vibrating body 13 is ultrasonically vibrated, the polymer chain constituting the fuel 2 is physically cut by the synergistic effect of the impact pressure due to cavitation and the cluster decomposition action due to the ultrasonic vibration. Modification by molecularization is also performed.

  FIG. 5 is a measurement graph showing the analysis result of the fuel component subjected to the reforming action in the cavitation generating unit 15 when light oil is applied as the fuel 2. In FIG. 5, the horizontal axis represents the number of light oil molecules, and the vertical axis represents the molecular weight. In the case of the fuel before the cavitation treatment, the molecular weight on the polymer side is large and the molecular weight on the low molecule side is small as shown as the characteristic line A by the solid column graph.

  On the other hand, after the cavitation treatment, the molecular weight on the high molecular side tends to decrease and the molecular weight on the low molecular side tends to increase as shown by the characteristic line B in the columnar graph of the virtual line. This confirms that the molecular chain on the polymer side was broken by a shock wave, and the divided low molecules were measured as increments. As a result, not only the water 4 is added and stirred and mixed, but also the fuel 2 itself is promoted to be low-molecular by the cavitation shock wave c and the reflected wave b, and is changed to a component that is more combustible. Tells the story.

  Further, in the cavitation treatment, mixing and agitation action are further applied to the low molecular weight fuel 2 and the miniaturized water droplets 4a to promote diffusion and mixing. As a result, an ultrafine atomized and high mixing density emulsion fuel 12 is produced. By controlling the supply amounts of the fuel 2 and the water 4 to be constant, a high-quality emulsion fuel in which the fuel 2 and the water 4 are uniformly and finely mixed at a constant ratio is generated.

  As described above, in the present embodiment in which the vertical width of the cavitation generating unit 15 is set to a gap of several millimeters, the shock waves b and c generated by the collapse of the cavitation bubble 29 are held in a confined state without being diffused around. Therefore, a high-density shock wave field is formed and maintained. The water 4 is divided into fine molecules by shock waves and subdivided, and at the same time, by repeating mixing and stirring with the fuel 2, an emulsion fuel in which moisture is uniformly diffused and mixed is generated. Is. In addition, according to the experimental results, it was confirmed that even if the vertical gap value of the cavitation generating portion 15 was increased to 10 mm, the above-described effect could be obtained.

  The emulsion fuel 12 produced as described above does not easily return to its original state unless high energy of a certain level or more is applied. Accordingly, the state of the fine water droplets 4a and the low molecular weight fuel 2 is maintained for a long period of time, so that even when stored for a long period of time, separation of the fuel 2 and the water 4 hardly occurs. Even when supplying to the next process, such as supply to the combustor, it is possible to always supply and use the diesel engine 30 as a good quality emulsion fuel without causing problems such as quality deterioration.

  When the emulsion fuel 12 produced in this way is supplied to the diesel engine main body 38 and burned, the fuel is ultra-fine atomized and has a high mixing density, and the fuel 2 and water 4 are in a uniform ratio and are homogeneous. And because it is a finely mixed and high quality product, the combustion temperature is kept low, the water in the fuel becomes water vapor, and part of the water vapor separates, causing a small explosion phenomenon (micro explosion phenomenon), By expelling the fuel with explosive force, mixing with air is facilitated, and the combustion reaction is promoted, so that there is almost no unburned portion. For this reason, generation | occurrence | production of the unburned product conventionally produced | generated by unburning, the so-called PM black smoke dust, reduces significantly. Moreover, since the emulsion fuel 12 obtained by this embodiment can suppress the combustion temperature low, generation | occurrence | production of chemical substances, such as NOx harmful | toxic at the time of combustion, hardly arises. Therefore, generation of chemical substances such as soot such as black smoke and harmful NOx contained in the combustion exhaust gas can be greatly suppressed, and prevention of air pollution can be effectively promoted.

  Further, according to the present embodiment, the fuel can be efficiently emulsified with a small and simple configuration, and even if the produced emulsion fuel is stored for a long period of time, the fuel and other liquids can be mixed. Ultra-fine atomization and high-mix density emulsion fuel can be produced with almost no separation. Therefore, compared with the case where the conventional screw type stirring means is adopted, the configuration is simple and small, and a large-scale equipment configuration is not required, so that the actual use for the combustor can be facilitated.

  FIG. 6 shows the system configuration of the control device 60. The control device 60 includes a main control unit 61, a CPU 62, input / output interfaces 63 and 64, and a plurality of databases (DB1 to DB4) 65, 66, 67, and 68. The database (DB1) 65 is an emulsion fuel / rotation speed database, and the database (DB2) 66 is an emulsion fuel / output characteristic database. The database (DB3) 67 is an exhaust gas component / emulsion fuel concentration characteristic database, and the database (DB4) 68 is an output / rotation speed database.

  A plurality of instruments 1... N are connected to the main control unit 61. As these meters, there are a start / stop detection meter (meter 1) 71, a rotational speed detection meter (meter 2) 72, an engine output detection meter (meter 3) 73, and the like. The main control unit 61 receives the start / stop signal from the start / stop detection meter 71, the rotation number detection signal from the rotation number detection meter 72, and the engine output signal from the engine output detection meter 73. In 61, control calculation is performed based on information from the emulsion fuel / rotation speed database 65, the emulsion fuel / output characteristic database 66, the exhaust gas component / emulsion fuel concentration characteristic database 67, and the output / rotation speed database 68. As a result, each valve, that is, the fuel flow rate adjustment valve (V1) 7, the water flow rate adjustment valve (V2) 9, the flow rate adjustment valve (V3) 35, the exhaust valve (V4) 53, (V5) 55 is configured as an automatic adjustment valve. Then, control signals are output to these automatic adjustment valves (V1) 7, (V2) 9, (V3) 35, (V4) 53, (V5) 55 and the cooling fan 56, and engine control and the like are performed.

  In the present embodiment, as shown in the following procedure, only the liquid fuel from the gaseous fuel supply system is supplied when starting the engine. Further, after the engine is started, the water supply amount from the water supply system is gradually increased to shift to the emulsion fuel supply. Further, after the engine output reaches a normal value, an emulsion fuel having a constant water content is supplied according to the output.

  FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing an engine control procedure. As shown in FIG. 7, in the present embodiment, the fuel reformer 1 is stopped at the engine start preparation stage (S101). When the engine is started, the automatic adjustment valve (V3) 35 is opened (S102), and 100% liquid fuel is supplied (S103). At this time, the automatic adjustment valve (V4) 53 is opened, the automatic adjustment valve (V5) 55 is closed (S104), and the exhaust filter 54 is used at the start.

  In this state, the engine is started and operated (S105), and the engine rotation and load are measured (S106). Then, a determination is made as to whether or not the steady operation state has been reached (S107). If not reached, the automatic adjustment valve (V3) 35 is opened and closed based on the measured value, and the flow rate of the reformed fuel is adjusted. (S108).

  After the steady operation state is confirmed in this manner, the automatic adjustment valve 8 is sequentially opened while the opening of the automatic adjustment valve (V1) 7 is sequentially reduced (S109). Then, it is determined whether the operation output is normal from the measured values of engine rotation and load (S110). When the measured value is abnormal, the automatic adjustment valves (V1) 7, 9 are adjusted to open and close (S111), The reformed fuel ratio is adjusted.

  After it is confirmed that the operation output is normal, the automatic adjustment valves (V1) 7 and 8 are fixed at a predetermined opening degree (S112), and the operation is continued. At this time, the automatic adjustment valve (V4) 53 is closed, the automatic adjustment valve (V5) 55 is opened, and the exhaust filter 54 used at the start is not used (S113). That is, after confirming the steady operation state, the automatic adjustment valve (V2) 9 is sequentially opened while the opening degree of the automatic adjustment valve (V1) 7 is sequentially reduced, and when the operation output is confirmed to be normal, the automatic adjustment valve (V1). 7 and 9 are fixed at the determined opening, and the operation is continued (S114).

  As a result of proper engine operation by such control, according to the present embodiment, knocking at the time of starting or the like, which is a problem when using reformed fuel for the diesel engine 30, is effectively prevented. Can do. Moreover, normal combustion of the fuel can be performed at the time of starting the engine and the like, and not only can the steady rotation be quickly performed, but also the generation of NOx, PM, and the like can be effectively reduced. Furthermore, since the amount of fuel consumption is small and the exhaust gas of the reformed fuel is clean, there is an advantage that it is not necessary to use an exhaust filter during steady rotation. Since the exhaust gas filter 54 can be reduced in size as compared with the existing exhaust gas purifier and the exhaust filter 54 is used for a short time, it can be easily attached and detached with a cartridge type, and maintenance is facilitated.

  FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration example of the exhaust filter 54, and FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a filter element. As shown in these drawings, the exhaust filter 54 is a simple removable cartridge type filter. That is, the exhaust filter 54 is configured by detachably mounting a cylindrical filter element 71 in a filter casing 70 provided in a branch pipe 51 of the exhaust pipe. The filter element 71 is configured as a hollow fiber membrane filter, for example.

  With such a configuration, filter replacement or the like can be easily performed by an extremely simple operation.

  FIG. 10 is a configuration diagram showing a reformed fuel diesel engine according to another embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is different from the above embodiment in that the engine body 38 includes a cooling water circulation type water cooling system 72, and the cooling water that has reached a high temperature after cooling the engine in the water cooling system 72 is supplied from the cooling water tank 73 to the flow rate adjusting valve. This is applied to the water supply system to the fuel reformer 1 through 74. The flow rate adjusting valve 74 is controlled by the control device 60. Since other configurations are the same as those of the above-described embodiment, the same reference numerals as those in FIG.

  According to such a configuration, the water supplied to the fuel reformer 1 can be used effectively using the engine cooling water, and other water sources can be omitted, and the water temperature in the fuel reformer 1 is high. Therefore, the cavitation action is promoted, and fuel reforming is performed effectively.

  According to the above embodiment, knocking at the time of starting or the like, which is a problem when using the reformed fuel in the diesel engine, can be prevented, and by performing normal combustion of the fuel at the time of starting the engine or the like, Not only can steady rotation be achieved quickly, but also the generation of NOx and PM can be reduced. Further, the fuel consumption can be reduced, and the exhaust gas of the reformed fuel is clean, so that there are advantages such as no need to use an exhaust filter during steady rotation. Furthermore, it can be reduced in size as compared with the existing exhaust gas purifier, and further, since the exhaust filter usage time is short, a cartridge configuration that can be easily attached and detached with a cartridge type can be realized, and maintenance and the like can be easily performed.

The basic component which shows the diesel engine for reformed fuel to which one Embodiment of this invention was applied. The block diagram which shows the diesel engine for reformed fuel to which one Embodiment of this invention was applied. The block diagram which shows the fuel reformer in the said embodiment. Explanatory drawing of the effect | action of the fuel emulsification by the fuel reformer in the said embodiment. The measurement graph which shows the fuel reforming effect in the said embodiment. The function block diagram which shows the control apparatus for fuel control in the said embodiment. The flowchart which shows the procedure of the fuel control method in the said embodiment. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration example of an exhaust filter device applied to the present invention. The perspective view of the filter element shown in FIG. The block diagram which shows other embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Fuel reformer, 2 ... Fuel, 3 ... Fuel supply pipe, 4 ... Water, 4a ... Water droplet, 5 ... Water supply pipe, 6 ... Fuel supply pump, 7 ... Fuel flow control valve, 8 ... Water supply pump, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 9 ... Water flow control valve, 10 ... Emulsion fuel production tank, 11 ... Mixed liquid, 12 ... Emulsion fuel, 13 ... Vibration plate, 14 ... Reflection plate, 15 ... Cavitation generation part, 15a ... Opening part, 15b ... Other opening , 16 ... Liquid absorbing member, 17 ... Drain pipe, 18 ... Suction pump, 19 ... Connecting rod, 20 ... High frequency vibration generator, 21 ... Case, 22 ... Vibrator, 23 ... High frequency coil, 24 ... High frequency power supply Equipment 25 ... Power cable 26 ... Support arm 27 ... Mounting bolt 28 ... Standing part 29 ... Cavitation foam 30 ... Diesel engine 31 ... Fuel tank 32 ... Water tank 33 ... Emulsion fuel supply Pipe 34, Suction pump 35 ... Flow control valve 36 ... Emulsion fuel injection pump 37a, 37b ... Fuel injection piping 38 ... Diesel engine body 39a, 39b ... Cylinder 40 ... Engine rotating shaft 41 ... Flange , 42 ... generator, 43 ... rotating shaft, 44 ... power transmission cable, 45 ... power converter, 46 ... output terminal, 47 ... power cable, 50 ... exhaust pipe, 51, 52 ... branch pipe, 53 ... exhaust valve ( V4), 54 ... exhaust filter, 55 ... exhaust valve (V5), 56 ... cooling fan, 60 ... control device.

Claims (8)

A fuel reformer for adding a liquid to another liquid to form a mixed material, wherein the mixed material is contained in a container, and the container is provided in the container, and at least one surface of the mixed material covers a certain range. A vibrating body arranged in contact with the vibrating body, a high-frequency vibration generating device coupled to the vibrating body and causing the vibrating body to vibrate at a high frequency in a direction orthogonal to the one surface, and the mixed material of the vibrating body provided in the container A reflector that is disposed oppositely with a narrow space between and a surface in contact with the surface, and that generates a reflected wave of high-frequency vibration by the vibrator in the mixed material existing between the opposing surfaces, and the vibrator The reflector is a cavity formed in the mixed material by a pressure reducing action when the vibrator moves in a direction away from the reflector due to the high-frequency vibration of the vibrator provided from the high-frequency vibration generator. While generating turbulent bubbles, the cavitation bubbles are collapsed by a pressurizing action when the vibrating body moves in the direction toward the reflector, and the cavitation bubbles are atomized with shock wave energy based on the collapsing action. The fuel reforming apparatus is characterized in that the mixture material is made ultrafine by promoting diffusion between the mixture materials. 2. The fuel reformer according to claim 1, wherein a high frequency vibration region of the vibrating body by the high frequency vibration generator is set to an ultrasonic region. 2. The fuel reformer according to claim 1, wherein the vibrating body causes the mixed material to continuously generate and collapse cavitation bubbles. 2. The fuel reformer according to claim 1, wherein the vibration generator includes a piezoelectric ceramic vibrator, a vibrator made of a giant magnetostrictive material or a magnetostrictive material, and the vibrator is integrated with the vibrator. Or a fuel reformer configured to be connected to the vibrator as a separate member from the vibrator. 2. The fuel reformer according to claim 1, wherein at least surface portions of the vibrator and the reflector facing each other are made of a material having a high hardness that is not easily broken by cavitation bubbles. The fuel reformer according to claim 1, wherein a distance between the vibrating body and the reflector is 10 mm or less. 2. The fuel reformer according to claim 1, wherein the container receives a shock wave between the mixed material inlet for introducing the mixed material between the vibrating body and the reflector, and the vibrating body and the reflector. A fuel reformer having a liquid mixture discharge port for discharging the atomized liquid mixture to the outside. A fuel reforming method in which another liquid is added to a liquid fuel to obtain a mixed material, the container having a vibrating body that vibrates at a high frequency and a reflector facing the vibrating body with a narrow space therebetween The vibrating body is separated from the reflector by the high-frequency vibration of the vibrating body provided from the high-frequency vibration generating device, and the mixed material existing between the vibrating body and the reflector is contained in While the cavitation bubbles are generated in the mixed material by the pressure reducing action when moving in the direction, the cavitation bubbles are collapsed by the pressing action when the vibrating body moves in the direction toward the reflector side. Micronizing the liquid mixture by atomizing the cavitation bubbles with shock wave energy based on and promoting diffusion between the mixed materials Fuel reforming method according to claim.

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