JP2006242359A - Rotation transmission device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a compact and light-weight rotation transmission device having short length in the axial direction. <P>SOLUTION: A cam face 8 is provided at the outer periphery of a large diameter part 2 of a first shaft 1, a cylindrical face 7 is formed at the inner periphery of an outer ring 3 provided on an outer side of the large diameter part 2, and a roller 9 like a disc assembled in between the cylindrical face 7 and the cam face 8 is stored in a pocket 11 provided on one face of a retainer 10 made of a magnetic substance. The retainer 10 is elastically held at a neutral position where a switch spring 13 is assembled in between the retainer 10 and the large diameter part 2 and engagement of the roller 9 is released. A rotor 18 is pressed into an opening end part of the outer ring 3, and an electromagnet 22 opposes to the rotor 18. The retainer 10 is attracted on the rotor 18 by carrying current into an electromagnetic coil 22a of the electromagnet 22, and the roller 9 is engaged with the cylindrical face 7 and the cam face 8 by relative rotation of the retainer 10 and the first shaft 1 to transmit rotation of the first shaft 1 to the outer ring 3. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a rotation transmission device used for switching between power transmission and cutoff.

  As this type of rotation transmission device, one described in Patent Document 1 has been conventionally known. In this rotation transmission device, an outer ring that covers the large-diameter portion is provided outside the input shaft having the large-diameter portion, a two-way clutch is incorporated between the outer ring and the large-diameter portion, and the two-way clutch is turned on / off. Is controlled by an electromagnetic clutch.

  Here, the two-way clutch forms a cylindrical surface on the inner periphery of the outer ring, and a cam surface is formed on the outer periphery of the large-diameter portion. The roller assembled between the cam surface and the cylindrical surface is held by a retainer assembled between the outer ring and the large diameter portion, and the spring force of the switch spring is applied to the retainer so that the roller The retainer is elastically held in a neutral position where the engagement with the cylindrical surface is released.

  On the other hand, the electromagnetic clutch is an armature that is supported by the cage of the two-way clutch and supported so as to be movable in the axial direction, a rotor that is supported by the outer ring and is opposed to the armature in the axial direction, and the rotor An electromagnet opposing in the axial direction, the armature is attracted to the rotor by energizing the electromagnetic coil of the electromagnet, and the input shaft and the cage are rotated relative to each other by the frictional resistance acting on the attracting surface, so that the roller is The cam surface is engaged.

In the above rotation transmission device, since the two-way clutch incorporated between the outer ring and the large-diameter portion of the input shaft is a mechanical type two-way clutch having a roller as an engagement element, torque transmission and interruption are performed by an electromagnetic clutch. The torque capacity is larger than that of a rotation transmission device that switches between the two.
JP-A-10-59011

  By the way, in the conventional rotation transmission device, since the mechanical type two-way clutch and the electromagnetic clutch for controlling on / off of the two-way clutch are arranged in parallel in the axial direction, the number of parts is large. The axial length of the transmission device is long and heavy, and may not be used due to size restrictions depending on the application. There are still points to be improved in order to reduce the size and weight. It was.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a small, compact and lightweight rotation transmission device having a short axial length and a small number of parts.

  In order to solve the above problems, in the present invention, the inner member, the outer member provided outside the inner member, and the outer periphery of the inner member and the inner periphery of the outer member are incorporated. The cage is housed in a radially extending groove-shaped pocket formed on one side surface of the cage, and the cage is coupled to one of the inner member and the outer member to rotate relative to the other. Engagement elements that sometimes engage the outer periphery of the inner member and the inner periphery of the outer member, and the cage in a neutral position where the engagement element is disengaged from the inner periphery of the outer member and the outer periphery of the inner member A switch spring that elastically holds the rotor, a rotor that is attached to the inner member or the outer member and faces the pocket forming surface of the cage in the axial direction, and is supported by a stationary member and faces the rotor in the axial direction. An electromagnet, and at least one of the engagement element and the cage is Formed by sexual material than employing the configuration so as to be attracted to the rotor when current is applied to the electromagnetic coil of the electromagnet.

  Here, the engagement element may be a roller or a sprag. When a roller is used as an engagement element, a cylindrical surface is formed on one of the inner periphery of the outer member and the outer periphery of the inner member, and a wedge-shaped space whose both ends in the circumferential direction are narrow between the cylindrical surface and the other. A cam surface to be formed is provided, and a roller is assembled between the cam surface and the cylindrical surface.

  On the other hand, when a sprag is used as an engagement element, a cylindrical surface is formed on the inner periphery of the outer member and the outer periphery of the inner member, and the sprag is assembled between the opposing cylindrical surfaces, and the cage that holds the sprag is formed into a diameter. The two split cages are fixed to the inner member or the outer member, and the elastic force of the switch spring is applied to the other split cage, so that the sprag is fixed to the cylindrical surface. Hold in neutral position to be disengaged.

  In the rotation transmission device according to the present invention, when the engagement element is a nonmagnetic material, the cage is a magnetic material. On the other hand, when the engaging element is a magnetic body, the cage is a magnetic body or a non-magnetic body.

  In the case of an engagement element made of a non-magnetic material, the cost can be reduced by making the engagement element a molded product of aluminum or synthetic resin.

  In the case of an engaging element made of a magnetic body, the cost can be reduced in the same manner as described above by using the engaging element as a press-molded product.

  In the rotation transmission device according to the present invention, the outer member and the inner member may input rotational torque. For example, in the use of inputting rotational torque to the inner member, when the energization of the electromagnetic coil of the electromagnet is interrupted, the engaging element is engaged with the inner periphery of the outer member and the outer periphery of the inner member by the elastic force of the switch spring. Since it is held at the neutral position to be released, the rotational torque input to the inner member is not transmitted to the outer member, and only the inner member rotates freely.

  When the electromagnetic coil of the electromagnet is energized, the engaging element or the cage is attracted to the rotor. At this time, if the rotor is attached to the outer member, the engaging member and the retainer are connected to the outer member, the inner member, the engaging member, and the retainer rotate relative to each other, and the engaging member is wedged by the relative rotation. The inner space of the outer member is engaged with the inner periphery of the outer member and the outer periphery of the inner member. By the engagement, the rotation of the inner member is transmitted to the outer member.

  On the other hand, when the rotor is attached to the inner member, the engaging member and the retainer are connected to the inner member, and the outer member, the engaging member and the retainer rotate relative to each other, and the engaging member becomes wedge-shaped by the relative rotation. It is pushed into the narrow part of the space and engages with the inner periphery of the inner member and the outer periphery of the outer member. By the engagement, the rotation of the inner member is transmitted to the outer member.

  The switch spring is elastically deformed by the relative rotation of the engaging member and the cage with respect to the inner member or the outer member. For this reason, when the energization of the electromagnetic coil of the electromagnet is interrupted, the engagement spring and the retainer are returned to the neutral position where the engagement is released by the restoring elasticity of the switch spring, and transmission of the rotational torque of the outer member from the inner member is interrupted. Is done.

  Here, when the rotation transmission device is used under lubrication such as oil or grease, the cage is held in the attracted state by the viscosity of the lubricant interposed between the rotor and the cage, resulting in malfunction. there is a possibility. In order to prevent the occurrence of the malfunction, it is preferable to incorporate a separation spring between the opposing surfaces of the rotor and the cage to bias the cage in a direction away from the rotor. In this case, the axial length can be reduced by providing the rotor with a recess that accommodates a part of the separation spring.

  As described above, in the present invention, since the engaging element engages and disengages with respect to the inner periphery of the outer member and the outer periphery of the inner member by energization and interruption of the electromagnetic coil of the electromagnet, Rotational torque can be transmitted and cut off between the inner members.

  Further, since the rotational torque is transmitted via the engagement element, a rotation transmission device having a large torque capacity can be obtained. Furthermore, the cage and rotor that hold the engagement element are arranged opposite to each other in the axial direction, and the electromagnet is arranged opposite to the rotor in the axial direction. This is a simple configuration with a small number of parts and a small axial length. A compact and lightweight electromagnetic rotation transmission device can be obtained.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 to 4 show a first embodiment of a rotation transmission device according to the present invention.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 (I) and (II), the first shaft 1 as an inward member has a large diameter portion 2 at the shaft end, and covers the large diameter portion 2 as an outer member. An outer ring 3 is provided.

  The outer ring 3 has an end plate 4 on which a second shaft 5 is provided. The outer ring 3 is arranged coaxially with the first shaft 1, and the outer ring 3 and the first shaft 1 are relatively rotatable by a bearing 6 provided at the shaft end of the first shaft 1. .

  A cylindrical surface 7 is formed on the inner periphery of the outer ring 3, while a circumferentially narrow wedge-shaped space is formed on the outer periphery of the large-diameter portion 2 of the first shaft 1 with the cylindrical surface 7. A plurality of cam surfaces 8 are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.

  A roller 9 as an engaging member is incorporated between the cylindrical surface 7 and each cam surface 8. The roller 9 has a disk shape. Since this roller 9 transmits rotational torque between the first shaft 1 and the outer ring 3 by engaging the cylindrical surface 7 of the outer ring 3 and the cam surface 8 of the large diameter portion 2, depending on the magnitude of the transmitted torque. The material is determined appropriately.

  For example, when a large torque is transmitted, a high hardness is required, and therefore, it is formed of a magnetic material such as iron. At this time, the roller 9 may be formed by cutting. Or you may form by press punching.

  On the other hand, when transmitting a small torque, the roller 9 may be formed of a nonmagnetic material such as aluminum or synthetic resin. In this case, since the roller 9 can be formed by molding, a low-cost roller 9 can be obtained.

  The roller 9 is held by a cage 10 incorporated between the large diameter portion 2 and the outer ring 3. The cage 10 has a plurality of groove-like pockets 11 extending in the radial direction on one side, and the width of the pocket 11 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the roller 9, and the roller 9 is accommodated in the pocket 11 and has a radius. It can be moved in any direction.

  The cage 10 determines the material according to the material of the roller 9. For example, when the roller 9 is made of a magnetic material, it may be formed of a magnetic material such as iron, or may be formed of a non-magnetic material. When the roller 9 is made of a nonmagnetic material, it is made of a magnetic material. In the embodiment, the cage 10 is formed of a magnetic material.

  The large-diameter portion 2 has a spring housing recess 12 formed on one side surface of the first shaft 1 on the shaft end side, and a switch spring 13 is incorporated in the spring housing recess 12.

  The switch spring 13 has a C shape, and a pair of pressing pieces 13a are provided outward at both ends thereof. The pair of pressing pieces 13 a is inserted into a notch 15 provided in the retainer 10 from a notch 14 formed in the peripheral wall of the spring housing recess 12, and end faces that face the notch 14 and the notch 15 in the circumferential direction. The roller 9 is elastically held at a neutral position where the roller 9 is disengaged from the cylindrical surface 7 and the cam surface 8 by the pressing.

  An annular stopper plate 16 is fitted to the shaft end portion of the first shaft 1, and the stopper plate 16 abuts on one side surface of the large-diameter portion 2 by a retaining ring 17 attached to the shaft end portion of the first shaft 1. It is held in the state to do. The stopper plate 16 closes the opening of the spring housing recess 12 and prevents the switch spring 13 from coming out of the opening of the spring housing recess 12. The stopper plate 16 limits the amount of separation of the cage 10 from the rotor 18 described later. The amount of separation is equal to or less than the thickness of the roller 9.

  A rotor 18 made of a magnetic material is provided on the other side of the cage 10. The rotor 18 has cylindrical portions 18 a and 18 b facing in the same direction on the outer periphery and the inner periphery, and the outer cylindrical portion 18 a is press-fitted into the opening end portion of the outer ring 3 and integrated with the outer ring 3.

  Here, when the outer ring 3 is made of a magnetic material, a cylindrical rotor guide made of a non-magnetic material is connected to the opening end of the outer ring 3, and the outer cylindrical portion 18a of the rotor 18 is press-fitted into the rotor guide. Magnetic leakage from the rotor 18 to the outer ring 3 may be prevented.

  The inner cylindrical portion 18 b of the rotor 18 is rotatably supported by a bearing 19 provided outside the first shaft 1.

  An annular recess 20 is formed on the surface of the rotor 18 facing the retainer 10, and a separation spring 21 incorporated in the recess 20 urges the retainer 10 in a direction away from the rotor 18.

  An electromagnet 22 is incorporated between the outer cylindrical portion 18 a and the inner cylindrical portion 18 b of the rotor 18. The electromagnet 22 includes an electromagnetic coil 22a and a core 22b that supports the electromagnetic coil 22a. The core 22b is supported by a stationary member 23 and is fixedly arranged.

  The rotation transmission device shown in the first embodiment has the above-described structure, and FIGS. 1 (I), (II) and FIG. 2 show a cut-off state of energization of the electromagnet 22 to the electromagnetic coil 22a. It is separated from the rotor 18 by the pressure of 21. Further, the engaging element 9 is held at the neutral position where the engagement with the cylindrical surface 7 and the cam surface 8 is released by the elastic force of the switch spring 13.

  For this reason, even if rotational torque is input to the first shaft 1 and the first shaft 1 rotates, the rotation is not transmitted to the outer ring 3 and only the first shaft 1 rotates freely.

  When the electromagnetic coil 22a of the electromagnet 22 is energized in the rotating state of the first shaft 1, a magnetic circuit a is formed between the core 22b, the rotor 18 and the cage 10 as shown by a one-dot chain line in FIG. The cage 10 is adsorbed by 18, and the cage 10 is coupled to the outer ring 3 through the rotor 18.

  Therefore, the first shaft 1 and the cage 10 rotate relative to each other, and the roller 9 engages with the cylindrical surface 7 of the outer ring 3 and the cam surface 8 of the large diameter portion 2 by the relative rotation as shown in FIG. Therefore, the rotation of the first shaft 1 is transmitted to the outer ring 3 via the roller 9, and the outer ring 3 rotates in the same direction as the first shaft 1.

  Further, when the first shaft 1 and the cage 10 are rotated relative to each other, the switch spring 13 is elastically deformed. For this reason, when the energization of the electromagnet 22 to the electromagnetic coil 22a is interrupted, the cage 10 is rotated by the restoring elasticity of the switch spring 13, and the roller 9 has a cylindrical surface 7 and a cam surface 8 as shown in FIG. , The torque transmission from the first shaft 1 to the outer ring 3 is interrupted.

  Thus, in the rotation transmission device shown in the first embodiment, since the roller 9 can be engaged and disengaged by energizing and shutting off the electromagnetic coil 22a, the rotation between the first shaft 1 and the outer ring 3 is possible. It is possible to realize a rotation transmission device that transmits and interrupts rotation torque between them.

  In addition, since the cage 10 has two functions of holding the roller 9 and functioning as an armature of the electromagnetic clutch, the number of parts can be reduced, and the inside of the electromagnetic clutch of the conventional rotation transmission device can be reduced. In addition, since the two-way clutch roller 9 is incorporated, a small, compact and lightweight rotation transmission device having a short axial length can be obtained.

  When the cage 10 is made of a non-magnetic material, the roller 9 is formed of a magnetic material. Therefore, when the electromagnetic coil 22a is energized, the roller 9 is attracted to the rotor 18 and is held by the outer ring 3 via the roller 9. The vessel 10 can be coupled. For this reason, the cage 10 can be rotated relative to the first shaft 1, and the roller 9 can be engaged with the cylindrical surface 7 and the cam surface 8. Further, since the switch spring 13 can be elastically deformed by the relative rotation of the cage 10 with respect to the first shaft 1, the roller 9 is disengaged by the restoring elasticity of the switch spring 13 when the energization of the electromagnetic coil 22a is interrupted. It can be returned to the neutral position.

  Therefore, even when the cage 10 is made of a nonmagnetic material, the same operation as described above can be performed, and the rotation transmission device can be further reduced in weight because the cage 10 can be formed of synthetic resin or aluminum. it can.

  5 (I) and 5 (II) show a second embodiment of the rotation transmission device according to the present invention. In this embodiment, a cam surface 24 is provided on the inner periphery of the outer ring 3, and a cylindrical surface 25 is formed on the outer periphery of the large diameter portion 2. In this case, the inner cylindrical portion 18 b of the rotor 18 is press-fitted into the first shaft 1, the rotor 18 is fixed to the first shaft 1, and the outer cylindrical portion 18 a of the rotor 18 is incorporated in the opening end portion of the outer ring 3. 16 is rotatably supported.

  Further, a pair of pressing pieces 13 a provided at both ends of the switch spring 13 is inserted from a notch 27 formed by the retainer 10 into a notch portion 28 formed on the inner periphery of the outer ring 3, and the notch 27 Further, the opposite end surfaces in the circumferential direction of the notch portion 28 are pressed in opposite directions, and the roller 10 is elastically held in a neutral position where the roller 9 is disengaged from the cam surface 24 and the cylindrical surface 25 by the pressing. .

  Since other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

  Moreover, since an effect | action and an effect are the same as 1st Embodiment, description is abbreviate | omitted.

  6 (I) and 6 (II) show a third embodiment of the rotation transmission device according to the present invention. In the third embodiment, the outer periphery of the large-diameter portion 2 and the inner periphery of the outer ring 3 are cylindrical surfaces 29, 30, and a sprag 31 as an engagement element is incorporated between the cylindrical surfaces 29, 30.

  Here, the sprag 31 is made of a plate, has a low height in the standing state, and gradually increases in height by rotating around the center of gravity, and arc-shaped surfaces 31 a and 31 b provided at both ends are formed on the cylindrical surfaces 29 and 30. It is designed to engage. In addition, the arcuate surfaces 31 a and 31 b at both ends in the standing state are in a neutral position where they are not engaged with the cylindrical surfaces 29 and 30.

  Further, the cage 10 is divided into two cages 10a and 10b having different diameters, the small-diameter side divided cage 10b is fixed to the large-diameter portion 2, and the large-diameter side with respect to the small-diameter cage 10b. The split cage 10a is rotatable.

  Further, the pressing pieces 13a at both ends of the switch spring 13 are inserted from the notches 32 formed in the small-diameter split retainer 10b into the notches 33 provided in the large-diameter split retainer 10a. And the end face which opposes in the circumferential direction of the notch part 33 is pressed in the opposite direction, and the split cage 10a on the large diameter side is placed at a neutral position where the sprag 31 is disengaged from the cylindrical surfaces 29 and 30 by the pressing. Holds elastic.

  Since other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

  In the rotation transmission device shown in the third embodiment, when the energization of the electromagnetic coil 22a is interrupted, the sprag 31 is in a neutral position where the sprag 31 is disengaged from the cylindrical surfaces 29 and 30 as shown in FIG. 6 (II). Is held in. For this reason, even if rotational torque is input to the first shaft 1 and rotates, the rotation is not transmitted to the outer ring 3 and the first shaft 1 rotates freely.

  In a state where the first shaft 1 rotates in the direction indicated by the arrow in FIG. 6 (II), when the electromagnetic coil 22a is energized, the large-diameter split cage 10a is attracted to the rotor 18 and fixed to the first shaft 1. The small-diameter-side split cage 10b and the large-diameter-side split cage 10a rotate relative to each other, and the relative rotation causes the sprag 31 to rotate around the center of gravity and tilt, as shown in FIG. 31 b engages with the cylindrical surfaces 29 and 30. Due to the engagement, the rotation of the first shaft 1 is transmitted to the outer ring 3 via the sprag 31, and the outer ring 3 rotates in the same direction as the first shaft 1.

  Further, the switch spring 13 is elastically deformed by the relative rotation of the small-diameter side split cage 10b and the large-diameter side split cage 10a. For this reason, when the energization to the electromagnetic coil 22a is cut off, the split cage 10a on the large diameter side is rotated by the restoring elasticity of the switch spring 13, and the sprags 31 are formed on the cylindrical surfaces 29 and 30 as shown in FIG. On the other hand, it is returned to the neutral position where the engagement is released, and transmission of the rotational torque from the first shaft 1 to the outer ring 3 is interrupted.

  Also in the third embodiment, as in the first embodiment, a small, compact and lightweight rotation transmission device having a short axial length can be obtained.

  In the third embodiment, the same effect can be obtained by fixing the large diameter split cage 10a to the outer ring 3 and locking the switch spring 13 by rotating the small diameter split cage 10b. In that case, the rotor and the shaft are fixed.

(I) is a longitudinal front view showing a first embodiment of the rotation transmission device according to the present invention, (II) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II of (I) Sectional drawing which expands and shows the rotor site | part of FIG. 1 (I) Sectional drawing which shows the adsorption state of a cage Longitudinal side view showing roller engagement (I) is a longitudinal sectional front view showing a second embodiment of the rotation transmission device according to the present invention, and (II) is a sectional view taken along the line of (I). (I) is a longitudinal front view showing a third embodiment of the rotation transmission device according to the present invention, and (II) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line ha of (I). FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an engaged state of a sprag of the rotation transmission device shown in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1 First shaft (inner member)
3 Outer ring (outer member)
7 Cylindrical surface 8 Cam surface 9 Roller (engagement element)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Cage 10a Large diameter side division cage 10b Small diameter side division cage 11 Pocket 13 Switch spring 18 Rotor 20 Depression 21 Separation spring 22 Electromagnet 22a Electromagnetic coil 23 Static member 24 Cam surface 25 Cylindrical surface 29 Cylindrical surface 30 Cylindrical surface 31 Sprag (engagement element)

Claims (9)

  An inner member, an outer member provided on the outer side of the inner member, a cage assembled between the outer circumference of the inner member and the inner circumference of the outer member, and formed on one side of the cage The cage is accommodated in a radially extending groove-like pocket, and the retainer is coupled to one of the inner member and the outer member, and is rotated on the outer periphery of the inner member and the inner periphery of the outer member when rotating relative to the other. An engaging member, a switch spring that elastically holds the cage in a neutral position where the engaging member is disengaged from the inner periphery of the outer member and the outer periphery of the inner member, and the inner member or the outer member. A rotor attached to the side member and facing the pocket forming surface of the cage in the axial direction, and an electromagnet supported by the stationary member and facing the rotor in the axial direction, and at least one of the engagement element and the cage Made of magnetic material and energizing the electromagnetic coil of the electromagnet Rotation transmission apparatus that is attracted to the rotor.   The engagement element is formed of a disk-shaped roller, and one of the outer periphery of the inner member and the inner periphery of the outer member is a cylindrical surface, and the other end is narrow wedge between the cylindrical surfaces. The rotation transmission device according to claim 1, wherein the rotation surface is a cam surface that forms a shaped space.   The engagement element is formed of a sprag, the outer periphery of the inner member and the inner periphery of the outer member are respectively cylindrical surfaces, and the cage is divided into two cages having different diameters, and one of the divided cages The rotation transmission device according to claim 1, wherein the second split cage is elastically held at a neutral position by the switch spring.   The rotation transmission device according to claim 1, wherein the engagement element is made of a non-magnetic material, and the cage is made of a magnetic material.   The rotation transmission device according to claim 4, wherein the engagement element is formed of a molded product of aluminum or synthetic resin.   The rotation transmission device according to claim 1, wherein the engagement element is made of a magnetic material, and the cage is made of a non-magnetic material.   The rotation transmission device according to claim 6, wherein the engagement element is formed of a press-molded product.   The rotation transmission device according to claim 1, further comprising a separation spring that urges the cage in a direction away from the rotor.   The rotation transmission device according to claim 8, wherein the rotor is provided with a recess that accommodates a part of the separation spring.

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