JP2006316799A - Shaft alignment system and its method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a shaft alignment system for a reciprocating shaft having high shaft aligning accuracy and requiring less working man-hours and to provide its method. <P>SOLUTION: A shaft supporting member 3 in a laminated structure for supporting the shaft 2 via a spring 31 is positioned and held by a cylinder 61 as an original point setting means and an X-stage 62 as a shaft supporting member moving means and a Y-stage, not illustrated, and it is pressed and held into the state of being fixed with screwing by a pressing mechanism 4. Then, the shaft 2 is shifted and released from a balance position for free motion. The motion is detected by a position detecting sensor 71 and its output is analyzed by a vibration analyzer 72 to determine the contact or not of the shaft 2 with a shaft insertion portion 11. Depending on the determination result, the shaft supporting member 3 is re-located and the shaft 2 is positioned. Acoustic emission can be utilized for determining the contact or not. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a shaft in which the shaft can be adjusted among the techniques for positioning (shaft alignment) the shaft and the insertion hole in a non-contact position or a position having a small sliding resistance. A shaft that is supported by a support member in a suspended state by a spring and reciprocates in the length direction (hereinafter referred to as a “reciprocal shaft”, and simply abbreviated as “axis” if it can be omitted from the front-rear relationship). It is related with a shaft alignment technology.

First, the structure in the vicinity of the axis of a structure having a reciprocating axis that is the subject of the present invention will be described.
FIG. 11 shows a structure in the vicinity of the shaft 2 of a structure having a reciprocating shaft (shaft in FIG. 11) 2, (a) is an exploded perspective view, and (b) is a sectional view.
The reciprocating shaft 2 is supported by the shaft support member 3 in a suspended state by a spring 31 and is inserted into the shaft insertion portion 11 of the main body 1. When it is determined that the fitting state of the shaft insertion portion 11 and the shaft 2 is good, the fixing screw 5 is inserted into the through hole 32 of the shaft support member 3 and screwed into the screw hole 12 of the main body 1. The shaft support member 3 is fixed by uniform screw tightening (hereinafter, “fixing by screw tightening” is referred to as “screw fixing”).
As the spring 31, a leaf spring is most commonly used. As the shaft support member 3, a laminated structure in which the leaf spring and the spacer are laminated is often employed from the viewpoint of ease of processing and cost reduction. The shaft support member 3 in the case of FIG. 11 includes a pair of upper and lower leaf springs and two intermediate spacers, which are integrated by spot welding.

The most important thing when the shaft support member 3 is screwed to the main body 1 is that the shaft 2 can reciprocate in the shaft insertion portion 11 with as little frictional resistance as possible. That is, the part 11 is in a non-contact state. However, the orientation of the shaft 2 is not always kept constant during the reciprocating motion, so the positional relationship with the shaft insertion hole 11 cannot be specified from the outer shape, and FIG. When the reciprocating motion is set in this state, it is impossible to visually inspect whether or not the insertion portion is in contact with the outside. For this reason, in the prior art, whether or not the shaft insertion portion 11 and the shaft 2 are fitted is determined by a sensory inspection such as judging the vibration state of the shaft 2 by visual observation or listening to frictional sounds. Yes.
When it is determined that the fitting state is poor, the screw is loosened and the position of the shaft insertion portion 11 is adjusted, and then the screw is fixed again to determine whether the fitting is good or bad.

In the inspection that relies on the human sense as described above, it is difficult to discriminate a slight contact state or the like, and it cannot be automated.
When the shaft support member 3 is fixed to the main body 1 with the fixing screw 5, the shaft 2 may change from the state before tightening due to the tightening of the screw. FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of such a change in the shaft state. As shown in FIG. 12A, in the state before tightening, the shaft 2 is positioned vertically at the center in the shaft insertion portion 11. However, after the shaft support member 3 is fixed to the main body 1 with the fixing screw 5, the right side is greatly compressed from the left side by screw tightening as shown in FIG. Will tilt and the lower part of the shaft will be shifted to the left, and depending on the situation, it will be in contact. In this way, when the state of the shaft 2 is changed by screw fixing, even if the shaft 2 and the shaft insertion portion 11 are not in contact with each other without being screwed, they are brought into contact with the screw fixing. There is a problem that sometimes. This problem is not so much a problem when the shaft support member 3 is a rigid structure, but when the shaft support member 3 is a laminated structure, it is caused between the layers due to warpage, bending, flashing, etc. of each laminated member. This is noticeable because the existing gaps are crushed by tightening the screws. Further, in the state where there is a gap between layers, in order to perform screw tightening in a balanced manner, it is necessary to perform screw tightening in order and little by little, so that the time required for axial alignment is lengthened.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a reciprocating shaft centering system and a shaft centering method thereof that have high centering accuracy and low work man-hours.

When the reciprocating shaft leaves the shaft displacement releasing means, the shaft moves according to the positional relationship with the shaft insertion portion. If the shaft is in strong contact with the shaft insertion portion, the shaft does not move as it is. If the contact weakens, the shaft moves but does not vibrate, and starts to vibrate only after the contact is further weakened. However, the frequency is low and the damping is severe. The shaft oscillates at a natural frequency and damping rate, either in contact or non-contact with little friction. Further, when there is a contact portion, a specific sound (including ultrasonic waves) due to the material, shape, surface condition, and the like is emitted by the friction at that portion (acoustic emission). Therefore, if such information is grasped, the positional relationship between the reciprocating shaft and the shaft insertion portion can be grasped. In the present invention, such information obtained in a pressurized state close to the state in which the shaft insertion portion is fixed to the main body by screws is used for the alignment of the shaft.
According to the first aspect of the present invention, a shaft that is inserted into the shaft insertion portion of the main body and is supported in a suspended state by a spring on a shaft support member having a laminated structure that can be adjusted on the main body and reciprocating in the length direction is provided A shaft centering system that positions and fixes the main body and the shaft support member in a positional relationship in which the shaft and the shaft insertion portion do not come into contact with each other by adjusting the position of the shaft support member and screwing the shaft support member, the shaft support member being the main body For applying a pressure equal to the fastening force applied to the shaft support member when the screw is fixed to the shaft (hereinafter referred to as “screw tightening equivalent pressure”) to a position where there is no hindrance to screw fixing of the shaft support member. Pressurization means, shaft displacement release means for releasing the shaft after it has been displaced from the equilibrium position in the length direction, and detecting movements after the displacement or release of the shaft by this shaft displacement release means or a phenomenon associated with the movement Axis status detection A shaft state determining unit for determining whether or not the shaft is in contact with the shaft insertion portion based on a detection signal of the shaft state detecting unit, and a signal from the shaft state determining unit And a shaft moving means for moving the shaft support member.

Therefore, the shaft insertion part is pressurized to a state close to the state of being screw-fixed to the main body by the pressurizing means, and in that state, the shaft is moved by the shaft displacement releasing means, and the motion or the phenomenon accompanying the motion is in the axial state. Detected by the detecting means, the shaft state detecting means determines whether or not the shaft and the shaft insertion portion are in contact with each other based on the detected information. The shaft support member can be moved by the shaft moving means. When there is a region where there is no contact between the shaft insertion portion and the shaft insertion portion fixed to the main body by this series of operations or this repetition, the shaft can be positioned almost certainly in that region. it can.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, as the pressurizing means, a pressurizing means having a plurality of pressurizing pins disposed at each screw fixing position of the shaft support member and contacting the vicinity of the fixed position to pressurize the shaft support member. It has.

Since the pressure pins are arranged in the vicinity of the screw fixing positions of the shaft support member, a state close to the state in which the shaft support member is screwed to the main body is obtained by pressurization of the shaft support member by the pressing means. be able to.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, a pressure pin that is biased by a spring is provided as the pressure pin.
Since the spring can calculate the acting force from the amount of deformation, the pressure applied by the pressure pin to the shaft support member can be calculated for each pressure pin when the pressure pin biased by the spring is used.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a zero point adjusting mechanism for individually adjusting the tip position of the pressure pin.

By providing the zero point adjusting mechanism, it is possible to keep the variation in the applied pressure between the pressure pins within an allowable range.
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, each pressurizing pin includes an individual pressurizing unit for applying a pressurizing force and a pressurizing sensor for measuring the pressurizing force.
Since the individual pressurizing means and the pressurizing sensor are provided for each pressurizing pin, the variation in pressurizing force between the pressurizing pins can be kept within an allowable range.
According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the shaft state detection unit includes a position detection sensor that detects a position in the length direction of the shaft, and the output signal of the position detection sensor is used as the shaft state determination unit. A vibration analysis device for determining at least the frequency of vibration of the shaft motion or the vibration damping rate and determining the presence or absence of contact between the shaft and the shaft insertion portion.

Since it has a position detection sensor and a vibration analysis device, it is possible to determine whether the movement of the shaft is a vibration with a specific frequency and damping characteristics determined by the shaft and the spring supporting it. Become. Even if it is determined that the frequency is the same, if the damping is large, it is in a state where it is slightly touching or very close, so there is a possibility that a better state can be obtained by fine adjustment. high.
The invention of claim 7 is the invention of claim 1, comprising a magnetized shaft as the shaft, and measuring the induced electromotive force of the coil disposed on the inner wall surface of the shaft insertion portion as the shaft state detecting means. A vibration for determining the presence or absence of contact between the shaft and the shaft insertion portion by obtaining at least the vibration frequency or vibration damping rate of the shaft motion from the output signal of the electromotive force measuring device as the shaft state determination means. An analysis device is provided.

Since a coil, an electromotive force measuring device, and a vibration analysis device are provided for detecting the motion of the magnetized shaft, it is possible to determine whether or not there is contact between the shaft and the shaft insertion portion, as in the sixth aspect of the invention. it can.
The invention according to claim 8 is the invention according to claim 1, wherein the shaft state detecting means includes an acoustic emission detection sensor, and the shaft state determining means outputs an output signal from the acoustic emission detection sensor to the shaft and the shaft insertion portion. And a sound wave analysis device for determining whether or not the shaft and the shaft insertion portion are in contact with each other.
Since the acoustic emission detection sensor and the sound wave analysis device are provided, it is possible to detect / analyze the sound generated from the fitting portion during the movement of the shaft and determine whether or not the shaft is in contact with the shaft insertion portion.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the invention, there is provided an origin setting means for deciding the origin position of the shaft moving means by pressing the shaft against the wall surface of the shaft insertion portion.
The origin position becomes the movement base point of the shaft support member, and the position of the shaft support member can be clarified. Further, since the origin position determined by the origin setting means is a position where the shaft and the shaft insertion portion are in contact with each other, the feed direction of the shaft moving means during the shaft alignment operation can be limited to one direction.
The invention of claim 10 is the invention of claim 9, wherein the axis moving means includes a pair of stages of an X stage and a Y stage that are moved in two orthogonal directions, and the origin setting means is the X stage and the Y stage. A cylinder is provided at a position of 135 degrees from each of the stages and pushes the shaft support member toward both stages.
Since the cylinder as the origin setting means is arranged at a position of 135 ° from each of the X stage and the Y stage and pushes the shaft support member toward both stages, the shaft support member is pushed toward both stages almost evenly. Each origin position of the stage is set reliably. Using this origin position as a reference point, the shaft support member is independently sent in the X and Y directions by the X stage and Y stage, respectively, so that the shaft can be reliably moved to any part of the entire region where the shaft can move. Can be moved.

  The invention of claim 11 is an axis alignment method by the axis alignment system according to claim 1, wherein the shaft support member is placed on the main body and the shaft is inserted into the shaft insertion portion of the main body, and then screw tightening is performed. An initial pressurizing step in which an equivalent pressure is applied to the shaft support member by the pressurizing unit, a shaft is moved by the shaft displacement releasing unit, and the shaft and the shaft insertion portion are moved by the shaft state detecting unit and the shaft state determining unit. When the contact state determination step for determining the presence or absence of contact and the shaft state determination means determine that “there is contact between both”, after the pressure applied by the pressure means is removed, the shaft support member is A shaft support member moving step of moving the shaft support member by a predetermined distance, and a post-movement pressurizing step of applying a screw tightening equivalent pressure force to the shaft support member by the pressurizing means at the position after the movement The judging means is “no contact between the two” Until constant, the shaft support member moving step, repeat the movement after the pressing step and the contact state determining step.

By repeating the shaft support member moving step, the post-moving pressurizing step, and the contact state determining step, if there is a region where “there is no contact between the two”, the shaft can always be positioned in that region.
The invention of claim 12 is an axis alignment method by the axis alignment system according to claim 9, wherein the origin is placed in a state where an axis support member is placed on the main body and the axis is inserted into the axis insertion portion of the main body. An origin setting step of setting the origin of the shaft moving means by the setting means; an origin position pressurizing step of applying a screw tightening equivalent pressure force to the shaft support member by the pressurizing means at the origin position; and the shaft displacement releasing means The shaft state is moved, and the shaft state detecting means and the shaft state determining means determine whether or not the shaft and the shaft insertion portion are in contact with each other, and the shaft state determining means determines that both are in contact. In this case, after removing the pressurizing force of the pressurizing unit, the shaft support member moving step of moving the shaft support member by a predetermined distance by the shaft moving unit, and the screw tightening equivalent pressurizing force at the position after the movement are performed. By the pressurizing means And a post-movement pressurizing step applied to the shaft support member, and the shaft support member moving step, post-movement pressurizing step, and contact state determining step until the shaft state determining means determines that there is no contact between them. repeat.

  Since the origin setting step is first, the position of the shaft support member is clarified, and the shaft support member can be positioned by feeding in one direction based on the origin.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, a pressurizing means for applying a screw tightening equivalent pressing force in the vicinity of the screw fixing position of the shaft support member, and a shaft for releasing the shaft after displacing it from the equilibrium position in the length direction. Displacement release means, shaft state detection means for detecting movement after the displacement / release of the shaft by the shaft displacement release means or a phenomenon accompanying the movement, and the shaft is in contact with the shaft insertion portion based on the detection signal The shaft state determining means for determining whether or not the shaft is present and the shaft moving means for moving the shaft support member based on the signal from the shaft state determining means are provided. The part is pressurized to a state close to the state of being fixed to the main body with the screw, and in that state, the shaft is moved by the shaft displacement releasing means, and the movement or the phenomenon accompanying the movement is detected by the shaft state detecting means. Shaft status detection means Therefore to determine the presence or absence of contact between the shaft and the shaft inserting portion, when it is determined that "there is contact between the two" can move the shaft support member by a shaft moving means to release the pressure. By this series of operations or this repetition, it is possible to determine whether or not there is contact in a state where the pressure is close to that of screw fixing. Therefore, in the state where the shaft insertion portion is screwed to the main body, “no contact between both” If there is a region that becomes, the shaft can be positioned almost certainly in that region, and only the final screw tightening is necessary, and the process of screw tightening and screw loosening in the middle is eliminated, As a result, the man-hour is shortened. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide an axis alignment system for a reciprocating shaft that has a high axis alignment accuracy and a small number of work steps.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a pressurizing means having a pressure pin arranged at each fixed position for pressing the shaft support member in contact with the vicinity of each screw fixing position of the shaft support member. Therefore, when the shaft supporting member is pressed by the pressurizing means, a state close to the state where the shaft supporting member is screwed to the main body can be obtained, and the shaft alignment accuracy is further increased.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, the pressure pin includes a pressure pin that is biased by a spring at each fixed position. Since the spring can calculate the acting force from the amount of deformation, if a pressure pin urged by the spring is used, the pressure applied by the pressure pin to the shaft support member can be calculated for each pressure pin. It becomes possible to adjust a pressurization condition to the optimal pressurization condition as a whole from the value of.
In the invention of claim 4, since the zero point adjustment mechanism for individually adjusting the tip position of the pressure pin is provided, the variation in the pressure force between the pressure pins can be kept within an allowable range. The centering accuracy is further increased.

In the fifth aspect of the invention, the pressure application means for applying a predetermined pressure for each pressure pin and the pressure sensor for measuring the pressure for each pressure pin are provided. As in the fourth aspect of the invention, the variation in the pressing force between the pressure pins can be kept within an allowable range, and the alignment accuracy is further increased.
In a sixth aspect of the present invention, the shaft state detection means includes a position detection sensor that detects a position in the length direction of the shaft, and as the shaft state determination means, at least the vibration frequency of the shaft motion or from the output signal of the position detection sensor Since it has a vibration analysis device that determines the presence or absence of contact between the shaft and the shaft support member by determining the vibration damping factor, the shaft's motion is determined by the shaft and the spring that supports it. In addition, it is possible to determine whether or not the vibration is a damping characteristic, and the determination can determine whether or not the shaft and the shaft support member are in contact with each other. Even if it is determined that the frequency is the same, if the damping is large, it is in a state of being slightly touching or very close, so there is a possibility that a better state can be obtained by finely adjusting the position. high.

In the seventh aspect of the present invention, the shaft state detection means includes a magnetized shaft, a coil that converts the movement of the shaft into an induced electromotive force, and an electromotive force measuring device that measures the induced electromotive force of the coil, and determines the shaft state. As a means, a vibration analysis device is provided for determining at least the vibration frequency or vibration damping rate of the shaft motion from the output signal of the electromotive force measuring device and determining the presence or absence of contact between the shaft and the shaft insertion portion. Similar to the invention, the presence or absence of contact between the shaft and the shaft insertion portion can be determined.
The shaft state detecting means includes an acoustic emission detection sensor, and the shaft state determining means determines whether or not an output signal from the acoustic emission detection sensor is a friction sound between the shaft and the shaft insertion portion. Since the sound wave analysis device that determines the presence or absence of contact between the shaft and the shaft support member is provided, if the sound generated from the mating part is detected during the motion of the shaft and its characteristics are analyzed, the shaft and the shaft are inserted. The presence or absence of contact with the part can be determined.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an origin setting means for determining the origin position of the axis moving means by pressing the shaft against the wall surface of the shaft insertion portion. The origin position becomes the movement base point of the shaft support member, and the position of the shaft support member can be clarified. Further, since the origin position determined by the origin setting means is a position where the shaft and the shaft insertion portion are in contact with each other, the feed direction of the shaft moving means during the shaft alignment operation can be limited to one direction. Therefore, according to the present invention, the feeding accuracy of the shaft moving means is increased and the feeding process is simplified.
In the invention of claim 10, the axis moving means includes a pair of X stage and Y stage that are moved in two orthogonal directions, and the origin setting means is at a position of 135 ° from each of the X stage and the Y stage. Is provided with a cylinder that pushes the shaft support member to both stages, so that the cylinder as the origin setting means pushes the shaft support member almost evenly to the X stage side and the Y stage side. The origin position is set reliably, and the X stage and the Y stage send the shaft support members by one-way feeding independently in the X direction and the Y direction, respectively, with the origin position as a reference point. Therefore, according to this method, the shaft support member can be moved two-dimensionally with high accuracy to any part of the region in which the shaft is to be moved.

  In the invention of claim 11, with the shaft support member placed on the main body and the shaft inserted into the shaft insertion portion of the main body, the initial application of applying the screw tightening equivalent pressure to the shaft support member by the pressurizing means. The pressure state, the contact state determination step of moving the shaft by the shaft displacement release means, and determining the presence or absence of contact between the shaft and the shaft insertion portion by the shaft state detection means and the shaft state determination means, and the shaft state determination means If it is determined that there is contact, the shaft support member moving step of moving the shaft support member by a predetermined distance by the shaft moving means after removing the pressure of the pressurizing means, and screw tightening at the moved position A post-movement pressurizing step in which an equivalent pressurizing force is applied to the shaft support member by the pressurizing means, and the shaft support member moving step, post-movement pressurization, until the shaft state determining means determines that there is no contact between the two. Repeat the pressure process and contact state determination process Because, if there is an area to be a "no both contacting" can position the axis almost certainly that region.

  In the invention of claim 12, in a state where the shaft support member is placed on the main body and the shaft is inserted into the shaft insertion portion of the main body, the origin setting step of setting the origin of the axis moving means by the origin setting means, At the origin position, an origin position pressurizing process in which a screw tightening equivalent pressing force is applied to the shaft support member by the pressurizing means, the shaft is moved by the shaft displacement releasing means, and the shaft state is detected by the shaft state detecting means and the shaft state determining means. When the contact state determination step for determining the presence or absence of contact with the insertion portion and the shaft state determination means determine that “there is contact between both”, after the pressure applied by the pressurizing means is removed, the shaft is moved by the shaft moving means. A shaft support member moving step of moving the support member by a predetermined distance, and a post-movement pressurizing step of applying a screw tightening equivalent pressure force to the shaft support member by a pressurizing means at a position after the movement. The state judgment means The shaft support member moving step, the post-movement pressurizing step, and the contact state determining step are repeated until it is determined that the position of the shaft support member is clear and the shaft support member It can be moved by direction feed, high movement accuracy can be obtained, and the work efficiency of axis alignment is increased.

The shaft centering system and the shaft centering method according to the present invention use a shaft support member having a laminated structure that is likely to cause a change in shaft state due to the collapse of the inner interlayer gap when screwed to the main body as the shaft support member. This feature is applied to the case where the shaft support member is pressed against the main body in a state close to screw fixing, and the contact between the reciprocating shaft and the shaft insertion portion into which the shaft is inserted is changed to the contact between the two. When the contact is detected by detecting the influence on the reciprocating motion (vibration) of the shaft and acoustic emission, the shaft support member supporting the shaft is moved to detect the displacement / release of the shaft and the contact. Is repeated to find a state in which the two are not in contact, that is, a state in which the axes are aligned.
Hereinafter, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples.

FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing a configuration of a first embodiment of an axis alignment system according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing a configuration example of a pressurizing mechanism 4 of the first embodiment. FIG. 3 shows the arrangement of the cylinder 61 as origin setting means and the X stage 62 and Y stage 63 as axis moving means.
The structure having the reciprocating shaft 2 (shaft in FIG. 1) shown in FIG. 1 is exactly the same as the structure having the reciprocating shaft 2 described in FIG. The reciprocating shaft 2 is held in a suspended state by a spring 31 on a shaft support member 3 having a four-layer structure, and is inserted into the shaft insertion portion 11 of the main body 1. The shaft support member 3 is in a state in which the shaft 1 is aligned with the body 1 by a fixing screw (not shown in FIG. 11) inserted in a through hole (not shown in FIG. 11) of the shaft support member 3. It is fixed to the screw. A recess for guiding the shaft support member 3 is formed in the upper portion of the main body 1.

In this embodiment, a pressurizing mechanism 4 for pressing the shaft support member 3 against the main body 1, a shaft displacement release means (not shown) for releasing the shaft 2 by displacing the shaft 2 in the length direction, a position detection sensor 71, The vibration analysis device 72, the X stage 62 and the Y stage 63 (not shown in FIG. 1), and the cylinder 61 are configured.
The pressurizing mechanism 4 is a means for creating a state close to that of the shaft support member 3 screwed to the main body 1, and is applied to the shaft support member 3 when the shaft support member 3 is screwed to the main body 1. It is a pressurizing means for pressing the shaft support member 3 against the main body 1 with a pressurizing force equivalent to the applied compressive force (equivalent pressurizing force with screws). The pressurizing mechanism 4 shown in FIG. 2 includes a mounting base 41, a pressurizing motor 42, a pressurizing unit 43, and a pressurizing pin 44. The pressurizing motor 42 attached to the mounting base 41 is used in the pressurizing direction. The shaft support member 3 is pressed against the main body 1 with a screw tightening equivalent pressure by a plurality of pressure pins 44 arranged at predetermined positions of the pressure unit 43 to be driven. The pressure pin 44 is arranged in the vicinity of the screw hole (through hole 32 in FIG. 11) so as to correspond to a position that does not hinder screw fixation in order to create a state as close to the screw fixed state as possible.

The shaft displacement release means is a means built in the structure having the shaft 2, for example, a means for reciprocating the shaft 2 up and down by electromagnetic force, and is used for direct current excitation. By turning off this direct current excitation, the shaft 2 reciprocates to return to the equilibrium position from the displaced position. That is, this means becomes an axial displacement release means. The position detection sensor 71 is installed above the shaft 2 as a shaft state detection means, and detects the position of the shaft 2 in the length direction. The vibration analysis device 72 is an axis state determination unit that receives the output signal of the position detection sensor 71 to obtain the frequency of vibration of the shaft, the vibration attenuation rate, etc., and determines whether or not the shaft 2 and the shaft insertion portion 11 are in contact with each other. . The shaft state is grasped by the shaft displacement releasing means, the shaft state detecting means, and the shaft state determining means.
The X stage 62 and the Y stage 63 are shaft moving means for receiving the signal from the vibration analysis device 8 and moving the shaft support member 3 to adjust the position of the shaft 2. The cylinder 61 moves the shaft support member 3 to the intermediate position side of the X stage 62 and the Y stage 63, presses the shaft 2 against the wall surface of the shaft insertion portion 11, and determines the origin positions of the X stage 62 and the Y stage 63. Origin setting means.

As shown in FIG. 3, both the X stage 62 and the Y stage 63 are arranged so as to be orthogonal to each other toward the center of the shaft insertion portion 11, and each is driven by a motor. The cylinder 61 is disposed at a position of 135 ° from both the X stage 62 and the Y stage 63 so that its axis moves in the diameter direction of the shaft insertion portion 11.
Next, an embodiment of an axis alignment method using this system will be described.
FIG. 3 is a view for explaining the operation of the cylinder 61 as origin setting means and the X stage 62 and Y stage 63 as axis moving means. FIG. (B) is a plan view showing a state in which the origins of the X stage 62 and the Y stage 63 are set, and (c) is a plan view showing a state where the shaft support member 3 is held and moved. is there.
4A and 4B show output examples of the position detection sensor 71 and the vibration analysis device 72. FIG. 4A shows data obtained by sampling the output signal of the position detection sensor with a personal computer, and FIG. FIG. 5 is a vibration waveform diagram converted into a waveform, FIG. 5 shows the analysis result of the vibration waveform of FIG. 4B, (a) is a frequency characteristic diagram, and (b) is an attenuation characteristic diagram.

First, the shaft support member 3 is mounted on the center of the main body 1 with the contact ends of the cylinder 61, the X stage 62, and the Y stage 63 positioned on the outer side of the main body 1. Thus, the shaft 2 is inserted into the shaft insertion portion 11.
Next, the shaft support member 3 is pushed by the cylinder 61, and the shaft support member 3 is shifted to the intermediate position side of the X stage 62 and the Y stage 63 [FIG. 3 (a)].
Subsequently, the contact end of each of the X stage 62 and the Y stage 63 with respect to the shaft support member 3 is moved to a position where it contacts the shaft support member 3. This state is the origin setting state, and the shaft support member 3 is held at the contact ends of the cylinder 61, the X stage 62, and the Y stage 63 [FIG. 3 (b)].
In this state, the motors of the X stage 62 and the Y stage 63 are driven to move the shaft support member 3 by a predetermined distance in the X direction and the Y direction, respectively. For this reason, the pushing force of the cylinder 61 is set sufficiently smaller than the pushing force of the X stage 62 and the Y stage 63.

At this position, after the shaft support member 3 is pressed against the main body 1 with an equivalent pressure by the pressurizing mechanism 4, the coil provided in the structure is DC-excited, the shaft 2 is lowered downward, and the excitation is turned off. The shaft 2 is released, and the shaft 2 is moved in the shaft insertion hole 11 by the force of the spring 4. The movement of the shaft 2 is detected by a position detection sensor 7 installed above the shaft 2, and the detected value is sampled. The sampling data is analyzed by the vibration analysis device 8 to determine whether or not the shaft 2 and the shaft insertion portion 11 are in contact [FIG. 3 (c)].
When the determination result is “no contact”, the shaft support member 3 is fixed to the main body 1 with a fixing screw, and the contact ends of the cylinder 61, the X stage 62, and the Y stage 63 with respect to the shaft support member 3 are set. Returning to the outside of the main body 1, the axis alignment process is completed.
If the determination result is “contact”, the motor of either or both of the X stage 62 and the Y stage 63 is driven in a state where the pressurization of the pressurizing mechanism 4 is removed, and the shaft support member 3 is moved. After moving a predetermined distance in either or both of the X direction and the Y direction, the shaft 2 is reciprocated up and down in the same manner as described above to analyze the motion, and the shaft 2 and the shaft insertion portion 11 are analyzed. The presence or absence of contact with is determined. When the determination result is “with contact”, this process is repeated within the assumed range of movement, and when the determination result becomes “without contact”, the shaft support member 3 is screwed to the main body 1, The pressurization mechanism 4 of the shaft support member 3 and the holding of the cylinder 61, the X stage 62 and the Y stage 63 are released, and the shaft alignment process is completed.

Since the shaft support member 3 is screwed to the main body 1 in a pressurized state by the pressurizing mechanism 4, the shaft support member 3 is not deformed by screw tightening, and therefore the shaft state does not change. As a result, the desired centering can be reliably performed.
Here, acquired data and analysis results will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5.
FIG. 4A shows sampling data obtained by taking the output of the position detection sensor 71 into a personal computer, the horizontal axis is time, and the vertical axis is the amount of displacement from the equilibrium position. FIG. 4B shows a continuous waveform created from this data, FIG. 5A shows the result of frequency analysis of this continuous waveform, and FIG. 5B shows the attenuation factor. In FIGS. 4B and 5B, the horizontal axis is time, and the vertical axis is displacement. In FIG. 5 (a), the horizontal axis is the frequency and the vertical axis is the amplitude. The results shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 show that the frequency is about 17 Hz and the attenuation is normal. 11 is in a non-contact state. On the other hand, when the shaft 2 and the shaft insertion portion 11 are in contact with each other, the degree of attenuation is increased, the frequency is lowered, and the waveform is also disturbed, depending on the contact state. Therefore, if the acquired data is compared with the frequency and attenuation rate in the state of “no contact” as a reference, the contact including the degree of contact can be detected. It is also possible to adjust the feed amount of the Y stage 63, which can increase the efficiency of axis alignment.

  For reference, the distance between the shaft 2 and the shaft insertion portion 11 is, for example, several tens of μm.

In this embodiment, the pressure mechanism 4 of the first embodiment is replaced with a pressure mechanism 4a shown in FIG.
The pressurizing mechanism 4a uses a pressurizing unit having pressurizing pins 44a urged by springs 45 as pressurizing pins. Since the pressure pins 44a are individually urged by the springs 45, the pressure applied to the corresponding pressure pins 44a can be individually known from the deformation amount of each spring 45. For this reason, it is possible to optimize the pressure state as a whole by increasing or decreasing the pressing force of the pressing motor 42 (the total pressing force of all the pins) as necessary.

In this embodiment, the pressure mechanism 4 of the first embodiment is replaced with a pressure mechanism 4b shown in FIG.
In the same manner as in the second embodiment, the pressure mechanism 4b uses the pressure pins 44a individually urged by the springs 45 as pressure pins, and sets the zero point position for each pressure pin 44a. A zero point adjustment unit 46 for adjustment is provided. By adjusting this zero point adjustment section 46, the pressure applied to each pressure pin 44a can be adjusted, so variations between individual pressure pins 44a can be reduced, and the pressure state close to the screw-fixed state Can be ensured.

In this embodiment, the pressurizing mechanism 4 of the first embodiment is replaced with a pressurizing mechanism 4c shown in FIG.
The pressurizing mechanism 4c includes a pressurizing motor 42c and a load sensor 47 for detecting the applied pressure for each pressurizing pin 44c. By adjusting the pressurizing force of the corresponding pressurizing motor 42c according to the output of the load sensor 47, a pressurizing state close to the screw fixing state can be reliably ensured.

FIG. 9 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a configuration of the fifth embodiment.
In this embodiment, the shaft of the first embodiment is replaced with a magnetized shaft 2a made of a material having a large coercive force, and the position detection sensor 71 as the shaft state detecting means of the first embodiment is replaced with a coil 81 and an induced electromotive force measurement. It is replaced with the vessel 82.
The coil 81 is disposed on the wall surface of the shaft insertion portion 11 and connected to the induced electromotive force measuring device 82. When the magnetized shaft 2a moves up and down, an induced electromotive force is generated in the coil 81 in response to the motion. Therefore, the induced electromotive force is measured by the induced electromotive force measuring device 82 and the motion information of the shaft 2a is obtained. To figure it out. If the output of the induced electromotive force measuring device 82 is input to the vibration analyzer, the presence or absence of the contact state between the shaft 2a and the shaft insertion portion 11 can be determined in the same manner as in the first embodiment, and the shaft core is aligned. be able to.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the displacement of the magnetized shaft 2a and the induced electromotive force, the horizontal axis is time, and the vertical axis is the displacement amount and induced electromotive force. The phase of the induced electromotive force is shifted by 90 degrees with respect to the phase of the displacement amount. However, if this point is noted, the measurement data of the induced electromotive force can be handled in the same manner as the measurement data of the displacement amount of the first embodiment.
In the first and fifth embodiments, as a means for detecting contact, a combination of the position detection sensor 71 and the vibration analyzing device 72, or the magnetized shaft 2a, the coil 81, the induced electromotive force measuring device 82, and vibration (not shown). Although a combination of analysis devices is used, an acoustic emission detection sensor and a sound wave analysis device can also be used. In this case, the characteristics of acoustic emission associated with the contact between the shaft and the shaft insertion portion are grasped in advance, and this is compared with the characteristics of the sound wave including the ultrasonic wave detected by the acoustic emission detection sensor. The presence or absence of is determined.

The conceptual diagram which shows the structure of Example 1 of the axial alignment system by this invention Conceptual diagram showing the configuration of the pressurizing mechanism 4 of the first embodiment. FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the operation of a cylinder 61 as an origin setting means and an X stage 62 and a Y stage 63 as axis moving means, (a) is a plan view showing a state in which the shaft support members are offset; ) Is a plan view showing a state in which the origins of the X stage 62 and the Y stage 63 are set, and (c) is a plan view showing a state where the shaft support member 3 is fixed and moved. The output of the position detection sensor 71 and the vibration analysis device 72 is shown, (a) is the data obtained by sampling the output signal of the position detection sensor 71 with a personal computer, and (b) is the vibration obtained by converting the sampling data into the vibration waveform by the vibration analysis device 72. Waveform diagram The analysis result of the vibration waveform diagram of FIG. 4B is shown, (a) is a frequency characteristic diagram, (b) is an attenuation characteristic diagram. Conceptual diagram showing the configuration of the pressurizing mechanism 4a of the second embodiment. Conceptual diagram showing the configuration of the pressurizing mechanism 4b of the third embodiment. Conceptual diagram showing the configuration of the pressurizing mechanism 4c of the fourth embodiment. Conceptual diagram showing the configuration of the fifth embodiment. Diagram showing measurement results according to Example 5 2 shows a configuration in the vicinity of an axis 2 of a structure having a reciprocating axis to which this system is applied, (a) is an exploded perspective view, and (b) is a sectional view. Conceptual diagram for explaining the problems of the prior art

Explanation of symbols

1 Body
11 Shaft insertion part 12 Screw hole 2 Shaft 2a Magnetized shaft 3 Shaft support member
31 Spring 32 Through hole 4, 4a, 4b, 4c Pressure mechanism
41, 41a Mounting base 42, 42c Pressure motor
43, 43a, 43b, 43c Pressure unit 44, 44a, 44c Pressure pin
45 Spring 46 Zero adjustment section
47 Load sensor 5 Fixing screw
61 Cylinder 62 X stage
63 Y stage
71 Position detection sensor 72 Vibration analyzer
81 Coil 82 Inductive electromotive force measuring instrument

Claims (12)

Adjusting the position of the shaft that is inserted into the shaft insertion part of the main body and reciprocated in the length direction supported by the spring of the laminated structure that can be adjusted in position on the main body. A shaft centering system that positions and fixes the main body and the shaft support member in a positional relationship in which the shaft and the shaft insertion portion do not contact by fixing by screw tightening,
Pressurizing means for applying a pressing force equivalent to a fastening force applied to the shaft support member when the shaft support member is fixed to the main body by screw tightening to a position that does not hinder screw tightening of the shaft support member When,
A shaft displacement release means for releasing the shaft after displacing the shaft in the length direction from the equilibrium position;
A shaft state detecting means for detecting the movement after the displacement / release of the shaft by the shaft displacement releasing means or a phenomenon accompanying the movement;
Based on the detection signal of the shaft state detection means, the shaft state determination means for determining whether or not the shaft is in contact with the shaft insertion portion,
Based on a signal from the shaft state determination means, a shaft moving means for moving the shaft support member;
With
An axial alignment system characterized by this. As the pressurizing means, there is provided a pressurizing means having a plurality of pressurizing pins that are arranged at fixed positions by screwing of the shaft support member and are in contact with the vicinity of the fixed position to pressurize the shaft support member.
The axis alignment system according to claim 1, wherein: As the pressure pin, a pressure pin biased by a spring is provided.
The axis alignment system according to claim 2, wherein: A zero point adjustment mechanism for individually adjusting the tip position of the pressure pin;
The axis alignment system according to claim 2, wherein: Each pressurizing pin includes an individual pressurizing unit for applying a pressurizing force and a pressurizing sensor for measuring the pressurizing force.
The axis alignment system according to claim 2, wherein: As the shaft state detecting means, a position detection sensor for detecting a position in the length direction of the shaft is provided,
The shaft state determination means includes a vibration analysis device that determines at least the number of vibrations or vibration attenuation rate of the shaft motion from the output signal of the position detection sensor and determines the presence or absence of contact between the shaft and the shaft insertion portion.
The axis alignment system according to claim 1, wherein: Comprising a magnetized axis as said axis;
As the shaft state detecting means, a coil disposed on the inner wall surface of the shaft insertion portion and an electromotive force measuring device for measuring an induced electromotive force of the coil are provided.
The shaft state determination means includes a vibration analysis device that determines at least the frequency or vibration attenuation rate of the shaft motion from the output signal of the electromotive force measuring device and determines the presence or absence of contact between the shaft and the shaft insertion portion.
The axis alignment system according to claim 1, wherein: As the shaft state detection means, an acoustic emission detection sensor is provided,
As the shaft state determination means, a sound wave analysis device that determines whether or not the output signal from the acoustic emission detection sensor is a friction sound between the shaft and the shaft insertion portion and determines whether there is contact between the shaft and the shaft insertion portion. Have
The axis alignment system according to claim 1, wherein: An origin setting means for determining an origin position of the axis moving means by pressing the shaft against the wall surface of the shaft insertion portion;
The axis alignment system according to claim 1, wherein: As the axis moving means, a pair of X stage and Y stage to move in two orthogonal directions is provided,
The origin setting means includes a cylinder that is disposed at a position of 135 degrees from each of the X stage and the Y stage and pushes the shaft support member toward both stages.
The axis alignment system according to claim 9. An axis alignment method by the axis alignment system according to claim 1,
In a state where the shaft support member is placed on the main body and the shaft is inserted into the shaft insertion portion of the main body, a pressure equal to the fastening force applied to the shaft support member when the shaft support member is fixed to the main body by screw tightening is applied. An initial pressurizing step applied to the shaft support member by a pressurizing means;
A contact state determination step of determining whether or not the shaft and the shaft insertion portion are in contact with each other by moving the shaft by the shaft displacement release unit and the shaft state detection unit and the shaft state determination unit;
A shaft support member moving step of moving the shaft support member by a predetermined distance by the shaft moving means after removing the pressure force of the pressurizing means when the shaft state determining means determines that “there is contact between both”; ,
A post-movement pressurizing step in which a pressure equivalent to a fastening force applied to the shaft support member when the shaft support member is fixed to the main body by screwing at a position after the movement is applied to the shaft support member by the pressurizing means; Have
The shaft support member moving step, the post-movement pressurizing step, and the contact state determining step are repeated until the shaft state determining means determines that “no contact between both”.
An axial alignment method characterized by the above. An axis alignment method using the axis alignment system according to claim 9,
An origin setting step of setting the origin of the axis moving means by the origin setting means in a state where a shaft support member is placed on the body and the shaft is inserted into the shaft insertion portion of the body,
An origin position pressurizing step in which a pressure equivalent to a fastening force applied to the shaft support member when the shaft support member is fixed to the main body by screwing at the origin position is applied to the shaft support member by the pressing means;
A contact state determination step of determining whether or not the shaft and the shaft insertion portion are in contact with each other by moving the shaft by the shaft displacement release unit and the shaft state detection unit and the shaft state determination unit;
A shaft support member moving step of moving the shaft support member by a predetermined distance by the shaft moving means after removing the pressure force of the pressurizing means when the shaft state determining means determines that “there is contact between both”; ,
A post-movement pressurizing step in which a pressure equivalent to a fastening force applied to the shaft support member when the shaft support member is fixed to the main body by screwing at a position after the movement is applied to the shaft support member by the pressurizing means; Have
The shaft support member moving step, the post-movement pressurizing step, and the contact state determining step are repeated until the shaft state determining means determines that “no contact between both”.
An axial alignment method characterized by the above.

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