JP2006254656A - Power conversion apparatus for rail vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a power conversion apparatus for rail vehicle, with which removing work and exchange work of a switching unit can easily be performed and excessive space for work is not required. <P>SOLUTION: The power conversion device is fitted to a box 5 installed under a floor of the vehicle, and it converts AC power into DC power or DC power into AC power. A smoothing capacitor 1 is a dry type and an electrode terminal 6 is placed upside down and is arranged inside the box 5. Switching elements 2 and 3 and the electrode terminal 6 of the switching unit 13 fitted to the box 5 from outside so that it can be attached/detached are connected near a lower face in the box 5 by a bus-bar 11. Attaching/detaching work of a connection part can be performed from a bottom opening part 5b of the box 5. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a power conversion device that is installed under the floor of a railway vehicle and supplies, for example, vehicle driving power.

  A conventional power converter for a railway vehicle is input from a railway overhead line to a DC terminal by a circuit including a smoothing capacitor that smoothes a DC voltage and a three-phase bridge-connected semiconductor element that constitutes a three-phase inverter. DC power is converted into AC power by switching a semiconductor element, and this AC power is output from an AC terminal and supplied to, for example, a motor for driving a vehicle. As a specific configuration, for example, a switching element unit having a circuit for converting from direct current to alternating current or alternating current to direct current by semiconductor switching, and a heat dissipating unit coupled to the heat generating unit of the switching element unit to cool it The stack is formed in the box, and the stack is detachably supported by a box attached under the floor of the vehicle. The heat generating part is housed in a sealed part inside the box and the heat radiating part is held in the open part on the vehicle side. (See Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2003-235112 (second page, FIG. 11)

  In the power converter as described above, normally, an oil-insulated capacitor with an insulating oil filled therein is used as the smoothing capacitor. For this reason, when the smoothing capacitor bushing is placed sideways or downward, there is a risk of oil leakage from the joint between the bushing and the smoothing capacitor case, so power conversion for railway vehicles that requires particularly high reliability. In the apparatus, the smoothing capacitor is generally installed with the bushing portion facing upward. The upper bushing and the switching unit are connected by a connection conductor. In the power conversion device having such a configuration, when the switching unit needs to be removed or replaced during maintenance or repair, the smoothing capacitor and the switching unit are attached and detached at the connection point between the bushing and the connection conductor. Because it is in the upper part, it was a work in a narrow and difficult place. Therefore, the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1 includes a one-touch connector on the stack and the connection conductor so that the entire stack can be attached and detached from the side of the box. In such a configuration, it is easy to attach and detach the stack, but since a connector processed with high precision is required, the manufacturing cost increases and the cost increases, and the connecting conductor and the connector joint portion are stored. Therefore, there is a problem that it is difficult to downsize the apparatus.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and can easily remove and replace the switching unit, and does not require an extra space for the power conversion for the railway vehicle. The object is to obtain a device.

  A power conversion apparatus for a railway vehicle according to the present invention is a dry type fixed to the inside of a box in a power conversion apparatus for a railway vehicle used by being attached to a box provided under the floor of the railway vehicle. Connecting a plurality of smoothing capacitors, two or more switching elements connected in series, a plurality of series circuits connected in parallel to each of the smoothing capacitors, a cooler for cooling the switching elements, and connecting the series circuit and the smoothing capacitors A switching unit having a bus bar, and the switching unit is inserted into the inside from the opening on the side of the box and attached to the box so that the cooler side is exposed to the outside of the box, and the bus bar and the electrode terminal of the smoothing capacitor Are connected in the vicinity of the lower surface in the box, and the attachment / detachment work of the connected portion can be performed from the opening on the bottom surface of the box.

  Further, in place of the above switching unit, a switching circuit in which two or more switching elements connected in series are connected in parallel and connected in parallel to a smoothing capacitor, a cooling device for cooling the switching elements, switching A switching unit having a bus bar for connecting a circuit and a smoothing capacitor. Similarly to the above, the switching unit is inserted into the inside of the opening of the side of the box and the cooler side is exposed to the outside of the box. The bus bar and the electrode terminal of the smoothing capacitor are connected to each other in the vicinity of the lower surface of the box body so that the connected portion can be attached / detached from the opening on the bottom surface of the box body.

  According to the power conversion equipment for a railway vehicle of the present invention, the bus bar of the switching unit attached to the side surface of the box provided under the floor of the vehicle, and the electrode terminal of the smoothing capacitor installed in the box, Since the connection is made in the vicinity of the lower surface in the box, and the attachment / detachment work of the connection portion can be performed from the opening on the bottom surface of the box, the switching unit can be easily removed and replaced. Further, since no extra work space is required for attachment / detachment, the apparatus can be miniaturized.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a power conversion device for a railway vehicle according to the first embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a side view showing a state in which the power conversion device is disposed under the floor of the rail vehicle. b) is an enlarged view of part b of FIG. FIG. 3 is a side view showing the configuration of the power converter, and FIG. 4 is a perspective view seen from the direction of the arrow in FIG.

  First, the circuit configuration will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in the figure, the power conversion device is a U-phase circuit in which a series circuit in which two switching elements 2A and 3A made of IGBT, for example, are connected in series to a smoothing capacitor 1A having a positive electrode and a negative electrode is connected in parallel. Similarly, a smoothing capacitor 1B and switching elements 2B and 3B form a V-phase circuit, and a smoothing capacitor 1C and switching elements 2C and 3C form a W-phase circuit, and these three phases are connected in parallel. Thus, a power conversion circuit is configured. Each phase is connected to the positive electrode (P) and the negative electrode (N) of the DC power source, and the connection points of the two switching elements connected in series serve as terminals U, V, and W for AC output. 13A to 13C are switching units configured by combining a serial circuit of the above switching elements with a cooler, a bus bar, and the like described later. In the following description, when the smoothing capacitors, switching elements, and the like are collectively described for three phases, the alphabetic suffixes of the symbols are omitted, and for example, 1A to 1C are simply expressed as 1.

  When DC power from the railway overhead line is input to the positive electrode (P) and the negative electrode (N) of such a power conversion circuit, the DC power is converted into AC power by switching of the switching element, and this AC power is converted to AC terminal. The output from U, V, W is supplied to, for example, an induction motor for driving a vehicle. In the case of regenerative braking, conversely, AC power from the induction motor is converted to DC power and returned to the overhead line side.

  As shown in the side view of FIG. 2, the structure of the apparatus is such that, for example, a dry type smoothing capacitor 1 such as an insulating resin mold is provided in a box 5 provided under the floor of a vehicle body 4 and a positive electrode. The negative electrode terminal 6 is disposed downward and fixed toward the bottom surface side of the box 5. By using a dry type smoothing capacitor 1, oil is not used for insulation, so there is no risk of oil leakage, and there is no problem even if the electrode terminal 6 faces downward. A switching unit 13 having switching elements 2 and 3, a cooler 7, and a bus bar 11 is attached to the wheel side surface of the box 5.

This will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. In the side view of FIG. 3, the cooler 7 provided integrally with the switching elements 2 and 3 is for radiating heat generated at a high temperature when a large current flows through the switching elements 2 and 3. It is. The cooler 7 includes a cooling plate 8 and a heat radiating portion 9, and the cooling plate 8 has a mounting portion 10 around it. The bus bar 11 having one end connected to the switching elements 2 and 3 is bent in an L shape, and the other end is connected to the electrode terminal 6 of the smoothing capacitor 1 by a bolt 12. This connection location is configured to be positioned near the lower surface of the box 5 by disposing the smoothing capacitor 1 downward. With the connection having such a configuration, the wiring inductance can be reduced by setting the wiring length to the minimum necessary length.
As shown in FIG. 4, a parallel circuit for one phase formed by connecting a switching unit and a smoothing capacitor in parallel is arranged side by side in a direction along the side surface of the box for three phases. The power conversion device is configured.

Next, the attaching / detaching work of the switching unit 13 will be described. As shown in FIG. 2 (b), the switching unit 13 is attached by inserting the switching unit 13 from the outside of the side opening 5a provided on the side surface of the box 5 and connecting the cooler 7 side to the outside of the box. The mounting part 10 is fixed to the box 5 in a state exposed to. Then, the bus bar 11 and the electrode terminal 6 of the smoothing capacitor 1 are fixed with bolts 12.
When it is necessary to remove the switching unit 13 at the time of inspection / repair or replacement of the power conversion device, the bolt 12 at the connection point between the smoothing capacitor 1 and the bus bar 11 is removed from the bottom opening 5b of the box 5, Further, by removing the attachment portion 10 between the switching unit 13 and the box 5, the switching unit 13 can be removed from the box 5 as indicated by a thick arrow in FIG. 2.

  In the above description, the smoothing capacitor 1 is disposed downward, but another embodiment in which only the arrangement direction of the smoothing capacitor 1 is changed in the power conversion device having the same circuit configuration will be described. FIG. 5 is a side view of the power conversion device when the smoothing capacitor 1 is disposed horizontally and attached to the box, and FIG. 6 is a perspective view thereof. The same parts as those in FIG. 2 and FIG.

As shown in FIG. 5, the smoothing capacitor 1 is disposed laterally on the lower side of the box 5 with the electrode terminals 6 facing the side of the box 5 on the switching unit 13 mounting side. The bus bar 14 connected to the switching elements 2 and 3 and the electrode terminal 6 are connected by a bolt 12 in the vicinity of the lower surface of the box 5 with a connection length as short as possible. As shown in FIG. 6, the power converters are configured by arranging the three phases side by side in the direction along the side of the box and connecting them in parallel.
Even in such a configuration, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 in which the electrode terminal 6 of the smoothing capacitor 1 is disposed downward, when the switching unit 13 needs to be removed, the thick arrow in FIG. Moreover, it can remove easily by removing the volt | bolt 12 of the connection location of the smoothing capacitor 1 and the bus bar 14 from the bottom face opening part 5b of a box.

  As described above, according to the invention of the present embodiment, a plurality of dry type smoothing capacitors arranged and fixed with the electrode terminals facing downward or sideways inside the box at the bottom of the vehicle, and each smoothing capacitor A switching unit having a series circuit of connected switching elements, a cooler, and a bus bar. The bus bar of the switching unit attached to the side of the box and the electrode terminal of each smoothing capacitor are located near the lower surface in the box. Since the connection and the attaching / detaching work of the connecting portion can be performed from the opening on the bottom surface of the box body, the switching unit can be easily detached and replaced outside the box body. Further, since no extra work space for attachment / detachment is required, the apparatus can be miniaturized. Furthermore, since the connection length between the switching element and the smoothing capacitor can be shortened, the wiring inductance can be reduced.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
7 is a circuit diagram of the power conversion device according to the second embodiment, FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the power conversion device, and FIG. 9 is a perspective view of the power conversion device showing another example. 1 to 6 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.
First, the circuit configuration of the power conversion apparatus will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in the figure, for example, two switching elements 2A and 3A made of IGBT are connected in series to form a series circuit, and similarly formed series circuits are connected in parallel for three phases to form a switching circuit. This switching circuit and a smoothing capacitor 15 having positive and negative electrode terminals are connected in parallel to the DC terminals P and N to constitute a power conversion circuit. Reference numeral 19 denotes a switching unit configured by combining the above-described switching circuit with a cooler, a bus bar and the like which will be described later. In the following description, when the switching elements and the like are described collectively for three phases, the alphabetical subscripts are omitted.

As shown in the perspective view of FIG. 8, the structure of the apparatus is such that, for example, a dry type smoothing capacitor 15 such as an insulating resin mold is used, and the positive and negative electrode terminals 16 are directed downward toward the bottom surface of the box 5. To place. The two switching elements 2 and 3 connected in series are combined with a cooling plate 8 for radiating heat generated during use of the element and a radiator 7 including a heat radiating portion 9. The cooling plate 8 includes three phases. A mounting portion 17 is provided for collectively mounting to the box. The switching elements 2 and 3 and the electrode terminal 16 of the smoothing capacitor 15 are connected by a bus bar 18 bent in an L shape with a minimum length necessary for reducing the wiring inductance. The switching elements 2 and 3, the bus bar 18 and the cooler 7 constitute a switching unit 19.
In addition, although the cooler 7 has shown what provided individually in the switching element of 3 phases, it is good also as a cooler of 3 phases package.

  The power conversion device configured as described above is used by being attached to a box 5 provided under the floor of the vehicle body 4, and the side view in this state is equivalent to FIG. 2 described in the first embodiment. The connection point between the electrode terminal 16 of the smoothing capacitor 15 and the bus bar 18 is located near the lower surface in the box 5. When it is necessary to remove the switching unit 19 at the time of inspection / repair or replacement of the power converter, the bolt at the connection point between the electrode terminal 16 of the smoothing capacitor 15 and the bus bar 18 from the bottom opening 5b of the box 5 By removing, the switching unit 19 can be removed as in the case of FIG.

Next, another embodiment in which only the arrangement of the smoothing capacitor 15 is changed in the power conversion device having the same circuit configuration will be described. FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing the configuration of the power conversion device when the smoothing capacitor 15 is disposed sideways. Portions equivalent to those in FIG. 8 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted. The difference from FIG. 8 is that the electrode terminal 16 of the smoothing capacitor 15 is disposed sideways toward the side surface of the box 5 on the switching unit 19 mounting side. The switching elements 2 and 3 constituting the switching unit 19 and the electrode terminal 16 of the smoothing capacitor 15 are connected by a bus bar 20 near the lower surface in the box 5. The side view in this state is the same as FIG. 5 of the first embodiment.
In the power conversion device configured as described above, the switching unit 19 can be attached and detached from the box 5 in the same manner as in the case of FIG.

  As described above, according to the invention of the present embodiment, the dry type smoothing capacitor disposed and fixed with the electrode terminal facing downward or sideways inside the box at the lower part of the vehicle, and the switching circuit connected thereto are provided. The switching unit bus bar attached to the side of the box and the electrode terminal of the smoothing capacitor are connected in the vicinity of the lower surface of the box, and the attaching / detaching operation of the connecting portion is performed on the bottom of the box. Since it can be performed from the opening, the switching unit can be easily removed and replaced. Further, since no extra work space for attachment / detachment is required, the apparatus can be miniaturized. Furthermore, since the connection length between the switching element and the smoothing capacitor can be shortened, the wiring inductance can be reduced.

In the first and second embodiments described above, the case of a power conversion device that converts DC power into three-phase AC power has been described. However, a power conversion device that converts single-phase or three-phase AC power into DC power, The present invention can be similarly applied to a power conversion device that converts DC power into single-phase AC power.
In the above embodiment, the case of a two-level inverter has been described. However, for example, a three-level power converter may be used.
Moreover, although IGBT was used as a switching element, other switching elements, such as GTO and a transistor, may be used.
Further, although the self-cooling heat sink type has been described as the cooler for cooling the switching element, the cooling device may be other cooling methods such as a forced air cooling type and a water cooling type in addition to the self-cooling type.
In addition to the insulating resin mold type, for example, the smoothing capacitor case is made of metal and the inner insulating material is made of resin, or the insulating material and the case are made of resin. Needless to say, a dry type smoothing capacitor has exactly the same effect.

  It has a smoothing capacitor and a switching element, and can be widely applied to a power conversion device installed and used under the floor of a vehicle.

It is a circuit diagram of the power converter device by Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a side view which shows the state which has arrange | positioned the power converter device by Embodiment 1 of this invention under the floor of a rail vehicle. It is a block diagram of the power converter device by Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is the perspective view seen from the arrow direction of FIG. It is an arrangement | positioning side view which shows another form of the power converter device by Embodiment 1. FIG. It is a perspective view of the power converter device of FIG. It is a circuit diagram of the power converter device by Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a perspective view of the power converter device by Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows another form of the power converter device by Embodiment 2. FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,1A-1C, 15 Smoothing capacitor 2,2A-2C, 3,3A-3C Switching element 4 Car body 5 Box 5a Side opening 5b Bottom opening 6,16 Electrode terminal 7 Cooler 13, 13A-13C, 19 Switching unit 11, 11A-11C, 14, 14A-14C, 18, 20 Busbar.

Claims (4)

In a power converter for a railway vehicle used by being attached to a box provided under the floor of the railway vehicle,
A plurality of dry type smoothing capacitors fixed inside the box,
A plurality of series circuits in which two or more switching elements are connected in series and connected in parallel to each of the smoothing capacitors, a cooler that cools the switching elements, and a bus bar that connects the series circuits and the smoothing capacitors. A switching unit having
The switching unit is inserted into the box from the opening on the side of the box and is attached to the box so that the cooler side is exposed to the outside of the box, and the bus bar and the electrode terminal of the smoothing capacitor are connected to each other. A power converter for a railway vehicle, characterized in that it is connected in the vicinity of the lower surface of the box, and the attaching / detaching operation of the connected portion can be performed from the opening on the bottom surface of the box. In a power converter for a railway vehicle used by being attached to a box provided under the floor of the railway vehicle,
A dry type smoothing capacitor fixed inside the box,
A switching circuit in which two or more switching elements connected in series are connected in parallel and connected in parallel to the smoothing capacitor, a cooler for cooling the switching element, the switching circuit and the smoothing capacitor. A switching unit having a bus bar to be connected,
The switching unit is inserted into the box from the opening on the side of the box and is attached to the box so that the cooler side is exposed to the outside of the box, and the bus bar and the electrode terminal of the smoothing capacitor are connected to each other. A power converter for a railway vehicle, characterized in that it is connected in the vicinity of the lower surface in the box, and the attaching / detaching operation of the connected portion can be performed from the opening on the bottom surface of the box.   The railroad car power converter according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the smoothing capacitor is arranged with the electrode terminal facing downward toward the bottom surface of the box.   3. The power converter for a railway vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the smoothing capacitor is disposed laterally with the electrode terminal facing a side surface of the box on the switching unit mounting side. 4. .

Images