JP2006277597A - Carbon dioxide exhaust reduction credit utilization system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To return a carbon dioxide exhaust reduction credit to the public interest of an area by issuing local currency equivalent to the acquired carbon dioxide exhaust reduction credit. <P>SOLUTION: The amount of gas used and the amount of electricity used are measured by a gas meter 11a and a watthour meter 11b for every contracted enterprise. A credit evaluation section 15 obtains the difference between measured energy consumption and the reference value of energy consumption stored in an enterprise database 14. and converts the difference into the carbon dioxide exhaust reduction credit. An area discriminating section 16 classifies groups of enterprise names and carbon dioxide exhaust reduction credit for every area and notifies a self-governing community 1a of the area where the groups are classified, through a data communication section 17. The self-governing community 1a issues local currency corresponding to the carbon dioxide exhaust reduction credit. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a carbon dioxide emission reduction credit utilization system capable of monitoring the amount of carbon dioxide emission by a consumer and reflecting the reduction in the amount of carbon dioxide emission in the circulation amount of a local currency.

  In recent years, global warming has been reported, and reduction of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide and methane gas that convert infrared rays into thermal energy has been proposed. The Kyoto Protocol proposes a Kyoto mechanism that employs emissions trading to achieve greenhouse gas reduction. Four types of credits that can be acquired and transferred are defined for emissions trading in the Kyoto Mechanism, one of which is called CER (Certified Emission Reduction) and issued according to the reduction of emissions. The Kyoto Protocol targets carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, hydrofluorocarbon, perfluorocarbon, and sulfur hexafluoride as greenhouse gases. In Japan, carbon dioxide, which accounts for the majority of greenhouse gases, is used. It is being considered to conduct emissions trading on the emission reduction credits.

In order to facilitate the acquisition and transfer of greenhouse gas emission rights (that is, greenhouse gas emission reduction credits), the amount of greenhouse gas generated in the consumer is calculated from the energy usage of the consumer and becomes the standard A greenhouse gas reduction optimization system has been proposed in which the difference between the target value of the amount of greenhouse gas generated and the amount of greenhouse gas generated is calculated as a greenhouse gas emission right (see, for example, Patent Document 1). ). Patent Document 1 describes the purchase and sale of greenhouse gas emission rights according to the price in the greenhouse gas emission trading market, and the accumulation of greenhouse gas emission rights. It is described that it is charged in addition to the energy usage fee.
JP 2003-331088 A

  In the contents described in Patent Document 1, since the greenhouse gas emission right calculated based on the energy usage of the consumer is distributed to the consumer and added to the energy usage fee of the consumer, the consumer Despite contributing to the improvement of the environment, it only brings about changes in the energy usage charges of the entire consumer, and there is no satisfaction that it contributes to the region.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described reasons, and its purpose is to provide a carbon dioxide emission reduction credit acquired by a consumer by supporting the exchange of a local currency in the region to which the consumer belongs. It is to provide a carbon dioxide emission reduction credit utilization system that makes it possible to return the gas emission reduction credit to the local public interest.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a facility for reducing carbon dioxide emission for each consumer and a supply entity that supplies energy to the consumer using the facility equipment. A part of the purchased funds is procured from the local government as subsidies that do not require repayment, and the rest is procured from investors who need to repay, and a fee corresponding to the amount of energy supplied by the equipment is collected from the customer, and the equipment Obtain carbon dioxide emission credits from the use of equipment, use part of the collected fee for repayment to investors other than local governments, and supply carbon dioxide emission credits in the form of use of carbon dioxide emission credits that deliver carbon dioxide emission credits to the investors The measuring means used by the business entity to measure the energy usage amount using the equipment for each consumer, and the measured value and energy of the energy usage amount measured by the measuring means. Storage means for storing the reference value of the rugged usage and the region to which the customer belongs, for each consumer, and obtaining a difference between the measured value of the energy usage stored in the storage means and the reference value, and a carbon dioxide emission reduction credit A means for classifying the set of the customer name stored in the storage means and the carbon dioxide emission reduction credit obtained by the evaluation means for each region, and a region currency classified by the classification means. Notify the local government that has the authority to issue the total of carbon dioxide emission reduction credits and local carbon dioxide emission reduction credits by each local customer, and issue local currency according to the carbon dioxide emission reduction credits to the local government Notification means for prompting the user.

  According to the configuration of the present invention, in order to supply energy to a consumer using facility equipment provided for each consumer with equipment for reducing carbon dioxide emission, issuance of local currency in the region to which the consumer belongs. Demand will be issued to the authorized local government to issue the local currency according to the market price of the carbon dioxide emission reduction credit by notifying the total of the carbon dioxide emission reduction credit of each consumer in the area and the carbon dioxide emission reduction credit of the area. When a supply entity obtains a carbon dioxide emission reduction credit through the use of equipment by a house, the amount of circulation in the local currency in the region to which the customer belongs will increase, contributing to the public interest by increasing the local currency. It will be.

  FIG. 3 shows the main members involved in the present invention and the monetary value and information flow between the members. In the present invention, the repayment is made when a customer (a company 2 in the jurisdiction of the local government 1a, which will be described later, is assumed, but may be an organization or an individual) introduces equipment that reduces carbon dioxide emissions. The local government 1a providing subsidies (or subsidies) v1 that do not need to join the investor group 1 together with general investors, and carbon dioxide emissions using the funds v1 and v2 provided by the investor group 1 It is assumed that there is an energy bank 4 as a supply entity that purchases equipment to reduce the amount and supplies energy v3 to the company 2 using this equipment.

  Energy Bank 4 owns cogeneration facilities using gas engines as equipment and air-conditioning equipment using gas heat pumps or absorption chiller / heaters, and installs equipment on the premises of company 2, thereby And / or heat energy. That is, one equipment is used by one company 2. The energy bank 4 collects compensation for the supply of energy to the company 2. Therefore, it appears that the energy bank 4 leases equipment to the company 2. Any equipment other than those exemplified can be used as long as the carbon dioxide emission can be reduced. The energy bank 4 receives a consideration v4 for the supplied energy v3 by supplying electric energy or heat energy to the company 2 using this kind of equipment. Further, the energy bank 4 obtains a carbon dioxide emission reduction credit (hereinafter referred to as “CO2 credit”).

  In other words, the energy bank 4 collects the consideration v4 for the energy v3 supplied to the company 2 and can obtain the CO2 credit according to the use of the equipment, so a part of the consideration v4 is provided from the investor 1b. The CO2 credit v6 is further delivered to the investor 1b for the repayment v5 for the funds v2.

  Therefore, since the investor 1b can obtain the CO2 credit v6 in addition to the normal repayment v5 including the interest rate, the investor 1b can obtain the gain v9 on sale by selling the CO2 credit v8 to the CO2 credit market 5. Although depending on the contract between the investor 1b and the energy bank 4, since the energy bank 4 delivers the CO2 credit v6 to the investor 1b, it becomes possible to reduce the amount of repayment v5 for the command v2 that received the loan. On the other hand, the local government 1a has the authority to issue the local currency v7 as a subsidy, and when the acquisition of the CO2 credit v6 in the energy bank 4 is confirmed, the local government 1a issues the local currency v7 corresponding to the CO2 credit. That is, for the region, the carbon dioxide emission reduction effect and the reduction by issuing the local currency v7 are made.

  Organize the items described above. An investor group 1 that provides funds to the energy bank 4 includes a local government 1a and an investor 1b. The local government 1a provides a fund v1 as a subsidy that does not require repayment, and the investor 1b includes a fund v2 that requires repayment I will provide a. The energy bank 4 purchases equipment that reduces carbon dioxide emissions with the provided funds v1 and v2, and supplies energy v3 to the company 2 using the equipment. The company 2 pays the energy v4 for the supply of the energy v3 to the energy bank 4, the energy bank 4 makes a repayment v5 to the investor 1b with a part of the consideration v4, and further delivers the CO2 credit v6 to the investor 1b. The local government 1a issues a local currency v7 corresponding to the CO2 credit v6, while the investor 1b sells the CO2 credit v8 in the CO2 credit market 5 and obtains a gain on sale v9.

  Now, the local government 1a provides subsidies at a fixed rate α to the purchase amount of equipment purchased by the energy bank 4, and the local government 1a issues a local currency v7 at a fixed rate β to the CO2 credit v6. And If the purchase amount of the equipment is R, the fund v1 provided by the local government 1a is αR. On the other hand, if the CO2 credit v6 is S, the local currency v7 provided by the local government 1a is βS. Since the CO2 credit v6 varies depending on the supply amount of energy v3 provided from the energy bank 4 to the company 2, if the supply amount of energy v3 is T and S = γT, the local currency v7 becomes βγT. That is, the local government 1a provides (αR + βγT) subsidies to the area.

  Here, when the energy bank 4 purchases equipment for supplying energy v3 to the company 2, the fund v1 provided as a subsidy from the local government 1a does not need to be repaid. This is equivalent to purchasing with R (1-α). In other words, as the consideration v5 of the energy v3, the company 2 calculates the amount obtained from the amount corresponding to the fund v2 (= R (1-α)) provided by the investor 1b and the interest rate for the amount to the energy bank 4 You only have to pay. Moreover, since the energy bank 4 also obtains the CO2 credit v6, it becomes possible to negotiate with the investor 1b to reduce the interest rate by providing the CO2 credit to the investor 1b. However, since the value of the CO2 credit v6 cannot be determined unless it is sold in the CO2 credit market 5, the higher the prediction accuracy of the interest rate set at the time of the contract between the investor 1b and the energy bank 4, the lower the interest rate of the energy bank 4 Can be provided. Note that if the CO2 credit v6 is predicted and the interest rate of the repayment v5 is appropriately priced, it can be expected that the rate of return of the energy bank 4 is increased.

  In addition, the purchase of energy v3 by the equipment of the energy bank 4 is substantially the same as the purchase of the equipment by the company 2 with a payment equivalent to the consideration v4. Since only the amount equivalent to gold is reduced, after all, the company 2 can introduce the equipment with the purchase amount R substantially by R (1-α), and the company introduces the equipment that reduces the carbon dioxide emission amount. 2 will be urged.

  On the other hand, the investor 1b collects the principal and interest provided as the funds v2 as the repayment v5, and also receives the CO2 credit v6 from the energy bank 4. Therefore, by converting the CO2 credit v8 in the CO2 credit market 5, it becomes possible to obtain profits other than interest rates. Moreover, if the fund v2 of R (1-α) is provided for the purchase amount R, the CO2 credit v6 by the equipment of the purchase amount R can be obtained, so the CO2 credit v6 corresponding to the purchase amount R is It can be obtained with R (1-α) funds v2, and this also increases the profit margin. That is, the investor 1b's willingness to invest is encouraged, and the introduction of equipment that can reduce the amount of carbon dioxide emission is further encouraged.

  By the way, in general, the subsidy provided by the local government 1a cannot often evaluate the effect, but the effect of the subsidy can be confirmed in the form of CO2 credit v6 by the above flow. Moreover, in order to introduce the equipment with the purchase amount R into the region, it is only necessary to provide a subsidy of (αR + βγT) in the form of funds v1 to the energy bank 4 and the local currency v7. Expenditure arouses the willingness of investors 1b seeking high yields and contributes to the reduction of local carbon dioxide emissions. In other words, with relatively little expenditure, the funding from a larger private sector will be triggered, which will greatly contribute to the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions. Furthermore, if the investor 1b is a company, issuing the local currency v7 in the name of the investor 1b that provided the fund v2 will lead to an improvement in the corporate brand region of the company that is the investor 1b. It can be expected to contribute to the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions by creating further investor willingness to invest.

  The present invention is used in the energy bank 4 among the members described above, and the main configuration is realized by using a computer (a portion surrounded by a one-dot chain line) managed by the energy bank. In order for the energy bank 4 to acquire the CO2 credit v6, it is necessary to quantify the amount of carbon dioxide emission for each facility device. Carbon dioxide emissions are determined mainly by the efficiency of energy source (electricity and gas) utilization and energy source transportation costs. To quantify carbon dioxide emissions, the type of energy source and the amount of energy used Equipment performance must be included in the parameters.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 1, a gas meter 11 a and a watt hour meter 11 b are provided as measuring means for measuring the amount of energy used in the company 2 contracted by the energy bank 4 for each type of energy source. In addition, the computer managed by the energy bank 4 associates the equipment that provides energy to the company 2 with the conversion rate of the carbon dioxide emission per unit amount of the energy source supplied to the equipment. A stored equipment database 12 is provided. In other words, if the equipment operated by the company 2 and the amount of energy used are known, the amount of carbon dioxide emission can be obtained by applying the conversion rate obtained from the equipment database 12.

  The computer managed by the energy bank 4 has a measured value storage unit 13 for storing energy usage for a predetermined period (for example, one year in units of one month) measured by the gas meter 11a and the watt hour meter 11b for each company 2. Prepare. The energy usage amount is preferably registered in the measurement value storage unit 13 by data communication using a wired or wireless transmission path, but the energy usage amount recorded by the meter reader may be registered in the measurement value storage unit 13. Good.

  The measured value storage unit 13 constitutes a storage means together with the company database 14 in which the company name of the company 2 contracted with the energy bank 4 is registered. In the company database 14, in addition to the company name, the area to which the company belongs (area that the local government 1a has jurisdiction), the energy usage reference value (energy usage corresponding to the baseline emissions), the equipment operated by the company, The investor 1b invested in the equipment includes the CO2 credit corresponding to the carbon dioxide emission mentioned above in one record. That is, one record of the company database 14 includes (company name, region, reference value, CO2 credit). The reference value uses the amount of energy used in a specific period in the past. When there is no data on the amount of energy used in the period, the reference value is estimated from the fluctuation tendency of the past data. Since the investor 1b is included in the record of the corporate database 14, when a part of the fee collected according to the amount of energy used in each facility is repaid to the investor 1b, the fee corresponding to the amount of energy used And the repayment amount to the investor 1b can be managed. That is, the charge calculated | required from the energy usage-amount in the specific installation stored in the measured value memory | storage part 13 can be compared with the repayment amount set with respect to the investor 1b corresponding to the said installation.

  If the energy usage per unit period of a specific company 2 is registered in the measured value storage unit 13, it is possible to obtain CO2 credits. Therefore, as an evaluation means provided in a computer managed by the energy bank 4 The credit evaluation unit 15 obtains the CO2 credit at an appropriate timing (timing operated by the operator or timing determined by the time schedule). The procedure for obtaining the CO2 credit is as shown in FIG. 2. First, the company database 14 is collated using the company name of the company 2 registered in the measured value storage unit 13 as a key (S 1), and energy is sent to the company. Is extracted (S2). Moreover, the reference value regarding the said installation apparatus registered into the company database 14 is extracted (S3), and the difference with the energy usage amount registered into the measured value memory | storage part 13 is calculated | required (S4). Next, the conversion rate is obtained by comparing the extracted equipment with the equipment database 12 (S5), and the CO2 credit is obtained by applying the conversion rate to the difference obtained in step S4 (S6). The obtained CO2 credit is stored in the company database 14 (S7). In addition, the measurement period of the energy usage used for obtaining the CO2 credit is also registered in the company database 14.

  By the way, the energy bank 4 does not target only the companies 2 in one area, but provides services to the companies 2 in many areas. Accordingly, the companies 2 in a large number of regions are registered in the company database 14. On the other hand, since the investor group 1 includes the local government 1a, the purpose cannot be achieved unless the CO2 credit corresponding to the company 2 in the area under the jurisdiction of the local government 1a is received. Therefore, the computer managed by the energy bank 4 is provided with a region discriminating unit 16 as a classification means. After the CO2 credits are stored in the company database 14, the area discriminating unit 16 uses the area registered in the company database 14 as a classification key, and classifies the combination of the company name and the CO2 credit for each area.

  If the classification for each region is possible, the local government 1a of the investor group 1 in the region passes through the data communication unit 17 which is a notification means for the CO2 credit for each company 2 in the region and the total of the CO2 credit for the entire region. Notify and urge the local government 1a to issue local currency. The data communication unit 17 performs data communication with a computer managed by the local government 1a. Through the processing described above, the local government 1a can issue a local currency according to the CO2 credit. In the company database 14, each company is associated with each investor 1b, and the repayment amount and CO2 credit for each investor 1b can be aggregated.

  By the way, the CO2 credit acquired by the energy bank 4 is delivered to the investor 1b and converted into cash in the CO2 credit market 5. Therefore, when the energy bank 4 sets the interest rate by contract with the investor 1b, It is desirable to predict the sale price. Therefore, the apparatus shown in FIG. 1 is also provided with a function of predicting CO2 credits using a well-known prediction method such as Monte Carlo simulation.

It is a block diagram which shows embodiment. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing of the credit evaluation part in the same as the above. It is a figure which shows the relationship of the member relevant to this invention.

Explanation of symbols

1 Investor Group 1a Local Government 1b Investor 2 Company (Customer)
4 Energy Bank (Supplying entity)
11a Gas meter (measuring means)
11b Electricity meter (measuring means)
12 Equipment Database 13 Measurement Value Storage Unit (Storage Unit)
14 Enterprise database (memory means)
15 Credit evaluation department (evaluation means)
16 Regional Discrimination Division (Classification means)
17 Data communication part (notification means)

Claims (1)

  A supply entity that provides equipment for each customer to reduce carbon dioxide emissions and supplies energy to the customer using the equipment. Procurement from local governments and the remainder from investors who need to repay, collect charges from customers according to the amount of energy supplied by the equipment, and obtain carbon dioxide emission credits for using the equipment, A part of the collected fee is used for repayment to investors other than the local government and carbon dioxide emission credits are delivered to the investors. Measuring means for measuring the energy usage using energy, the measured value of the energy usage measured by the measuring means, the reference value of the energy usage and the customer's belonging Stored in the storage means, the storage means for storing the region for each consumer, the evaluation means for obtaining the difference between the measured value of the energy consumption stored in the storage means and the reference value, and converting it into a carbon dioxide emission reduction credit. The classification means for classifying the set of the customer name and the carbon dioxide emission reduction credit obtained by the evaluation means for each region, and the local government that has the authority to issue the local currency in the region classified by the classification means A notification means for notifying the total of the carbon dioxide emission reduction credits and the carbon dioxide emission reduction credits of the area concerned, and urging the local government to issue the local currency corresponding to the carbon dioxide emission reduction credits. Carbon dioxide emission reduction credit utilization system.

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