JP2006211941A - Rotary apparatus for changeover to uniaxial normal rotation and normal and reverse rotation and rotary machine for exclusive use - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To uniformly carry out uniaxial normal rotation of tillage tines or uniaxial normal and reverse rotation thereof on the inside or outside according to the hardness of a field. <P>SOLUTION: A rotary apparatus for changeover to uniaxial normal rotation and normal and reverse rotation comprises a PTO (power take-off) input shaft 2, a counter shaft 3 and a tillage axis 4 arranged parallel in the interior of a central transmission case 1. Tillage outer cylindrical shafts 5 are freely fitted onto outer peripheral parts on both sides of the tillage axis 4. Power is transmitted through a gear 12 of the PTO input shaft 2 and a gear 13 freely fitted onto the counter shaft 3 to a gear 14 fitted onto the tillage axis 4. Thereby, the tillage axis 4 is driven and normally rotated. The tillage outer cylindrical shafts 5 are driven and reversely rotated through a gear 15 of the PTO input shaft 2, a gear 16 freely fitted onto the tillage axis 4, a gear 17 freely fitted onto the counter shaft 3, a slider 18 and a gear 25. Furthermore, the tillage outer cylindrical shafts 5 are driven and normally rotated by changing over a dog clutch provided in the slider 18 and thereby transmitting the rotation of the gear 13 through the slider 18 and gear 25 to the gear 25. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  In the present invention, when a tillage claw is attached to a double-structured drive shaft composed of a middle shaft and an outer tube shaft arranged on one axis, both are rotated forward, and one is rotated forward and the other is rotated backward The present invention relates to a uniaxial forward / reverse switching rotary device that can be switched between and a rotary dedicated machine equipped with the rotary device.

  In a rotary dedicated machine that cultivates a field with rotating claws, an engine is arranged in the front, a handle and a plowing rotary are arranged in the rear, and a tire is arranged slightly in the middle of the engine and in the middle of the whole. The rotary rotary of this rotary dedicated machine can be rotated forward in the same direction as the tire rotation in the forward direction according to the hardness of the field and tilling depth, or reversely rotated in the opposite direction to the opposite tire rotation, In addition, there is a one-axis forward / reverse rotation type in which a claw shaft is formed in a double shaft structure and claw shafts divided on one axis are rotated in opposite directions.

  Of these, the rotary dedicated machine equipped with a uniaxial forward / reverse rotary has an effect of suppressing dashing that occurs when the rotary is rotated forward when the field is hard. That is, the claw shafts divided on one coaxial axis rotate in opposite directions to suppress dashing and enable stable tilling work. However, as a problem of this uniaxial forward / reverse rotary, dashing is suppressed and stable tillage is possible for plowing in a hard field. Therefore, the effect of hindering the propulsive force is remarkable.

Therefore, the applicant of the present invention has a structure in which the rotation direction of the reverse rotation part can be switched to the normal rotation side, and in the tilling on a soft field, the reverse rotation part on one axis is also rotated forward so that all the claws are in the normal rotation direction. A rotary device that can be driven in the same manner is proposed as a “uniaxial forward / reverse switching rotary device” described in Patent Document 1. This rotary device prevents dashing by rotating one claw in the forward rotation direction and the other claw in the reverse rotation direction in a hard field, and rotates both claws in the forward rotation direction in a soft field. It became possible to prevent a decrease in propulsion power.
Japanese Patent No. 3578767 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-340003)

  By the way, since the rotary dedicated machine performs tillage work in a narrow space, the central transmission case that houses a mechanism for switching between normal rotation and reverse rotation of the claw is also required to have the smallest axial width. . However, since the rotary device described in Patent Document 1 described above has two dog clutches arranged in parallel in the axial direction in the central transmission case, the width is increased accordingly. Further, since a sprocket and a chain are mainly used as the power transmission means, the transmission power is smaller than that of a gear having the same width, and the width is increased accordingly.

  In addition, when the middle shaft and the outer cylinder shaft are rotationally driven in the same direction, the counter shaft and the tilling outer cylinder shaft are meshed and connected with each other by gears, so the combination of phases is random, and the middle shaft and the outer cylinder shaft are the same. In terms of the number of rotations, depending on the combination, the claw of the middle shaft and the claw of the outer cylinder shaft may be aligned, and the load applied to the rotary device becomes periodic, which is not preferable. Therefore, the present invention reduces the axial width of the central transmission case, and prevents the claws from being aligned on the same straight line when the central shaft and the outer cylinder shaft are rotationally driven in the same direction. An object of the present invention is to propose a rotary and forward / reverse switching rotary device and a rotary dedicated machine equipped with the rotary device.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides:
A central transmission case; a PTO input shaft supported at both ends by the central transmission case; a counter shaft supported at both ends by the central transmission case in parallel to the PTO input shaft; the counter shaft and the PTO input shaft; A tilling middle shaft that is passed through the central transmission case in parallel and supported at two right and left ends, and a tilling claw is attached to both ends thereof, and a portion of the tilling middle shaft that passes through the central transmission case is loosened outside the tilling middle shaft. A pair of tilling outer cylinder shafts fitted to the central transmission case through bearings and having tilling claws attached to both outer ends thereof, and a first middle shaft driving shaft fitted to the PTO input shaft A second intermediate gear driving gear that is loosely fitted to the counter shaft and meshes with the first intermediate shaft driving gear, and has a dog clutch pawl at the end near the center of the counter shaft; A third middle shaft driving gear fitted to the substantially middle portion of the middle shaft and meshing with the second middle shaft driving gear, a first outer cylinder shaft driving gear fitted to the PTO input shaft, and the tillage A second outer cylinder shaft driving gear that is loosely fitted to a substantially central portion of the middle shaft and meshes with the first outer cylinder shaft driving gear; a second gear for outer cylinder shaft driving that is loosely fitted to the counter shaft; A third gear for driving the outer cylinder shaft, which is meshed and has a dog clutch pawl formed at the end near the center of the countershaft, and a second gear for driving the middle shaft on one side of the countershaft that is spline-fitted to the central portion of the countershaft. A dog clutch pawl that can be engaged with the pawl of the outer cylinder shaft, and a dog clutch pawl that can be engaged with the pawl of the third gear for driving the outer cylinder shaft on the other end, and the slider at the end thereof Position and other end where the claw engages with the claw of the second shaft driving middle shaft A slider moving mechanism for selectively moving to a position engaging with a claw of the outer cylindrical shaft driving third gear, an outer side in the axial direction of the second central shaft driving gear, and a third outer cylindrical shaft driving third gear. A pair of outer cylindrical shaft driving fourth gears fitted on the outer sides in the axial direction of the gears, and fitted on the inner end of the tilling outer cylindrical shaft and meshed with the outer cylindrical shaft driving fourth gears And a pair of outer cylinder shaft driving fifth gears.

  The second gear for driving the outer cylinder shaft is configured by combining a gear meshing with the first gear for driving the outer cylinder shaft and a gear meshing with the third gear for driving the outer cylinder shaft. It is preferable to make the number of teeth of the gear meshing with the third gear smaller than the number of teeth of the gear meshing with the first outer cylinder shaft driving gear.

  In addition, it is preferable that the concave and convex arrangement of the dog clutch pawls correspondingly formed between the second shaft driving second gear and the slider is only one place during one rotation.

  Further, in the rotary dedicated machine equipped with the uniaxial forward / reverse switching rotary device, the engine is disposed in the front, the handle operating unit and the uniaxial forward / reverse switching rotary device are disposed in the rear, and the engine is slightly operated. It is preferable to arrange a tire behind.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the slider for driving one desk of the dog clutch that switches between forward rotation and reverse rotation of the outer cylinder shaft is also used as two sliders. In addition, since the power transmission member in the central transmission case is a gear, the size in the axial direction is smaller than that in the case where a sprocket is used, so that the apparatus can be downsized. Further, the arrangement of the dog clutch pawls formed correspondingly between the second gear for driving the central shaft and the slider is set at one place during one rotation, so that the outer cylinder shaft is properly aligned. When rolling, it is avoided that the arrangement of the claw of the middle shaft and the claw of the outer cylinder shaft is indefinite, and stable tilling becomes possible.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is an exploded cross-sectional view of a central transmission case of a uniaxial forward / reverse switching rotary device of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a side view of FIG. 4 is a side view showing the arrangement of the tilling claws in FIG. 4, FIG. 4 is a right side view showing the arrangement of the shafts on the right side of FIG. 2, and FIG. 5 is a plan view showing an example of the arrangement of the dog clutch claws. 6 and 7 are longitudinal sectional views of the main part showing the operating state.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a PTO input shaft 2 is horizontally mounted at a position closer to the engine in the central transmission case 1 with both ends supported by bearings. Further, a counter shaft 3 is supported by bearings at both ends in parallel with the PTO input shaft 2 and is horizontally mounted in the central transmission case 1. Further, a tilling shaft 4 is disposed through the central transmission case 1 in parallel with the PTO input shaft 2 and the counter shaft 3. These PTO input shaft 2, counter shaft 3 and tilling middle shaft 4 are arranged so as to be located at the apex of the triangle when viewed from the side.

  Tillage outer cylinder shafts 5 and 5 are loosely fitted to portions of the middle shaft 4 of the tillage penetrating the central transmission case 1 through bearings. The tilling outer cylinder shafts 5 and 5 are supported by the central transmission case 1 via bearings. Cylindrical claw shafts 6 and 6 are fitted on the outer sides of the outer cylinder shafts 5 and 5 in the axial direction, and two forward and reverse tillage claws 7 are 180 degrees on the outer periphery of the claw shafts 6 and 6, respectively. Installed at intervals. At this time, it is important that the forward / reverse tillage claw 7 attached to the claw shaft 6 is a so-called forward / reverse-capable claw corresponding to either the forward / reverse rotation direction. Similarly, cylindrical nail shafts 8 and 8 are fitted on the outside in the axial direction of the tilling shaft 4, and four tilling claws 9 are attached to the outer peripheries of the nail shafts 8 and 8 at intervals of 90 degrees. It has been.

  Next, the power transmission mechanism in the central transmission case 1 will be described. As shown in FIG. 2, a first shaft driving gear 12 formed integrally with a sprocket 11 to which power is input is fitted to the PTO input shaft 2. The gear 12 is meshed with a second shaft driving gear 13 that is loosely fitted to the counter shaft 3 via a bearing. The gear 13 is engaged with a third shaft driving third gear 14 fitted to the tilling middle shaft 4. As a result, the tilling shaft 4 is rotationally driven in the same direction as the PTO input shaft 2, that is, in the normal rotation direction. The gears 12, 13, and 14 preferably have the same number of teeth.

  Further, a first outer shaft drive gear 15 is fitted to the PTO input shaft 2 at a position opposite to the gear 12. The gear 15 is meshed with a large gear of a second gear 16 for driving the outer cylinder shaft that is loosely fitted to the tilling shaft 4 via a bearing. The gear 16 is configured by combining a large gear and a small gear, and the small gear meshes with a third gear 17 for driving an outer cylinder shaft that is loosely fitted to the counter shaft 3 via a bearing. A cylindrical slider 18 is splined to the central portion of the counter shaft 3 so as to be slidable in the axial direction. Dog clutch claws 21 and 22 are formed on both end faces of the slider 18, respectively. On the left end face of the gear 13 and the right end face of the gear 17 facing the claws 21, 22, dog claws 23, 24 engaged with the claws 21, 22 are formed, respectively.

  Near the both ends of the counter shaft 3, fourth cylindrical shaft driving fourth gears 25, 25 are fitted, respectively. These gears 25, 25 are meshed with an outer cylinder shaft driving fifth gear 26 fitted to the tilling outer cylinder shaft 5. When the outer cylinder shaft driving gears 15, 16, 17, 25, and 26 are meshed in this way, when the slider 18 is moved left and right, the rotation direction of the tilling outer cylinder shaft 5 is switched between forward rotation and reverse rotation. It becomes possible. That is, as shown in FIG. 6, when the slider 18 moves to the left and the dog clutch pawl 22 and the pawl 24 engage, the rotation of the gear 17 is transmitted to the counter shaft 3 via the slider 18 and cultivated. The outer cylinder shaft 5 is rotationally driven in the reverse direction. On the contrary, as shown in FIG. 7, when the slider 18 moves to the right and the dog clutch pawl 21 and the pawl 23 are engaged, the rotation of the gear 13 is transmitted to the counter shaft 3 via the slider 18. The tilling outer cylinder shaft 5 is rotationally driven in the normal rotation direction.

  Note that the mechanism for switching the position of the slider 18 to either the left or right is configured such that the shift mechanism 27 shown in FIG. 1 is engaged with the central groove portion of the slider 18 of FIG. In this way, the transmission member that transmits power from the PTO input shaft 2 to the tilling middle shaft 4 and the tilling outer cylinder shaft 5 in the central transmission case 1 is constituted by a gear, so that the transmission member is used in the case of using a sprocket and a chain. Also, it becomes possible to configure a small size. Further, the slider 18 constituting the dog clutch is formed with claws 21 and 22 on both sides to enable the engagement and disengagement of the two dog clutches, thereby reducing the number of parts and the required length in the axial direction. Get smaller. As a result, the axial width of the central transmission case 1 is reduced, and the rotary device can be downsized accordingly.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the claw 21 is arranged so that there is no rotationally symmetric position as a combination pattern of the claw arrangement of the claw on the right end claw 21 of the slider 18 and the claw 23 of the gear 13. That is, the combination of the concave and convex arrangement of the claw 21 and the claw 23 is a pattern in which only one position is engaged while the claw 21 and the claw 23 are rotated once. As a result, when the tilling outer cylinder shaft 5 is driven in the forward rotation direction and the tilling outer cylinder shaft 5 is set to the same rotational speed as the tilling middle shaft 4, the gears 12 to 14, the gears 25 and 26, and the dock When the claws 21 and 23 of the clutch are assembled, the phases of the tilling claws 7 and the tilling claws 9 are prevented from overlapping each other as shown in FIG.

  In this way, in order to suppress dashing in a hard field, the farming enters the soft part of the field from the state where the middle shaft 4 is rotated forward and the outer cylinder shaft 5 is rotated reversely. When the reverse rotation of the outer cylinder shaft 5 is reversed to switch to the forward rotation, the shift mechanism 27 is operated to move the slider 18 to the right to engage the claw 21 and the claw 23. Is rotated with respect to the claw 21 and is engaged at one engagement position by one rotation. The positions of the forward / reverse tillage claw 7 and the tillage claw 9 at that time are as shown in FIG. 3 and do not overlap each other, so the load generated by the forward / reverse tillage claw 7 and the tilling claw 9 is substantially constant during one rotation, Stable tillage is possible.

  The single-axis forward / reverse switching rotary device described above can be mounted on a rotary dedicated machine (not shown). In this case, the rotary dedicated machine has a configuration in which an engine is disposed in front and a handle operating unit. Further, it is preferable that the uniaxial forward rotation and forward / reverse switching rotary device is disposed rearward and the tire is disposed slightly rearward of the engine.

  The uniaxial forward / reverse switching rotary device of the present invention can be used not only for a rotary dedicated machine but also for a management machine, a cultivator rotary, and a tractor rotary.

It is the cross-sectional view which decomposed | disassembled and showed the center transmission case of the uniaxial forward rotation and forward / reverse rotation switching rotary apparatus of this invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of FIG. It is a side view which shows arrangement | positioning of the tilling nail | claw in the side surface of FIG. It is a right view which shows the arrangement | sequence of the axis | shaft in the right side of FIG. It is a top view which shows the arrangement | sequence of the nail | claw of a dog clutch. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the principal part which shows an operation state. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the principal part which shows an operation state.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Central transmission case 2 PTO input shaft 3 Counter shaft 4 Tilling center shaft 5 Tilling outer cylinder shaft 6 Claw shaft 7 Forward / reverse tilling claw 8 Claw shaft 9 Cultivation claw 11 Sprocket 12 First gear 13 for middle shaft driving 13 Second gear 14 for middle shaft driving Third gear for driving the middle shaft 15 First gear for driving the outer tube shaft 16 Second gear for driving the outer tube shaft 17 Third gear for driving the outer tube shaft 18 Slider 21-24 Dog clutch pawl 25 Fourth for driving the outer tube shaft Gear 26 Fifth gear for driving outer cylinder shaft 27 Shift mechanism 27

Claims (5)

Central transmission case,
A PTO input shaft supported at both ends by the central transmission case;
A countershaft supported at both ends by the central transmission case in parallel with the PTO input shaft;
A tilling middle shaft that is supported in two places on the left and right sides through the central transmission case in parallel with the counter shaft and the PTO input shaft,
A pair of tillers in which the tilling shaft is loosely fitted to the outside of the tilling shaft at a portion passing through the center transmission case and supported by the center transmission case via a bearing and attached to both outer ends. An outer cylinder shaft,
A first shaft driving first gear fitted to the PTO input shaft;
A second middle shaft driving gear that is loosely fitted to the counter shaft and meshes with the first middle shaft driving gear and has a dog clutch pawl formed at the end of the counter shaft near the center;
A third gear for middle shaft driving that is fitted to a substantially central portion of the tilling middle shaft and meshes with the second middle shaft driving gear;
An outer cylinder shaft driving first gear fitted to the PTO input shaft;
A second gear for driving an outer cylinder shaft that is loosely fitted in a substantially central portion of the middle shaft of the tillage and meshes with the first gear for driving the outer cylinder shaft;
A third gear for driving an outer cylinder shaft that is loosely fitted to the counter shaft and meshes with the second gear for driving the outer cylinder shaft, and has a dog clutch pawl formed at the end near the center of the counter shaft;
A dog clutch pawl that is spline-fitted to the central portion of the countershaft and engageable with the pawl of the second shaft driving middle shaft on one side surface, and a pawl of the third gear for driving the outer cylinder shaft on the other end side surface A slider that forms an engaging dog clutch pawl;
The slider is selectively moved to a position where the claw at the end engages with the claw of the second middle shaft driving gear and a position where the other end engages with the claw of the outer cylindrical shaft driving third gear. A slider moving mechanism to move,
A pair of outer cylinder shaft driving fourth gears respectively fitted to the counter shaft center shaft second driving gear and the outer cylinder shaft driving third gear;
A pair of outer cylinder shaft driving fifth gears fitted on the inner end of the tilling outer cylinder shaft and meshing with the outer cylinder shaft driving fourth gear;
A uniaxial forward / reverse switching rotary device characterized by comprising: In the uniaxial forward rotation and forward / reverse switching rotary device according to claim 1,
The second outer cylinder shaft driving gear is configured by combining a gear meshed with the first outer cylinder shaft driving gear and a gear meshed with the third outer cylinder shaft driving gear, and the third outer cylinder shaft driving third gear. A uniaxial forward / reverse switching rotary device characterized in that the number of teeth of a gear meshing with a gear is smaller than the number of teeth of a gear meshing with a first gear for driving an outer cylinder shaft. In the uniaxial forward rotation and forward / reverse rotation rotary device according to claim 1 or 2,
The concavo-convex arrangement of the dog clutch pawls formed correspondingly between the second gear for driving the central shaft and the slider, respectively, is such that the mutual engagement is only one place during one rotation. Forward / reverse switching rotary device.   A rotary dedicated machine comprising the uniaxial forward / reverse switching rotary device according to any one of claims 1 to 3.   The rotary dedicated machine according to claim 4 is characterized in that the engine is disposed in the front, the handle operating portion and the uniaxial forward rotation and forward / reverse rotation rotary device are disposed in the rear, and the tire is disposed slightly behind the engine. A dedicated rotary machine.

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