JP2006265202A - Alpha-lipoic acid amino acid salt - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、新規化合物である、α−リポ酸のアミノ酸塩に関する。 The present invention relates to an amino acid salt of α-lipoic acid, which is a novel compound.
チオクト酸とも呼ばれるα−リポ酸(化学名1,2−ジチオラン−3−ペンタン酸)は、R(+)型として動物および植物細胞中に存在する天然物質である。このものは体内において糖代謝経路に含まれるケト酸の酸化的脱カルボキシル反応に必須の補酵素である。また抗酸化作用を有することから活性酸素を抑制し、老化防止に役立つと信じられている。このため化学的に合成されたラセミα−リポ酸が医薬品および栄養サプリメント原料として市場に出廻っており、専ら水に実質上不溶な遊離酸型α−リポ酸がこれら用途に用いられている。 Α-Lipoic acid (chemical name 1,2-dithiolane-3-pentanoic acid), also called thioctic acid, is a natural substance present in animal and plant cells as the R (+) form. This is a coenzyme essential for oxidative decarboxylation of keto acids contained in the sugar metabolism pathway in the body. In addition, it has an anti-oxidant action and is believed to suppress active oxygen and help prevent aging. For this reason, chemically synthesized racemic α-lipoic acid is on the market as a raw material for pharmaceuticals and nutritional supplements, and free acid α-lipoic acid that is substantially insoluble in water is used for these applications.
化学合成したα−リポ酸は再結晶に使用した有機溶媒を必然的に含んでいるから、長期間服用される食品サプリメント用途に対しては残留有機溶媒の含有量を許容レベル以下に低減しなければならない。そのような残留有機溶媒を減らすためのα−リポ酸の精製方法として、α−リポ酸をそのナトリウム塩などの水溶性塩の形でアルカリ水溶液に溶解し、不溶性の不純物を除去した後、アルカリ性水溶液を酸でpH1.0ないし5.0に調節し、析出したα−リポ酸を単離することよりなる方法がある。WO01/12620参照。この文献には、酸の形のα−リポ酸をアルカリ水溶液に溶解する代りに、ナトリウム塩、カリウムと塩などのアルカリ金属塩、カルシウム、マグネシウムなどのアルカリ土類金属塩、亜鉛、鉄、銅、パラジウム、バナジン、セレン等の他の金属塩、さらにアンモニウムおよび有機アンモニウムカチオンとの塩の形でアルカリ水溶液に溶解できることが記載されている。しかしながらこれらの塩は残留溶媒を含んでいる粗製α−リポ酸を原料として、これを精製するために想定される塩として挙げられているのみであって、実際に合成されていない。 Since chemically synthesized α-lipoic acid necessarily contains the organic solvent used for recrystallization, the content of residual organic solvent must be reduced below an acceptable level for food supplements to be taken for a long time. I must. As a method for purifying α-lipoic acid to reduce such residual organic solvent, α-lipoic acid is dissolved in an aqueous alkali solution in the form of a water-soluble salt such as its sodium salt to remove insoluble impurities, and then alkaline. There is a method comprising adjusting an aqueous solution to pH 1.0 to 5.0 with an acid and isolating the precipitated α-lipoic acid. See WO01 / 12620. In this document, instead of dissolving α-lipoic acid in the acid form in an alkaline aqueous solution, alkali metal salts such as sodium salt, potassium and salt, alkaline earth metal salts such as calcium and magnesium, zinc, iron, copper It can be dissolved in an alkaline aqueous solution in the form of other metal salts such as palladium, vanadium, selenium, and salts with ammonium and organic ammonium cations. However, these salts are only listed as salts supposed to purify crude α-lipoic acid containing a residual solvent as a raw material, and are not actually synthesized.
本発明者らは、ナトリウム塩より水中溶解度の大きいα−リポ酸の塩を探究し、α−リポ酸の塩基性アミノ酸塩が有用であることを発見した。水中溶解度の高いα−リポ酸塩は粗製α−リポ酸の精製プロセスに有用であるが、塩自体が水に高濃度に溶解することから、医薬品原料および食品サプリメント原料としても有用である。例えばこれまで水に実質上不溶なα−リポ酸自体が固形剤として健康食品に使用されているが、アミノ酸塩は固形剤としてはもとより、ドリンク剤等の液剤の形でも提供することができ、α−リポ酸と同時にアミノ酸を摂取することができる。 The present inventors have searched for a salt of α-lipoic acid having a higher solubility in water than a sodium salt, and found that a basic amino acid salt of α-lipoic acid is useful. The α-lipoic acid salt having high solubility in water is useful for the purification process of crude α-lipoic acid, but since the salt itself dissolves in water at a high concentration, it is also useful as a raw material for pharmaceuticals and food supplements. For example, α-lipoic acid itself, which is substantially insoluble in water, has been used in health foods as a solid preparation, but amino acid salts can be provided not only as a solid preparation but also in the form of a liquid preparation such as a drink, Amino acids can be taken simultaneously with α-lipoic acid.
また医薬用途においては、α−リポ酸はアミド体の顆粒もしくは散剤の形で経口投与されていた。この場合アミド体の代識−排泄によるロスは避けることができないが、本発明のアミノ酸塩を静脈内輸液の成分として投与することにより、そのバイオアベイラビリティを高めることができ、同時にアミノ酸の投与も達成される。 For pharmaceutical use, α-lipoic acid was orally administered in the form of amide granules or powder. In this case, loss due to excretion of the amide compound-excretion is unavoidable, but by administering the amino acid salt of the present invention as a component of intravenous infusion, its bioavailability can be increased, and at the same time, administration of amino acids is also achieved. Is done.
α−リポ酸の塩基性アミノ酸塩の利点は、その高い水溶性のみでなく、無味無臭のためα−リポ酸よりも服用が容易であることにある。α−リポ酸は独特の味と臭気を有する。さらに他の利点として、α−リポ酸よりも化学的に安定であることである。α−リポ酸は重合物を生成し易く、その取扱いには注意を要するが、アミノ酸と塩を生成することによって化学的安定性が増大し、製剤化および貯蔵を含む取扱いが容易化される。 The advantage of the basic amino acid salt of α-lipoic acid is that it is not only highly water-soluble but also easier to take than α-lipoic acid because of its tasteless and odorlessness. α-Lipoic acid has a unique taste and odor. Yet another advantage is that it is chemically more stable than α-lipoic acid. Although α-lipoic acid tends to form a polymer and requires careful handling, the formation of amino acids and salts increases chemical stability and facilitates handling, including formulation and storage.
本発明によりα−リポ酸と塩を形成するアミノ酸は天然塩基性アミノ酸、具体的にはリジン、オルニチン、アルギニン、ヒスチジンである。厳密にはアミノ酸ではないが、カルノシン、すなわちN−β−アラニル−L−ヒスチジンもここでは塩基性アミノ酸に含める。 The amino acids that form salts with α-lipoic acid according to the present invention are natural basic amino acids, specifically lysine, ornithine, arginine, and histidine. Although not strictly an amino acid, carnosine, ie N-β-alanyl-L-histidine, is also included here as a basic amino acid.
α−リポ酸の塩基性アミノ酸塩は、水溶液中でα−リポ酸と塩基性アミノ酸を反応させることによって生成する。生成した塩を固体として単離するには例えば凍結乾燥法またはスプレードライ法を用いることができる。 The basic amino acid salt of α-lipoic acid is produced by reacting α-lipoic acid with a basic amino acid in an aqueous solution. In order to isolate the formed salt as a solid, for example, a freeze-drying method or a spray-drying method can be used.
塩基性アミノ酸のいずれの光学異性体もα−リポ酸と塩を形成するが、本発明の塩は生体内投与を意図しているのでL−異性体が望ましい。同じ理由で水溶液から塩を単離するため貧溶媒を添加して塩を析出させる方法は採用できない。そのためα−リポ酸と遊離型の塩基性アミノ酸を化学量論的比率で水中で反応させ、生成した塩の水溶液を凍結乾燥またはスプレードライし、固体の形で単離する方法が好ましい。化学量論的比率とは、等モルを意味するが、ヒスチジンについては等モルでは溶解性が充分でないため理論量の2倍の比率で使用するのが好ましい。従って生成物はヒスチジンとの混合物の形で単離される。 Although any optical isomer of a basic amino acid forms a salt with α-lipoic acid, the L-isomer is preferred since the salts of the present invention are intended for in vivo administration. For the same reason, in order to isolate the salt from the aqueous solution, a method of adding a poor solvent to precipitate the salt cannot be adopted. Therefore, a method is preferred in which α-lipoic acid and free basic amino acid are reacted in water at a stoichiometric ratio, and the resulting aqueous salt solution is freeze-dried or spray-dried and isolated in solid form. The stoichiometric ratio means an equimolar amount, but histidine is preferably used at a ratio twice the theoretical amount because the equimolar amount is not sufficiently soluble. The product is therefore isolated in the form of a mixture with histidine.
α−リポ酸と塩基性アミノ酸とが塩を形成していることは、塩の融点がα−リポ酸および塩を形成するアミノ酸の融点と異なること、NMRおよびIRチャートによって確かめられた。 The formation of a salt between α-lipoic acid and a basic amino acid was confirmed by NMR and IR charts, that the melting point of the salt was different from the melting point of the amino acid forming α-lipoic acid and the salt.
以下に限定を意図しない実施例によって本発明を実証する。 The invention is demonstrated by the following non-limiting examples.
〔実施例1〕
精製水200mlにL−リジン3.54gを溶解し、α−リポ酸5.00gを加えて攪拌し、不溶物を濾過して除去する。溶液を凍結乾燥用のフラスコに膜状に伸ばし、ドライアイスで冷却したアセトン浴で凍結し、真空ポンプへ連結して室温で乾燥させた。収量8.02g(93.9%)
[Example 1]
L-lysine (3.54 g) is dissolved in 200 ml of purified water, 5.00 g of α-lipoic acid is added and stirred, and insoluble matters are removed by filtration. The solution was stretched into a film for freeze-drying, frozen in an acetone bath cooled with dry ice, and connected to a vacuum pump and dried at room temperature. Yield 8.02 g (93.9%)
上の操作においてリジンの代りに、ヒスチジン7.52g,アルギニン4.22gまたはカルノシン10.96gを用い、同様にしてα−リポ酸のこれらのアミノ酸塩を得た。収率は、ヒスチジン塩89.1%,アルギニン塩96.2%,カルノシン塩90.4%であった。 In the above operation, 7.52 g of histidine, 4.22 g of arginine or 10.96 g of carnosine was used instead of lysine, and these amino acid salts of α-lipoic acid were obtained in the same manner. The yield was 89.1% histidine salt, 96.2% arginine salt, and 90.4% carnosine salt.
生成したα−リポ酸アミノ酸塩の融点および使用したアミノ酸融点を表1に示す。 Table 1 shows the melting point of the produced α-lipoic acid amino acid salt and the melting point of the amino acid used.
表1
使用したアミノ酸 融点 α−リポ酸塩の融点
リジン 224.5℃(dec.) 216℃(dec.)
ヒスチジン 287℃(dec.) 233℃(dec.)
アルギニン 244℃(dec.) 135−136℃
カルノシン 262℃(dec.) 95℃
Table 1
Amino acid used Melting point α- Lipoate melting point Lysine 224.5 ° C (dec.) 216 ° C (dec.)
Histidine 287 ° C. (dec.) 233 ° C. (dec.)
Arginine 244 ° C (dec.) 135-136 ° C
Carnosine 262 ° C (dec.) 95 ° C
NMR分析:
α−リポ酸(DTP)およびDPTアミノ酸塩のNMR分析データを以下に示す。
NMR analysis:
The NMR analysis data of α-lipoic acid (DTP) and DPT amino acid salt are shown below.
DTP:
1H−NMR(200MHz,CDCl3):δ 1.40−1.79(6H,m),1.83−2.00(1H,m),2.35−2.56(1H,m),2.38(2H,t,J=7.3Hz),3.05−3.26(2H,m),3.58(1H,quintet,J=7.1Hz).
DTP・2xヒスチジン塩:
1H−NMR(200MHz,D2O):δ 1.28−1.80(6H,m),1.86−2.02(1H,m),2.13(2H,t,J=7.2Hz),2.36−2.52(1H,m),3.06−3.30(6H,m),3.58−3.73(1H,m),3.94(2H,dd,J=7.3Hz and 5.7Hz),7.14(2H,d,J=1.3Hz),8.09(2H,d,J=1.3Hz).
DTP・アルギニン塩:
1H−NMR(200MHz,D2O):δ 1.28−2.05(11H,m),2.14(2H,t,J=7.1Hz),2.38−2.55(1H,m),3.06−3.28(4H,m),3.59−3.75(1H,m),3.70(1H,t,J=6.03Hz).
DTP・カルノシン塩:
1H−NMR(200MHz,D2O):δ 1.28−1.83(6H,m),1.86−2.04(1H,m),2.14(2H,t,J=7.2Hz),2.36−2.57(1H,m),2.54−2.75(2H,m),2.94−3.30(6H,m),3.57−3.74(1H,m),4.44(1H,dd,J=8.2Hz and 5.3Hz),7.14(1H,d,J=1.3Hz),8.34(1H,d,J=1.3Hz).
DTP・リジン塩:
1H−NMR(200MHz,D2O):δ 1.28−2.03(13H,m),2.13(2H,t,J=7.2Hz),2.38−2.53(1H,m),2.96(2H,t,J=7.5Hz),3.06−3.27(2H,m),3.59−3.74(1H,m),3.69(1H,t,J=6.0Hz).
DTP:
1 H-NMR (200 MHz, CDCl 3 ): δ 1.40-1.79 (6H, m), 1.83-2.00 (1H, m), 2.35-2.56 (1H, m) 2.38 (2H, t, J = 7.3 Hz), 3.05-3.26 (2H, m), 3.58 (1H, quintet, J = 7.1 Hz).
DTP · 2x histidine salt:
1 H-NMR (200 MHz, D 2 O): δ 1.28-1.80 (6H, m), 1.86-2.02 (1H, m), 2.13 (2H, t, J = 7) .2 Hz), 2.36-2.52 (1H, m), 3.06-3.30 (6H, m), 3.58-3.73 (1H, m), 3.94 (2H, dd) , J = 7.3 Hz and 5.7 Hz), 7.14 (2H, d, J = 1.3 Hz), 8.09 (2H, d, J = 1.3 Hz).
DTP / arginine salt:
1 H-NMR (200 MHz, D 2 O): δ 1.28-2.05 (11H, m), 2.14 (2H, t, J = 7.1 Hz), 2.38-2.55 (1H , M), 3.06-3.28 (4H, m), 3.59-3.75 (1H, m), 3.70 (1H, t, J = 6.03 Hz).
DTP / carnosine salt:
1 H-NMR (200 MHz, D 2 O): δ 1.28-1.83 (6H, m), 1.86-2.04 (1H, m), 2.14 (2H, t, J = 7) .2 Hz), 2.36-2.57 (1H, m), 2.54-2.75 (2H, m), 2.94-3.30 (6H, m), 3.57-3.74. (1H, m), 4.44 (1H, dd, J = 8.2 Hz and 5.3 Hz), 7.14 (1H, d, J = 1.3 Hz), 8.34 (1H, d, J = 1.3 Hz).
DTP / lysine salt:
1 H-NMR (200 MHz, D 2 O): δ 1.28-2.03 (13H, m), 2.13 (2H, t, J = 7.2 Hz), 2.38-2.53 (1H M), 2.96 (2H, t, J = 7.5 Hz), 3.06-3.27 (2H, m), 3.59-3.74 (1H, m), 3.69 (1H) , T, J = 6.0 Hz).
〔実施例2〕
精製水200mlにL−カルノシン27.41gを溶解し、α−リポ酸12.50gを加えて攪拌し、不溶物を濾過して除去する。溶液をスプレードライヤーを用い、入口温度120℃,出口温度90℃の条件でスプレードライし、α−リポ酸L−カルノシン塩を60.5%の収率で得た。
[Example 2]
27.41 g of L-carnosine is dissolved in 200 ml of purified water, 12.50 g of α-lipoic acid is added and stirred, and insoluble matter is removed by filtration. The solution was spray-dried under conditions of an inlet temperature of 120 ° C. and an outlet temperature of 90 ° C. using a spray dryer to obtain α-lipoic acid L-carnosine salt in a yield of 60.5%.
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2007070303A (en) * | 2005-09-08 | 2007-03-22 | Tateyama Kasei Kk | METHOD FOR PRODUCING alpha-LIPOIC ACID ALKALI SALT |
JP2014111573A (en) * | 2006-07-06 | 2014-06-19 | Omnica Gmbh | Lipoic acid derivative |
CN105001195A (en) * | 2015-07-06 | 2015-10-28 | 南京海融医药科技有限公司 | New crystal form of R(+)-thioctic acid-L-lysinate and preparation method thereof |
CN115960076A (en) * | 2022-12-28 | 2023-04-14 | 水羊化妆品制造有限公司 | Alpha-lipoic acid-organic alkali ion salt and preparation method and application thereof |
JP7474737B2 (en) | 2021-12-27 | 2024-04-25 | 花王株式会社 | Method for preparing asparagusic acid |
-
2005
- 2005-03-25 JP JP2005088659A patent/JP2006265202A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2007070303A (en) * | 2005-09-08 | 2007-03-22 | Tateyama Kasei Kk | METHOD FOR PRODUCING alpha-LIPOIC ACID ALKALI SALT |
JP2014111573A (en) * | 2006-07-06 | 2014-06-19 | Omnica Gmbh | Lipoic acid derivative |
CN105001195A (en) * | 2015-07-06 | 2015-10-28 | 南京海融医药科技有限公司 | New crystal form of R(+)-thioctic acid-L-lysinate and preparation method thereof |
JP7474737B2 (en) | 2021-12-27 | 2024-04-25 | 花王株式会社 | Method for preparing asparagusic acid |
CN115960076A (en) * | 2022-12-28 | 2023-04-14 | 水羊化妆品制造有限公司 | Alpha-lipoic acid-organic alkali ion salt and preparation method and application thereof |
CN115960076B (en) * | 2022-12-28 | 2024-07-09 | 水羊化妆品制造有限公司 | Alpha-lipoic acid-organic alkali ion salt and preparation method and application thereof |
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