JP2006200269A - Oil fence spreading method and information processor and program for supporting determination of oil fence spreading method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for a person in charge to be able to calculate the installation positions and the installed quantity of oil fences most effectively in a short time at site in an operation for preventing the dispersion of oil flowing into prescribed areas such as rivers and storage ponds. <P>SOLUTION: This method comprises a step for detecting the inflow amount Q<SB>o</SB>of oil into a river, a step for temporarily determining the spread positions of the oil fences, a step for estimating an averaged water depth h, a flow rate Q, and a river width B at a temporarily determined position, a step for calculating a unit width flow rate q, a step for calculating the averaged flow velocity v and confirming that the averaged flow velocity v is a prescribed value or lower, a step for calculating an oil layer length per unit width at the temporarily determined position when the average flow rate v is equal to or less than the prescribed value, a step for calculating an oil amount Q<SB>op</SB>allowed to stop by the oil fences, a step for confirming that the oil amount Q<SB>op</SB>allowed to stop is smaller than the inflow amount Q<SB>o</SB>, and a step for determining the temporarily determined position at an oil fence installed positions when the oil amount Q<SB>op</SB>allowed to stop by confirmation is smaller than the inflow amount Q<SB>o</SB>. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to an oil fence used for the purpose of preventing oil diffusion when oil flows into a river or a reservoir.

   Conventionally, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses a method for extending an oil fence that tows an oil fence with two hulls and that extends a pair of guide fences to surround a predetermined sea area. This is because the oil recovery device is installed near the middle point, one end of the oil fence is connected to the expansion vessel, and the other end is connected to the mother vessel, and the expansion vessel guides the oil recovery device to reach the spilled oil part. Is the method.

In Patent Document 2, a flexible rope main body having a bag body capable of enclosing a buoyancy material or gas is fixed to the shore, and the extension cable connected to the other end of the fence main body. Is installed in advance on the bottom of the fence from the shore side to the opposite shore, connected to a winding device installed on the opposite shore, and the effluent that extends the fence to the opposite shore by operating this winding device. A method for extending a diffusion barrier is disclosed.
Japanese Patent No. 3524856 JP 2000-336638 A

  In the method described in Patent Document 1, it is easy to extend the oil fence in a predetermined region. However, since only one oil fence is deployed, when the flow of the tide is fast, if the oil passes under the oil fence and diffuses, it is said that no measures are taken to prevent this oil from spreading. There was a problem.

  Moreover, in the method described in Patent Document 2, facilities for extending the oil fence are prepared, and it is easy to extend in a short time. However, since the extension position and the number of extension are determined, when the flow velocity of the river is high due to rain or the like, or when the amount of inflow of oil is large, the oil passes under the oil fence and further downstream There was a problem that the oil fence had to be diffused.

  Furthermore, in the methods described in Patent Literature 1 and Patent Literature 2, since the oil diffusion prevention work requires early response, the extension position and the number of extension are determined empirically at the site, and the extension of the oil fence is performed. There was a problem that there was no method for determining the position and the number of deployed vehicles.

  Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and its purpose is to shorten the person in charge at the site during the work of preventing the diffusion of oil flowing into a predetermined area such as a river or a reservoir. It provides a method for calculating the installation position and the number of installations of the most effective oil fence in time.

  The method for extending an oil fence of the present invention that solves the above problem is a method for extending an oil fence that suppresses the diffusion of oil flowing into a predetermined area such as a river or a reservoir, and the inflow of oil into the predetermined area A step of detecting an amount; a step of temporarily determining a stretch position in the predetermined area of the oil fence; a step of estimating an average water depth, a flow rate, and a channel width of the temporarily determined position; and the flow rate by the channel width. Dividing the unit width flow rate by dividing the unit width flow rate by the average water depth, calculating an average flow velocity, and confirming that the average flow rate is not more than a predetermined value, When the average flow rate is less than or equal to a predetermined value, the step of calculating the oil layer length per unit width of the tentatively determined position, the effective depth of the oil fence multiplied by the oil layer length per unit width and a predetermined safety factor, From the channel width The step of calculating the amount of oil that can be dammed by the fence, the step of confirming that the amount of oil that can be dammed is smaller than the inflow amount, and the amount of oil that can be dammed in the confirmation is smaller than the amount of inflow And a step of determining the provisionally determined position as an oil fence installation position (first invention).

  In the second invention, in the first invention, in the step of confirming that the average flow rate is less than or equal to a predetermined value, when the average flow rate is greater than or equal to a predetermined value, the position where the oil fence is extended has a large water depth. Through the step of changing the position or the channel width to a wide position, the step of temporarily determining the expansion position is re-executed.

  According to a third invention, in the first or second invention, in the step of confirming that the amount of oil that can be dammed is smaller than the inflow amount, the oil amount to be dammed is larger than the inflow amount. The step of temporarily determining the extension position is performed again by changing the position where the oil fence is extended to a position where the water depth is large or a position where the water channel width is wide or increasing the number of extension.

  According to a fourth invention, in any one of the first to third inventions, the inflow amount of oil into the predetermined region is detected by estimating a remaining amount of the oil tank.

  According to a fifth invention, in any one of the first to fourth inventions, the oil layer length per unit width at the temporarily determined position is calculated by a plurality of simultaneous linear expressions of a water depth and a unit width flow rate. And

  According to a sixth invention, in any one of the first to fifth inventions, the amount of oil that can be dammed by the oil fence is an effective water depth of the oil fence obtained by multiplying the oil layer length per unit width by a predetermined safety factor. It is calculated by calculating a cross-sectional area where oil can be dammed and whose vertical cross-sectional shape formed from the length is a right triangle, and multiplying the cross-sectional area where oil can be blocked by the width of the water channel.

  An information processing apparatus according to a seventh aspect of the present invention is an information processing apparatus for supporting determination of an extension position of an oil fence that suppresses the diffusion of oil flowing into a predetermined area such as a river or a reservoir, and the oil to the predetermined area A detection unit that detects the inflow amount of the oil fence, a temporary position determination unit that temporarily determines the expansion position in the predetermined region of the oil fence, and estimates the average water depth, flow rate, and channel width of the position determined by the temporary position determination unit A unit width flow rate calculation unit that calculates a unit width flow rate by dividing the flow rate by the channel width, and the unit width flow rate calculated by the unit width flow rate calculation unit is divided by the average water depth. An average flow rate is confirmed by calculating an average flow velocity and confirming that the average flow rate is not more than a predetermined value, and when the average flow rate is not more than a predetermined value in the confirmation unit, Oil layer length to calculate the oil layer length Calculate the cross-sectional area where the oil can be damped and the vertical cross-sectional shape formed from the protruding portion, the oil layer length per unit width and the effective water depth of the oil fence multiplied by a predetermined safety factor is a triangle. An oil amount calculation unit that calculates the amount of oil that can be dammed by an oil fence by multiplying a possible cross-sectional area by a waterway width, and the oil amount that can be dammed by the oil amount calculation unit is smaller than the inflow amount An oil amount confirming unit for confirming that, and a main position determining unit for determining the temporarily determined position as an oil fence installation position when the amount of oil that can be blocked by the confirming unit is smaller than the inflow amount. That is, a detection unit that detects the amount of oil flowing into the predetermined region, a temporary position determination unit that temporarily determines a stretched position of the oil fence in the predetermined region, and a position determined by the temporary position determination unit. flat An estimation unit that estimates water depth, flow rate, and channel width, a unit width flow rate calculation unit that calculates a unit width flow rate by dividing the flow rate by the channel width, and the unit width flow rate calculated by the unit width flow rate calculation unit Is divided by the average water depth to calculate an average flow velocity, and an average flow rate confirmation unit for confirming that the average flow rate is equal to or less than a predetermined value; and The vertical cross-sectional shape formed from the oil layer length calculation unit for calculating the oil layer length per unit width at the determined position and the effective water depth of the oil fence multiplied by the oil layer length per unit width and a predetermined safety factor is a triangle. An oil amount calculation unit that calculates a cross-sectional area that can be dammed with oil and multiplies the cross-sectional area that can be damped by a water channel width to calculate an oil amount that can be dammed by an oil fence, and is calculated by the oil amount calculation unit. Said dampenable oil An oil amount confirmation unit for confirming that the amount is smaller than the inflow amount, and when the amount of oil that can be blocked by the confirmation unit is smaller than the inflow amount, the provisionally determined position is determined as an oil fence installation position. The present position determination unit is provided.

  A program according to an eighth invention is a program for causing an information processing device to execute a method for determining an expansion position of an oil fence that suppresses diffusion of oil flowing into a predetermined region such as a river or a reservoir, and A step of detecting the amount of oil flowing into the region, a step of tentatively determining a stretch position in the predetermined region of the oil fence, a step of estimating an average water depth, a flow rate, and a channel width of the tentatively determined position, Dividing the flow rate by the channel width to calculate a unit width flow rate; dividing the unit width flow rate by the average water depth to calculate an average flow velocity; and confirming that the average flow rate is a predetermined value or less And when the average flow rate is not more than a predetermined value in the confirmation, calculating the oil layer length per unit width of the provisionally determined position, and the oil layer length per unit width and a predetermined safety factor. Calculate the cross-sectional area where the oil can be dammed and the vertical cross-sectional shape formed from the effective depth of the oil fence is triangular, and multiply the cross-sectional area where the dam can be blocked by the width of the water channel to dam the oil fence. Calculating the amount of oil; confirming that the amount of oil that can be dammed is smaller than the amount of inflow; and if the amount of oil that can be dammed in the confirmation is smaller than the amount of inflow And a step of determining the oil fence installation position as the position.

  According to the method for extending an oil fence according to the present invention, when the work of preventing the diffusion of oil flowing into a predetermined area such as a river or a reservoir is performed, a person in charge at the site can install the oil fence most effectively in a short time. And the number of installations can be calculated. Therefore, it is possible to reliably prevent the oil from diffusing.

  The present invention relates to a method for extending an oil fence for preventing diffusion of oil flowing into a predetermined region such as a river or a reservoir. Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of a method for extending an oil fence according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a state where oil according to an embodiment of the present invention flows into a river. As shown in FIG. 1, when the oil storage tank 1 is damaged and oil flows into the river, the oil fence 2 is extended so as to shield the upper part of the river downstream from the position where the oil flows. This prevents the spilled oil from spreading. Next, a method for determining the extension position and the number of extension of the oil fence 2 will be described.

  FIG. 2 is a flowchart for determining the extension position and the number of extension of the oil fence according to the embodiment of the present invention. Moreover, FIG. 3 is a figure which shows the state which extended the oil fence which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention to a river, FIG. 4 shows from the relationship between the depth of the river and unit width flow volume which concern on one Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an oil damming situation by an oil fence according to an embodiment of the present invention.

When oil flows out from the oil storage tank 1 into the river, the manager of the oil storage tank 1 visually checks the remaining amount of the oil storage tank 1 from the oil supply hole in the storage tank in S1 of FIG. Confirm the amount of decrease in the weight of stored oil managed in, and estimate the inflow Q ₀ (m ³ ) of oil into the river. Here, the inflow amount Q ₀ is estimated slightly larger for safety.

Then, confirmed in S3 of FIG 2, based on the inflow Q ₀ of the oil estimated by the administrator of the oil storage tank 1, the oil inflow condition of at inflow site personnel booms deployed is the river However, the extension position of the oil fence 2 is provisionally determined in consideration of the flow velocity of the river, the width of the river, and the like.

Next, in S5 of FIG. 2, as shown in FIG. 3, the average water depth h (m), the flow rate Q (m ³ / s), the river width B of the river at the position temporarily determined by the person in charge of the oil fence extension Estimate (m) from detailed data on rivers that were previously investigated by managers in the surrounding area.

Then, in S7 of FIG. 2, the oil fence is based on the average water depth h (m), the flow rate Q (m ³ / s), and the river width B (m) estimated by the person in charge of managing the entire facility. The unit width flow rate q (m ³ / s / m) per unit width of the river calculated by the person in charge of expansion at the inflow site is expressed by equation (1).
q = Q / B (1)

  Hereinafter, although the work content which the person in charge of an oil fence extension performs at the inflow site will be described, description that the person in charge of the oil fence extension performs at the inflow site is omitted in each work process.

Further, in S9 of FIG. 2, based on the unit width flow rate q calculated in S7, the average flow velocity v (m / s) calculated by the person in charge of the oil fence extension at the inflow site to the river is the equation (2). It becomes.
v = q / h (2)

  Here, when the average flow velocity v of the river is equal to or higher than a predetermined value, the boundary surface between the oil and water at the lower end of the oil blocked by the oil fence 2 forms a vortex by the flow of water, and the oil is ball-shaped It becomes. Then, due to the flow of water, the ball-shaped oil is separated from the blocked oil and passes under the oil fence 2 and diffuses together with the water. In this embodiment, the predetermined value of the average flow velocity v is, for example, 0.5 m / s. For the convenience of understanding the invention, in this embodiment, the average flow velocity v is set to 0.5 m / s. However, the present invention is not limited to the value according to the present invention. It can be changed as appropriate.

In other words, the average flow velocity v of the river that can dam the oil with the oil fence 2 is expressed by equation (3).
v <0.5 (3)
Therefore, when the average flow rate v is 0.5 m / s or more, in S10 of FIG. 2, the position where the oil fence 2 is extended is changed to a position where the water depth is large or the water channel width is wide, and the oil of S3 is again used Temporarily determine the extension position of the fence 2.

  If the average flow rate v is smaller than the predetermined value of 0.5 m / s, the oil layer length L per unit width at the temporarily determined position is calculated in S11 of FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, the oil layer length L per unit width is easily calculated by displaying the result calculated by the simultaneous linear expression of the water depth and the unit width flow rate. In addition, in this embodiment, although the figure was used as a method of calculating the oil layer length per unit width, it is not limited to this, For example, you may calculate and calculate with a calculator etc.

In S13, as shown in FIG. 5, since the oil does not pass under the boom 2, a predetermined safety factor, for example, when 2, the effective water depth length of the boom 2 h _{e (m)} is (4 ).
h _e = h / 2 (4)

  For convenience of understanding the present invention, the predetermined safety factor is set to 2 in the present embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to this value, and is appropriately changed depending on the shape of the oil fence, the viscosity of the oil, and the like. It is possible.

Then, the oil layer length L per unit width calculated from S11, (4) a vertical cross-sectional shape formed from an effective water depth length h _e of the calculated boom 2 than is possible damming of oil as a triangular form The cross-sectional area S (m ² ) is expressed by equation (5).
S = L · h _e / 2 (5)

Therefore, the oil amount Q _op (m ³ ) that can be dammed by the oil fence 2 is expressed by the equation (6).
Q _op = S · B = (L · h _e / 2) · B = L · h _e · B / 2 (6)

Here, when the oil amount Q _op that can be dammed is equal to or less than the inflow amount Q, the position at which the oil fence 2 is extended is changed to a position with a large water depth or a position with a wide channel width in S16 of FIG. The number is increased and the extension position of the oil fence 2 in S3 is temporarily determined again. In addition, in the case where the number of the oil fences 2 is increased, the inflow amount Q ′ (m ³ ) is a value obtained by subtracting the oil amount Q _op that can be dammed from the inflow amount Q (Q ′ = Q−Q _op ). Then, the process after S3 is examined again only for the oil fence 2 to be added. The additional oil fence 2 is installed downstream from the first oil fence 2 by an oil layer length L more than the first oil fence 2 so that the oil amount Q _op that can be dammed is the maximum value.

If the oil amount Q _op that can be dammed is larger than the inflow amount Q, the provisionally determined position is determined as the official oil fence 2 extension position, and the person in charge of the oil fence extension immediately expands the oil fence 2. .

  For the convenience of understanding the invention, in the present embodiment, the method for extending the oil fence for preventing the diffusion of oil flowing into the river has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to the river according to the present invention. Can be widely applied to the sea, etc. Moreover, in this embodiment, although the operator of each process was demonstrated as the person in charge of an oil fence extension, it is not limited to the person in charge to which this invention concerns, The manager of an installation may be sufficient.

It is a figure showing the state where oil concerning one embodiment of the present invention flowed into a river. It is a flowchart for deciding the extension position and the number of extension of the oil fence concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows the state which extended the oil fence which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention to the river. It is a figure which calculates the oil layer length per unit width from the relationship between the water depth of the river which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention, and unit width flow volume. It is a figure which shows the clogging condition of the oil by the oil fence which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

1 Oil storage tank 2 Oil fence

Claims (8)

A method of extending an oil fence that suppresses the diffusion of oil flowing into a predetermined area such as a river or a reservoir,
Detecting the amount of oil flowing into the predetermined region;
Tentatively determining a deployment position in the predetermined area of the oil fence;
Estimating the average water depth, flow rate, and channel width of the tentatively determined position;
Dividing the flow rate by the channel width to calculate a unit width flow rate;
Dividing the unit width flow rate by the average water depth to calculate an average flow velocity, and confirming that the average flow rate is not more than a predetermined value;
A step of calculating an oil layer length per unit width of the temporarily determined position when the average flow rate is not more than a predetermined value in the confirmation;
Calculating the amount of oil that can be dammed by the oil fence from the effective depth of the oil fence and the width of the water channel multiplied by the oil layer length per unit width and a predetermined safety factor;
Confirming that the amount of oil that can be dammed is smaller than the inflow amount;
And a step of determining the provisionally determined position as an oil fence installation position when the amount of oil that can be blocked is smaller than the inflow amount in the confirmation.   In the step of confirming that the average flow rate is not more than a predetermined value, if the average flow rate is not less than the predetermined value, the step of changing the position where the oil fence is extended to a position where the water depth is large or the water channel width is wide. The method of extending an oil fence according to claim 1, wherein the step of temporarily determining the extension position is executed again.   In the step of confirming that the amount of oil that can be dammed is smaller than the amount of inflow, when the amount of oil to be dammed is larger than the amount of inflow, the position where the oil fence is extended is the position where the water depth is large or the channel width The method of extending an oil fence according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the step of temporarily determining the extension position is re-executed through a step of changing to a wider position or increasing the number of extension.   The method of extending an oil fence according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the amount of oil flowing into the predetermined region is detected by estimating the remaining amount of the oil tank.   The oil fence length according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the oil layer length per unit width at the temporarily determined position is calculated by a plurality of simultaneous linear expressions of water depth and unit width flow rate. Method.   The amount of oil that can be dammed by the oil fence is the oil dam that has a right-angled triangular cross section formed by the oil layer length per unit width and the effective water depth of the oil fence multiplied by a predetermined safety factor. 6. The method of extending an oil fence according to claim 1, wherein a possible cross-sectional area is calculated and calculated by multiplying the cross-sectional area capable of being blocked by the width of the water channel. In an information processing device that supports the determination of the extension position of an oil fence that suppresses the diffusion of oil flowing into a predetermined area such as a river or a reservoir,
A detection unit for detecting an inflow amount of oil into the predetermined region;
A provisional position determination unit that provisionally determines a deployment position in the predetermined region of the oil fence;
An estimation unit for estimating the average water depth, flow rate, and channel width of the position determined by the temporary position determination unit;
A unit width flow rate calculation unit for calculating a unit width flow rate by dividing the flow rate by the channel width;
An average flow rate confirmation unit for calculating an average flow velocity by dividing the unit width flow rate calculated by the unit width flow rate calculation unit by the average water depth, and confirming that the average flow rate is a predetermined value or less;
An oil layer length calculation unit that calculates an oil layer length per unit width of the temporarily determined position when the average flow rate is equal to or less than a predetermined value in the confirmation unit;
The cross-sectional area where the oil can be stopped is calculated by calculating the cross-sectional area where the vertical cross-sectional shape formed from the oil layer length per unit width and the effective water depth of the oil fence multiplied by a predetermined safety factor is a triangle, An oil amount calculation unit that calculates the amount of oil that can be blocked by an oil fence by multiplying
An oil amount confirmation unit for confirming that the amount of oil that can be dammed by the oil amount calculation unit is smaller than the inflow amount;
An information processing apparatus comprising: a main position determination unit that determines the provisionally determined position as an oil fence installation position when the amount of oil that can be dammed in the confirmation unit is smaller than the inflow amount. A program for causing an information processing apparatus to execute a method for determining an expansion position of an oil fence that suppresses diffusion of oil flowing into a predetermined region such as a river or a reservoir,
Detecting the amount of oil flowing into the predetermined area;
Tentatively determining the extended position in the predetermined area of the oil fence;
Estimating an average water depth, flow rate, and channel width at the tentatively determined position;
Dividing the flow rate by the channel width to calculate a unit width flow rate;
Dividing the unit width flow rate by the average water depth to calculate an average flow velocity, and confirming that the average flow rate is a predetermined value or less;
A step of calculating an oil layer length per unit width of the temporarily determined position when the average flow rate is not more than a predetermined value in the confirmation;
The cross-sectional area where the oil can be blocked is calculated by calculating the cross-sectional area where the vertical cross-sectional shape formed from the oil layer length per unit width and the effective water depth of the oil fence multiplied by a predetermined safety factor is a triangle, and can be blocked Multiplying the waterway width by the amount of oil that can be dammed by the oil fence,
Confirming that the amount of oil that can be dammed is smaller than the inflow amount;
And determining the provisionally determined position as an oil fence installation position when the amount of oil that can be dammed is smaller than the inflow amount in the confirmation.

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