JP2006214176A - Non-slip flooring - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide firstly non-slip flooring capable of being easily recycled; secondly the flooring which has a less decrease in non-slipping ability under the coexistence of water and dust as well as dryness, less adhesion of essential dirt, and a higher safety to persons fell down using mixture of particles having different hardness while having a smooth surface; and thirdly the flooring, the degree of its non-slipping ability can be freely adjusted by changing the mixing proportion of the grain having a different hardness in order to maintain the non-slipping ability even though a surface treatment with wax or the like is applied for preventing the surface of flooring from soiling by dirt. <P>SOLUTION: Surface layer of the non-slip flooring comprises a soft region having a Shore A hardness of 10 to 80 and a hard region having a Shore A hardness of 80 to 100 thereby making a numerical difference of more than 10 between them, and the main components of the resins constituting the respective regions are the resins in the same system, and CSR value (JIS A 1454:1998) of the surface layer is 0.70 to 1.00. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a novel anti-slip flooring.

  General flooring using synthetic resin such as vinyl chloride resin or rubber material is difficult to slip in the dry state and provides excellent slip resistance, but in the presence of water and dust, especially in the presence of water and dust. Function declines. Moreover, when a coating such as wax is applied to the floor material surface, the function of the anti-slip property itself is often hindered. As a means for solving these problems, a conventional anti-slip floor is mainly a so-called uneven floor material whose surface is embossed or coated with mineral particles. However, these have many disadvantages in appearance such as “dirt tends to accumulate dirt” and “practical obstacles such as“ walking in wheelchairs and moving on casters ””.

  In Patent Document 1, a powdery polyester resin having a melting point higher than that of the base resin is added to the surface of the flooring material using a polyolefin resin and / or a polystyrene resin as a base resin, and the temperature is lower than the melting point of the polyester resin. In this method, in addition to the flooring manufacturing process, the flooring surface processing process is added, so an increase in manufacturing cost is inevitable. Since a plurality of synthetic resin components are used, a problem arises when such flooring is recycled.

  In Patent Document 2, in a vinyl chloride resin or polypropylene resin having a floor slip resistance coefficient of 0.4 to 0.9, an acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR) region having a floor slip resistance coefficient of 1.5 or more, a chlorinated ethylene copolymer Although floor materials blended with a cross-linked alloy region, an ethylene-propylene rubber region, and the like have been proposed, there are also problems in recycling because a plurality of types of materials are used in this case.

In Patent Document 3, “at least the thermoplastic polymers of (A) and (B) are scattered and exposed on the surface in a divided area to form a flooring surface without projections of embedded particles, and (A) and One of the regions of the polymer of (B) exhibits a surface pattern divided into a number of islands, and the other region of the polymer of (A) and (B) is a surface divided into a number of islands It is formed so as to exhibit a pattern or a continuous sea-like surface pattern, and each of these polymers (1) has a slip resistance coefficient of 0.4 to 0.9 in the polymer (A) region (2) The slip resistance coefficient of the polymer (B) region is 1.2 or more and the Shore A hardness is 20 to 90. (3) A fluidity modifier is added to the polymer (B), and the polymer (A) and (B) at least one of the temperature ranges of the flow region And an anti-slip floor material characterized by satisfying the three conditions that the apparent viscosity ratio in the same overlapping region is -2 <log [(A) / (B)] <2. However, in this invention, the polymer (A) is a polyvinyl chloride resin, and the polymer (B) is chlorinated polyethylene, a chlorinated ethylene copolymer crosslinked alloy, polyvinyl chloride, acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber, styrene. -Since it is selected from butadiene rubber, isoprene rubber, natural rubber, chloroprene rubber, and acrylic rubber, a plurality of types of materials are used in the same manner as in Patent Document 2, and there is a problem in recycling.

JP 2003-286668 A Utility Model Registration No. 2550766 JP 2001-254504 A

A first object of the present invention is to provide an anti-slip floor material that can be easily recycled.
The second object of the present invention is to utilize a mixture of particles having different hardness while being substantially smooth, with little reduction in anti-slip property even in the presence of water and dust as well as in a dry state, and substantial contamination. It is in the point of providing a flooring which is difficult to adhere and has high safety during a fall. In addition, the third object of the present invention is to freely prevent slipping by changing the mixing ratio of particles having different hardnesses so that the slipperiness can be maintained even if the surface of the flooring is subjected to surface treatment such as wax for the purpose of preventing dirt. It is in providing a flooring that can be adjusted in degree.

In the first aspect of the present invention, the surface layer of the flooring is composed of a soft region having a Shore A hardness of 10 to 80 and a hard region having a Shore A hardness of 80 to 100, and the numerical difference between the two Shore A hardnesses is 10 or more. The main component of the resin constituting each of the regions is a vinyl chloride resin, and the slip resistance of the surface layer C.I. S. The present invention relates to an anti-slip floor material characterized in that the R value (JIS A 1454: 1998) is 0.70 to 1.00 as a value in a cleaning / dry state.
The second aspect of the present invention relates to the anti-slip floor material according to claim 1, wherein the numerical difference between the Shore A hardness in the soft region and the Shore A hardness in the hard region is 20 or more.
3rd of this invention is related with the slip-resistant flooring of Claim 1 or 2 from which the said soft area | region originates in a soft chip | tip.
4th of this invention is related with the non-slip floor material in any one of Claims 1-3 whose said hard area | region originates in a hard chip | tip.
The fifth aspect of the present invention relates to the non-slip flooring material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the soft region is foam particles.

The Shore A hardness in the present invention is measured by JIS K 6253 type A. However, in JIS K 6253, a specimen having a thickness of 6 mm or more is measured, but the Shore A hardness measurement in the present invention is a direct measurement of each region of the surface of the flooring. In addition, C.I. S. The R value is an evaluation index of slip resistance, that is, slip resistance. Using a test machine specified in JIS A 1454, a slip piece such as a shoe sole actually used for a slide piece base (width 70 mm, length 80 mm, Shore A hardness 72-74) is applied, a vertical load of 765 N is loaded on the sliding piece, and the sliding piece is in contact with the test piece (in the present invention, a flooring material having a size of 100 × 200 mm is used). The maximum tensile load obtained by pulling diagonally upward at an angle of 18 ° at a tensile load speed of 785 N / s at the moment of the application is measured, and the slip resistance coefficient (CSR value) is calculated by the following equation: Is to be calculated.

The resin composition forming the soft region and the hard region is a thermoplastic resin of the same family, particularly preferably using the same thermoplastic resin. Examples of the thermoplastic resin include polyvinyl chloride and polyvinyl chloride. -Vinyl chloride polymers such as vinyl acetate and polyolefin resins can be mentioned, but vinyl chloride resins are preferred in view of processability and physical properties as flooring.
The thermoplastic resin used in these resin compositions may be a single one, but may be a blend of a plurality of thermoplastic resins, and various stabilizers such as antioxidants, plasticizers, Various additives such as a softener, a colorant, and a filler can be blended.

  The soft region used in the present invention has a Shore A hardness of 10 to 80, preferably 10 to 50, and the hard region has a Shore A hardness of 80 to 100, preferably 90 to 100. The difference in Shore A hardness in the region is 10 or more, preferably 20 or more.

C. of the soft region. S. The R value is 1.00 to 0.80, preferably 0.95 to 0.85 in the clean / dry state, 0.70 to 0.50, preferably 0.65 in the presence of water + dust. 0.55, hard region C.I. S. The R value is 0.90 to 0.70, preferably 0.85 to 0.75 in the clean and dry state, 0.55 to 0.35 in the presence of water + dust, preferably 0.50. 0.40.
Note that C.I. S. The R value is determined according to the above-mentioned JIS A 1454. In the case of water + dust, “tap water”, “1 type of test powder specified in JIS Z 8901” and “same powder 7” are used. C. seeds mixed at a mass ratio of 20: 9: 1 were sprayed at a rate of 400 g / m ² , and a slip test was carried out in this state. S. R value.
According to JIS Z 8901, powders 1 and 1 and silica sand 1 (median diameter range 185 to 200 μm, particle density range 2.6 to 2.7 g / cm ² , composition SiO ₂ : 95 And 7 types are 7 types of Kanto loam, median diameter range 27-31 μm, composition SiO ₂ : 34-40%, CaO: 0-3%, loss on ignition: 0 [Details are described in the section of JIS test powder 1 in the standard powder manual of the Japan Powder Industry Association website (December 2004)].

  Further, C.I. S. The R value is 0.70 to 1.00, preferably 0.70 to 0.90, particularly preferably 0.75 to 0.85 in the cleaning / dry state. Is 0.40 to 0.60, preferably 0.45 to 0.60.

  The mixing ratio of the soft region and the hard region is 20:80 to 70:30, preferably 30:70 to 50:50 in weight ratio, and the size of the region is expressed by about 0. It is 1 to 3 mm, preferably 0.3 to 2 mm. The soft area may be the size of the chip itself or wider than that. The floor material of the present invention is typically produced by depositing a mixture of soft chips and hard chips in a layered form on a base material and integrating them by heating and pressing. In this case, the same type of chips are adjacent to each other or overlap each other on the floor material surface. When heated and pressurized, the chip is crushed on the surface and the area is increased. These phenomena are working in a complicated manner. And these are also true for hard areas.

The soft tip can be foam particles if desired. Foam particles can be made by any known method, but foaming and surface layer formation can also be performed almost simultaneously.
For example, a chemical foaming agent (a type of foaming agent that decomposes at a decomposition temperature higher than the melting point of the resin to generate a gas, such as azodicarbonamide in this case) can be kneaded into the PVC composition. Molded into a sheet at a temperature below the decomposition temperature of the foaming agent, pulverized, then laminated in layers with a hard chip on the substrate, and once heated at a temperature below the decomposition temperature of the chemical foaming agent And then heated to a temperature higher than the decomposition temperature of the foaming agent to cause foaming. The resulting foam is basically a closed cell. Finally, in order to smooth the surface, it is cold-pressed and finished to form a flooring surface layer.
Even if it is made of the same resin composition, since the foam particles are softer than the non-foam particles, the foam is made as a soft region made of the same resin composition, and the foam is made a hard region made of the same resin composition. Non-foamed materials can be used. The degree of foaming of the foam particles is 1.2 to 4.0, preferably 1.5 to 2.5 as the foaming ratio.

One example of the method for producing the flooring of the present invention will be described below. In the present invention, when both the soft region and the hard region are derived from the chip, first, the soft chip and the hard chip are mixed at a predetermined ratio in a sufficiently uniform ratio, and then the mixture is used as a base material. Or when it is placed on a resin sheet of the same system provided on the reinforcing material so as to have a predetermined thickness, and when the temperature reaches a temperature at which the entire thermoplastic resin is fused by heating The flooring is formed by pressurizing the material.
Thereby, in the surface layer of the floor material, the soft tip and the hard tip form a sea-like portion in which one is continuously connected, and the other forms a discontinuous island-like portion. Usually, there are more hard chips, so a hard chip forms a sea-like part, and a soft chip forms an island-like part.

  In addition, about the area | region which forms a sea-like part, it can be set as the area | region derived from a liquid resin composition not originating in a chip | tip. In this case, the paste-like resin composition that forms the sea-like portion is applied on the resin sheet, the chips that form the island-like portions are sprayed on the resin sheet, and heated while pressing from above. Invention flooring can be obtained.

  The floor material of the present invention exhibits anti-slip properties when the dust that causes slipping rolls up to the soft part of the floor material when it is swollen with shoes from above, and when it reaches the soft part, Since the particulate dust is buried in the soft part by the pressure, this causes the anti-slip property. Of course, it is considered that the floor material of the present invention exhibits anti-slip properties not only for the aforementioned reasons. In general, soft materials tend to be less slippery than hard materials. This is thought to be because when a soft material is stepped on the sole, its surface sinks, and a resistance acts against the movement of the sole trying to slip (force to shift in the horizontal direction). Since the soft area that works like this and the hard area that does not sink very much against the pressing force are mixed, the soft area tries to sink when the pressing force of the shoe sole is applied to both areas, and the hard area Has a strong tendency to repel the pressing force, so that it appears as if the surface of the floor material has fine irregularities temporarily, and the anti-slip property is considered to increase. It is considered that these effects act in a complex manner and the slip prevention effect of the flooring of the present invention is exhibited.

  Furthermore, by providing a thin coating layer on the surface layer, it is possible to compensate for the drawback that the soft region is easily soiled without losing the effect of the present invention. It is preferable to use the same type of resin as the surface layer for the coating layer because coating is easy and adhesion is improved.

(1) Conventionally, as disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2 as a surface layer of a flooring material, the idea of developing anti-slip properties by using a layer having a soft region and a hard region has been publicly known, The resin forming the soft region and the resin forming the hard region are based on the premise that the resin must naturally be different, and the soft region and the hard region are the same resin. There was no idea to do.
The present invention has found that, for example, by forming a soft region as a foam, the object can be sufficiently achieved even if the soft region and the hard region are the same resin.
As a result, the present invention is a floor material that is extremely suitable for recycling because the soft region and the hard region are resins of the same system.
(2) The sliding action between the flooring of the present invention and a conventional hard flooring or soft flooring will be described with reference to the drawings. In the flooring material of the present invention shown in FIG. 1, the dust on the floor surface rolls up to the soft region when it is in a hard region when it is stepped on the shoe, and in the soft region, it is hard to get inside the soft region. As a result, slipping can be prevented. Naturally, when the pressure on the shoe is removed, the part that the dust has engulfed is restored to its original state.
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2, in the case of a hard floor material as a whole, the dust trapped in the shoe cannot be entrapped in the floor material and rolls to any extent, resulting in the shoe slipping.
In addition, in the case of a floor material that is soft as a whole as shown in FIG. 3, if the dust is caught in the shoe, it will immediately bite into the soft region without rolling, so that there is no slight movement in the shoe. As a result, the person will pick up ahead.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to examples and comparative examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

Example 1
(1) Chip formulation (parts by weight)
Soft chip Hard chip PVC paste PCV resin (degree of polymerization 1050) 100 100 100
Plasticizer (DOP) 40 40 65
Filler (calcium carbonate) 100 100 50
Stabilizer (Ca-Zn-based) 3 3 3
Colorant 1 1 −
Foaming agent (azodicarbonamide) 3 − −
(2) Manufacture of chips Each of the compositions having the above composition was kneaded with a Banbury mixer and then rolled with a calender roll to form a sheet having a thickness of 0.7 mm. The sheet was cooled to a chip of about 0.7 mm with a pulverizer. The soft tip thus obtained is C.I. S. An R value of 1.00 and a hard tip is C.I. S. The R value was 0.80.
(3) Production of floor sheet First, the hard chip and the soft chip are mixed so as to have a weight ratio of 50:50, and stirred uniformly to make a mixture of the hard chip and the soft chip. On the other hand, 300 g / m ² of PVC paste having the above composition is applied onto a glass nonwoven fabric (weight per unit area: 30 g / m ² , thickness: about 0.15 mm), and then a soft PVC resin sheet (compounded with the composition of the hard chip). And a lower layer sheet (thickness: 0.5 mm) made of the same composition), and a PVC paste having the above composition is further coated thereon (weight per unit area: 300 g / m ² ). On top of this, the mixture of the hard chip and the soft chip mixed uniformly was sprayed so as to form a uniform layer. The laminate thus obtained was heated and pressurized at 170 ° C. to fuse the chips together and to be integrated with the laminate. After heating to 180 ° C. to foam a soft chip, the floor material of the present invention was formed by pressing at 120 ° C. and smoothing the surface. C. of this flooring. S. The R value was 0.80 in the cleaned and dry state and 0.50 in the presence of water + dust.
On the back surface of the laminate thus obtained, a 1.2 mm-thick continuous foamed PVC paste (the composition is the same as the PVC paste of the example, but this is a mechanically foamed paste, The foaming ratio of the soft region obtained by use was 1.5 times), dried by heating and cured. Further, a PVC backing layer (composition is the same as that of a hard chip) having a thickness of 0.2 mm was formed as a flooring material.
C. of the surface layer of this flooring. S. The R value was 0.90, Shore A hardness 78 in the soft region, and Shore A hardness 92 in the hard region.
This flooring was hard to slip and had a continuous foamed layer, so it was a safe flooring even if it fell.

Example 2
A PVC paste having the same composition and weight per unit area as in Example 1 was applied on the cold chill layer and the 1.2 mm-thick non-foamed PVC layer in order from the bottom, and the same composition, weight ratio, and usage amount as in Example 1 were soft. A uniform mixture of chips and hard chips was sprayed and heated and pressurized at 170 ° C. to fuse and integrate the chips. Then, this was heated to 180 ° C. to foam a soft chip, and then pressed at 120 ° C. to smooth the surface to obtain the flooring of the present invention. C. of surface layer S. The R value was 0.90.

In the flooring of the present invention in which the hard region forms a continuous sea-like part and the other soft part forms a non-continuous island part, the non-continuous island form in which the dust is just the soft part It is sectional drawing which shows the state in which shoes stepped on dust when the part came up, and the dust was biting into the soft part. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which has dust on the flooring which consists only of a hard area | region, and the shoe has stepped on it. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which has dust on the flooring which consists only of a soft area | region, and shoes have stepped on it.

Claims (5)

  The surface layer of the floor material is composed of a soft region having a Shore A hardness of 10 to 80 and a hard region having a Shore A hardness of 80 to 100, and the numerical difference between the two Shore A hardnesses is 10 or more. The main component of the resin is a vinyl chloride resin, and C.I. S. An anti-slip flooring material having an R value (JIS A 1454: 1998) of 0.70 to 1.00 as a value in a cleaning / dry state.   The anti-slip flooring material according to claim 1, wherein a numerical difference between the Shore A hardness in the soft region and the Shore A hardness in the hard region is 20 or more.   The anti-slip flooring material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the soft region is derived from a soft tip.   The anti-slip flooring material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the hard region is derived from a hard chip. The non-slip flooring material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the soft region is foam particles.

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