JP2006229453A - Program presentation system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for presenting new program contents for reflecting the reaction of viewers of programs regardless of the intention of a program production side. <P>SOLUTION: A program presentation system 1 comprises a program providing server 2, a device 3 for viewers, and a viewer information server 4. Reaction from the viewers synchronously with program distribution is stored in a database DB2 as reaction data. A position on data, where the reaction data are indicated, and a position on program data are corrected by a position correction means M1 for storing in a reaction database DB3 after correction. The index data of a program corresponding to the request of the viewers is acquired by an index acquisition means M3. After that, the distributed program data are acquired from the program database that stores the distributed program data. The program data are reproduced in an embodiment following the index data in a reproduction machine 31 of the device 3 for viewers. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a computer system that provides program content based on a viewer's viewpoint.

  In recent years, while multi-channel broadcasting has been progressing in various places, the performance improvement of recording devices such as HDDs and the increase in storage capacity have also progressed dramatically, and in the near future hundreds of channels will be broadcast regardless of the region. It is expected that programs can be recorded (recorded and recorded) and stored on a monthly or yearly basis. Along with this, it is considered that viewing styles such as viewing broadcast programs not only “lively” but also viewing recorded broadcast programs later according to necessity or interest become common.

However, even if the number of recorded / accumulated programs increases, there is a physical limit to the time that humans can actually view the program, so the viewer needs or is interested in a huge amount of program data. It is important to have a mechanism that provides a variety of viewing methods, such as efficiently searching for programs and parts of programs, easily understanding the outline of program contents, and viewing only the highlights instead of the entire program. . An example of a basic technique for realizing such a mechanism is video indexing. Conventionally, as a video indexing method, the importance of a scene is determined using multi-modal features such as colors and textures in moving images, camera operation, human face characteristics, subtitle text, sound type and volume, etc. Various techniques such as a selection method (for example, see Non-Patent Document 1) have been proposed.
Smith, M., Kanade, T., "Video Skimming and Characterization through the Combination of Image and Language Understanding Techniques," (USA), CVPR (CVPR), 1997

  However, since the data used in such a conventional indexing method consists only of information provided from the broadcast program distribution side (broadcast station), the indexed information is basically a program. It can be said that it reflects the intentions of the creator / distributor. Therefore, until now, there has been no concept of incorporating the viewer's viewpoint and reaction into contents such as scene search, quick viewing of contents, and digest viewing.

  On the other hand, attention to “program live chat” has been increasing in recent years. The program live chat is a system in which viewers of a TV program gather in a chat community on the Internet, write in real time what they feel about the content of the TV program, and enjoy a simulated conversation. The user of the program live chat can enjoy a sense of unity by sharing a pseudo emotion with other viewers by chatting in parallel with the TV program. That is, the program live chat can be considered as a data group in which viewpoints and reactions of program viewers are accumulated.

  Accordingly, the present invention solves the problems of the prior art that have been limited to providing program content based on the one-way intention of the program creator and distributor, and reflects the various reactions of viewers to the program. The main purpose is to enable the provision of

  In order to achieve the above object, a program presentation system 1 according to the present invention is a program used to provide a program in which any one or a combination of characters, audio, video, and images is configured in time series. The system includes at least a providing server 2, a viewer device 3 used by viewers of the program, and a viewer information server 4 that processes information related to the program and the viewer (see FIG. 1). Here, the program providing server 2 stores a program identifier assigned to each program, program data which is time series data of the program, and in-program position data representing a position on the program data in association with each other. The viewer apparatus 3 has a playback device 31 that can play back program data. The viewer information server 4 stores the program identification information associated with the program identifier, the viewer. Reaction data indicating reaction to the program by one or more viewers other than the viewer or one or more viewers including the viewer, and reaction recording position data representing a position on the data where the reaction data is recorded are stored in association with each other. The viewer information database DB2 is managed. Then, either one or both of the viewer device 3 and the viewer information server 4 correspond to the program identifier and the program identification information associated with each other, and the reaction recording position data, the in-program position data, Position correction means M1 to be associated with the correction, either one or both of the program identifier and the program identification information, the corrected response recording position data after correction, or the corrected position data within the program, or correction thereof Corrected position data composed of any one of the common position data generated from both the subsequent position data and the corrected reaction data stored in the corrected reaction database DB3 in association with at least the reaction data corresponding to the corrected position data Storage means M2 is provided. Furthermore, the viewer apparatus 3 sends an index request for specifying one or both of the program identifier and the program identification information, information on the reaction data, and the corrected position data alone or in combination to the corrected reaction database DB3. Index obtaining means M3 for obtaining index data configured in response to the index request and program presentation means M4 for obtaining program data from the program database DB1 according to the obtained index data and causing the playback device 31 to reproduce the program data. ing.

  Here, the “program” used in the present invention is one in which any one or a combination of characters, audio, video, and images is configured in time series as described above. For example, a TV program or a radio program is used. A teletext program can be exemplified. Such programs include not only those that are delivered and broadcasted in real time, but also those that are in the form of, for example, an on-demand delivery program that is delivered in response to a viewer's request. That is, in the present invention, not only a mode in which the viewer views the program in real time but also a mode in which the program recorded when provided is viewed later is assumed.

  The program providing server 2 can be installed at various levels such as a program broadcasting station, a program distribution company, a rental video shop, and a home HD (hard disk) recorder, and the viewer information server 4 is also installed on the Internet, for example. It can be installed at various levels such as in a WEB site, in a home HD recorder. The program providing server 2, the viewer device 3, and the viewer information server 4 have functions capable of communicating information with each other via a communication network such as the Internet. The program database DB1 is managed by the program providing server 2, the viewer information database DB2 is managed by the viewer information server 4, and the corrected reaction database DB3 is either the viewer device 3 or the viewer information server 4, or Although both are managed by the corrected reaction data storage means M2 possessed by both, each database does not necessarily have to be possessed by the server or device that is the management entity of them, and is arranged separately from these servers and devices. It is only necessary to be managed and controlled by a DBMS (database management system) or the like over the network. In the viewer information database DB2, reactions (emotions and echoes) to programs by one or more viewers are converted into data and stored as reaction data. The viewer can use the viewer apparatus 3 or other devices. By using the viewer information server 4, it is possible to register reaction data related to the user's own reaction. Here, as the reaction data, a simple signal, character string, sound, image, or the like can be used. Furthermore, the “information about reaction data” that can be included in the index request transmitted to the corrected reaction database DB3 by the index acquisition means M3 of the viewer apparatus 3 does not have to be the reaction data itself, and the reaction data is organized. -Information obtained by analysis or the like may be used.

  By using such a program presentation system 1 of the present invention, a certain viewer does not simply view the program, but also grasps other viewers' reactions to the program he / she wants to view. The program can be watched. In particular, depending on the index request method and the contents of the index data acquired by the viewer device 3 according to the index request, not only the program is viewed in order from the start position, but also, for example, only a scene with a large response is picked up and viewed, Even when watching from the start position, you can watch the degree and type of reaction for each scene together with the program, or watch only programs that have a specific reaction among programs of a certain category (genre, weekly, monthly, etc.) It is possible to view a program that involves the viewpoints of other viewers, such as viewing a combination of these viewing modes as appropriate. In other words, the present invention creates a new program presentation form that reflects the viewer's viewpoint regardless of the intention of the program provider.

  In addition to the configuration of the program presentation system 1 as described above, as shown in FIG. 2, the viewer apparatus 3 is provided with an input device 32 used for inputting a reaction to the program by the viewer. By receiving and storing the response data input to the input device 32 in the response data stored in the information database DB2, the viewer can react to his / her program when another viewer views the program. It can be reflected. Here, the input device 32 is capable of inputting characters (including numbers and symbols) like a keyboard, and pressing one or more buttons (including a click operation with a mouse or touching a screen such as a touch panel). Various things such as those that can be adopted can be adopted.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, the position correction means M1 generates a reaction start position data corresponding to the time point when the viewer is estimated to have reacted based on the reaction recording position data and the reaction data. Position correction means M11 can be provided. In this way, it is possible to almost accurately specify which scene of the program the viewer has responded to.

  Particularly in this case, if the reaction data is composed of character strings, the reaction position correcting means M11 subtracts a correction value obtained by multiplying the number of characters of the reaction data by a predetermined constant from the reaction recording position data. It is preferable to generate reaction start position data.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, the position correcting means M1 can be provided with an in-program position correcting means M12 for correcting the in-program position data with the start position of the program data as a base point. For example, when a program being broadcast is recorded in real time, arbitrary position data in the program can be obtained by correcting by subtracting the broadcast start position (for example, a position along the time axis) and already recorded. Arbitrary position data in the program can be obtained by correcting the recording start position as a base point.

  As described above, the index request includes information obtained by organizing / analyzing reaction data and information obtained by various combinations of corrected position data, in addition to the program identifier, program identification information, and reaction data itself. However, the index data obtained in response to such an index request includes, for example, a program based on the number of entries of reaction data measured for each predetermined unit position consisting of a set of position data corrected by the position correction means M1. Can be included. Thereby, the reverberation frequency at an arbitrary unit position of the program can be reflected when the program is presented.

  Further, when the response data includes a character string, the index data may include the viewer's emotion level obtained by analyzing a specific character string extracted from the response data. As a result, not only the reverberation frequency based on the number of entries in the response data described above but also the specific reaction of the viewer can be reflected when the program is presented. The analysis of the specific character string can include a measurement result of the number of appearances of the character string measured for each predetermined unit position made up of a set of corrected position data. That is, it is possible to present the viewer's specific reaction, for example, how many viewers are shown per unit position such as “joy”, “anger”, and “sorrow”. In particular, extraction of a specific character string from the reaction data can be executed by pattern matching or machine learning alone or in combination. For example, in the case where the viewer information server 4 uses a community site on the Internet such as the above-mentioned “program live chat”, a characteristic that can be used as a specific character string is ASCII art. Can do. Of course, it is also possible to use a natural language expression representing emotion as a specific character string. The reaction data extraction, the index request, and the index data can be appropriately combined with various aspects as described above.

  Further, the viewer information database can store either one or both of a viewer identifier for identifying a viewer who entered the reaction data and profile data representing an attribute of the viewer. In this case, by including a viewer identifier and profile data in the index data, program presentation based on a reaction (viewpoint) of a specific viewer or program presentation based on a set of viewers having a certain profile (attribute) can be performed. It becomes possible.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the form of the new program provision which took in the reaction (viewpoint and viewpoint) of the other viewer with respect to the viewer of a program can be created. In addition, by applying the present invention to browsers in the field of communication broadcasting and ubiquitous environments, for example, on various devices capable of reproducing program content such as personal computers, televisions, radios, mobile terminals, ubiquitous terminals, wearable devices, etc. It is possible to browse the program contents reflecting the viewer's reaction without being caught by the uniform program presentation form by the provider or the producer.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  The present embodiment shows an example of a program presentation system 1 when television program distribution is applied as a program providing form. FIG. 3 shows a schematic configuration diagram of the program presentation system 1. In the following description and drawings, devices and means having the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 and 2 basically have the same functions.

  First, as a premise, distribution of a television program (hereinafter may be abbreviated as “program” if necessary) is performed in real time from a program distribution station (such as a television station), and many viewers can It is assumed that the program is viewed by the viewer apparatus 3 provided with a television receiver (which includes a device such as a tuner) as one form. In the present embodiment, for ease of explanation, it is assumed that the viewer apparatus 3 employs a personal computer capable of recording / reproducing TV as an example. Further, the program is gradually stored in the program database DB1 through the program providing server 2 simultaneously with the real-time distribution. Here, in the present embodiment, the program providing server 2 and the program database DB1 are managed by the program distribution station, but in addition to this, a third party excluding the program distribution station and the viewer manages it. It is possible to adopt various aspects such as an aspect realized by a device including an HD recorder built in the viewer apparatus 3. In the viewer information server 4, the viewer information database DB2, and the corrected reaction database DB3, “viewers who can watch a program in real time gather on the Internet and describe the reaction to the program as a comment” A live chat server and database are used. That is, the viewer information server 4 and the viewer device 3 are connected to each other through the Internet so that information can be communicated with each other. Can be sent as a comment (data consisting of a character string). In particular, in the present embodiment, it is assumed that the viewer information server 4 has the functions of the position correction unit M1 and the corrected reaction data storage unit M2. Further, the program providing server 2 is also connected to the Internet, and can perform information communication with the viewer apparatus 3 and the viewer information server 4. Each of the databases DB1, DB2, and DB3 may be directly connected to the Internet, but may be configured to be connected to the Internet via the program providing server 2 or the viewer information server 4. Note that it is assumed that the program providing server 2, the viewer device 3, and the viewer information server 4 are all set in time using NTP (Network Time Protocol) or the like. Hereinafter, the flow of use of the program presentation system 1 and the operation of each device will be described in detail.

  First, at the same time when a program is distributed from a distribution device (not shown) of the program distribution station, the program providing server 2 receives the program (FIG. 5, S20), and sets program data that is a substantial part of the program as a program identifier. And in-program position data representing the position on the program data are stored in the program database DB1 (S21). FIG. 4A shows a simplified example of data stored in the program database DB1. In the present embodiment, a position in accordance with the time axis is adopted as “in-program position data”. The program position data includes a program distribution start time, an elapsed time from the start time, and a program end time. It shall be recorded from time to time.

  On the other hand, on the viewer side who views the program during program distribution, the program data is received by the viewer device 3 (FIG. 5, S30), and the program is viewed on the input device 32 while being viewed on the playback device 31. When a reaction (comment) is input for a certain scene (S31), the viewer device 3 transmits the reaction data (comment consisting of character string data) to the viewer information server 4 (S32). When the viewer information server 4 receives the reaction data (FIG. 5, S40), it stores it in the viewer information database DB2 (S41). FIG. 4B shows a simplified example of data stored in the viewer information database. That is, in the viewer information database DB2, the reaction data is associated with the program identification information associated with the program identifier of the program database DB1, and the reaction recording position data corresponding to the time when the reaction data is transmitted, received, or stored. Stored. Although not shown in the drawing, the viewer identifier corresponding to the viewer (or the viewer device 3) that inputs / transmits the reaction data, profile data indicating the attributes of the viewer, and the like are stored in the viewer information database DB2 described above. It can be stored, but it can also be managed by an Internet site or a database different from the viewer information server 4 or the viewer information database DB2, and can be referred to from there if necessary. It is.

  Next, the viewer information server 4 associates the reaction recording position data and the in-program position data by the correction process by the function of the position correction means M1. Specifically, reaction position correction processing is performed by the reaction position correction means M11 (S42). More specifically, the reaction position correction means M11 obtains the position (time) on the data estimated that the reaction by the viewer has been shown as the reaction start position data. As an example of the process applied to this embodiment for that purpose, as shown in FIG. 6, first, the reaction recording time T′v is acquired as the reaction recording position data from the viewer information database DB2 (S420), and then The number of characters 1 in the reaction data is counted (S421), the number of characters 1 is multiplied by a constant α to obtain a correction time Δt (S422), and the reaction start time Tv is corrected as reaction start position data from the reaction recording time T′v. It is obtained by decreasing with time Δt (S423). Here, as the constant α, it is possible to adopt a time that is assumed to be required for the viewer to input one character to the input device 32. On the other hand, the in-program position correcting means M12 performs position correction processing of program data (S43). More specifically, the in-program position correcting means M12 obtains a time (position on the program data corresponding to the time axis) corresponding to the reaction start position data (reaction start time Tv). As an example of processing applied to this embodiment for that purpose, as shown in FIG. 6, first, the program start time is acquired from the program database DB1 (S430), and the reaction start position data (reaction start time) is used as a base point. In-program position data (time) corresponding to (Tv) is specified (S431). As described above, the time (position on the data) at which the viewer views the program and shows a reaction is associated with the time within the program (position on the program data). Here, in the present embodiment, common position data corresponding to the correlated time is generated as “corrected position data” (FIG. 5, S44). Then, the corrected reaction data storage means M2 associates the corrected position data, the program identifier and the program identification information, and the reaction data corresponding to the corrected position data and stores them in the corrected reaction database DB3. FIG. 4C shows a simplified example of data stored in the corrected reaction database DB3.

  Next, when a certain viewer wants to view a program in a manner that includes the viewpoints of other viewers, in the viewer apparatus 3, the index acquisition means M3 functions in response to the operation of the viewer, and program viewing starts. The program viewing condition is set (S34), and an index request is transmitted to the viewer information server 4 according to the condition (S35). On the other hand, the viewer information server 4 obtains reaction data corresponding to the program viewing condition included in the index request from the corrected reaction database DB3 (S46), and transmits it to the viewer apparatus 3 (S47). ). Upon receiving the reaction data and the like, the viewer apparatus 3 generates and acquires index data for viewing the program according to the program viewing conditions described above (S36). Further, in the viewer apparatus 3, the program presenting means M4 functions and makes a program acquisition request to the program providing server 2 according to the index data (S37). When receiving the program acquisition request (S22), the program providing server 2 acquires the corresponding program data from the program database S22 (S23) and transmits it to the viewer apparatus 3 (S24). Upon receiving the program data (S38), the viewer apparatus 3 finally reproduces the program data by the reproducing device 31 corresponding to the index data. This allows the viewer to view the program in a manner that reflects the reactions of other viewers (including myself in some cases).

  Here, the setting from the program viewing condition to the viewing of the program will be described in detail with a specific example. For example, a viewer identifies a program as a program viewing condition (specifies a program identifier or program identification information), and a reaction (comment) by another viewer for each scene in the program (for example, every certain unit time) It is assumed that the reverberation frequency for each scene is set to be viewed as a thumbnail with a typical reaction (comment) in order of broadcast time. That is, this condition is made from the viewer device 3 to the viewer information server 4 as an index request. As a result, data returned from the corrected reaction database DB3 to the viewer device 3 through the viewer information server 4 is, for example, a graph shown in FIG. 7 or a list generated from the graph. In this graph, the time from the start to the end of the program (equivalent to time-series corrected position data corresponding to the time) is set on the horizontal axis, the number of reaction data entries is set on the vertical axis, and the unit corresponding to the unit time The number of entries of reaction data for each frame is plotted. Here, the number of entries itself may be used as the echo level, or a value obtained by applying the number of entries to a predetermined arithmetic expression, a symbol based on the value, or the like may be used. However, the index data indicates that the program data corresponding to the program identifier is presented, the program data is presented in thumbnails in order of broadcast time, the number of entries / resonance for each scene corresponding to the program identification information, It is included that a typical reaction (comment) is presented. FIG. 8 shows an example of how program data is presented according to such index data (an example of a screen displayed on the display of the playback device 31 because the program of this embodiment is a television program).

  Similarly, a viewer identifies a program as a program viewing condition, ranks the scenes in the program together with representative comments in a descending order according to the response (number of entries and the number of echoes based on the viewer) by other viewers. FIG. 9 shows an example of how program data is presented according to the index data when it is set to be viewed at.

  Although not described in detail, in addition to the above, for example, a scene with a large number of entries in the response data (a large number of echoes) is displayed as a larger thumbnail, or reaction data from a specific viewer is extracted using the viewer identifier as a key Then, program data is presented according to the index data based on it, and if the program is a sport broadcast, if it is profile data that is a fan of one team if it is on another site or database, it is obtained and based on the corresponding reaction data It is also possible to present program data according to the index data, or to appropriately combine these presentation modes. Furthermore, if the response data consists of character data (ASCII art or natural text), by incorporating an algorithm that extracts only the response data containing character data representing a specific emotion by pattern matching or machine learning, Only when the program data is presented according to the index data based on the reaction data indicating a specific emotion, or when the viewer simply wants to show a reaction to a certain scene, the ON reaction data is recorded. It is also possible to adopt a mode in which program data is presented according to index data based on the index data.

  As described above, according to the program presentation system 1 of the present embodiment, an unprecedented program content presentation mode according to index data reflecting the viewer's viewpoint in the form of reaction data and reflecting it. Can be realized. In addition, by adopting various devices capable of reproducing program content such as personal computers, televisions, radios, mobile terminals, ubiquitous terminals, wearable devices, etc. as the viewer apparatus 3, new devices in the future communication broadcasting field and ubiquitous environment will be introduced. Open up the possibility of providing new program content.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to embodiment mentioned above, About the specific structure of each part, it is not restricted to the said embodiment. Further, various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention, such as adopting radio broadcasting or text broadcasting as a program.

Schematic configuration diagram showing a basic aspect of a program presentation system according to the present invention Schematic configuration diagram showing the same mode 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a program presentation system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The figure which shows the example of the data which is stored in the database which is adopted in the same system Flow chart schematically showing the operation mode of each device in the system Flow chart showing a part of the operation mode in detail The figure which graphed the example of data showing the number of entries of the reaction data in the same embodiment in time series The figure which shows the example of 1 presentation of the program data in the embodiment The figure which shows the other example of presentation of the program data in the embodiment

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Program presentation system 2 ... Program provision server 3 ... Viewer apparatus 4 ... Viewer information server 31 ... Reproduction machine 32 ... Input machine DB1 ... Program database DB2 ... Viewer information database DB3 ... Corrected reaction database M1 ... Position correction Means M2 ... Post-correction reaction data storage means M3 ... Index acquisition means M4 ... Program presentation means M11 ... Reaction position correction means M12 ... In-program position correction means

Claims (13)

A program providing server used for providing a program in which any one or a combination of characters, sounds, videos, and images is configured in time series, a viewer device used by viewers of the program, and A program presentation system comprising at least a viewer information server for processing information relating to a program and the viewer,
The program providing server manages a program database that stores at least a program identifier assigned to each program, program data that is time series data of the program, and in-program position data representing a position on the program data in association with each other. Is,
The viewer apparatus has a player that can reproduce the program data,
The viewer information server includes program identification information associated with the program identifier, reaction data indicating a response to the program by one or more viewers other than the viewer or one or more viewers including the viewer, and Managing a viewer information database that stores at least associating reaction recording position data representing a position on data where the reaction data is recorded;
Either one or both of the viewer device and the viewer information server correspond to the program identifier and the program identification information associated with each other, and the reaction recording position data and the in-program position data And / or the program identifier or the program identification information, the corrected response recording position data after correction, or the corrected in-program position data or both Alternatively, the corrected position data composed of any one of the common position data generated from both corrected position data and the reaction data corresponding to the corrected position data are stored in the corrected reaction database in association with at least Reaction data storage means,
An index request for the viewer device to specify either or both of the program identifier and the program identification information, information on reaction data, and the corrected position data alone or in combination to the corrected reaction database And index acquisition means for acquiring index data configured in response to the index request, and program presentation means for acquiring program data from the program database according to the acquired index data and causing the player to reproduce the program data. A program presentation system characterized by the above. The viewer apparatus has an input device used for inputting a reaction to a program by the viewer, and the reaction data stored in the viewer information database is a reaction input to the input device. The program presentation system according to claim 1, wherein the program is received and stored. The position correction means includes reaction position correction means for generating reaction start position data corresponding to a time point estimated that a viewer has reacted based on the reaction recording position data and the reaction data. The program presentation system according to claim 1 or 2. The reaction data is composed of character strings, and the reaction position correction means starts the reaction by subtracting a correction value obtained by multiplying the number of characters of the reaction data by a predetermined constant from the reaction recording position data. The program presentation system according to claim 3, which generates position data. 5. The program presentation system according to claim 1, wherein the position correcting unit includes an in-program position correcting unit that corrects the in-program position data based on a start position of the program data. 6. The index data includes an echo frequency for a program based on the number of entries of the response data measured for each predetermined unit position formed of the set of corrected position data. The program presentation system described. When the reaction data includes a character string, the index data includes a viewer's emotion level obtained by analyzing a specific character string extracted from the reaction data. The program presentation system described in Crab. The program presentation system according to claim 7, wherein the analysis of the specific character string includes a measurement result of the number of appearances of the character string measured for each predetermined unit position including the set of corrected position data. The program presentation system according to claim 7 or 8, wherein extraction of a specific character string from the reaction data is performed by pattern matching or machine learning alone or in combination. The program presentation system according to claim 7, wherein the specific character string is ASCII art. The program presentation system according to claim 7, wherein the specific character string is a natural language expression representing emotion. 2. The viewer information database can store either one or both of a viewer identifier for specifying a viewer who has entered the reaction data and profile data representing an attribute of the viewer. The program presentation system in any one of thru | or 11. 13. The program presentation system according to claim 12, wherein the index data includes one or both of the viewer identifier and profile data.

Images