JP2006226982A - Blocking agent - Google Patents

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JP2006226982A
JP2006226982A JP2005078050A JP2005078050A JP2006226982A JP 2006226982 A JP2006226982 A JP 2006226982A JP 2005078050 A JP2005078050 A JP 2005078050A JP 2005078050 A JP2005078050 A JP 2005078050A JP 2006226982 A JP2006226982 A JP 2006226982A
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blocking agent
segment
main chain
enzyme immunoassay
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Yukio Nagasaki
幸夫 長崎
Tomoko Shiromura
友子 城村
Tadahito Takahashi
唯仁 高橋
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TRANS PARENT KK
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a high performance blocking agent for reducing a background in an enzyme immunoreaction, and a measuring method of high sensitivity using the same. <P>SOLUTION: An immunoassay method and the blocking agent more excellent in sensitivity than those in conventional ones, using a block copolymer having a polyethylene glycol (PEG) segment as the blocking agent are provided. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

本発明は、酵素免疫測定おいて用い得る、固相のブロッキング剤ならびに該ブロッキング剤を含む免疫測定方法に関する発明である。  The present invention relates to a solid phase blocking agent that can be used in enzyme immunoassay and an immunoassay method including the blocking agent.

タンパク質や脂質などの生体分子混在下で特定の物質を検出する免疫診断では、共存する物質の固相表面への非特異的吸着がバックグラウンドとして特異的吸着を妨害し、高感度化の妨げとなっている。そのため、免疫測定においては、リガンド特異的に結合する物質以外の物質が免疫反応に使用する固相表面に非特異的に吸着することによる感度の低下を軽減するため、アルブミン、カゼイン、ゼラチン等の水溶性高分子をブロッキング剤として用いることにより、非特異吸着を抑制して、ノイズレベルを低減させている。In immunodiagnostics that detect specific substances in the presence of biomolecules such as proteins and lipids, nonspecific adsorption of coexisting substances on the solid phase surface interferes with specific adsorption as a background, preventing high sensitivity. It has become. Therefore, in immunoassay, in order to reduce the decrease in sensitivity due to non-specific adsorption of substances other than ligand-specific binding substances on the solid phase surface used for immune reaction, such as albumin, casein, gelatin, etc. By using a water-soluble polymer as a blocking agent, non-specific adsorption is suppressed and the noise level is reduced.

しかしながら、従来法によるブロッキング操作を施しても、完全に固相表面への非特異的な吸着を防ぐことは難しく、また、ブロッキング剤への非特異的吸着が無視できないこと、さらに、生体由来のブロッキング剤を用いる場合、免疫グロブリン、ビオチン等の混入により、ブロッキング操作が免疫反応に影響を与え、抗体の動物種や酵素発色系に制限があるることなどから、生体由来ではない高性能のブロッキング剤の開発が望まれている。However, it is difficult to completely prevent non-specific adsorption to the solid phase surface even if the blocking operation by the conventional method is performed, and non-specific adsorption to the blocking agent cannot be ignored. When a blocking agent is used, high-performance blocking that is not derived from living organisms due to the influence of the blocking operation on the immune reaction due to contamination with immunoglobulin, biotin, etc. Development of agents is desired.

従来、上記のような生体由来のタンパク性ブロッキング剤の他に、固相表面にリガンドを結合させた後に、固相表面の余分なタンパク質結合部位にグリコシルエチル(メタ)アクリレート由来のポリマーを付着させて、測定試料中に含まれ得る夾雑タンパク質等の非特異吸着を防止する方法(〔特許文献1〕特開平10−123135)、また、上記のグリコシルエチルに代え、ポリエチレングリコール(以下PEGと略記)鎖を有する(メタ)アクリレート由来のポリマーで固相表面を保護すること(〔特許文献2〕特開平11−287802)が提案されている。Conventionally, in addition to the above-mentioned protein-derived blocking agents derived from living organisms, after a ligand is bound to the surface of the solid phase, a polymer derived from glycosylethyl (meth) acrylate is attached to an excess protein binding site on the surface of the solid phase. In addition, a method for preventing non-specific adsorption of contaminating proteins and the like that can be contained in a measurement sample (Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-123135). It has been proposed to protect the surface of a solid phase with a polymer derived from a (meth) acrylate having a chain (Patent Document 2) JP-A-11-287802.

しかしながら、これらグラフト共重合体を用いるのは、非特異吸着を抑制すべき固相表面への固定化能が十分でなく、表面密度を上げることが困難であることから、更なる効率的なブロッキング剤の開発が求められてきた。However, the use of these graft copolymers is not sufficient for immobilization on the solid phase surface where non-specific adsorption should be suppressed, and it is difficult to increase the surface density. Development of agents has been sought.

本発明者らは、以前PEGと略記のような水溶性高分子をセンサーチップ、あるいは診断粒子の表面上に、ブラシ状に固定化することにより、センサー表面の非特異吸着を抑制するだけでなく、診断粒子の分散安定性も向上させ、新しいバイオツールとして材料供給してきた。具体的には、これらの発明を記載するものとして、例えば、増大した密度のポリエチレンオキシドのブラシ様構造表面(〔特許文献3〕WO 03/076933A1公報)、ポリエチレングリコールセグメントを含有するポリマー誘導体を担持するバイオセンサー表面(〔特許文献4〕特開2003−149245公報)、分散安定化機能性金属微粒子及び半導体微粒子(〔特許文献3〕特開2002−080903公報)を挙げることができる。The present inventors not only suppressed nonspecific adsorption on the sensor surface by immobilizing a water-soluble polymer as abbreviated as PEG on the surface of the sensor chip or diagnostic particle in the form of a brush. In addition, the dispersion stability of diagnostic particles has been improved and materials have been supplied as a new biotool. Specifically, for describing these inventions, for example, a brush-like structure surface of polyethylene oxide having an increased density ([Patent Document 3] WO 03/076933 A1), carrying a polymer derivative containing a polyethylene glycol segment Examples include biosensor surfaces ([Patent Document 4] JP 2003-149245 A), dispersion-stabilized functional metal fine particles, and semiconductor fine particles ([Patent Document 3] JP 2002-080903 A).

解決しようとする問題点は、従来技術において、十分ではなかった非特異吸着抑制効果の向上と、酵素免疫反応の高感度化であり、具体的には、酵素免疫反応におけるシグナル/ノイズ比(以下S/N比と略記)向上させることにある。また、生体由来でない高性能のブロッキング剤およびそれを用いた高感度酵素免疫診断法を構築することにある。The problems to be solved are an improvement in the effect of suppressing nonspecific adsorption, which was not sufficient in the prior art, and an increase in the sensitivity of the enzyme immune reaction. Specifically, the signal / noise ratio (hereinafter referred to as the enzyme immune reaction) (Abbreviated as S / N ratio). Another object is to construct a high-performance blocking agent that is not derived from a living body and a highly sensitive enzyme immunodiagnosis method using the same.

本発明者らは、この課題を解決するために、非特異的な反応が抑制され得るブロッキング剤およびそれを含む高感度免疫測定系の構築について検討を行った。そして、その具体的な方策として、PEGセグメントを含有するブロック共重合体が優れたブロッキング剤として働くことを見出し、これを用いることを特徴とする酵素免疫測定法の構築し、本発明を完成した。In order to solve this problem, the present inventors examined the construction of a blocking agent that can suppress non-specific reactions and a highly sensitive immunoassay system including the same. As a specific measure, the inventors found that a block copolymer containing a PEG segment works as an excellent blocking agent, constructed an enzyme immunoassay characterized by using this, and completed the present invention. .

すなわち、本発明は、PEGセグメントを有するブロック共重合体の1種または2種以上を用いて、反応固相をブロッキングすることにより、非特異吸着を著しく低減し、高感度に検出定量することを特徴とする酵素免疫診断系が提供される。That is, the present invention uses one or more block copolymers having a PEG segment to block the reaction solid phase, thereby significantly reducing non-specific adsorption and detecting and quantifying with high sensitivity. A feature enzyme immunodiagnostic system is provided.

上記発明の好ましい態様により、PEGセグメントを有するブロック共重合体が、酵素免疫測定用反応固相と、共有結合、イオン結合、水素結合、または配位結合のいずれかの相互作用により、結合し得るセグメントを有したブロッキング剤が提供される。  According to a preferred embodiment of the above invention, the block copolymer having a PEG segment can be bound to the reaction solid phase for enzyme immunoassay by any interaction of covalent bond, ionic bond, hydrogen bond, or coordinate bond. A blocking agent having a segment is provided.

また、上記発明の好ましい態様により、ブロッキングに使用されるPEGブロック共重合体は、ヒドロキシル基を側鎖に有するオリゴマーまたはポリマー主鎖部分、複数のイミノ基を主鎖に有するオリゴまたはポリイミン主鎖部分、オリゴまたはポリラクチド主鎖部分よりなる群から選ばれる物質が好ましい。According to a preferred embodiment of the above invention, the PEG block copolymer used for blocking is an oligomer or polymer main chain part having a hydroxyl group in the side chain, an oligo or polyimine main chain part having a plurality of imino groups in the main chain. A substance selected from the group consisting of oligo or polylactide main chain moieties is preferred.

また、本発明に用いられる酵素免疫測定用固相に、特に制限はないが、汎用されているプラスチック製マイクロプレート、プラスチック製容器、ガラス製容器、スライドガラス、ブロッティング用疎水性高分子膜に対して用いるのが好適である。Further, the solid phase for enzyme immunoassay used in the present invention is not particularly limited, but for commonly used plastic microplates, plastic containers, glass containers, slide glasses, and hydrophobic polymer membranes for blotting. Are preferably used.

本発明のブロッキング剤は、酵素免疫反応に従来用いられてきたブロッキング剤に比べて、非特異吸着抑制効果が高いと同時に、生体由来でないために、抗原、または抗体の動物種または発色検出系の制限がない。The blocking agent of the present invention has a high non-specific adsorption inhibitory effect and is not derived from a living body at the same time as the blocking agent conventionally used for enzyme immunoreaction. There is no limit.

酵素免疫測定において、当該ブロッキング剤を適用する固相表面は、本発明の目的に沿うものであれば、いかなるものでも良い。特に、ELISA用プラスチックプレート(例えば、ポリスチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン製など)、ブロッティング用疎水性高分子膜(ニトロセルロース、ポリフッ化ビニリデン、ナイロンなど)の表面が好ましい。  In the enzyme immunoassay, any solid phase surface to which the blocking agent is applied may be used as long as it meets the purpose of the present invention. In particular, the surface of an ELISA plastic plate (for example, made of polystyrene, polypropylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, etc.) or a hydrophobic polymer membrane for blotting (nitrocellulose, polyvinylidene fluoride, nylon, etc.) is preferable.

このような表面のブロッキングに効果的に使用できるポリマーは、上記固相への付着性に優れ、試料中の夾雑物を排除するPEGとのブロック共重合体であれば、特に限定されるものではないが、固相表面と共有結合、イオン結合、水素結合、配位結合等の相互作用を形成し得るセグメントを有するポリマーが望ましい。具体的には、負電荷を有する表面に対してイオン的に吸着する複数のイミノ基を主鎖に有するオリゴまたはポリイミン、または、アミノ基を側鎖に有するオリゴマーまたはポリマー、あるいは、水素結合性の表面に対して水素結合を形成しやすい、ヒドロキシル基を側鎖に有するオリゴマーまたはポリマー、オリゴまたはポリラクチドが好適に用いられる。  The polymer that can be effectively used for blocking the surface is not particularly limited as long as it is a block copolymer with PEG that has excellent adhesion to the solid phase and eliminates contaminants in the sample. However, a polymer having a segment capable of forming an interaction such as a covalent bond, an ionic bond, a hydrogen bond, and a coordination bond with a solid surface is desirable. Specifically, an oligo or polyimine having a plurality of imino groups ionically adsorbed on a negatively charged surface in the main chain, an oligomer or polymer having an amino group in the side chain, or a hydrogen bonding property Oligomers or polymers having a hydroxyl group in the side chain, oligo or polylactide, which easily form hydrogen bonds with the surface, are preferably used.

以下、本発明の実施例を記載して、本発明をさらに具体的に説明するが、この記載は、本発明の範囲を限定するものではない。EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although the Example of this invention is described and this invention is demonstrated further more concretely, this description does not limit the scope of the present invention.

実施例1:ポリスチレンプレートを用いた酵素免疫反応におけるブロッキング効果
タンパク質高吸着性ポリスチレン製96穴マイクロプレート(ナルジェヌンク社製、マキシソープ)を用いたα−フェトプロテイン(以下AFP)の酵素免疫測定系を構築し、抗体固相化表面におけるPEG/ポリ乳酸ブロック共重合体(以下PEG−PLA)、およびPEG/ペンタエチレンヘキサミンブロック共重合体(以下N6−PEG)のブロッキング効果およびS/N比を従来品(ゼラチン等)と比較した。
Example 1: Blocking effect in enzyme immunoreaction using polystyrene plate Construction of enzyme immunoassay system for α-fetoprotein (hereinafter referred to as AFP) using 96-well microplate made of highly protein-adsorptive polystyrene (manufactured by Nargenunk, Maxisorp) The blocking effect and S / N ratio of PEG / polylactic acid block copolymer (hereinafter PEG-PLA) and PEG / pentaethylenehexamine block copolymer (hereinafter N6-PEG) on the antibody-immobilized surface (Gelatin etc.)

抗AFPモノクローナル抗体を0.25μg/wellの濃度で、プレートに固相化し、さらに所定濃度のブロッキング剤を50μLずつ加え、室温で1時間振盪しながらブロッキング処理を行った。この固相化プレートに対し、AFP標準サンプル(0,2,20IU/mL)を作成し、それぞれ50μLずつ加え、抗体と反応させた。TBSTバッファーで3回洗浄の後、抗AFPポリクローナル抗体(ウサギ)を1時間振盪反応させた。同じくTBSTバッファーで3回洗浄の後、アルカリフォスファターゼ標識抗ウサギIgG二次抗体を加え、1時間振盪反応させ、同様に洗浄した後、基質溶液として、4−メチルウンベリフェリルリン酸(4−MUP)を加えて30分インキュベートし、0.5規定NaOHを用いて反応を停止した。定量は、パーキンエルマー社製マイクロプレートリーダーを用いて、355nmで励起した4−MUP特有の460nmの蛍光強度により行った。Anti-AFP monoclonal antibody was immobilized on a plate at a concentration of 0.25 μg / well, and a blocking agent at a predetermined concentration was added in an amount of 50 μL each, followed by blocking treatment with shaking at room temperature for 1 hour. AFP standard samples (0, 2, 20 IU / mL) were prepared on the solid-phased plate, 50 μL each was added, and reacted with the antibody. After washing 3 times with TBST buffer, anti-AFP polyclonal antibody (rabbit) was shaken for 1 hour. Similarly, after washing three times with TBST buffer, an alkaline phosphatase-labeled anti-rabbit IgG secondary antibody was added and allowed to shake for 1 hour. After washing in the same manner, 4-methylumbelliferyl phosphate (4-MUP) was used as a substrate solution. ) And incubated for 30 minutes, and the reaction was stopped with 0.5 N NaOH. Quantification was performed using a 460 nm fluorescence intensity specific to 4-MUP excited at 355 nm using a Perkin Elmer microplate reader.

図1に示すように、PEG−PLA(5000/5000)が従来用いられてきた、BSA、ミルクカゼイン、ゼラチン等より優れた非特異吸着抑制効果を示した。また図2に示すようにS/N比もBSAに比べ、大きく改善された。As shown in FIG. 1, PEG-PLA (5000/5000) showed a non-specific adsorption inhibitory effect superior to that of BSA, milk casein, gelatin and the like conventionally used. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the S / N ratio was also greatly improved as compared with BSA.

種々のブロッキング剤におけるプレート表面への非特異吸着量の比較例Comparison of non-specific adsorption amount on the plate surface with various blocking agents 種々のブロッキング剤におけるS/N比の比較例Comparative example of S / N ratio in various blocking agents

Claims (4)

一般式
〔化1〕R−L−(CHCHO)−L−X
[式中、Rは、水素原子、官能基、保護された官能基またはリガンドを表し、L、Lは、相互に独立した連結基または原子価結合を表し、Xは、モノ−、もしくはジ−低級アルキル置換アミノ基を側鎖に有するオリゴマーまたはポリマー、複数のイミノ基を主鎖に有するオリゴまたはポリイミンよりなる群から選ばれるモノマー単位を含むポリマーのセグメントである]で表されるカチオン性セグメントを有するブロックコポリマー誘導体の1種または2種以上であって、ポリエチレングリコール(PEG)セグメントを含有するブロック共重合体をブロッキング剤として用いることを特徴とする酵素免疫測定方法、およびブロッキング剤。
General formula [1] R 1 -L 1 - (CH 2 CH 2 O) n -L 2 -X
[Wherein, R 1 represents a hydrogen atom, a functional group, a protected functional group or a ligand, L 1 and L 2 represent a mutually independent linking group or valence bond, and X represents a mono-, Or a segment of a polymer containing a monomer unit selected from the group consisting of an oligomer or polymer having a di-lower alkyl-substituted amino group in the side chain and an oligo or polyimine having a plurality of imino groups in the main chain. An enzyme immunoassay method and a blocking agent, wherein a block copolymer containing a polyethylene glycol (PEG) segment, which is one or more of block copolymer derivatives having a sex segment, is used as a blocking agent.
請求項1記載のブロック共重合体が、PEGセグメント、および酵素免疫測定用反応固相と共有結合、イオン結合、水素結合、または配位結合のいずれかの相互作用により、結合し得るセグメントを有することを特徴とする酵素免疫測定方法およびブロッキング剤。The block copolymer according to claim 1 has a PEG segment and a segment that can be bound to the reaction solid phase for enzyme immunoassay by any interaction of a covalent bond, an ionic bond, a hydrogen bond, or a coordinate bond. An enzyme immunoassay method and a blocking agent. 免疫測定用反応固相と結合し得るセグメントが、ヒドロキシル基を側鎖に有するオリゴマーまたはポリマー主鎖部分、アミノ基を側鎖に有するオリゴマーまたはポリマー主鎖部分、複数のイミノ基を主鎖に有するオリゴまたはポリイミン主鎖部分、オリゴまたはポリラクチド主鎖部分からなる群より選ばれる請求項2記載のブロッキング剤The segment capable of binding to the reaction solid phase for immunoassay has an oligomer or polymer main chain moiety having a hydroxyl group in the side chain, an oligomer or polymer main chain moiety having an amino group in the side chain, and a plurality of imino groups in the main chain. The blocking agent according to claim 2, selected from the group consisting of an oligo or polyimine main chain moiety, and an oligo or polylactide main chain moiety. 請求項1〜3記載の酵素免疫測定用反応固相が、固相化酵素免疫測定用プラスチックマイクロプレート、またはブロッティング用疎水性高分子膜であることを特徴とする酵素免疫測定方法およびブロッキング剤。An enzyme immunoassay method and a blocking agent, wherein the reaction solid phase for enzyme immunoassay according to claims 1 to 3 is a plastic microplate for immobilized enzyme immunoassay or a hydrophobic polymer membrane for blotting.
JP2005078050A 2005-02-18 2005-02-18 Blocking agent Pending JP2006226982A (en)

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US9128083B2 (en) 2007-11-09 2015-09-08 Jsr Corporation Nonspecific adsorption inhibitor of substance relating to living body and method for coating article
JP2018155601A (en) * 2017-03-17 2018-10-04 東洋インキScホールディングス株式会社 Blocking agent for biological analysis
CN117647644A (en) * 2024-01-29 2024-03-05 北京万泰德瑞诊断技术有限公司 Blocking agent and application thereof in immunodetection
CN117647644B (en) * 2024-01-29 2024-05-28 北京万泰德瑞诊断技术有限公司 Blocking agent and application thereof in immunodetection

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