JP2006223587A - Channel switching apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a channel switching apparatus where switching operation is easy in the case of rapid blood transfusion etc. <P>SOLUTION: The channel switching apparatus is provided with: a main body part consisting of first and second branching parts 12 and 13 brought out from its bearing part; and a switching part having a shaft member 22 inserted rotatably in the bearing part of the main body part. A silicone rubber partition member 23 having a slit 231 formed in its center is fixed to the top opening part of the shaft member 22 with a fixing member 21 in the state of liquid tightness. The lure 32 of a syringe 30 is pushed into the slit 231 to communicate the cylinder 31 with the inside of the shaft member 22, and the lure 32 is fitted into the opening part 211 of the fixing member 21, so that the shaft member 22 is rotated with the rotation of the cylinder 31 and the channel is switched. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a flow path switching device mainly used for medical purposes, and more particularly to a technique for facilitating the flow path switching operation.

Currently, in the medical field, for example, in order to infuse a patient with a medical solution or the like, a channel switching device that is arranged between an infusion source and a patient and can switch a channel is used.
As such a flow path switching device, a main body portion having a plurality of branch portions, and a switching portion that is rotatably inserted into the hollow chamber of the main body portion and switches the communication state between the branch portions according to the rotation position. There are known stopcocks, and among them, three-way stopcocks having three branches are widely used.

FIG. 13 is an external perspective view showing the shape of a general conventional three-way cock 300.
As shown in the figure, the three-way cock 300 includes a main body part 310 and a switching part 320. A shaft portion 306 (see FIG. 14A) of the switching portion 320 is rotatably inserted into the bearing portion 305 of the main body portion 310, and the flow path is switched by rotating the shaft portion 306 with the lever 304. It is configured to be.

The main body portion 310 is formed by extending three branch portions 301 to 303 on the outer periphery of the bearing portion 305 in a substantially T shape in plan view.
A tube (not shown) connected to an infusion source such as an infusion bag or a blood transfusion bag is connected to the branching portion 301, and a tube (not shown) connected to a patient is connected to the branching portion 303.
Further, the branching portion 302 is for connecting a luer of a syringe (syringe) to mix and inject a chemical solution from the outside.

14A and 14B are plan sectional views of the flow path switching device 300 in FIG.
As shown in the figure, the shaft portion 306 inserted in the bearing portion 305 is formed with an internal flow path 307 intersecting in a T-shape that can communicate with the branch portions 301 to 303. The communication state of each branch part 301-303 can be switched by rotating.

  By the way, when blood transfusion is performed to a patient, the blood transfusion bag is usually arranged at a higher position than the patient, and the branch portions 301 and 303 of the three-way stopcock 300 are in communication with each other so that blood is gradually supplied to the patient by the action of gravity. However, in the case of blood transfusion that requires urgent (hereinafter referred to as “rapid blood transfusion”), a syringe must be connected to the branch portion 302 to supply a large amount of blood to the patient in a short time. .

In such a case, first, (a) the shaft portion 306 of the three-way cock 300 is rotated to bring the branch portions 301 and 302 into communication as shown in FIG. (B) Then, as shown in FIG. 14B, the shaft member 306 is rotated by 180 ° so that only the branch portions 302 and 303 communicate with each other, and blood is supplied to the patient at once from the syringe. Thereafter, the above operations (a) and (b) are repeated to supply a necessary amount of blood to the patient in a short time.
JP 11-342209 A

However, in the above rapid blood transfusion operation, one doctor or nurse holds the three-way stopcock 300 in one hand (for example, the left hand) and performs the suction / discharge operation of the syringe and the flow path switching operation in the other hand (the right hand). Therefore, there is a problem that it is complicated and difficult to operate.
That is, first, the main body 310 of the three-way cock 300 is gripped with the left hand and the lever 304 is rotated with the right hand to the state shown in FIG. 14A, and then the three-way cock 300 main body and the syringe body (or syringe) with the left hand. Hold the main body only), pull the syringe piston with your right hand to suck blood for blood transfusion, then move the right hand to the lever of the three-way stopcock 300 and rotate it to the communication state of FIG. After switching, return the right hand to the piston and push it in to supply the blood in the cylinder to the patient. Further, after the lever 304 is rotated with the right hand to suck blood for transfusion, the above operation is repeated.

In this way, skillfulness and concentration are required for rapid blood transfusion, because one hand must be moved alternately between the syringe and lever, and the flow path switching and suction / discharge operations must be repeated in a short time. Therefore, there has been a strong demand for a flow path switching device that is easy to handle.
In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide an easy-to-handle flow path switching device particularly suitable for actual use in a medical field.

In order to achieve the above object, a flow path switching device according to the present invention includes a device main body in which a plurality of branch paths are extended from a hollow chamber, and a sliding body inserted in the hollow chamber. A communication path is formed in the body, and the flow path switching device is configured to switch the flow path by communicating the selected one or two or more branch paths with the communication path by sliding the sliding body in the hollow chamber. Because
The sliding body receives insertion of a tubular insert that communicates with the pump instrument body, and engages with the insert or the pump instrument body, and insertion body receiving means for communicating the communication path inside the sliding body with the insert. And engaging means.

  As described above, the present invention provides a flow path switching device configured to slide a sliding body inserted in an apparatus main body in which a plurality of branch paths are continuously connected to switch the flow path, and to the sliding body, the main body of the pump device. An insertion body receiving means for receiving the insertion of the tubular insertion body communicated with the internal communication path and communicating the internal communication path and the insertion body, and an engagement means for engaging with the insertion body or the pump device main body. By rotating or moving the pump device in the sliding direction of the sliding body while the pump device insertion body is connected to the flow path switching device, the sliding body can be slid accordingly and the flow path can be switched. . Thereby, the operator can easily perform the flow path switching operation and the operation of the pump device without changing the hand holding the pump device.

  The sliding body has a columnar shape, and an opening communicating with an internal communication path is formed on one end surface of the sliding body, and the insertion body receiving means is configured to pass through the insertion body. By providing a partition member that allows the insert and the inside of the opening to communicate with each other, and a fixing member that fluid-tightly fixes the partition member to the opening, the insert can be easily placed inside the opening of the sliding body. Can communicate.

Here, the insert may be a luer, and a slit for receiving the luer may be formed in a region corresponding to the opening of the partition member. This facilitates lure insertion.
Further, the fixing member has a cover portion provided so as to cover a surface of the partition wall member opposite to the opening of the columnar member, and the fixing member is located at a position corresponding to the slit of the partition wall member. A through-hole is formed, and the diameter of the through-hole is set to a size that fits with the inserted luer. As a result, the fixing member acts as the engaging means, and there is no need to provide any other special engaging means.

  Here, the hollow chamber is a cylindrical shaft portion holding portion, and the apparatus main body has a plurality of branch portions that form the branch path on the outer periphery of the shaft portion holding portion. And the sliding body is a cylindrical shaft portion rotatably inserted into the shaft portion holding portion, and the flow path can be switched by rotating the shaft portion. Preferably, the plurality of branch portions are first and second branch portions, and the communication path in the shaft portion includes a hollow portion provided inside the shaft portion, and a peripheral surface of the shaft portion. At least three communication holes that communicate with the hollow portion, and two communication holes of the first and second branch portions and the hollow portion at the first rotational position of the shaft portion, respectively. The other communication hole is provided at a communicating position, and the second rotation position of the shaft portion is Serial first branch portion communicated with the hollow portion, in a third rotational position of the shaft portion, from being provided at a position which communicates the hollow portion and the second branch portion is desirable. Thereby, smooth flow path switching is achieved by the rotation operation of the sliding body.

  Here, the first and second branch portions are formed at an angle of 180 ° with respect to the central axis of the shaft portion holding portion, and a plurality of portions provided on the peripheral surface of the shaft portion. The communication holes are four communication holes from first to fourth, of which the first and second communication holes are arranged at an angle of 180 ° with respect to the central axis of the shaft portion. The third and fourth communication holes are formed at an angle such that the fourth communication hole does not communicate with the second branch when the third communication hole communicates with the first branch. If it is arranged, the rotation angle between the second and third rotation positions of the shaft portion can be set to a desired value by a rotation angle smaller than 180 ° of the related art (see FIGS. 14A and 14B). Since the flow path can be switched, the flow path switching operation becomes easier.

Furthermore, a flow path regulating member may be formed in the hollow portion of the shaft portion so as to restrict the liquid flowing inside to flow around in the direction of the partition wall member. Thereby, the staying part in the hollow part inside the shaft part is eliminated, and it is possible to prevent bacteria and the like from being cultured inside the flow path switching device during infusion.
Further, if at least a portion in the vicinity of the communication hole of the shaft portion on the inner wall surface facing the partition member inside the shaft portion is formed to be flush with a part of the inner peripheral surface of the communication hole, Further, the staying portion can be reduced.

If the pump device is a syringe, it is easy to rotate around the lure, so that the flow path switching operation can be performed more easily in the case of switching the flow path by rotating the sliding body.
If the flow path switching device having the above configuration is used for medical purposes, a rapid supply operation of a chemical solution or the like can be performed quickly and easily, and the most effective use is possible.
The flow path switching device according to the present invention includes a device main body in which a plurality of branch paths are extended from a hollow chamber, and a sliding body inserted in the hollow chamber, and the sliding body is connected to the inside of the sliding body. A flow path switching device in which a passage is formed, and the sliding body is slid in a hollow chamber to selectively connect one or two or more branch paths and the communication path to switch the flow path. The body is characterized by having a grip portion that does not overhang the outer periphery.

  Since the sliding portion for switching the flow path is provided with the gripping portion in this way, the operator can switch the flow path by sliding the sliding body by gripping the gripping portion. Since there is no protruding portion such as a lever on its outer periphery, for example, when the flow path switching device is used for the purpose of supplying a drug solution to a patient, the protruding portion is pulled on the patient's bedding or clothes. This eliminates the inconvenience of inadvertently switching the flow path.

Here, the hollow chamber is a cylindrical shaft portion holding portion, and the sliding body is a columnar shaft portion that is rotatably inserted into the shaft portion holding portion, and rotates the shaft portion. Accordingly, the channel may be switched, and the grip portion may be a substantially cylindrical member provided on the shaft portion coaxially with the shaft portion.
Thereby, the channel can be easily switched by picking and rotating the cylindrical gripping portion.

The flow path switching device according to the present invention includes a device main body in which a plurality of branch paths are extended from a hollow chamber, and a switching unit including a sliding body inserted in the hollow chamber. A communicating path is formed inside the sliding body. By sliding the sliding body in the hollow chamber, the selected one or two or more branch paths are connected to the communicating path to switch the flow path. It is configured to be able to.
The number of branch paths is set according to the purpose of use, but is typically two as will be described in the embodiments described later. The shape of the sliding body is not particularly limited, but is usually a columnar shape, and more preferably a cylindrical shaft body. The sliding body may be configured to slide in the longitudinal direction to switch the flow path, but typically, the flow path is formed by rotating a cylindrical sliding body about its rotation axis. It is desirable to be configured to be switched. This is because the assembly is easier and the switching operation is easier.

Here, the sliding body receives an insertion of a tubular insert that communicates with the main body of the pump device, and an insertion body receiving portion that communicates the internal communication path with the insert, and the insert or the pump device main body, An engaging portion to be engaged is provided.
By doing so, the tubular insertion body of the external pump device can be communicated with the communication path in the sliding body of the switching portion, and the pump device body or the insertion body of the pump device is slid by the engaging portion. Since it is engaged with the body, the flow path can be switched by rotating or moving the pump device main body in the sliding direction of the sliding body.

That is, the operator can easily switch the flow path by simply rotating or moving the flow path switching device and the pump device without changing the hands holding the flow channel switching device and the pump device body. It is.
The pump device used here is not particularly limited, but for medical use, a syringe (syringe) composed of a piston and a cylinder is generally used. In this case, the tubular insert is a luer or a needle tube attached to the luer. (Injection needle). In addition, as a pump apparatus, the thing of the form which compresses the container formed with the elastic material instead of a syringe is applicable.

  The insertion body receiving portion provided on the sliding body normally has a configuration in which the outside and the inside of the sliding body are liquid-tightly blocked, and when the insertion body is inserted, the insertion body can be received and communicated with the inside. . The configuration for this is not particularly limited, but in this embodiment, the sliding body is provided with an opening that communicates with the internal communication path, and a partition wall member made of an elastic material is liquid-tightly attached to the opening, and the insertion body Is made to communicate with each other by passing through the partition wall. As such an elastic material, a material which has little deterioration with time and is chemically stable is desirable. Representative examples include isoprene rubber and silicone rubber, but are not limited thereto.

  When the insert is a lure, the partition member is preferably provided with an insertion hole. An example of the insertion hole is a slit. Since an elastic material is used as the partition member, the slit normally adheres and the liquid inside does not leak to the outside, but when the lure is pushed in, the slit is pushed open and the lure is received inside. At this time, the pushed-open portion of the partition wall member is brought into pressure contact with the peripheral surface of the lure, so that the liquid inside does not leak to the outside even when the luer is inserted.

  The partition member is fixed to the opening of the sliding body by a fixing member. The fixing member has, for example, a cap shape and has a cover portion that covers the main surface on the front side of the partition wall member. A through-hole having a predetermined diameter is formed in a portion of the cover corresponding to the slit so that an insert such as a luer can be inserted from the outside. When the insert is pushed in, the outer peripheral surface of the insert is fixed. It is comprised so that the through-hole of a member may fit. Accordingly, the fixing member itself acts as an engaging portion with the lure.

By engaging the luer with the fixing member in this way, the slide body also rotates when the pump device main body is rotated, so that the flow path switching operation becomes extremely easy. Moreover, since the fixing member itself of the partition member can be used as the engaging portion, the number of parts is reduced, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.
But the structure of an engaging part is not restricted only to the above. For example, a screw thread may be formed at the base of the lure, a female screw to be screwed with the screw thread may be formed in the through hole of the fixing member, and both may be firmly screwed together. In this case, it is desirable to always switch the flow path by rotating the pump device body in the direction in which the screw is tightened. Of course, another engaging portion that directly engages with the pump device main body may be provided.

That is, the engaging portion may be configured such that the sliding body and the insertion body or the pump device main body engage with each other at least in the direction in which the sliding body is slid for switching the flow path. A simple configuration can be considered.
The shape of the communication path inside the sliding body may be any shape as long as the flow path can be switched by communicating with the branch portion by sliding the sliding body. Then, a hollow portion is provided in the sliding body, and a plurality of communication holes communicating with the hollow portion are provided on the side surface (sliding surface) of the sliding body. By doing in this way, it is because formation of the communicating path inside a sliding body becomes easy, and insertion of the lure from an insertion body reception part can be accept | permitted.

In the case where there are two branch portions provided in the apparatus main body, and the flow path is switched by rotating the sliding body, the number of the communication holes provided in the sliding body may be at least three, If four are provided, there is an advantage that the rotation angle for switching the flow path can be reduced. Details will be described in Examples.
In the case where a hollow portion is provided in the sliding body, retention tends to occur in the hollow portion, particularly in the vicinity of the partition member, so that liquid (medical solution, blood for blood transfusion, etc.) flowing through the hollow portion detours toward the partition member. It is desirable to provide a flow path regulating member so as to flow. The shape and material of the flow path regulating member are not limited as long as it can achieve the above-described detour purpose. However, when the sliding body is cylindrical, a plurality of communication holes are provided on the peripheral surface thereof. Therefore, in order to effectively bypass the liquid even if the liquid flows from any communication hole, the flow path regulating member also slides in a cylindrical shape or a columnar shape formed coaxially with the columnar sliding body. It is desirable to select a shape in which a contour shape of a cross section cut along a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis of the body is a circle or an ellipse.

Hereinafter, specific examples of the flow path switching device according to the present invention will be described.
<Example 1>
(1) Configuration of Channel Switching Device 100 FIG. 1 is an external view of a channel switching device 100 according to the first embodiment.
As shown in the figure, the flow path switching device 100 includes a main body portion 10 and a switching portion 20, and the shaft portion (sliding body) of the switching portion 20 is rotatably and liquid-tightly inserted into the bearing portion 11 of the main body portion 10. The flow path can be switched by rotating the switching unit 20. Each component of the main body 10 and the switching unit 20 is mainly made of a resin material, but is not limited thereto.

The main body portion 10 includes a substantially cylindrical bearing portion 11, and a first branch portion 12 and a second branch portion 13 formed on the peripheral surface of the bearing portion 11. The first branch portion 12 and the second branch portion 13 are formed on a straight line at an angle of approximately 180 °.
A male connector is connected to the first branch portion 12 to an infusion bag or a blood transfusion bag (hereinafter collectively referred to as “infusion bag”), and a female connector connected to a venous needle is connected to the second branch portion 13. Is done.

On the periphery of the outer opening of the first branch part 12, a flange part 121 and a threaded part 122 connected to the collar part 121 are formed.
An arrow 14 is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the bearing portion 11, and the arrow 14 is flowed by rotating the switching portion 20 and matching with a predetermined character 15 written on the peripheral surface of the fixing member 21. The operator can grasp the communication state of the road. The arrow 14 and the character 15 are also formed on the peripheral surface beyond the bearing portion 11 and the fixing member 21, respectively, so that the operator can confirm the communication state of the flow path switching device 100 from either side. These arrows 14 and characters 15 are represented by printing, sticking a sticker, surface unevenness processing, or the like.

FIG. 2 is an assembly view of the flow path switching device 100.
As shown in the figure, the flow path switching device 100 applies a disk-shaped partition member 23 as an insert receiving means to the upper opening of the bottomed cylindrical shaft portion 22, and this is fixed by the fixing member 21. The switch part 20 is formed by being attached to the shaft member 22 so as to press against the opening, and the shaft member 22 is assembled by being inserted into the hollow part in the bearing part 11 of the main body part 10.

A projecting portion 222 is formed in a ring shape on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft member 22, and a ring-shaped groove 111 is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the bearing portion 11. The protrusions 222 of the shaft member 22 are engaged with the grooves 111 when they are fitted into the grooves 111, so that they are not easily removed.
However, the locking means between the shaft member 22 and the bearing portion 11 is not limited to this, and for example, a ring-shaped groove is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft member 22 and the ring-shaped groove is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the bearing portion 11. These protrusions may be provided, or other methods may be used.

There is almost no gap between the outer peripheral surface of the shaft member 22 and the inner peripheral surface of the bearing portion 11, it is liquid-tight, and the shaft member 22 can rotate relative to the bearing portion 11. Thus, the outer diameter of the shaft member 22 and the inner diameter of the bearing portion 11 are set.
FIG. 3 is a front cross-sectional view for illustrating the internal configuration of the flow path switching apparatus 100 after assembly.
As shown in the figure, the fixing member 21 is attached to a collar portion 221 formed on the upper portion of the shaft member 22 with, for example, an adhesive, and the partition wall member 23 is attached to the shaft member 22 by the fixing member 21. It is attached so as to be pressed against the opening edge. However, the method of attaching the fixing member 21 to the partition wall member 23 is not limited to the adhesive. For example, as in the case of Example 2 described later, a locking claw is provided on one side and a locking hole is provided on the other side. Thus, they may be attached by engaging both, and can be changed at any time.

A slit 231 is formed in the central portion of the partition wall member 23 as an insertion hole for receiving insertion of a luer such as a syringe, whereby the luer and the inside of the partition wall member 23 communicate with each other in a liquid-tight state. .
The material constituting the partition member 23 may be a rubber-like elastic material, but if it is more limited, a material having a hardness of JIS-A of 20 to 55 is preferable. Specific materials include silicone rubber, natural rubber, synthetic rubber such as butyl rubber and nitrile rubber, or thermoplastic elastomer. Note that the insertion hole may be a single straight slit as described above, or may be, for example, three straight cuts that intersect at the center.

  The shape of the fixing member 21 is not particularly limited as long as the fixing member 21 can firmly hold (hold) the partition wall member 23 when the lure is inserted into and removed from the partition wall member 23. As a preferred shape, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, the fixing member 21 covers at least the upper peripheral edge of the partition wall member 23, leaving the central portion of the front side surface (main surface opposite to the bearing portion 11) of the partition wall member 23. If it is formed in a cap shape, the partition member 23 can be easily fixed and the lure can be easily inserted, and the partition member 23 is not unnecessarily exposed, so that contamination of the surface of the partition member 23 is prevented as much as possible. The effect that it can do is acquired.

A circular fitting hole (through hole) 211 having a diameter that is the same as or slightly smaller than that of the lure is formed in the center of the cover portion that covers the front side surface of the partition wall member 23 of the fixing member 21. Thereby, the lure inserted into the partition member 23 can be fitted into the fitting hole 211 and securely held.
When the lure is only inserted into the partition member 23, not only the lure can be stably held, but the lure inserted for a long time may be pushed back by the elastic partition member 23 and removed. However, according to the configuration of the present embodiment, an excellent effect is obtained that the lure is securely held, the risk of removal can be avoided, and the flow path switching operation can be facilitated as described later.

The shape and dimensions of the fitting hole 211 are set so that the insertion hole is securely engaged with the insertion body by the inserted insertion body. If there are many opportunities to connect a syringe, an infusion / transfusion set, etc., it is preferable that the size of the inner diameter of the fitting hole 211 is set to an optimum range for fitting with a standard lure.
In addition, since the lure usually has a tapered shape that becomes thinner toward the front, the inner peripheral surface of the fitting hole 211 may be formed in a tapered shape in accordance with this.

In addition, as a raw material of the fixing member 21, it is desirable to have a suitable hardness for holding the partition member 23 and the lure firmly, and to be formed from a material that is not easily damaged. In addition to polyacetal and polypropylene, polyacrylamide, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, and the like are desirable.
Further, a gentle taper (inclination) 213 is provided on the front side surface of the fixing member 21 toward the fitting hole 211, so that the lure can be easily inserted.

A protrusion 212 having a hook-like cross section is formed in a ring shape along the periphery on the inner side of the periphery of the fitting hole 211 of the fixing member 21, and on the protrusion 212 of the partition wall member 23. A ring-shaped groove is formed at the corresponding position, and the protrusion 212 is fixed in a state of being engaged with the ring-shaped groove of the partition wall member 23.
As a result, when the lure is inserted into the partition wall member 23, the partition wall member 23 extends from the slit 231 to the protruding portion 212, but the partition wall member 23 compresses conversely at a portion outside the protruding portion 212. It can be configured as follows. As a result, when the lure is inserted, the slit 231 portion is not excessively sunk, and conversely, when the lure is pulled out, the slit portion 231 is not turned up. Problems can be prevented as much as possible.

Furthermore, since the thickness of the inner peripheral surface of the fitting hole 211 is increased by the amount of the projecting portion 212, it is easy to guide the luer when it is inserted into the fitting hole 211, and the contact area between the fitting hole 211 and the luer is reduced. The lure can be increased, and the ease of inserting and fitting the lure is improved.
Channels 123 and 132 are respectively formed inside the first branch part 12 and the second branch part 13 of the main body part 10, and the channel switching device 100 of FIG. 4 is formed on the peripheral wall of the cylindrical shaft member 22. As shown in the plan sectional view of FIG. 3, three communication holes 241 to 243 for communicating the flow paths 123, 132 and the hollow portion 25 inside the shaft member 22 according to the rotational position of the shaft member 22 are formed. It is installed.

In this embodiment, the communication holes 241 and 243 are formed at an angle of 180 ° with respect to the rotation axis of the shaft member 22, and the communication hole 242 has a central angle of 90 ° with respect to the communication hole 241. It is formed in the position.
The diameters of the communication holes 241 to 243 are the same as the diameters of the portions facing the hollow part of the bearing portion 11 of the flow path 123.132, and the positions of the communication holes 241 to 243 in the axial direction are also shaft members. In accordance with the rotational position of 22, it is provided at a position so as to be combined with the part facing the hollow part of the flow paths 123 and 132.

(2) Channel Switching Operation of Channel Switching Device 100 FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a use state of the channel switching device 100 according to the present embodiment during rapid blood transfusion. A blood transfusion bag 40 is suspended from a hanger portion 41 of a drip stand (not shown), and the blood transfusion bag 40 and the first branch portion 12 of the flow path switching device 100 are connected via a tube 42.

A vein needle 44 is inserted into the blood vessel of the patient's arm 45, and the vein needle 44 and the second branch portion 13 of the flow path switching device 100 are connected via the tube 43.
In normal blood transfusion, the rotation position of the switching unit 20 of the flow path switching device 100 is in the “normal” position (see FIG. 1). At this time, the communication hole 241 and the communication hole 243 are respectively connected to the first branching unit 12. It connects with the flow path 123 and the flow path 132 of the 2nd branch part 13, and the 1st branch part 12 and the 2nd branch part 13 will be in a communication state (refer FIG. 4).

  In the case of rapid blood transfusion, the syringe 30 is attached to the switching unit 20 of the flow path switching device 100 as shown in FIG. That is, as shown in FIG. 6A, when the luer 32 of the syringe 30 is pushed in the direction of breaking through the slit 231 of the partition wall member 23 from the fitting hole 211 of the fixing member 21 of the flow path switching device 100, FIG. As shown in b), the internal flow path 321 of the luer 32 and the inside of the shaft member 22 communicate with each other, and the outer periphery of the luer 32 and the inner peripheral surface of the fitting hole 211 of the fixing member 21 are fitted to each other, forcibly fitted. (FIG. 6B).

When the cylinder 31 of the syringe 30 is rotated around the luer 32 in this state, the switching unit 20 is also rotated. Then, the cylinder 31 is held with the right hand and rotated in a predetermined direction. When the arrow 14 of the bearing portion 11 and the character “IN” of the fixing member 21 come together, the rotation operation is stopped.
In this state, the shaft member 22 has the communication hole 242 at the position of the flow path 123 of the first branching section 12 as shown in the cross-sectional view of the main part of the flow path switching device 100 in FIG. Since the flow path 132 of the branch portion 13 is blocked by the peripheral surface of the shaft member 22, only the flow path 123 of the first branch portion 12 is in communication with the flow path 321 inside the luer 32.

  Therefore, the piston 33 (FIG. 5) of the syringe 30 is pulled to suck the blood in the blood transfusion bag 40 into the cylinder 31, and then the syringe 30 is rotated 180 ° in the opposite direction to the arrow 14 of the bearing portion 11. And the character “OUT” of the fixing member 21 are matched. At this time, as shown in FIG. 7B, the communication hole 242 comes to the position of the flow path 132 of the second branch portion 13, and the flow path 132 of the first branch portion 13 is on the peripheral surface of the shaft member 22. Since it is blocked, only the flow path 132 of the second branch portion 13 is in communication with the flow path 321 inside the lure 32. And the piston 33 of the syringe 30 is pushed in, and the blood inside the cylinder 31 is sent out toward a patient.

Rapid blood transfusion can be performed by repeating this blood transfusion operation until a necessary amount of blood transfusion is completed.
Thus, according to the flow channel switching device 100 according to the present embodiment, the switching unit 20 is provided with a receiving unit that accepts insertion of the luer 32, and is configured to simply switch the flow channel simply by rotating the syringe 30. There is no need to move the right hand alternately between the syringe and the lever as in the prior art, and rapid blood transfusion operation becomes extremely easy.

In this embodiment, the communication hole 242 used at the time of rapid blood transfusion is provided at a position that forms a central angle of 90 ° with respect to the communication hole 241, but the central angle is not limited to 90 °, and the communication hole What is necessary is just to form between the holes 241 and 243.
In addition, according to the flow path switching device 100 according to the present embodiment, not only the flow path switching operation when the syringe 30 is connected, particularly in the case of rapid blood transfusion as described above, is extremely easy, but the conventional flow path switching apparatus 100 can also be used. Since there is no need for a path switching lever or a protruding portion similar to this (hereinafter, the lever and protruding portion are collectively referred to as “overhanging portion”), the overhanging portion has hitherto been caught on bedding, clothing, etc. There is also an advantage that no accidental switching occurs.

Furthermore, in the case of normal blood transfusion other than rapid blood transfusion, the luer 32 of the syringe 30 is not engaged with the fitting hole 211 of the switching unit 20, but the operator uses the cylindrical fixing member 21 as a gripping part. However, it is possible to easily switch the flow path by gripping and rotating this portion.
In addition, a check valve is provided for each of the inflow side and outflow side branch passages, and a flow path is formed to flow in one direction from the infusion source toward the patient, and a lure can be connected to the apparatus body. Conventionally, there is a medical mixed injection port, and it is possible to perform a rapid blood transfusion operation. However, in such a one-way mixed injection port, it is necessary to arrange two check valves. However, not only is the manufacturing cost increased, but the flow path cannot be freely switched, so that versatility is poor. However, according to the flow path switching device according to the present embodiment, it is not necessary to provide a check valve, and since the flow path can be switched, it is highly versatile and can be used in various medical situations.

<Example 2>
In the first embodiment, the hollow portion 25 is provided in the shaft member 22 in order to insert the lure 32 (see FIG. 3). Therefore, in the case of normal infusion that uses only the first branch part 12 and the second branch part 13 in communication, it flows almost linearly from the first branch part 12 toward the second branch part 13, The chemical solution stays in a region away from the straight line connecting the communication holes 241 and 243 of the hollow portion 25 in the direction along the rotation axis of the shaft member 22, particularly in a region near the partition wall member 23 in the shaft member 22. Therefore, if the chemical solution is of high calorie suitable for a bacterial culture medium, there is a risk of becoming a hotbed for bacterial growth in the staying area.

In particular, for patients with reduced immunity, it is of course desirable to eliminate as much as possible the risk of such bacterial growth. The shaft member 22 is devised so that the above stay does not occur.
FIG. 8 is a front sectional view of the flow path switching device 110 according to the second embodiment. Since the components denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 2 indicate the same components, the description thereof is omitted (the same applies to other embodiments).

As shown in FIG. 8, in this flow path switching device 110, the shaft member 28 is slightly elongated in the direction along the rotation axis (the vertical direction in the figure), and a barrier member ( A flow path regulating member) 282 is provided so as to allow the chemical solution flowing into the shaft member 28 to flow while detouring toward the partition wall member 23 as indicated by an arrow.
By forming the chemical solution detour in the shaft member 28 in this manner, the chemical solution near the partition wall member 23 is always replaced with a new chemical solution flowing in from the first branch portion 12, so that no retention occurs. Inhibits bacterial growth in

FIG. 9 is an external perspective view of only the switching unit 20 in FIG. 8, and a part of the shaft member 28 is cut away so that the internal structure can be easily understood.
As shown in the figure, the barrier member 282 for forming the detour is substantially cylindrical in this embodiment. Of course, the barrier member 282 is not limited to such a shape, and may have any shape as long as a detour is formed so that the chemical liquid flowing in from the first communication hole 241 can bypass the partition member 23. Absent. However, if a plate-like object is erected, there is a risk that the chemical solution may sneak around the back side of the plate, so that the cross section of the obstruction member 282 (cut surface in a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis of the shaft member 22) as much as possible. It is desirable that the contour shape of) is circular or elliptical. In FIG. 9, the upper surface of the barrier member 282 is flat, but this portion may also be formed with a curved surface that swells upward.

Naturally, when the luer 32 is inserted into the partition wall member 23 and fitted into the fitting hole 211 of the fixing member 21, the shaft member 28 is hollow so that the suction and discharge operations can be smoothly performed by the syringe 30. The distance in the axial direction of the part and the height of the barrier member 282 are set.
Further, in this embodiment, a pair of tongue-like portions 271 are extended downward from the side surface of the cap member 27, and the upper outer periphery of the shaft member 28 is inserted into the locking hole 272 formed in the tongue-like portion 271. By engaging and engaging the engaging claws 281 projecting from the fixing member 27, the fixing member 27 is attached to the shaft member 28, so that the partition wall member 23 is pressed against the upper opening of the shaft member 28. Since it is comprised so that the assembly of the switching part 20 is easy.

Further, in this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the innermost surface on the bottom side of the communication holes 241 and 243 and the bottom surface 284 have the same position along the rotation axis direction, Since it is formed so as to be flush with each other (not shown, it is the same for the communication hole 242), so there is almost no wraparound of the flowing chemical and the like so that no retention occurs in this part. Yes.
<Example 3>
In the first and second embodiments, when the lure 32 of the syringe 30 is fitted into the opening hole 221 of the fixing member 21, the opening hole 221 is engaged with the luer 32 by friction and the syringe 30 is rotated. Although the switching unit 20 is configured to rotate, in order to further improve the engagement between the fixing member 21 and the luer 32, in this embodiment, a portion where the luer 32 and the fixing member 21 are screwed is provided. There is a feature.

  That is, as shown in FIG. 10, a female thread part 213 having a thread groove formed on the inner peripheral surface is provided in the opening of the fixing member 21, and a thread 322 that is screwed into the root part of the luer 32 and the female thread part 213. And the switching unit 20 is also configured to rotate following the rotation of the syringe 30 by firmly screwing the two together. In this case, it is desirable to unify the rotation direction of the syringe 30 for switching the flow path in the direction in which the screw is tightened (right rotation).

In addition, it is possible to improve the engagement between the luer 32 and the fixing member 21 using a known free lock nut or the like.
<Example 4>
In the fourth embodiment, the fixing member 21 is configured to engage not only the luer 32 but also the cylinder 31.

That is, as shown in FIG. 11, in this embodiment, a cylindrical cylinder fitting portion 214 is formed so as to extend upward from the fixing member 21, and the cylinder 312 is fitted and inserted into the cylinder fitting portion 214. The switching unit 20 is configured to rotate following the rotation of the cylinder 31 by friction between the peripheral surface of the cylinder 31 and the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder fitting portion 214.
In addition, when using the syringe 30 in which the luer 32 is not located on the same axis as the cylinder 31, the shape of the cylinder fitting portion 214 is formed in accordance with the shape of the syringe 30. In this case, when the cylinder 31 is rotated about the luer 32 as an axis, the inner surface of the cylinder fitting portion is pushed by the side surface of the cylinder 31 and rotated. Even if the fitting property is not so high, the switching unit 20 can be easily rotated.

In the present embodiment, the engagement between the fitting hole 211 of the fixing member 21 and the luer 32 is not particularly required.
<Example 5>
In each of the above embodiments, the lure 32 of the syringe 30 is inserted into the partition wall member 23 provided with the slit 231 so as to communicate with the cylinder 31 and the inside of the shaft member 22, but in this embodiment, By inserting the injection needle attached to the luer 32 into the partition member, the same effect can be obtained.

FIG. 12 is a front sectional view showing the configuration of the flow path switching apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment.
As shown in the figure, the fixing member 21 is provided with a cylindrical cylinder receiving member 215 extending upward, and a fixing screw 216 for fixing the cylinder 31 is screwed into the screw hole 217. Has been.
No slit is formed in the partition wall member 29, and the operator attaches an injection needle attachment 35 to the tip of the luer 32, pierces the partition wall member 29, and the cylinder 31 is a cylinder receiving member. 215 until it abuts on step 218 of 215. Then, by tightening the cylinder 31 with the fixing screw 216, the cylinder 31 is firmly fixed to the fixing member 21, and the shaft member 22 is reliably rotated following the rotation of the cylinder 31 to switch the flow path accurately. Can do.

In the case where the injection needle is inserted into the partition wall member 29 and used as in the present embodiment, it is often applied when another chemical solution is introduced in the middle of the infusion such as an infusion rather than the rapid transfusion. It will be.
Of course, also in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 11, the fixing screw 216 is not particularly required if the inner diameter of the cylinder receiving member 215 is set to a size that fits the cylinder 31. Conversely, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 11, a fixing screw may be provided to fix the cylinder 31.

<Example 6>
In the first embodiment, the flow paths 123 and 132 of the main body 10 and the hollow portion 25 inside the shaft member 22 are communicated with each other according to the rotational position of the shaft member 22. Although the four communication holes 241 to 243 are formed, in this embodiment, four communication holes 261 to 264 are formed as shown in the cross-sectional view of the main part of the flow path switching device 120 in FIG. ing.

In the present embodiment, the communication holes 261 and 264 are formed at an angle of 180 ° with respect to the rotation axis of the shaft member 22, and the communication holes 262 and 263 each have a central angle with respect to the communication hole 261. They are formed at positions of 60 ° and 120 °.
The diameters of the communication holes 261 to 264 are the same as the diameters of the portions of the flow passages 123 and 132 facing the hollow portion of the bearing portion 11, and the positions of the communication holes 261 to 264 in the axial direction are also shaft members. In accordance with the rotational position of 22, it is provided at a position so as to be combined with the part facing the hollow part of the flow paths 123 and 132. In addition, the configuration is almost the same as that of the first embodiment except that four communication holes are provided.

<Channel Switching Operation of Channel Switching Device 120>
The flow path switching device 120 is used by being connected to the blood transfusion bag 40 and the blood transfusion needle 44 via the tube 42 and the tube 43, respectively, in the same manner as in FIG.
In normal blood transfusion, the rotation position of the switching unit 20 of the flow path switching device 100 is in the “normal” position (see FIG. 1). At this time, the first communication hole 261 and the fourth communication hole 264 are the first and second communication holes, respectively. The first branch part 12 and the second branch part 13 are in communication with each other by being connected to the flow path 123 of the branch part 12 and the flow path 132 of the second branch part 13.

  In the case of rapid blood transfusion, the syringe 30 is attached to the switching unit 20 of the flow path switching device 100 in the same manner as in FIG. 6B, and in this state, the cylinder 31 of the syringe 30 is moved to the right with the luer 32 as the center. When the rotation angle is rotated by 60 °, the communication hole 262 comes to the position of the flow path 123 of the first branch portion 12 as shown in the cross-sectional view of the main part of the flow path switching device 120 in FIG. Since the thirteenth flow path 132 is blocked by the peripheral surface of the shaft member 22, only the flow path 123 of the first branch portion 12 is in communication with the flow path 321 inside the luer 32. In this state, the piston 33 (FIG. 5) of the syringe 30 is pulled to suck the blood in the blood transfusion bag 40 into the cylinder 31, and then the syringe 30 is rotated by 120 ° in the opposite direction to that shown in FIG. ), The communication hole 263 is positioned at the position of the flow path 132 of the second branch portion 13, the piston 33 of the syringe 30 is pushed in, and the blood inside the cylinder 31 is sent out toward the patient.

  In the case of Example 1, since there were only three communication holes, it was necessary to rotate the switching unit 20 by 180 ° in order to switch from the blood suction operation by the syringe 30 to the discharge operation. Then, by providing four communication holes, the rotation angle required for switching the flow path during the syringe operation can be made smaller than 180 ° (120 ° in the above example), and the operability is further improved.

  In this embodiment, the two communication holes 262 and 263 used at the time of rapid blood transfusion are provided at positions that form a central angle of 60 ° with respect to the communication holes 261 and 263, respectively. However, the present invention is not limited to these positions. However, when one communication hole (for example, communication hole 262) of these two communication holes 262 and 263 communicates with one branch portion, the other communication hole (communication hole 263) If there is a positional relationship that does not communicate with the other branch portion, the above switching operation can be executed.

  As mentioned above, although the Example of this invention was described in detail, it cannot be overemphasized that the technical scope of this invention is limited to these Examples, and various modifications can be considered. Further, the embodiments may be implemented in combination as much as possible.

  Since the flow path switching device according to the present invention can switch the flow path only by rotating the pump apparatus main body in a state where the insertion body communicating with the pump apparatus such as a syringe is connected, it is particularly quick and reliable. Therefore, it is suitable as a flow path switching device in the medical field where a simple flow path switching operation is required.

1 is an external perspective view of a flow path switching device according to Embodiment 1. FIG. It is an assembly drawing of the flow-path switching apparatus of FIG. It is front sectional drawing of the flow-path switching apparatus of FIG. FIG. 2 is a plan sectional view of the flow path switching device in FIG. 1. It is a figure which shows the use condition of the flow-path switching apparatus of FIG. (A), (b) is a figure which shows before and after inserting a lure in the slit of the partition member of the flow-path switching apparatus of FIG. 1, respectively. (A), (b) is a figure which shows the mode of the flow-path switching of the said flow-path switching apparatus in the case of rapid blood transfusion. It is a front sectional view showing the configuration of the flow path switching device according to the second embodiment. It is an external appearance perspective view of only the switching part of the flow-path switching apparatus of FIG. FIG. 6 is a front sectional view showing a configuration of a flow path switching device according to a third embodiment. FIG. 10 is a front cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration of a flow path switching device according to a fourth embodiment. FIG. 10 is a front cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration of a flow path switching device according to a fifth embodiment. (A), (b) is a figure which shows the mode of the flow-path switching at the time of rapid blood transfusion in the flow-path switching apparatus based on Example 6. FIG. It is an external appearance perspective view of the conventional three-way cock. (A), (b) is a figure for demonstrating the switching operation in the case of rapid blood transfusion using the three-way cock of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Main body part 11 Bearing part 12 1st branch part
13 Second branch portion 20 Switching portion
21, 27 Fixed member 22, 28 Shaft member 23, 29 Partition member 25 Hollow part 30 Syringe 31 Cylinder 32 Luer 33 Piston 34 Injection needle 100, 110, 120 Flow path switching device 211 Fitting hole
213 Female thread 214 Cylinder fitting
215 Cylinder receiving portion 216 Fixing screw 231 Slit 241-243, 261-264 Communication hole 322 Male thread

Claims (13)

A device main body in which a plurality of branch paths are extended from the hollow chamber and a sliding body inserted into the hollow chamber, and a communication path is formed inside the sliding body, and the sliding body is disposed in the hollow chamber. A flow path switching device that selectively switches one or two or more branch paths and the communication path to switch the flow path by sliding,
The sliding body is
An insertion body receiving means for receiving insertion of a tubular insertion body communicating with the pump device main body, and communicating the communication path inside the sliding body with the insertion body;
A flow path switching device comprising: engagement means for engaging with the insert or the pump device main body. The sliding body has a columnar shape, and an opening communicating with the internal communication path is formed on one end surface of the sliding body.
The insert receiving means is
A partition wall member that allows the insertion body and the inside of the opening to communicate with each other by passing through the tubular insertion body,
The flow path switching device according to claim 1, further comprising: a fixing member that fixes the partition member to the opening in a liquid-tight manner.   3. The flow according to claim 1, wherein the insertion body is a luer, and a slit for receiving the insertion of the luer is formed in a region corresponding to the opening of the partition member. Road switching device. The fixing member has a cover portion provided so as to cover a surface of the partition wall member opposite to the opening of the columnar member,
A through hole is formed in the cover portion at a position corresponding to the slit of the partition wall member, and the diameter of the through hole is set to a size that fits the inserted luer, and the fixing member The flow path switching device according to claim 3, wherein the through hole acts as the engaging means.   The hollow chamber is a cylindrical shaft holding portion, and the apparatus main body is provided with a plurality of branch portions standing on the outer periphery of the shaft portion holding portion, and The sliding body is a columnar shaft portion rotatably inserted into the shaft portion holding portion, and the flow path is switched by rotating the shaft portion. 5. The flow path switching device according to any one of 4 above. The plurality of branch portions are first and second branch portions, and the communication path in the shaft portion is formed in a hollow portion provided in the shaft portion, and on the peripheral surface of the shaft portion. Consisting of at least three communication holes communicating with the section,
Two of the communication holes are provided at positions where the first and second branch portions communicate with the hollow portion at the first rotation position of the shaft portion, respectively.
The other communication hole communicates the first branch portion and the hollow portion at the second rotational position of the shaft portion, and the second branch portion and the hollow portion at the third rotational position of the shaft portion. The flow path switching device according to claim 5, wherein the flow path switching device is provided at a position that communicates with each other. The first and second branch portions are formed at an angle of 180 ° with respect to the central axis of the shaft portion holding portion,
The plurality of communication holes provided on the peripheral surface of the shaft portion are four communication holes from first to fourth, of which the first and second communication holes are located with respect to the central axis of the shaft portion. The third and fourth communication holes are arranged so that the fourth communication hole is the second communication hole when the third communication hole communicates with the first branch portion. The flow path switching device according to claim 6, wherein the flow path switching device is arranged at an angle so as not to communicate with the branch portion.   8. The flow path regulating member is formed in the hollow portion of the shaft portion so as to regulate the liquid flowing inside to detour and flow in the direction of the partition wall member. The flow path switching device according to 1.   In the shaft portion, at least a portion in the vicinity of the communication hole of the shaft portion on the inner wall surface facing the partition member is formed to be flush with a part of the inner peripheral surface of the communication hole. The flow path switching device according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein   The flow path switching device according to claim 1, wherein the pump device is a syringe.   11. The flow path switching device according to claim 1, wherein the flow path switching device is for medical use. A device main body in which a plurality of branch paths are extended from the hollow chamber and a sliding body inserted into the hollow chamber, and a communication path is formed inside the sliding body, and the sliding body is disposed in the hollow chamber. A flow path switching device that selectively switches one or two or more branch paths and the communication path to switch the flow path by sliding,
The sliding body is
A flow path switching device comprising a gripping portion that does not protrude to the outer periphery. The hollow chamber is a cylindrical shaft portion holding portion, and the sliding body is a columnar shaft portion that is rotatably inserted into the shaft portion holding portion, by rotating the shaft portion. The flow path is configured to be switched,
The flow path switching device according to claim 12, wherein the grip portion is a substantially cylindrical member provided on the shaft portion coaxially with the shaft portion.

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