JP2006192042A - Orthodontic bracket, appliance for orthodontics and its usage - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an appliance for orthodontics shortening a period required for the orthodontics and capable of moving the teeth whole bodies for aligning the tooth row. <P>SOLUTION: This orthodontic bracket 101 is provided with a plate-shaped base 1 attachable to the tooth face of a tooth crown 7a, a bracket body 2 attached to one face of the base 1, and a grooved arch wire slot 4 formed in the bracket body 2 for storing an arch wire 5 crossing with the tooth axis C when attached to the tooth face; and enables the movement of the tooth 7 in the extending direction of the arch wire 5 by the arch wire 5 and the movement of the tooth 7 in the direction of crossing with the extending direction of the arch wire 5 and the tooth axis C. This appliance for the orthodontics is provided with the orthodontic bracket 101 formed to attach the orthodontic bracket 101 in a part closer to the side of the dental root 7b than the dental maximal bulge part 7d, and a cap for the orthodontics integrally formed with two or more adjoining tooth storage parts and being accorded to the respective tooth shapes and the tooth row. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to an orthodontic bracket, an orthodontic appliance, and a method of using the same.

  In recent years, in orthodontics, a fixed orthodontic apparatus (wire orthodontic treatment apparatus (orthodontic bracket)) is well known. The fixed orthodontic appliance has a plate-like base that can be fixed to the tooth surface, a bracket body attached to one side of the base, and a bracket so that the archwire can be stored crossing the tooth axis when attached to the tooth surface. And a grooved archwire slot formed in the main body. When the mounting surface of the bracket body on the base is inclined with respect to the bottom surface of the archwire slot, the fact that torque is generated in the buccal tongue direction is used so that the twist of the archwire is released. Assuming that it is attached to the tooth surface near the center of the tooth, that is, near the largest ridge of the tooth, it is necessary to apply the corrective force to the tooth according to the condition of the dentition to be corrected. The inclination angle of the bottom surface of the archwire slot with respect to the mounting surface, the angle of the archwire with respect to the tooth axis, the plate thickness under the archwire slot, and the like are adjusted in advance. Further, a correction force in the near-centrifugal direction is applied via a frictional force between the bracket body and the arch wire.

  In orthodontics, the base is fixed to the tooth surface with a special adhesive or the like, and the archwire is stored in the archwire slot of the bracket body. And an appropriate tension is given to the arch wire. Thereby, a correction force is generated in the mesial direction, the centrifugal direction, the lingual side direction, or the cheek side direction. While the device is installed, the dentition is gradually corrected, so the archwire tension and the bottom surface of the archwire slot relative to the mounting surface of the bracket body so that the teeth are properly corrected accordingly The tilt angle of the arch wire, the angle of the arch wire with respect to the tooth axis, the plate thickness under the arch wire slot, and the like are sequentially adjusted. In the above-mentioned fixed type orthodontic apparatus, the dentition is corrected in about two years including correction. In some cases, some of the teeth constituting the dentition are extracted so that the teeth can move easily.

  The fixed straightening device is large and can be easily seen by humans. Also, once attached, it cannot be removed, so it is very inconvenient when eating and brushing teeth.

  On the other hand, recently, a removable orthodontic device (aligner or orthodontic cap, trade name: Invisalign (manufactured by Ailgn Technology)) invented in foreign countries in orthodontics is becoming popular in Japan. The removable orthodontic device is a device that corrects a dentition by placing a tooth storage part on a tooth from a tooth head of a tooth, and two or more adjacent tooth storage parts are integrated with each other. It is molded according to the shape and dentition. And attachment to the tooth and removal are free. FIG. 8A shows an example in which an orthodontic cap 102 is used. A plurality of removable orthodontic devices are manufactured based on the results of three-dimensional simulation of tooth movement on a computer to predict tooth movement in advance. During the correction of the dentition, the dentition is gradually corrected, and the plurality of devices prepared as described above are sequentially used in accordance with the correction.

Since the removable orthodontic device can be made of a transparent material, it is difficult for humans to see the device. Moreover, since attachment and removal are free, a meal etc. can be performed like usual by removing at the time of a meal and toothpaste. There is such an advantage, and it is expected to spread in the future in place of the fixed orthodontic apparatus.
JP 2003-61980 A JP-A-8-168499 JP 2004-188177 A

  However, in the removable orthodontic apparatus, especially when tooth extraction is required, as shown in FIG. 8 (b), the entire intended tooth cannot be moved, and the root side of the tooth remains as it is, and only the crown side remains. Examples of so-called tilt movements that move in the centrifugal direction or the mesial direction have been reported. There is also a problem that the period required for orthodontic correction is about two years including correction, and the period is long.

  The present invention was created in view of the problems of the above-described conventional example, shortens the period required for orthodontics, allows the entire teeth to move so that the teeth are aligned, and has an appearance. It is an object of the present invention to provide an orthodontic bracket, an orthodontic appliance, and a method of using the orthodontic bracket that can be improved and less inconvenient when eating or brushing teeth.

  In order to solve the above problems, in the orthodontic bracket of the present invention, a plate-like base that can be attached to the tooth surface of a crown, a bracket body attached to one side of the base, and the tooth surface are attached to the tooth surface. A groove-like archwire slot formed in the bracket body so that the archwire can be stored crossing the tooth axis, and the archwire extends in the extending direction (near-centrifugal direction) of the archwire. An orthodontic bracket capable of tooth movement and tooth movement in a direction (buccal tongue direction) intersecting the extending direction of the archwire and the tooth axis, wherein the orthodontic bracket is connected to the tooth It is designed to be attached to the root side of the largest ridge.

  Further, in the orthodontic bracket, the tooth movement in the buccal tongue direction is caused by the torque of the archwire generated by the inclination angle of the mounting surface to the base of the bracket body with respect to the bottom surface of the archwire slot, The inclination angle when attaching to the root side more than the maximum ridge of the tooth is adjusted so that the movement of the crown toward the lingual side is less than the inclination angle when attaching to the maximum ridge of the tooth. ing.

  By the way, in order to prevent so-called tilt movement in the orthodontic cap (removable orthodontic device), it is conceivable to use an orthodontic bracket (fixed orthodontic device) in combination with the orthodontic cap. . In this case, even when the orthodontic bracket is attached, the teeth are placed in the dentition by mounting the orthodontic cap that predicts the orthodontic effect of the orthodontic cap, that is, the tooth movement. It has been found that the orthodontic cap needs to be sufficiently covered on the teeth so that the effect of being guided and moved by the orthodontic cap mold is sufficiently exerted. In order to satisfy this condition, it is necessary to attach the orthodontic bracket to the root side of the maximum ridge of the tooth. In this case, the conventional orthodontic bracket is assumed to be attached to the tooth surface of the maximum ridge of the tooth, and if such an orthodontic bracket is attached as it is to the root side of the maximum ridge of the tooth, However, as shown in FIG. 2B, the crown moves to the lingual side and the root to the cheek side more than necessary, so that the dentition is not aligned.

  In the orthodontic bracket of the present invention, the orthodontic bracket is adapted to be attached to the root side from the maximum ridge of the tooth, and the inclination angle when attached to the root side from the maximum ridge of the tooth, The movement of the crown toward the lingual side is adjusted with respect to the inclination angle when the tooth is attached to the maximum ridge of the tooth. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2 (c), when the orthodontic bracket is attached to the root side from the maximum ridge of the tooth, the tooth row is not aligned because the crown moves to the lingual side more than necessary. Can be solved.

  Further, in the orthodontic appliance of the present invention, the orthodontic bracket and the two or more adjacent tooth storage portions are formed integrally and in accordance with the tooth shape and the dentition, respectively. And an orthodontic cap that can be attached to and detached from the tooth to correct the dentition.

  According to the orthodontic appliance of the present invention, since the orthodontic bracket is used in combination with the orthodontic cap, as will be described below, the orthodontic cap and the orthodontic The correction of the dentition is performed in cooperation with the orthodontic bracket. That is, in the orthodontic bracket, the movement of the teeth in the near-centrifugal direction uses the restoring force of the arch wire through the frictional force between the arch wire and the bracket body. More specifically, as shown by the solid line in FIG. 3B, when the crown moves (so-called tilt movement) in the near-centrifugal direction by the archwire, the archwire bends in an S shape. Subsequently, as shown by the dotted line in FIG. 3 (b), a moment is generated in the tooth as the S-shaped archwire returns to a straight line, and this moment causes the root to be the same as the crown in the plane along the near-distal direction. Move in the direction. As a result, the entire tooth moves in the near centrifugal direction. Thus, the tooth movement by the orthodontic bracket is performed by repeating the movement of the crown and the subsequent movement of the root.

  This principle of tooth movement takes into account only planar movement in the ideal near-centrifugal direction, but in reality, teeth that do not want to move may move due to individual differences among subjects. 3D movement may not occur. The orthodontic cap prevents such movement, and the entire tooth can be moved so that the dentition is aligned regardless of individual differences among subjects. In this case, by predicting the amount and direction of tooth movement by computer simulation in advance and preparing an orthodontic cap, the orthodontic cap can move the tooth according to the schedule, The timing to apply force to the teeth can be controlled, and the teeth can be moved effectively.

  In addition, when the orthodontic bracket or orthodontic cap is used alone, unexpected tooth movement or so-called tilt movement may occur, but in this case, a lot of time is required to correct it further. It will take. In such a case, by using the orthodontic bracket and the orthodontic cap in combination, the insufficient points of each can be compensated for and correct orthodontics can be performed at a time. Can be achieved.

  Furthermore, in the method of using the orthodontic appliance according to the present invention, two or more orthodontic brackets are attached to two or more adjacent tooth surfaces and closer to the root side than the maximum ridge of the teeth, and the arch A wire is set in the arch wire slot of the orthodontic bracket, and the orthodontic cap is covered so that a plurality of teeth including the tooth to which the orthodontic bracket is attached are accommodated in the tooth accommodating portion. Yes.

  According to such a method of using the orthodontic appliance of the present invention, a plurality of teeth including the above-described orthodontic bracket is attached to the root side with respect to the maximum ridge of the tooth, and further includes the tooth to which the orthodontic bracket is attached. Is covered with an orthodontic cap so as to be stored in the tooth storage. For this reason, even if the orthodontic bracket is large, the orthodontic cap can be sufficiently covered from the crown to the root side, so that the orthodontic bracket and the orthodontic cap have the orthodontic effect. Can also be fully exerted.

  In addition, since the orthodontic bracket is used in combination with the orthodontic cap, even if the orthodontic bracket is attached to a part of the orthodontic, a sufficient orthodontic effect can be obtained. For this reason, it is difficult for people to see and wear, and the orthodontic cap can be easily attached to and removed from the teeth, so there is little inconvenience when eating or brushing teeth. Get better. Furthermore, by using a transparent material for the orthodontic cap, it becomes more difficult for a person to see the wearing of the tool.

  In the orthodontic appliance and the method of using the orthodontic appliance, the orthodontic bracket is attached to the root side of the maximum ridge of the tooth so as not to obstruct the covering of the orthodontic cap on the tooth. However, it is possible to make a small orthodontic bracket so that the orthodontic cap can be put on the orthodontic bracket together with the teeth, and the orthodontic cap can fully exert its orthodontic effect. If so, the orthodontic bracket may be attached near the maximum ridge of the tooth or near the cusp. In this case, in the orthodontic bracket, by appropriately adjusting the angle of inclination and other parameters related to tooth movement, when using this in combination with the orthodontic cap, the dentition is arranged so that the dentition is aligned at once. It is possible to correct.

  As described above, in the orthodontic bracket of the present invention, it is designed to be attached to the root side from the maximum ridge of the tooth, and the inclination angle when attached to the root side from the maximum ridge of the tooth is It adjusts so that the movement to the lingual side of the said crown may be eased with respect to the inclination angle when attaching to the maximum ridge of a tooth. Therefore, when mounting the orthodontic bracket closer to the root side than the largest ridge of the tooth, the conventional orthodontic bracket solves the problem that the dental crown was not aligned because the crown moved to the lingual side more than necessary. can do.

  Moreover, according to the orthodontic appliance of the present invention, since the orthodontic cap and the orthodontic bracket are provided, they can be used in combination. For this reason, regardless of the individual difference of the subject, the entire tooth can be moved so that the dentition is aligned, and further, the timing of applying force to the tooth is controlled in order to move the tooth according to the schedule, and the effect You can move your teeth.

  In addition, when an orthodontic bracket or orthodontic cap is used alone, unexpected tooth movement or so-called tilt movement occurs, and it takes a lot of time to correct it. By using the orthodontic bracket and the orthodontic cap in combination, the time required for proper orthodontic correction can be reduced.

  In the method of using the orthodontic appliance according to the present invention, the orthodontic bracket is attached to the root side of the maximum ridge of the tooth, and a plurality of teeth including the tooth to which the orthodontic bracket is attached are stored in the tooth. An orthodontic cap is placed so as to be stored in the part. For this reason, even if the orthodontic bracket is large, the orthodontic cap can be sufficiently covered from the crown to the root side, so that the orthodontic bracket and the orthodontic cap have the orthodontic effect. Can also be fully exerted.

  In addition, since the orthodontic bracket is used in combination with the orthodontic cap, even if the orthodontic bracket is attached to a part of the orthodontic, a sufficient orthodontic effect can be obtained. For this reason, it becomes difficult for a person to see wearing and it is not necessary to feel much inconvenience when eating or brushing teeth.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
(Background to the present invention)
First, the background to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 (a), 2 (b), 8 (a), 8 (b) and 9 (a), 9 (b).

  FIG. 2A is a side view showing a conventional method in which the conventional orthodontic bracket 101a is attached in the vicinity of the maximum ridge 7d of the tooth. The conventional orthodontic bracket 101a has the same configuration as the orthodontic bracket 101 of the present invention shown in FIG. 1A except for the inclination angle (θ1) of the bottom surface 4b of the archwire slot 4. FIG. 2 (b) is a side view showing a case where the conventional orthodontic bracket 101a is attached to the tooth root 7b side of the tooth with the highest ridge 7d. FIGS. 8A and 8B are side views showing an example using the orthodontic cap 102 and so-called tilt movement that occurs in that case. FIGS. 9A and 9B are side views showing an example using the orthodontic bracket 101a and orthodontic results generated in that case, respectively.

  In order to prevent the so-called inclined movement as shown in FIG. 8B that occurs when the orthodontic cap 102 shown in FIG. 8A is used, the orthodontic treatment is used in combination with the orthodontic cap 102. It is conceivable to use the bracket 101a. The so-called tilt movement means that the teeth 8a to 10a, 12a to 15a, 8b to 10b, and 12b to 15b do not move, but the crown side mainly moves. In this case, the orthodontic cap 102 has teeth 8a to 10a, 12a to 15a, 8b to 10b, and 12b to 15b as much as possible so as not to reduce the correction effect of the orthodontic cap 102 according to the experiment by the inventors. It is necessary to attach the orthodontic bracket 101a closer to the root 7b than the maximum ridge 7d of the tooth shown in FIG.

  Meanwhile, as shown in FIGS. 2A and 9A, the orthodontic bracket 101a according to the related art has teeth 7 and the largest ridges of 8a to 10a, 12a to 15a, 8b to 10b, and 12b to 15b. The orthodontic result as shown in FIG. 9 (b) is obtained on the premise that it is attached to the tooth surface of 7d.

  If such an orthodontic bracket 101a is attached as it is, as shown in FIG. 2 (b), to the root 7b side of the maximum ridge 7d of the tooth 7, the entire tooth 7 can be moved. As shown in (b), the crown 7a moves to the lingual side and the root 7b moves to the cheek side more than necessary, so that the dentition is not arranged.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2 (c), by adjusting the inclination angle of the bottom surface 4 a of the archwire slot 4 with respect to the mounting surface 3 of the bracket body 2 to the base 1, the root of the tooth 7 is higher than the maximum ridge 7 d. When it is attached to the side 7b, the inclination angle (θ2) is such that a torque is generated so that the movement of the crown 7a toward the tongue side is relaxed with respect to the inclination angle (θ1) of the conventional orthodontic bracket 101a, It was considered that the crown 7a should move appropriately to the lingual side and the root 7b to move appropriately to the cheek side.
(Description of orthodontic appliance according to the first embodiment of the present invention)
Next, the configuration of the orthodontic appliance according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 (a), 1 (b), 2 (c) and 3 (a), 3 (b). explain.

  FIGS. 1A and 1B are perspective views showing the configuration of such an orthodontic appliance. Fig.1 (a) is a perspective view which shows the structure of the orthodontic bracket (fixed orthodontic apparatus) 101 among the orthodontic appliances, and FIG.1 (b) is a dental row among the orthodontic appliances. 1 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a correction cap (removable correction device) 102. FIG.

  2 (c) is a side view when the orthodontic bracket 101 of the present invention is attached to the root 7b side of the maximum ridge 7d, and the right side is a front view. is there.

  This orthodontic appliance includes an orthodontic bracket 101 shown in FIG. 1 (a) and an orthodontic cap 102 shown in FIG. 1 (b).

  As shown in FIG. 1A, the orthodontic bracket 101 includes a plate-like base 1 that can be attached to a tooth surface of a crown by fixing, a bracket body 2 attached to one side of the base 1, and a bracket body. 2 and a U-shaped arch wire slot 4 formed in the shape 2. As shown in FIG. 2C, the archwire slot 4 is formed so that the archwire 5 can be stored crossing the tooth axis C when the orthodontic bracket 101 is attached to the tooth surface of the crown 7a. ing. As a material for the base 1 and the bracket body 2, metal, ceramic, or plastic is mainly used. Among these, as the metal, specifically, stainless steel or a material obtained by coating stainless steel with gold plating or the like can be mentioned. For ceramic brackets and plastic brackets, in order to maintain the strength of the bracket for friction and torque control with the arch wire 5, the U-shaped thin stainless steel is matched to the slot shape in the arch wire slot portion. It is preferable to incorporate a plate made of metal. Further, the archwire 5 has torque in the mesial direction (the lip side when worn), the centrifugal direction (the back of the mouth when worn), the tongue side direction, or the cheek side direction through the frictional force. As occurs, it has a square cross-sectional shape to match the U-shaped archwire slot 4. Stainless steel, cobalt chromium alloy, nickel titanium alloy, beta titanium alloy or the like is used as the material of the arch wire 5.

  Furthermore, it is assumed that the orthodontic bracket 101 is attached to the tooth surface on the tooth root 7b side with respect to the maximum ridge 7d of the tooth. When the tooth is mounted closer to the root 7b than the maximum tooth ridge 7d, the lingual side of the crown 7a is compared with the case of the conventional inclination angle θ1 on the premise that the tooth is attached to the tooth maximum ridge 7d. And the mounting surface 3 of the bracket body 2 to the base 1 is placed in the archwire slot so that the torque of the crown 7a is moderately moved to the lingual side (indicated by the dotted line in FIG. 2C). 4 is inclined at an inclination angle (θ2) with respect to the bottom surface 4a. Further, other parameters such as the angle of the archwire 5 with respect to the tooth axis C and the thickness (t) under the archwire slot 4 are set so that an appropriate correction force is applied to the teeth according to the state of the dentition to be corrected. Etc. are also adjusted in advance.

  In orthodontic treatment, the base 1 is fixed to the tooth surface with a special adhesive or the like, and the archwire 5 is accommodated in the archwire slot 4 of the bracket body 2. Then, an appropriate tension is applied to the arch wire 5. Thereby, a correction force is generated in the near-centrifugal direction (the extending direction of the arch wire 5) or the buccal tongue direction (the extending direction of the arch wire 5 and the direction intersecting the tooth axis). In some cases, an elastic (rubber) or a coil spring (spring) may be set on the bracket body 2 and used together with the archwire 5 in order to enhance the movement in the near-centrifugal direction.

  As described above, in the orthodontic bracket 101 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the orthodontic bracket 101 is attached to the root 7b side of the maximum ridge 7d of the tooth. The inclination angle θ2 when attached to the root 7b side of the maximum ridge 7d is less than the conventional inclination angle θ1 on the assumption that it is attached to the maximum ridge 7d of the tooth. Have been adjusted to be. As a result, torque is generated so that the crown 7a is appropriately pulled to the lingual side when attached to the root 7b side of the maximum ridge 7d of the tooth, so that the tooth 7a moves more than necessary to the lingual side. It can solve the problem that the line is not arranged.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 1B, the orthodontic cap 102 is formed by integrally forming two or more adjacent tooth storage portions 6 in accordance with the tooth shape and the dentition. Yes. And the tooth | gear storage part 6 is put on a tooth | gear from the dental bite head 7c, and this orthodontic cap 102 can be freely attached to and removed from the dentition.

  The tooth storage portion 6 of the orthodontic cap 102 has a symmetrical dentition stored on both the left and right sides corresponding to the upper dentition and the lower dentition. From the distal side to the distal side, the central incisor, the side incisor, the first premolar, the second premolar, the first molar, the second molar, and the third molar are arranged in this order. The orthodontic cap 102 shown in FIG. 1B is used, for example, in the lower jaw dentition. The upper dentition is shown in FIG. 1B according to the shape and dentition of the upper jaw. A structure similar to the orthodontic cap 102 shown is molded.

  As a material of the orthodontic cap 102, a transparent material such as polyurethane is preferable so that it is difficult for a person to see and wear it.

  Next, another orthodontic cap 102a in the orthodontic appliance according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is a side view showing the configuration of the orthodontic cap 102a.

  In the configuration of the orthodontic cap 102a, compared to the orthodontic cap 102 shown in FIG. 1 (b), intermediate incisors 8a / 8b, side incisors 9a / 9b, canines 10a / 10b, and The depths of the storage portions 6 of the first premolars 11a / 11b are the same, but the second premolars 12a / 12b, the first molars 13a / 13b, the second molars 14a / 14b, and the third About the accommodating part 6 of the molar 15a / 15b, the depth is made shallow by excising the coating | coated part by the side of a tooth root. The second small molars 12a / 12b, the first molars 13a / 13b, the second molars 14a / 14b, and the third molars 15a / 15b are made shallower in depth by the second small molars. The covering is not obstructed by the orthodontic bracket 101 attached to the root surface of the molar 12a / 12b, the first molar 13a / 13b, the second molar 14a / 14b, and the third molar 15a / 15b. It is to make it. Such a configuration is useful when the orthodontic bracket 101 has a large size.

  Note that while the orthodontic appliance is attached, the dentition is gradually corrected, and therefore it is necessary to periodically replace the orthodontic cap 102 or 102a whose size is changed accordingly. Regarding the orthodontic cap 102 or 102a, the amount and direction of tooth movement are predicted by computer simulation, and the orthodontic cap 102 or 102a in the middle of correction is prepared in advance. Thereby, the whole tooth can be moved as scheduled and efficiently so that the dentition is arranged.

  Next, how the orthodontic bracket 101 and the orthodontic cap 102 or 102a cooperate to perform orthodontic correction will be described below with reference to FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b). To explain. 3 (a) and 3 (b) are front views for explaining the movement of the teeth in the near-centrifugal direction, and FIG. 3 (a) is a view showing a state before the movement of the teeth, and FIG. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing tooth movement.

  In the orthodontic bracket 101, the tooth movement uses the restoring force of the archwire 5. That is, when the crown 7a is moved in the near-distal direction by the archwire 5 from the state shown in FIG. 3A, as shown by the solid line in FIG. 3B, the archwire 5 becomes S-shaped. Bend. Subsequently, as shown by a dotted line in FIG. 3B, a moment is generated in the tooth 7 as the S-shaped archwire 5 tries to return to a straight line, and this root causes the tooth root 7b to move in the plane along the near-centrifugal direction. It moves in the same direction as the crown 7a. As a result, the entire tooth 7 moves in the near-centrifugal direction. Thus, the movement of the tooth 7 by the orthodontic bracket 101 is performed by repeating the movement of the crown 7a and the subsequent movement of the root 7b. Such a movement principle of the tooth 7 is only considering a planar movement in an ideal near-centrifugal direction. However, in reality, a tooth that does not want to move may move due to individual differences of the subject, Unexpected three-dimensional movement may occur in the teeth. Such movement is prevented by the orthodontic cap 102 or 102a, and the entire tooth 7 can be efficiently moved as scheduled so that the dentition is aligned regardless of individual differences among subjects. It becomes like this.

  As described above, according to the orthodontic appliance according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the orthodontic bracket 101 and the orthodontic cap 102 or 102a are provided. Can do. This prevents so-called tilt movement that occurs when only the orthodontic cap 102 is used, and allows the entire tooth to be moved as scheduled and efficiently so that the dentition is aligned.

In addition, since the orthodontic bracket 101 described above can be used in combination with the orthodontic cap 102, even if the orthodontic bracket 101 is attached to a part of the orthodontics, a sufficient orthodontic effect can be obtained. Can do. For this reason, it is difficult for humans to see the wearing of the tools, and the orthodontic cap 102 is free to attach and detach to the teeth. You don't have to feel it. Furthermore, by using a transparent material for the orthodontic cap 102, it becomes more difficult to see the wearing of the orthodontic appliance as a whole.
(Description of usage of orthodontic appliance according to second embodiment of the present invention)
Next, a method for using the orthodontic appliance according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b) and FIGS. 6 (a) and 6 (b). FIGS. 5A and 5B and FIGS. 6A and 6B are side views. 1A and 1B for the configuration of the orthodontic bracket 101 and the orthodontic cap 102 to be used, and FIG. 2C for the mounting method and tooth structure thereof. Refer to

  The orthodontic appliance is used by extracting the teeth 11a and 11b in the dentition of FIG. 5 (a), and as shown in FIG. 5 (b), between the teeth 10a and 12a and the teeth 10b and 12b. It is applied to a dentition in which a gap corresponding to one tooth is opened between the teeth.

  In the method of using the orthodontic appliance, first, as shown in FIG. 6 (a), the five orthodontic brackets 101 for the upper jaw and the lower jaw are respectively adjacent to the adjacent teeth 10a, 12a to 15a, 10b, 12b. The tooth surface of 15 thru | or 15b is attached to the tooth root 7b side rather than the largest ridge part 7d of a tooth | gear.

  Next, the arch wire 5 is set in the arch wire slot 4 of the orthodontic bracket 101, and an appropriate tension is applied to the arch wire 5. In some cases, an elastic (rubber) or a coil spring (spring) may be set on the bracket body 2 and used together with the archwire 5 in order to strengthen the movement in the mesial direction or the centrifugal direction.

  Next, 14 teeth 8a to 10a, 12a to 15a, 8b to 10b, and 12b to 15b including the teeth 10a, 12a to 15a, 10b, 12b to 15b to which the orthodontic bracket 101 is attached are provided in the tooth storage unit 6. The orthodontic cap 102 is placed so as to be stored. Leave in this state.

  During the mounting of the orthodontic appliance, the dentition is gradually corrected, so that it is periodically replaced with an orthodontic cap 102 or 102a whose dimensions are changed accordingly. In the orthodontic cap 102 or 102a, the amount and direction of tooth movement are predicted in advance by computer simulation, and the orthodontic cap 102 or 102a in the middle of the correction is produced. When an appropriate date elapses in this manner, as shown in FIG. 6B, the dentition is corrected as scheduled and efficiently so that the dentition is aligned.

  According to the method of using the orthodontic appliance according to the second embodiment of the present invention, since the orthodontic bracket 101 is attached to the root 7b side of the maximum ridge 7d of the tooth, the dentition Even if the orthodontic bracket 101 is large, the orthodontic cap 102 can sufficiently cover the teeth. For this reason, the orthodontic effect of the orthodontic cap 102 can be sufficiently exhibited.

  In addition, since the orthodontic cap 102 or 102a is prepared in advance by predicting the amount and direction of tooth movement by computer simulation, the orthodontic bracket 101 and the orthodontic cap 102 or 102a are used in combination. Thus, the orthodontic cap 102 or 102a can effectively move the tooth by controlling the timing of applying the force to the tooth so that the tooth moves according to the schedule.

  Further, when the orthodontic bracket 101 or the orthodontic cap 102 or 102a is used alone, unexpected tooth movement or so-called inclined movement may occur. In this case, in order to further correct it. It takes a lot of time. In such a case, by using the orthodontic bracket 101 and the orthodontic cap 102 or 102a in combination, the insufficient points of each can be compensated for and correct orthodontics can be performed at once. The time can be shortened.

  Next, a method of using another orthodontic appliance according to the second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 7A to 7C are side views. 1A and 1B for the configuration of the orthodontic bracket 101 and the orthodontic cap 102 to be used, and FIG. 2C for the mounting method and tooth structure thereof. Refer to

  As shown in FIG. 7 (a), there is a gap between the teeth 12a / 13a, 13a / 14a, 14a / 15a, 13b / 14b, and 14b / 15b. Useful when you want.

  In the method of using the orthodontic appliance, first, as shown in FIG. 7B, the teeth of the teeth 12a to 15a and 12b to 15b adjacent to the four orthodontic brackets 101 for the upper jaw and the lower jaw, respectively. It is attached to the surface and to the root 7b side from the maximum ridge 7d of the tooth.

  Next, the arch wire 5 is set in the arch wire slot 4 of the orthodontic bracket 101.

  Next, the orthodontic cap 102 is placed so that the 14 teeth 8 a to 15 a and 8 b to 15 b including the teeth to which the orthodontic bracket 101 is attached are accommodated in the tooth accommodating portion 6. Leave in this state.

  During the mounting of the orthodontic appliance, the dentition is gradually corrected. Therefore, the orthodontic cap 102 or 102a whose size is periodically changed is changed accordingly. When an appropriate date elapses in this way, as shown in FIG. 7C, the teeth 13a to 15a and the entire teeth 13b to 15b move to correct the dentition.

  In such a method of using another orthodontic appliance according to the second embodiment of the present invention, the orthodontic bracket 101 is attached to the root 7b side of the maximum ridge 7d of the tooth, and further the tooth An orthodontic cap 102 is placed so that a plurality of teeth 8a to 15a and 8b to 15b including teeth 12a to 15a and 12b to 15b to which the orthodontic bracket 101 is attached are accommodated in the tooth accommodating portion 6.

  Therefore, the orthodontic effect of the orthodontic cap 102 can be sufficiently exerted, and the tooth 7a generated when using the orthodontic bracket so far moves more than necessary to the lingual side. The problem that the rows are not aligned can be solved, and furthermore, the so-called tilting movement that occurs when only the orthodontic cap 102 is used can be prevented, and the teeth 13a to 15a and the entire teeth 13b to 15b can be moved. .

  Although the present invention has been described in detail with the embodiments, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the examples specifically shown in the above embodiments, and the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention are not deviated. Variations in form are within the scope of this invention.

  For example, in the orthodontic appliance described above, the orthodontic bracket is attached to the root side of the maximum ridge of the tooth so as not to interfere with covering the orthodontic cap. If you can make an orthodontic bracket, if you can put the orthodontic cap on the orthodontic bracket along with the teeth, and you can fully demonstrate the orthodontic effect of the orthodontic cap, The orthodontic bracket may be attached near the maximum ridge of the tooth or near the cusp. In this case, in the orthodontic bracket, by appropriately adjusting the angle of inclination and other parameters related to tooth movement, when using this in combination with the orthodontic cap, the dentition is arranged so that the dentition is aligned at once. It is possible to correct.

(A) is a perspective view shown about the structure of the orthodontic bracket which comprises the orthodontic appliance which is 1st Embodiment of this invention, (b) is the dentition which is 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view shown about the structure of the orthodontic cap which comprises an orthodontic tool. (A) is a side view which shows the conventional method which attached the conventional orthodontic bracket in the vicinity of the maximum ridge of a tooth, (b) is a conventional orthodontic bracket from the maximum ridge of a tooth. FIG. 5C is a side view showing the case where it is attached to the root side, and the left side view of (c) shows the orthodontic bracket constituting the orthodontic appliance according to the first embodiment of the present invention from the maximum ridge of the tooth. FIG. 3 is a side view when attached to the tooth root side, and the right side view is a front view. (A) is a front view which shows the state before the movement of a tooth | gear, (b) is a front view which shows the movement of a tooth | gear. It is a side view which shows the other orthodontic cap which comprises the orthodontic appliance which is the 1st Embodiment of this invention. (A), (b) is a side view (the 1) explaining the usage method of the orthodontic appliance which is the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. (A), (b) is a side view (the 2) explaining the usage method of the orthodontic appliance which is the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. (A), (b) is a side view explaining the usage method of the other orthodontic appliance which is the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. (A), (b) is a side view shown about the usage method of the conventional orthodontic cap. (A), (b) is a side view shown about the usage method of the conventional orthodontic bracket.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Base 2 Bracket main body 3 Mounting surface of bracket main body to base 4 Arch wire slot 4a Bottom surface of arch wire slot 5 Arch wire 6 Tooth storage part 7 Tooth 7a Tooth crown 7c Tooth head 7d Tooth head 7d Maximum ridge of tooth 101 Tooth Orthodontic brackets 102, 102a Orthodontic caps θ, θ1, θ2 Inclination angle of bottom surface of arch wire slot with respect to mounting surface of bracket body to base

Claims (7)

A plate-like base that can be attached to the tooth surface of the crown, a bracket body attached to one side of the base, and the bracket so that the archwire can be stored across the tooth axis when attached to the tooth surface. A groove-shaped archwire slot formed in the main body, and movement of teeth in the extending direction of the archwire by the archwire, and teeth in a direction intersecting the extending direction of the archwire and the tooth axis Orthodontic bracket capable of moving,
The orthodontic bracket is characterized in that the orthodontic bracket is attached to the root side of the maximum ridge of the tooth.   The movement of the teeth in the direction crossing the extending direction of the archwire is caused by the torque of the archwire caused by the inclination angle of the mounting surface of the bracket body with respect to the bottom surface of the archwire slot, and the maximum bulge of the teeth The inclination angle when attaching to the root side of the tooth is adjusted so that the movement of the crown toward the lingual side is relaxed compared to the inclination angle when attaching to the maximum ridge of the tooth. The orthodontic bracket according to claim 1.   The orthodontic bracket according to any one of claims 1 and 2 and two or more adjacent tooth storage portions are formed integrally and in accordance with a tooth shape and a tooth row, respectively, and the teeth are stored. An orthodontic appliance, comprising: an orthodontic cap that can be attached to and detached from the tooth to correct the dentition by covering the teeth on the teeth.   4. The tooth according to claim 3, wherein the orthodontic cap has a shallow part or all of the tooth storage portion so as not to cover the orthodontic bracket attached to the tooth. Straightening tool. A plate-like base that can be attached to the tooth surface of the crown, a bracket body attached to one side of the base, and the bracket so that the archwire can be stored across the tooth axis when attached to the tooth surface. A groove-shaped archwire slot formed in the main body, and movement of teeth in the extending direction of the archwire by the archwire, and teeth in a direction intersecting the extending direction of the archwire and the tooth axis Orthodontic bracket capable of moving, and
Two or more adjacent tooth storage parts are formed integrally and in accordance with the shape and dentition of the teeth, respectively, and the tooth storage part is placed on the teeth to correct the dentition. An orthodontic appliance comprising an orthodontic cap which can be attached and detached freely. A method of using the orthodontic appliance according to any one of claims 3 and 4,
Two or more orthodontic brackets are attached to two or more adjacent tooth surfaces, and closer to the root side than the maximum ridge of the teeth,
Set the archwire in the archwire slot of the orthodontic bracket,
A method of using an orthodontic appliance, wherein the orthodontic cap is placed so that a plurality of teeth including a tooth to which the orthodontic bracket is attached is housed in the tooth housing portion. A method of using the orthodontic appliance according to claim 5,
Two or more orthodontic brackets are attached to two or more adjacent tooth surfaces,
Set the archwire in the archwire slot of the orthodontic bracket,
A method of using an orthodontic appliance, wherein the orthodontic cap is placed so that a plurality of teeth including a tooth to which the orthodontic bracket is attached is housed in the tooth housing portion.

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