JP2006215504A - Valve mechanism of wind instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a valve with which blowing feeling is made good, the size is made compact and the weight is light by eliminating tube bending having a sharp angle and sudden change in the inner radius of the tube at the valve section. <P>SOLUTION: In the valve mechanism of a wind instrument, a piston has a first piston opening section as an end face and second, third and fourth piston opening sections at the side surface. The first and the second piston opening sections are connected by a first air path and the second and the third piston opening sections are connected by a second air path, respectively. A casing, which airtightly stores the piston, is provided with first, second, third and fourth casing opening sections at the positions where the first, the second, the third and the fourth piston opening sections are matched with, when the piston is located at a first position and moreover, each opening section is arranged so that when the piston is located at a second position, the first piston opening section matches with the first casing opening section and the second piston opening section matches with the third casing opening section. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to an air flow path selection valve mechanism for a wind instrument, particularly a brass instrument, especially a trombone, for changing the overall length of a pipe by changing the air flow path to obtain different pitches.

  Brass instruments are equipped with a valve mechanism that normally switches the air flow path in order to produce sounds other than natural overtones and to play chromatic scales. That is, a valve is provided in the middle of the main pipe from the singing sung to the morning glory, and the valve operation is performed by adding a detour pipe having the valve section as a starting point and an end point, so that the air that has reached the valve section through the main pipe The air flow is switched so that the air flows again into the main pipe through the bypass pipe, and as a result, the overall length of the pipe from the singing lip to the morning glory becomes longer, thereby changing the pitch. Usually, about three valves and accompanying detour pipes are provided in the musical instrument, and by combining this with natural overtones, it is possible to perform a half-tone performance of several octaves.

  Among the brass instruments, the trombone can play a chromatic scale by changing the length of the slide, and there is no need to equip it with a valve. However, most of the existing trombones have one or two valve mechanisms in addition to the slides to assist in complicated slide operations and to enable lower sounds.

  Conventionally, the valve mechanism for the trombone has been diverted mainly to rotary valves used in other brass instruments. This valve disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,095,504, however, the inner diameter of the pipe is sharply narrowed at the valve section, and the pipe bends at an angle of 90 degrees or more, causing turbulence of the air passing through the pipe, There was a disadvantage that it adversely affected. Further, in order to overcome this disadvantage, a valve described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-211498 has been developed. However, since this valve is large, there is a disadvantage that it is difficult to perform by hitting the player's neck or chin.

  In the present invention, there is no sudden change in the inner diameter of the tube in the valve portion, and there is no sharp bending of the tube, so that the feeling of blowing is good, and since it has a compact structure, it is light and does not interfere with performance. The object is to provide a valve with good operability.

  A wind instrument valve mechanism according to the present invention includes a piston and a casing for housing the piston, and has a structure in which an air flow path can be selected by adjusting the position of the piston by an external means.

The structure of the wind instrument valve mechanism according to the present invention will be described in detail below. The piston has a columnar shape having a first end surface, a second end surface, and a side surface connecting the two end surfaces in the longitudinal direction, the first piston opening portion serving as the first end surface, and the second piston opening portion serving as a second piston opening portion. And the first and second piston openings are connected by a first air passage that passes through the interior of the piston, and a third piston opening is provided on the side surface of the piston. 2 near the end surface of the second piston opening and the longitudinal direction of the piston adjacent to each other, and a fourth piston opening portion from the third piston opening near the second end surface of the side surface. The third and fourth piston openings are connected by a second air passage that passes through the interior of the piston.
On the other hand, the casing accommodates the piston in an airtight manner and allows the piston to slide in the longitudinal direction to take the first and second positions, and when the piston is in the first position. In addition, first, second, third, and fourth casing openings are respectively provided at positions that are aligned with the first, second, third, and fourth piston openings on the piston.
In addition to the above, the arrangement of the first, second, third and fourth piston openings on the piston and the first, second, third and fourth casing openings on the casing. The arrangement is such that when the piston is in the second position, the first piston opening and the first casing opening are aligned, and the second piston opening and the third casing opening. It has been devised to align the parts.

The operation of the wind instrument valve mechanism according to the present invention having the above-described structure will be described in detail below. When the piston is in the first position, the air introduced into the piston from the outside of the casing through the first casing opening and the first piston opening is the first air passage. Passing through the second piston opening and the second casing opening through the outside of the casing, or from the outside of the casing through the second casing opening and the second piston opening. Air flow through the first air passage through the first piston passage and the first casing opening to the outside of the casing is secured, and at the same time, Air introduced from the outside of the casing into the piston through the fourth casing opening and the fourth piston opening. Passing through the second air passage and passing through the third piston opening and the third casing opening to the outside of the casing, or from the outside of the casing, the third casing opening and the third casing An air flow path through which air introduced into the piston through the piston opening passes through the second air passage and passes through the fourth piston opening and the fourth casing opening to the outside of the casing. Secured,
When the piston is in the second position, the air introduced into the piston from the outside of the casing through the first casing opening and the first piston opening is the first air passage. Passing through the second piston opening and the third casing opening through the outside of the casing, or from the outside of the casing through the third casing opening and the second piston opening. An air flow path through which the air introduced into the piston passes through the first air passage and passes through the first piston opening and the first casing opening to the outside of the casing is secured. The air flow path can be selected by adjusting the position of the piston.

  In the valve mechanism for wind instruments according to the present invention, the structure and function of which have been described in detail above, there is no sudden change in the inner diameter of the pipe in the valve section, and there is no sharp bending of the pipe, so that the feeling of wind is good and the compactness is further achieved. Because it has a structure, it is light and can realize a valve with good operability that does not interfere with performance.

  As a secondary effect, it is noteworthy that it is easy to disassemble, has excellent maintainability, and has a simple structure, so that the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

  An example of an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 1, FIG. 2, and FIG. FIG. 1 is an exploded side view showing an embodiment of a wind instrument valve mechanism according to the present invention, and FIGS. 2 and 3 show first and second positions taken by a piston in the wind instrument valve mechanism according to the present invention. It is the figure demonstrated typically.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the main parts of the valve according to the present invention are a casing 1 and a piston 2, to which a casing cap 3 is attached. The main casing 4 is provided in the first casing opening 1a of the casing 1, the bypass pipe 6 is provided in the second casing opening 2a, the main pipe 5 is provided in the third casing opening 3a, and the fourth casing opening 4a. A detour pipe 7 is connected to each. The piston 2 is provided with a first piston opening 1b, a second piston opening 2b, a third piston opening 3b, and a fourth piston opening 4b, respectively, and the first piston opening 1b and the second piston opening 2b. The piston opening 2b is a first air passage 8 passing through the inside of the piston 2, and the third piston opening 3b and the fourth piston opening 4b are connected by a second air passage 9, respectively. .

  In the wind instrument valve mechanism according to the present invention having the above-described structure, how the pipe is switched when the position of the piston 2 changes will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 2 is a schematic view when the piston 2 takes the first position. At this time, the part of the first casing opening 1a and the part of the first piston opening 1b are aligned, the part of the second casing opening 2a and the part of the second piston opening 2b are aligned, and the third The portion of the casing opening 3a and the portion of the third piston opening 3b are aligned, and the portion of the fourth casing opening 4a and the portion of the fourth piston opening 4b are aligned.

  The air flow path at this time is indicated by an arrow in the figure. That is, air enters the valve from the main pipe 4 via the first casing opening 1 a of the casing 1, enters the piston 2 from the first piston opening 1 b and passes through the first air passage 8. The second piston opening 2b passes through the second casing opening 2a and enters the bypass pipe 6 at the same time. Since the bypass pipe 6 is connected to the bypass pipe 7 with an appropriate pipe length, the air that has passed through the bypass pipe 6 enters the valve again from the bypass pipe 7, and the fourth casing opening 4 a and the fourth piston opening Passes through the portion 4b, passes through the second air passage 9, and passes through the third casing opening 3a and the third piston opening 3b to the main pipe 5. The first position of the piston described here is a position when the pipe length from the singer of the musical instrument to the morning glory is lengthened by returning the air of the main pipe to the main pipe via the bypass pipe.

  FIG. 3 is a schematic view when the piston takes the second position. At this time, the part of the first casing opening 1a and the part of the first piston opening 1b are aligned, and the part of the third casing opening 3a and the part of the second piston opening 2b are aligned.

  The air flow path at this time is indicated by an arrow in the figure. That is, air enters the valve from the main pipe 4 through the first casing opening 1a of the casing 1, enters the piston 2 from the first piston opening 1b, passes through the first air passage 8, and passes through the first air passage 8. The second pipe opening 2b and the third casing opening 3a pass through the main pipe 5. The second position of the piston described here is a position when the pipe length from the singer of the musical instrument to the morning glory is short, in which air passes only through the main pipe and does not pass through the bypass pipe.

  Switching between the first position and the second position of the piston 2 is performed by operating the operating rod 10 shown in FIG.

  The best mode for carrying out the wind instrument valve mechanism according to the present invention has been described above. The details of the embodiment will be supplemented below.

  For controlling the position of the piston 2, it is desirable to provide a spring mechanism associated with the piston 2 or the operating rod 10 inside or outside the casing 1. Due to the spring mechanism, the piston 2 is fixed at the second position in the normal state. Even if the instrument player operates the operating rod 10 to move the piston 2 to the first position, the piston 2 is added to the operating rod 10 thereafter. When the applied force is released, the piston 2 can naturally return to the second position.

  In FIG. 1, the mounting position of the operating rod 10 is the end surface of the piston 2, but the longitudinal side surface of the piston 2 may be used. In this case, it is necessary to cut a groove having a width that allows the thickness of the operating rod 10 in the casing 1 in accordance with the movable range of the operating rod 10.

  In the best mode for carrying out the present invention described above, the discussion has been made on the assumption that the pipe led from the singer of the wind instrument is connected to the main pipe 4 and the pipe from the main pipe 5 to the morning glory is led. However, the valve mechanism for wind instruments according to the present invention functions effectively even when a configuration in which the pipe connected to the main pipe 5 is connected to the main pipe 5 and the pipe connection to the morning glory is reversed is used. . The air flow path in this case reversely follows the air flow path described above as the best mode for carrying out the present invention.

  1 is an exploded side view showing an embodiment of a wind instrument valve mechanism according to the present invention. In FIG. 1, the inner diameter and outer diameter of the casing 1 are equal to the inner diameter and outer diameter of the main pipe 4. To be connected to. However, for example, it is also possible to employ a structure in which the outer diameter of the piston 2 is made larger and the inner diameter and outer diameter of the casing 1 are made larger accordingly. In this case, since the outer diameter of the piston 2 is increased, the first air passage 8 is designed to have a degree of freedom, and an air passage having the same inner diameter at any part and a more gentle curvature can be designed. On the other hand, however, the adoption of the above structure results in the formation of a groove along the inner diameter of the casing 1 between the connecting surface where the main pipe 4 is connected to the casing 1 and the end surface of the piston 2 having the first piston opening 1b. Especially when the piston 2 takes the second position, the width of the groove in the longitudinal direction of the piston 2 is large. Therefore, the first air passage 8 is extended from the first piston opening 1b of the piston 2 to the main pipe 4 side by a thin-walled pipe, and the pipe has a length sufficient to fill the groove and the main pipe. Thus, it is necessary to devise such a structure that the air-tight sliding motion can be performed along the inner surface of 4.

  It is a side view which decomposes | disassembles and shows one Example of the valve mechanism for wind instruments by this invention.   It is the figure which demonstrated typically the 1st position which a piston takes in the valve mechanism for wind instruments by this invention.   It is the figure which demonstrated typically the 2nd position which a piston takes in the valve mechanism for wind instruments by this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Casing 2 Piston 3 Casing cap 4 Main pipe 5 Main pipe 6 Detour pipe 7 Detour pipe 8 1st air path 9 2nd air path 10 Control rod 1a 1st casing opening 2a 2nd casing opening 3a 3rd 3rd Casing opening 4a 4th casing opening 1b 1st piston opening 2b 2nd piston opening 3b 3rd piston opening 4b 4th piston opening

Claims (1)

A piston and a casing for housing the piston;
The piston has a columnar shape having a first end surface, a second end surface, and a side surface connecting the two end surfaces in the longitudinal direction, the first piston opening portion serving as the first end surface, and the second piston opening portion serving as a second piston opening portion. And the first and second piston openings are connected by a first air passage that passes through the interior of the piston, and a third piston opening is provided on the side surface of the piston. 2 near the end surface of the second piston opening and the longitudinal direction of the piston adjacent to each other, and a fourth piston opening portion from the third piston opening near the second end surface of the side surface. And the third and fourth piston openings are connected by a second air passage through the interior of the piston,
The casing hermetically houses the piston and allows the piston to slide longitudinally to assume first and second positions, and when the piston is in the first position; Each of the first, second, third, and fourth casing openings on the piston to be aligned with the first, second, third, and fourth piston openings; and The arrangement of the first, second, third and fourth piston openings on the piston and the arrangement of the first, second, third and fourth casing openings on the casing are the piston Is in the second position so that the first piston opening and the first casing opening are aligned, and the second piston opening and the third casing opening are aligned. Devised to
When the piston is in the first position, the air introduced into the piston from the outside of the casing through the first casing opening and the first piston opening is the first air passage. Passing through the second piston opening and the second casing opening through the outside of the casing, or from the outside of the casing through the second casing opening and the second piston opening. Air flow through the first air passage through the first piston passage and the first casing opening to the outside of the casing is secured, and at the same time, Air introduced from the outside of the casing into the piston through the fourth casing opening and the fourth piston opening. Passing through the second air passage and passing through the third piston opening and the third casing opening to the outside of the casing, or from the outside of the casing, the third casing opening and the third casing An air flow path through which air introduced into the piston through the piston opening passes through the second air passage and passes through the fourth piston opening and the fourth casing opening to the outside of the casing. When the piston is in the second position, air introduced into the piston from the outside of the casing through the first casing opening and the first piston opening is Through the second air passage and the second piston opening and the third casing opening. Air introduced into the piston from the outside of the sing via the third casing opening and the second piston opening passes through the first air passage and the first piston opening and the first piston. In order to ensure a flow path of air that goes out of the casing through the casing opening,
A wind instrument valve mechanism, wherein an air flow path can be selected by adjusting a position of the piston.

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