JP2006217460A - Even-harmonic mixer - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To achieve a wide bandwidth of an RF frequency band of an even-harmonic mixer for using a stub to divide an LO wave, an RF signal and an IF signal. <P>SOLUTION: When an LO wave and an RF signal are inputted, respective anti-parallel diode pairs 4 (called diode 4) generate current of an IF frequency band corresponding to a conductance excited by the LO wave and to voltage applied by the RF signal, and signals of Frf-2 Flo frequency components generated by the respective diodes are subjected to in-phase synthesis and outputted as an IF signal from the respective diodes 4. The IF signals outputted from the two diodes 4 are synthesized and then outputted from an IF terminal 3 via a low pass filter 8. Thus, the wide bandwidth of an RF frequency band can be achieved because both ends of a transmission line 9 of 1/2 wavelength are used, as a short-circuit point of an LO wave located at an RF terminal 2 side of the respective diodes, in an LO frequency band in which LO waves are in-phase at its both ends and a stub with an opened end of 1/4 wavelength is not used in an LO wave causing restriction of the conventional RF frequency band. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to an even harmonic mixer used in a transmission / reception apparatus such as a radio communication system in a microwave band and a millimeter wave band, a radar system, and an optical communication system.

FIG. 10 is a circuit configuration diagram of a stub-divided waveform even harmonic mixer used in the microwave band and the millimeter wave band. In FIG. 10, 1 is an LO terminal for inputting LO waves, 2 is an RF terminal for inputting and outputting RF signals, and 3 is an IF terminal for inputting and outputting IF signals. Reference numeral 4 denotes an antiparallel diode pair in which diodes are connected in antiparallel.
The LO wave indicates a local oscillation wave, the RF signal indicates a high frequency signal, and the IF signal indicates an intermediate frequency signal.

Reference numeral 5 denotes a short-circuited short-circuited stub having a half wavelength in the RF frequency band that functions as a filter.
6 is an open stub with a quarter wavelength in the LO frequency band that functions as a filter.
7 is a high-pass filter that passes only the RF frequency band, and 8 is a low-pass filter that passes only the IF frequency band.

  Next, the operation of a general stub-divided waveform even harmonic mixer will be described. Here, a reception mixer that inputs an RF signal and outputs an IF signal in the frequency band of Frf-2 Flo will be described. Frf is the RF frequency and Flo is the LO frequency.

  The LO wave input from the LO terminal 1 applies a voltage in the LO frequency band between the terminals of the anti-parallel diode pair 4 with reference to a short circuit point in the LO frequency band by the open-ended stub 6. The conductance of the antiparallel diode pair 4 changes according to the instantaneous value of the current due to the applied voltage. Here, the tip short-circuited stub 5 is Frf≈2Flo, that is, if the RF frequency band is narrow, the end on the anti-parallel diode pair 5 side is almost open in the LO frequency band. Has little effect on.

  On the other hand, the RF signal input from the RF terminal 2 passes through the high-pass filter 7 and has an RF frequency band between the terminals of the anti-parallel diode pair 4 with reference to the short-circuit point of the RF frequency band by the tip short-circuit stub 5. Apply voltage. Here, the open-ended stub 6 is Frf ≈ 2Flo, that is, if the RF frequency band is narrow, the end on the anti-parallel diode pair 4 side is almost open in the RF frequency band. Has little effect on. Also, the low-pass filter 8 is open in the RF frequency band and thus does not affect the RF signal.

  When the LO wave and the RF signal are input to each input terminal, the anti-parallel diode pair 4 generates an IF frequency band current according to the conductance excited by the LO wave and the voltage applied by the RF signal, An IF signal is output from the IF terminal 3. Here, as the IF signal, the frequency components of Frf-2 Flo generated by each diode of the anti-parallel diode pair 4 are combined in phase and output. Here, if Frf ≒ 2Flo, compared with the RF frequency band and LO frequency band, the frequency of Frf-2Flo in the IF frequency band becomes very small (near DC), and the half wavelength of the RF frequency band and At a line length of a quarter wavelength in the LO frequency band, the direction around the phase becomes very small, so that the short-circuited stub 5 is almost short-circuited in the IF frequency band, and the open-ended stub 6 is almost open in the IF frequency band. Has little effect on the IF signal. Further, the high-pass filter 7 is also open in the IF frequency band, and does not affect the IF signal. (Refer nonpatent literature 1).

“A 40 GHz band monolithic even harmonic mixer with an anti-parallel diode pair” 1991 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest, P.M. 879-882

  The conventional stub-divided waveform even harmonic mixer uses the two stubs as described above to demultiplex the LO wave, RF signal, and IF signal, so it is necessary that Frf ≒ 2Flo. There was a problem that it was difficult to increase the bandwidth.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to widen the RF frequency band.

  The even harmonic mixer according to the present invention includes an LO terminal to which LO waves are input, an RF terminal to which RF signals are input and output, an IF terminal to which IF signals are input and output, and a total length of 2 minutes in the LO frequency band. A one-wavelength transmission line, a first anti-parallel diode pair inserted and connected between the first end which is one end of the transmission line and the LO terminal, and the other end of the transmission line A second anti-parallel diode pair inserted and connected between the second end portion and the LO terminal, and an LO frequency band inserted and connected between the RF terminal and the midpoint of the transmission line, and In the IF frequency band, it passes in the LO frequency band provided in the first connection path between the LO terminal and the first anti-parallel diode pair, and a high-pass or band-pass filter that passes the RF frequency band almost openly Band, RF frequency band and IF frequency band, the first to be a cut-off area and short circuit A filter, a pass band in the LO frequency band provided in the second connection path between the LO terminal and the second anti-parallel diode pair, a cutoff band and a short circuit in the RF frequency band and the IF frequency band. And a low-pass filter that is substantially open in the LO frequency band and the RF frequency band that are inserted and connected between the second end portion and the IF terminal, and that passes the IF frequency band, and the LO terminal LO waves propagating from the first path to the first end through the first connection path and the second path to the second end through the second connection path from the first connection path The arrangement is such that the end portion and the second end portion have the same phase.

  As described above, according to the present invention, an LO wave, an RF signal, and an IF signal can be demultiplexed without using a quarter-wavelength open-ended stub in the LO frequency band, which is a factor limiting the RF frequency band. Since a harmonic mixer can be obtained, the RF frequency band can be widened.

  Further, since the two anti-parallel diode pairs connected to the short-circuit point are connected in parallel to the RF signal and the LO wave, the effect of the parasitic inductor component of each diode pair can be reduced.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
1 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of an even harmonic mixer according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. In FIG. 1, 1 is an LO terminal for inputting LO waves, 2 is an RF terminal for inputting and outputting RF signals, and 3 is an IF terminal for inputting and outputting IF signals. Reference numeral 4 denotes an antiparallel diode pair in which diodes are connected in antiparallel. Here, it is assumed that the characteristics of the two anti-parallel diode pairs are the same. 5 is exemplified as a filter function that is a pass band in the LO frequency band, a cutoff band in the RF frequency band and the IF frequency band, and short-circuited, and is a short-circuited short-circuited stub having a half wavelength in the RF frequency band . Reference numeral 7 denotes a high-pass filter (or band-pass filter) that passes the RF frequency band, and is almost open in the LO frequency band and the IF frequency band. Reference numeral 8 denotes a low-pass filter that passes the IF frequency band, and is almost open in the LO frequency band and the RF frequency band. 9 is a transmission line having a half wavelength in the LO frequency band. Further, the characteristics of the two anti-parallel diode pairs 4 are the same, and the LO wave is in phase at both ends of the transmission line 9. At this time, the middle point of the transmission line 9 is an open point in the LO frequency band, and both ends of the transmission line 9 are short-circuit points in the LO frequency band.

  In the even harmonic mixer of the present invention, the transmission line 9 is equivalent to the case where two quarter-wave transmission lines are connected in the LO frequency band, and the transmission line 9 is not limited to one line. good. In the even harmonic mixer according to the present invention, the LO wave propagating through each path from the LO terminal 1 to both ends of the transmission line 9 is configured to have the same phase at both ends of the transmission line 9.

Next, the operation will be described.
Here, a reception mixer that inputs an RF signal and outputs an IF signal in the frequency band of Frf-2 Flo will be described.

  The LO wave input from the LO terminal 1 applies a voltage having the same phase in the LO frequency band between the terminals of each anti-parallel diode pair 4 with reference to the short-circuit points at both ends of the transmission line 9. The conductance of each anti-parallel diode pair 4 changes according to the instantaneous value of the current due to the applied voltage.

  On the other hand, the RF signal input from the RF terminal 2 passes through the high-pass filter 7 and the RF frequency between the terminals of each anti-parallel diode pair 4 based on the short-circuit point in the RF frequency band by the tip short-circuit stub 5 Apply in-phase voltage across the band. Here, since the low-pass filter 8 is open in the RF frequency band, it does not affect the RF signal. Unlike conventional stub-divided waveform even harmonic mixers, the influence of the quarter-wavelength open-ended stub on the LO frequency band on the RF frequency is eliminated, so the RF band can be widened.

  When the LO wave and the RF signal are input to each input terminal, the conductance excited by the LO signal and the current in the IF frequency band corresponding to the voltage applied by the RF signal are generated in each anti-parallel diode pair 4 Is done. Here, from each anti-parallel diode pair 4, Frf-2 Flo frequency component signals generated by two diodes connected in antiparallel are combined in phase and output as IF signals. The IF signals output from the two anti-parallel diode pairs 4 are combined and then output from the IF terminal 3 via the low-pass filter 8. Here, the frequency component of Frf-2Flo in the IF frequency band is also smaller than the RF frequency band and the LO frequency band, and the high-pass filter 7 is open in the IF frequency band. Does not affect. Further, the tip short-circuit stub 5 is almost short-circuited in the IF frequency band.

  The even harmonic mixer can also be applied as a transmission mixer for inputting an IF signal and outputting an RF signal, and the same effect as described above can be obtained.

  As is apparent from the above, according to the first embodiment, the influence of the open-end stub having a quarter wavelength in the LO frequency band, which is a factor limiting the RF frequency band in the conventional example, can be removed. The effect is that the RF frequency band can be widened.

  Further, since the two anti-parallel diode pairs 4 connected to the short-circuit point are connected in parallel to the RF signal and the LO wave, an effect of reducing the influence of the parasitic inductor component of each diode pair 4 is achieved. In particular, it is effective in realizing a mixer in a relatively high frequency band using discrete components.

  The low-pass filter 8 connected to the IF terminal 3 is connected to one end of the transmission line 9, that is, a short-circuit point in the LO frequency band, and the LO wave input from the LO terminal 1 Therefore, it is totally reflected to the input side, so that the amount of leakage of LO waves to the low-pass filter 8 and the IF terminal 3 is reduced.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of an even harmonic mixer according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. In the figure, the same reference numerals as those in FIG.

  In the first embodiment, the low-pass filter 8 is configured to be connected between the RF terminal side of one of the antiparallel diode pairs 4 and the IF terminal 3. However, the second embodiment is a low-pass filter. The bandpass filter 8 is connected between the midpoint of the transmission line 9 and the IF terminal 3, and in the LO frequency band that is a factor limiting the RF frequency band in the conventional example as in the first embodiment. Since the influence of the 1/4 wavelength tip open stub can be removed, the RF frequency band can be widened.

  Further, as in the first embodiment, the effect of reducing the influence of the parasitic inductor component of each diode pair is achieved.

In addition, since the IF signals generated by the diode pairs can be synthesized in phase, the output level of the IF signal is increased.
Since the LO wave is also in-phase combined, the amount of LO wave leaking into the IF terminal is larger than that of the configuration shown in the first embodiment.

Embodiment 3 FIG.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of an even harmonic mixer according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. In the figure, the same reference numerals as those in FIG.

  In the first embodiment, the low-pass filter 8 is configured to be connected between the RF terminal side of one of the anti-parallel diode pairs 4 and the IF terminal 3. The low-pass filter 8 is inserted between each RF terminal side of the two anti-parallel diode pairs 4 and the IF terminal 3 so as to have a symmetrical configuration. As in the first embodiment, the RF in the conventional example is used. Since the influence of the quarter-wavelength open-ended stub can be removed in the LO frequency band, which is a factor limiting the frequency band, the effect of widening the RF frequency band can be achieved.

  The two low-pass filters 8 connected to the IF terminal 3 are respectively connected to two terminals of the transmission line 9, that is, two short-circuit points in the LO frequency band. Since each LO wave branched into two is totally reflected to the input side at each of the short-circuit points, there is an effect of reducing the leakage amount of the LO wave to the two low-pass filters 8 and the IF terminal 3. On the other hand, the IF signal generated by each diode pair is synthesized in the same phase and output from the IF terminal 3, so that the output level is increased.

Embodiment 4 FIG.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of an even harmonic mixer according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. In the figure, the same reference numerals as those in FIG. Reference numeral 10 denotes a transmission line having a half wavelength in the LO frequency band. In the LO frequency band, both ends are short-circuited points as in the first embodiment. Further, the transmission line 10 has a function as an impedance transformer that performs impedance matching between the RF terminal 2 and the high-pass filter 7 and each anti-parallel diode pair 4 in the RF frequency band. The line width is optimized for matching.

  In the fourth embodiment, the transmission line 9 of the first embodiment is replaced with a transmission line 10 having a function as an impedance transformer in the RF frequency band, and the transmission line 10 is an anti-parallel diode pair 4. Impedance of the LO terminal 1 side from the RF terminal 2 side and the impedance of the RF line 2 side from the midpoint of the transmission line 10 that is a branching point from the RF terminal 2 to two anti-parallel diode pairs By performing matching, the RF frequency band can be further widened as compared with the first embodiment.

Embodiment 5. FIG.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of an even harmonic mixer according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention. In the figure, the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 11 is a tip open stub having a quarter wavelength in the RF frequency band, and 12 is a tip short-circuit stub having a half wavelength or less in the RF frequency band.

  In the first embodiment, the short-circuit point in the RF frequency band and the short-circuit point in the IF frequency band are determined by the short-circuited short-circuit stub having a half wavelength in the RF frequency band. Is a configuration in which a tip open stub 11 having a quarter wavelength in the RF frequency band and a tip short-circuiting stub 12 having a half wavelength or less in the RF frequency band are connected in parallel. The short-circuit point of the RF frequency band is determined by the tip open stub 11 of one wavelength, and the tip short-circuit stub of almost half wavelength in the IF frequency band is formed by the tip short-circuit stub 12 of half or less wavelength in the RF frequency band, The short-circuit point in the IF frequency band is determined. Therefore, since the influence of the quarter-wavelength open-ended stub can be removed in the LO frequency band, which is a factor limiting the RF frequency band in the conventional example, the RF frequency band can be widened, etc. The same effects as in the first embodiment are obtained.

Embodiment 6 FIG.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of an even harmonic mixer according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention. In the figure, the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 13 is a lumped constant capacitor with one side grounded, and 14 is a lumped constant inductor with one side grounded.

  In the first embodiment, the short-circuit point in the RF frequency band and the short-circuit point in the IF frequency band are determined by the short-circuited short-circuit stub having a half wavelength in the RF frequency band. Is a configuration in which a lumped constant capacitor 13 grounded on one side and a lumped constant inductor 14 grounded on one side are connected in parallel, and a short circuit point in the RF frequency band is determined by the lumped constant capacitor 13 grounded on one side. The short-circuit point in the IF frequency band is determined by the lumped constant inductor 14 grounded on one side. Therefore, since the influence of the quarter-wavelength open-ended stub can be removed in the LO frequency band, which is a factor limiting the RF frequency band in the conventional example, the RF frequency band can be widened, etc. The same effects as in the first embodiment are obtained.

Embodiment 7 FIG.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of an even harmonic mixer according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention. In the figure, the same reference numerals as those in FIG.

  In the first embodiment, a half-wavelength short-circuited stub 5 having a half wavelength in the RF frequency band is connected in parallel between the branch point dividing the LO terminal into two anti-parallel diode pairs and each anti-parallel diode pair. In the seventh embodiment, one end short-circuit stub 5 having a half wavelength in the RF frequency band is connected in parallel between the branch point and the LO terminal 1. It is a thing of composition. Therefore, the same effects as those of the first embodiment can be obtained.

  The even harmonic mixer according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention has the effect of downsizing the even harmonic mixer according to the first embodiment.

  In addition, although the said Embodiment 7 illustrated and demonstrated the case where it applied with respect to FIG. 1 of Embodiment 1, it can apply similarly not only to this but FIGS. There is an effect of downsizing the wave mixer. Further, the configuration using one half wavelength short-circuited short-circuit stub 5 in the RF frequency band described in the seventh embodiment is divided into two in the RF frequency band described in the fifth or sixth embodiment. Even if a configuration in place of the one-wavelength tip short-circuited stub 5 is used, it can be configured in the same manner as in the seventh embodiment, and this can also be applied in the same manner as in FIGS. Play.

Embodiment 8 FIG.
FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of the orthogonal mixer according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 to FIG. 15 is an LO terminal that inputs an LO wave to the quadrature mixer, 16 is an RF terminal that inputs and outputs an RF signal to the quadrature mixer, 17 is an IF terminal that inputs and outputs the in-phase component of the IF signal to the quadrature mixer, and 18 is an IF terminal to the quadrature mixer. This is an IF terminal that inputs and outputs the orthogonal component of the signal. Reference numeral 19 denotes any of the even harmonic mixers shown in the first to seventh embodiments. Reference numeral 20 denotes a distributor that distributes the LO signal in phase, and reference numeral 21 denotes a distributor / combiner that distributes and synthesizes the RF signal by 90 °. As described above, the eighth embodiment is a quadrature mixer configured by using any even harmonic mixer shown in the first to seventh embodiments as a unit mixer.

Next, the operation will be described.
Here, for example, the operation of the reception orthogonal mixer that inputs an RF signal and outputs an IF signal in the frequency band of Frf-2Flo will be described.
The LO waves input from the LO terminal 15 are distributed in phase by the duplexer 20 and input to the LO terminals 1 of the two even harmonic mixers 19 used as unit mixers. At this time, the phases of the LO waves input to the two even harmonic mixers are in phase. On the other hand, the RF signal input from the RF terminal 16 is distributed by 90 ° by the distribution synthesizer 21 and input to the RF terminals 2 of the two even harmonic mixers 19 used as unit mixers. At this time, the phase difference between the RF signals input to the two even harmonic mixers is 90 °. Each even harmonic mixer to which the LO wave and RF signal are input outputs an IF signal in the frequency band of Frf-2Flo from each IF terminal 3. At this time, the phase difference between the IF signals output from the two even harmonic mixers is 90 °. These two IF signals are output from the IF terminal 17 and the IF terminal 18 as an in-phase component and a quadrature component.

  As is clear from the above, since the even harmonic mixer having a wide band of the RF frequency band shown in the first to seventh embodiments is used as the unit mixer, the RF band of the orthogonal mixer is also widened. The effect which can be done is produced.

  Further, by using the even harmonic mixer that is less affected by the parasitic inductance component of the anti-parallel diode pair shown in the first to seventh embodiments as a unit mixer, reflection characteristics at the RF terminal and the LO terminal of the unit mixer are used. Thus, the RF signal distribution synthesizer and the LO wave demultiplexer can be easily matched, and the amplitude error and phase error of the in-phase component and the quadrature component can be reduced, so that the quadrature accuracy can be improved.

  Further, by using the even harmonic mixer with a small amount of LO wave leakage into the IF terminal shown in the first embodiment and the third to seventh embodiments as the unit mixer, the in-phase component and the quadrature component can be reduced. Since unnecessary LO leakage waves output to the IF terminal to be extracted can be reduced, the orthogonal accuracy can be improved.

Embodiment 9 FIG.
FIG. 9 is a configuration explanatory view showing the configuration of an image rejection mixer according to Embodiment 9 of the present invention. In the figure, the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 to FIG. 22 is an LO terminal for inputting an LO wave to the image rejection mixer, 23 is an RF terminal for inputting / outputting an RF signal to / from the image rejection mixer, and 24 is an IF terminal for inputting / outputting an IF signal to the image rejection mixer. 25 is a distributor that distributes the LO signal with a phase difference of θ _LO , 26 is a distributor / combiner that distributes and combines the _RF signal with a phase difference of θ _RF , and 27 is a distributor / combiner that distributes and _combines the IF signal with a phase difference of θ _IF. It is a vessel. As described above, the ninth embodiment is an image rejection mixer configured by using any even harmonic mixer shown in the first to seventh embodiments as a unit mixer.

Next, the operation will be described.
Here, for example, an operation of a reception image rejection mixer that inputs an RF signal and outputs an IF signal in a frequency band of Frf-2Flo will be described.
The LO wave input from the LO terminal 22 is distributed by the duplexer 25 and is input to the LO terminals 1 of the two even harmonic mixers 19 used as unit mixers. At this time, the phase difference between the LO waves input to the two even harmonic mixers is θ _LO . On the other hand, the RF signal input from the RF terminal 23 is distributed by the distribution synthesizer 26 and input to the RF terminals 2 of the two even harmonic mixers 19 used as unit mixers. At this time, the phase difference between the RF signals input to the two even harmonic mixers is θ _RF . Each even harmonic mixer to which the LO wave and RF signal are input outputs an IF signal in the frequency band of Frf-2Flo from each IF terminal 3. The IF signals output from these two even harmonic mixers are synthesized by a distribution synthesizer 27 that divides and synthesizes with the phase difference of θ _IF and is output from the IF terminal 24. At this time, the relationship between the phases is as follows. When this relationship is satisfied, the desired IF signal is synthesized in phase and the unnecessary image signal is canceled.
θ _RF -θ _LO + θ _IF = 2mπ
θ _LO -θ _RF + θ _IF = (2n + 1) π
Here, m and n are integers.

  As is clear from the above, since the even harmonic mixer having the widened RF frequency band shown in the first to seventh embodiments is used as the unit mixer, the RF frequency band of the image rejection mixer is widened. There is an effect that can be realized.

  Further, by using the even harmonic mixer that is less affected by the parasitic inductance component of the anti-parallel diode pair shown in the first to seventh embodiments as a unit mixer, reflection characteristics at the RF terminal and the LO terminal of the unit mixer are used. Is improved, and matching with the RF signal distribution synthesizer and the LO wave demultiplexer can be easily achieved, and the error component of the amplitude and phase can be reduced, so that the image rejection ratio can be improved.

  Further, by using the even harmonic mixer with a small amount of leakage of the LO wave into the IF terminal shown in the first embodiment and the third to seventh embodiments as the unit mixer, the unit mixer can be connected between two unit mixers. Since the amount of LO wave leakage can be reduced, the image rejection ratio can be improved.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a configuration explanatory diagram illustrating a configuration of an even harmonic mixer according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. It is a structure explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the even harmonic mixer concerning Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a structure explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the even harmonic mixer concerning Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is a structure explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the even harmonic mixer concerning Embodiment 4 of this invention. It is a structure explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the even harmonic mixer concerning Embodiment 5 of this invention. It is a structure explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the even harmonic mixer concerning Embodiment 6 of this invention. It is a structure explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the even harmonic mixer concerning Embodiment 7 of this invention. It is a structure explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the orthogonal mixer concerning Embodiment 8 of this invention. It is a structure explanatory drawing which shows the structure of the image rejection mixer concerning Embodiment 9 of this invention. It is a circuit block diagram of the conventional general stub part waveform even harmonic mixer.

Explanation of symbols

1 LO terminal, 2 RF terminal, 3 IF terminal, 4 anti-parallel diode pair, 1/2 wavelength short-circuited short-circuited stub in 6 RF frequency band, 6 quarter-wavelength open-ended stub in 6 LO frequency band, 7 RF High-pass filter (or band-pass filter) that passes the frequency band, Low-pass filter that passes the 8 IF frequency band, Transmission line of half wavelength in 9 LO frequency band, Impedance transformer in 10 RF frequency band A half-wavelength transmission line in the LO frequency band having a function as: a quarter-wavelength open-ended stub in the 11 RF frequency band, a short-circuited short-circuited stub in the RF frequency band of less than a half wavelength, 13 Lumped constant capacitor with one side grounded, 14 Lumped constant inductor with one side grounded, 15 LO terminal for inputting LO wave to quadrature mixer, 16 RF terminal for inputting / outputting RF signal to quadrature mixer, 17 quadrature mixer The in-phase component of the IF signal IF terminal for output, IF terminal for input / output of quadrature component of IF signal to 18 quadrature mixer, 19 even harmonic mixer, distributor for distributing LO signal in phase, 21 distribution synthesizer for distributing and synthesizing RF signal by 90 °, 22 LO terminal to input LO wave to image rejection mixer, 23 RF terminal to input / output RF signal to image rejection mixer, 24 IF terminal to input / output IF signal to image rejection mixer, 25 LO signal to θ _LO A distribution synthesizer for distributing and synthesizing 26 RF signals with a phase difference of θ _RF , and a distribution synthesizer for distributing and synthesizing 27 IF signals with a phase difference of θ _IF .

Claims (14)

LO terminal for inputting LO wave, RF terminal for inputting / outputting RF signal, IF terminal for inputting / outputting IF signal, transmission line having a full length of 1/2 wavelength in LO frequency band, and the transmission A first antiparallel diode pair inserted and connected between a first end which is one end of a line and the LO terminal; a second end which is the other end of the transmission line; and the LO The second anti-parallel diode pair inserted and connected between the terminal and the LO frequency band and IF frequency band inserted and connected between the RF terminal and the midpoint of the transmission line are almost open and the RF frequency band. In a passband, RF frequency band and IF frequency band in a LO frequency band provided in a first connection path between the LO terminal and the first anti-parallel diode pair A first filter having a cutoff region and a short circuit, the LO terminal, and the second filter A second filter that is provided in a second connection path between the anti-parallel diode pair and that is a pass band in the LO frequency band, a cutoff band in the RF frequency band and an IF frequency band, and a short circuit; the second end; A low-pass filter that is almost open in the LO frequency band and the RF frequency band inserted and connected between the IF terminal and passes the IF frequency band, and passes through the first connection path from the LO terminal. LO waves propagating through the first path leading to one end and the second path leading to the second end via the second connection path are in phase at the first end and the second end An even harmonic mixer having an arrangement configuration as follows. LO terminal for inputting LO wave, RF terminal for inputting / outputting RF signal, IF terminal for inputting / outputting IF signal, transmission line having a full length of 1/2 wavelength in LO frequency band, and the transmission A first antiparallel diode pair inserted and connected between a first end which is one end of a line and the LO terminal; a second end which is the other end of the transmission line; and the LO The second anti-parallel diode pair inserted and connected between the terminal and the LO frequency band and IF frequency band inserted and connected between the RF terminal and the midpoint of the transmission line are almost open and the RF frequency band. In a passband, RF frequency band and IF frequency band in a LO frequency band provided in a first connection path between the LO terminal and the first anti-parallel diode pair A first filter having a cutoff region and a short circuit, the LO terminal, and the second filter A second filter that is provided in a second connection path between the anti-parallel diode pair in the LO frequency band, a pass band in the LO frequency band, an RF frequency band, and an IF frequency band, and a short circuit; and a midpoint of the transmission line; A low-pass filter that is substantially open in the LO frequency band and the RF frequency band inserted and connected between the IF terminal and passes the IF frequency band, and passes through the first connection path from the LO terminal. The LO wave propagating through the first path leading to the first end and the second path leading to the second end via the second connection path is the same at the first end and the second end. An even harmonic mixer that has a phased arrangement. LO terminal for inputting LO wave, RF terminal for inputting / outputting RF signal, IF terminal for inputting / outputting IF signal, transmission line having a full length of 1/2 wavelength in LO frequency band, and the transmission A first antiparallel diode pair inserted and connected between a first end which is one end of a line and the LO terminal; a second end which is the other end of the transmission line; and the LO The second anti-parallel diode pair inserted and connected between the terminal and the LO frequency band and IF frequency band inserted and connected between the RF terminal and the midpoint of the transmission line are almost open and the RF frequency band. In a passband, RF frequency band and IF frequency band in a LO frequency band provided in a first connection path between the LO terminal and the first anti-parallel diode pair A first filter having a cutoff region and a short circuit, the LO terminal, and the second filter A second filter that is provided in a second connection path between the anti-parallel diode pair in a LO frequency band, a pass band in the LO frequency band, an RF frequency band, and an IF frequency band, and a short circuit; the first end; In the LO frequency band and RF frequency band inserted and connected between the IF terminal, the first low-pass filter that allows the IF frequency band to pass almost open, and is inserted between the second end and the IF terminal. A second low-pass filter that allows the IF frequency band to pass almost open in the connected LO frequency band and RF frequency band, and from the LO terminal to the first end via the first connection path Arrangement configuration in which LO waves propagating through the first path reaching the second path and the second path reaching the second end via the second connection path have the same phase at the first end and the second end An even harmonic mixer. The even harmonic mixer according to claim 1, 2, or 3, wherein the first connection path and the second connection path are formed by connecting respective LO terminal sides, and the branch point. And a common path between the LO terminal and the LO frequency band provided in the common path instead of the first filter and the second filter in the pass band, RF frequency band and IF frequency band An even harmonic mixer comprising a filter that has a cutoff region and a short circuit. The even harmonic mixer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first filter is a half-wavelength tip short-circuited stub in an RF frequency band connected in parallel to the first connection path, An even harmonic mixer characterized by being a short-circuited short-circuited stub having a half wavelength in an RF frequency band in which the second filter is connected in parallel to the second connection path. 4. The even harmonic mixer according to claim 1, wherein a quarter-wavelength open-ended stub is formed in an RF frequency band in which the first filter is connected in parallel to the first connection path, respectively. A short-circuited short-stub stub shorter than a half wavelength in the RF frequency band, and a quarter-wavelength open-ended stub and an RF frequency band in the RF frequency band in which the second filter is connected in parallel to the second connection path, respectively. An even harmonic mixer characterized by a short-circuited short-circuited stub shorter than a half wavelength. 4. The even harmonic mixer according to claim 1, wherein the first filter is connected in parallel to the first connection path, and one end is grounded and the concentrated constant capacitor is grounded on one side. An even harmonic mixer comprising a constant inductor, a lumped constant capacitor having one end grounded and a lumped constant inductor having one end grounded, wherein the second filter is connected in parallel to the second connection path. . 5. The even harmonic mixer according to claim 4, wherein the filter is a first short-circuited stub having a half wavelength in an RF frequency band in which the filter is connected in parallel to the common path. 5. The even harmonic mixer according to claim 4, wherein the first tip open stub having a quarter wavelength in the RF frequency band in which the filter is connected in parallel to the common path, and being shorter than a half wavelength in the RF frequency band. An even harmonic mixer characterized by a short-circuited stub at the tip. 5. The even harmonic mixer according to claim 4, wherein the filter is a lumped constant capacitor having one end grounded and a lumped constant inductor having one end grounded, each of which is connected in parallel to the common path. . 11. The even harmonic mixer according to claim 1, wherein a function as an impedance transformer in an RF frequency band for the RF signal is added to the transmission line. 11. The even harmonic mixer according to claim 1, wherein the LO terminal side is expected from each of the first end and the second end, and the RF terminal side from the middle point. An even harmonic mixer characterized in that impedance matching with the expected impedance is formed by adjusting the line width of the transmission line. 13. Two even harmonic mixers according to any one of claims 1 to 12 are provided as unit mixers, and an RF signal is input / output with a phase difference of 90 ° to each RF terminal of the two unit mixers. A quadrature mixer comprising: a 90 ° distributor / synthesizer; and an in-phase distributor that inputs an LO wave in phase to each LO terminal of the two unit mixers. A distribution which has two even harmonic mixers according to any one of claims 1 to 12 as unit mixers, and inputs and outputs RF signals with a predetermined phase difference to respective RF terminals of the two unit mixers. A combiner, a distributor for inputting LO waves with a predetermined phase difference to the LO terminals of the two unit mixers, and an IF signal with a predetermined phase difference to the IF terminals of the two unit mixers. An image rejection mixer comprising a distribution synthesizer for input and output.

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