JP2006191879A - Smoking tool - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a smoking tool for modifying main flow smoke when smoking tobacco, having a structure scarcely attaching tar to a catalyst (in which the catalyst is scarcely poisoned by the tar) and devised so that effective contact time between the main flow smoke and the catalyst becomes longer. <P>SOLUTION: In the smoking tool for modifying main flow smoke when smoking tobacco, a cylindrical body (12) whose both ends are opened, specifying a tobacco smoke passage in the interior is provided and the tobacco smoke passage has a narrow segment (131) having 0.01 mm to 0.65 mm diameter and a modifying material effective for smoke component is arranged in the narrow segment (131). <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a smoking device for modifying mainstream smoke when smoking tobacco, and in particular, can effectively remove carbon monoxide (CO) and nitric oxides (NO, NOx) in mainstream smoke. Smoking equipment.

  Conventionally, it is known to add a redox catalyst to a tobacco filter in order to lower the concentration of carbon monoxide (CO) and nitric oxides (NO, NOx) in the mainstream smoke when smoking tobacco (patent) Document 1, Patent Document 2, etc.).

  As a cigarette filter using an oxidation catalyst, Patent Document 3 discloses a filter for smoking articles in which fine particles such as zeolite and activated carbon are coated as a base, but is disclosed in Patent Document 4. In addition, a method in which various metals are coated on a porous body is generally used. Such metal catalysts are added to tobacco filters and tobacco cuts by various methods to remove carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen oxides (NO, NOx) generated during smoking by an oxidation-reduction reaction.

As a method of applying an additive coated with a catalyst based on fine particles such as zeolite or activated carbon to a normal filter for cigarette, a method of filling the additive with a part of the inside of the filter being hollow, or this additive is used. A method of applying by applying to filter fibers, and a method of fixing to a specific position of the filter using an adhesive are known. Furthermore, Patent Document 5 discloses that the position of the filter opening is specified and the mainstream smoke speed in the filter attached to the cigarette is lowered to increase the action effect of the catalyst.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 54-22276 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 56-15683 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-250666 JP-A-11-235169 JP 2000-210069

  However, since the mainstream smoke during smoking attempts to flow through the part with the lowest resistance inside the cigarette filter until it enters the smoker's mouth, the catalytic effect is present if there is no catalyst in the part with the lowest resistance. In general, the tar in the mainstream smoke is filtered by the filter, but the catalytic surface may be drastically reduced (poisoned) by the tar covering the catalyst surface. In addition, in a method where the catalyst is coated with activated carbon or silica gel and is fixed at a specific position (the part with the lowest resistance inside the filter) where it can easily come into contact with the mainstream smoke in the filter, the adhesive is used as the fixing agent. The effective specific surface area is reduced.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is a structure that prevents tar from adhering to the catalyst (not easily poisoned) and has been devised to increase the effective contact time between the mainstream smoke and the catalyst. It is to provide a smoking device for modifying mainstream smoke.

  According to the present invention, there is provided a smoking device for modifying mainstream smoke during smoking of a cigarette, comprising a cylindrical main body having both ends open and defining a tobacco smoke flow path therein, the cigarette smoke flow path Has a stenosis part with a diameter of 0.01 mm to 0.65 mm, and a tobacco smoking tool characterized in that a modifier effective for smoke components is disposed in the stenosis part.

  The smoking implement according to the present invention can effectively modify mainstream smoke during smoking, even when integrated with a tobacco filter or when used as a xel or tobacco pipe. The smoking tool according to the present invention is particularly effective for removing carbon monoxide (CO) and nitric oxides (NO, NOx) in mainstream smoke.

  The present inventors conducted a fluid analysis of smoke in an attempt to solve the above problem.

  The mainstream smoke of cigarettes is almost the same density as air, even though it is an e-cigarette aerosol, and the viscosity is not much different from air at high temperatures, although it depends on the state of the smoke.

  The fluid flow is divided into a laminar flow region and a turbulent flow region by the difference in flow mechanism. Whether the flow is turbulent or laminar is determined by a dimensionless number called the Reynolds number. A rule of thumb is that if the Reynolds number is 2300 or less, it is a laminar flow, and if the Reynolds number is 3000 to 4000 or more, it becomes a turbulent flow.

  The Reynolds number of the gas flowing through the tube is obtained by the following formula (Formula 1).

  Formula 1: Reynolds number (Re) = tube diameter (D) × average velocity (u) × gas density (ρ) / gas viscosity (μ).

  The flow rate is 17.5 mL / second (a standard smoking state according to the ISO method of tobacco), and if calculated as a circular tube, the flow velocity u of the gas flowing through the tube can be obtained by the following equation (Equation 2).

Formula 2: u = 17.5 × 10 ⁻⁶ × 4 / π × D ² (m / s)
Here, 1.80 (Pa · s · kg / m · s) (air at normal temperature) as the viscosity (μ) of gas (mainstream smoke of cigarettes) and 1.20 ( kg / m ³ ) is substituted into Equation 1, and the tube diameter (D) for setting the Reynolds number (Re) to 2300 or more is determined to be 0.65 mm or less.

  Here, in order to set (Re) to 3000 or more in consideration of changes in various conditions, the tube diameter (D) needs to be 0.5 mm or less.

  In the turbulent flow state, the gas loses its regularity in direction, so if the gas is the mainstream smoke of tobacco and the inner wall of the tube is the catalyst, the effective contact time between the mainstream smoke and the catalyst is much longer than in the laminar flow state. Become.

  In the standard smoking state according to the ISO method, mainstream smoke enters the smoker's mouth at a measured 17.5 mL / second. Therefore, if the tube diameter is 0.65 mm or less calculated by Equation 1, the mainstream smoke flowing through the narrow tube Is not laminar. Further, if the tube diameter is 0.5 mm or less, the mainstream smoke flowing through the thin tube is almost certainly turbulent. If the tube diameter is less than 0.01 mm, clogging with tar or the like is likely to occur, and 0.1 mm or more is preferable.

  Accordingly, a constricted portion having a diameter of 0.01 mm to 0.65 mm is provided in a cylindrical main body having an inlet and an outlet for tobacco smoke and defining a tobacco smoke flow path therein, and tobacco such as a redox catalyst is provided in the constricted portion. An efficient mainstream smoke reforming structure can be obtained by disposing a modifier effective for the smoke component and flowing mainstream smoke. In such a constricted portion, tar deposition is basically unlikely to occur, so that poisoning of the catalyst disposed in the constricted portion is unlikely to occur.

  Furthermore, in order to prevent the tar in the mainstream smoke from being deposited (poisoned) on the catalyst and reducing its catalytic performance, if a filter is provided in the upstream area of the catalyst of the smoking tool, the tar will be filtered in advance. It becomes difficult to poison.

  That is, if the pipe | tube with which a fluid flows is squeezed (providing a constriction part), a pressure will increase and the flow velocity will also increase by it. In the present invention, the principle of the orifice effect is used. That is, if the gas flows with a constant flow rate (17.5 mL / sec) of the gas (cigarette mainstream smoke) flowing from a thick tube through a thin tube, the average velocity (linear velocity) of the gas is equal to the cross-sectional area of the tube. Ascend inversely (Bernoulli's theorem). Under such a high pressure state, the tar component in the mainstream smoke of the tobacco hardly adheres to the pipe. Then, tar deposits at the outlet of the narrow tube (constriction). This is because the pressure increased in the narrow tube (stenosis) is due to the sudden drop in the pressure of the mainstream smoke at the outlet of the narrow tube (stenosis).

  When the mainstream smoke before actually entering the oral cavity is passed through a smoking device having such a constricted portion, tar hardly deposits in the constricted portion where the modifier is disposed, and the exit of the constricted portion Tar deposits.

  When a catalyst is used as the reforming material of the present invention, copper aluminide, copper oxide, cuprous chloride, oxidation, which are known to oxidize (decompose) and remove CO, NOx, CN, etc. as inorganic catalysts. Iron, zinc oxide, cobalt aluminate, palladium compound, ammonium molybdate, platinum, silver nitrate, gold, ruthenium, rhodium, manganese dioxide, titanate compounds, iron and dithiol-containing ligands, and the like can be used.

  When an oxidase (auxiliary agent) is used as the modifying material of the present invention, glutathione peroxidase, tyrosinase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, enzyme catalase, glutathione, selenium, which are known to remove radicals and CO, etc. Cysteine, N-acetylcysteine, mesna, ascorbate, L-glutathione, L-selenomethionine, L-selenocysteine, and tacalase are effective.

  When an oxidizing agent is used in the modifying material of the present invention, calcium peroxide, cerium, sodium percarbonate, sodium perborate, percarbonate, known as a radical and CO, harmful hydrogen peroxide removing material, Perborate, persulfate and benzoic acid can be used.

  Further, mercaptans known as antioxidants for removing radicals and CO, thioether, BHT, BHA, ersorbate, ascorbic acid, tocopherol, vitamin E (d-alpha tocopheryl succinate), Polyphenols, shrimp catechin garade, lignin, proanthocyanidins, propolis (as flavonoids), polyphenols gallic, oil antioxidants, L-ascorbic acid stearate and the like may be used.

  The smoking device of the present invention may be in the form of a tobacco pipe or a xel, which is a mouthpiece, or may be integrated with a filter of a cigarette with a filter.

  A redox catalyst is desirable as an effective modifier for reforming the tobacco smoke component disposed in the constricted portion of the tobacco smoke flow path, but if a filter is provided in the upstream region (in the direction of the tobacco combustion portion) of this modifier. As described above, the poisoning of the catalyst is preferably reduced.

  The Reynolds number of the tobacco smoke stream flowing through the constricted portion of the tobacco smoke channel in which the smoke modifying material is disposed is preferably 2300 or more, and more preferably 3000 or more.

  The narrow portion of the tobacco smoke channel can be constituted by a through hole (orifice plate) having a diameter of 0.01 mm to 0.65 mm, a nozzle, a venturi tube, and a spiral tube provided in the plate-like body.

  Hereinafter, the smoking device of the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to the drawings. Throughout the drawings, similar or similar elements are given the same reference numerals.

  FIG. 1 shows a smoking tool according to one embodiment of the present invention. This smoking tool is configured as a smoking pipe 10. As shown in FIG. 1A, the smoking pipe 10 includes a cylindrical body 12 having both ends opened, and an end of a cigarette (not shown) is inserted through the first opening 121. In the cylindrical body 12, the downstream end portion of the tobacco smoke is gradually reduced in diameter so as to constitute the suction port portion 122. Inside the cylindrical body 12, a plurality (four in FIG. 1A) of disk bodies 13 having through holes 131 at positions spaced from the center cross the tobacco smoke flow path defined in the cylindrical body. So as to be separated from each other. Referring also to FIG. 1 (B) showing the plane of the disc body 13, the through hole 131 has a diameter of 0.01 mm to 0.65 mm according to the present invention, and constitutes a constricted portion in the tobacco smoke flow path. And the modifier (not shown) effective for a smoke component is arrange | positioned at the inner wall. The plurality of disks 13 are arranged such that the through holes 131 are sequentially positioned at the upper part and the lower part.

  FIG. 2 shows a smoking pipe 20 according to another aspect of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2 (A), in this smoking pipe 20, two types of disk bodies 21 and 22 are alternately provided so as to cross the inside of the cylindrical body 12. As shown in FIG. 2B, which shows the plane, the disc body 21 has a through hole at the center of the disc 211, and a mesh 212 is formed in the through hole. The diameter of the mesh (inner diameter of the through hole) is 0.01 mm to 0.65 mm so that this portion forms a constricted portion, and a modifying material (not shown) effective for smoke components is arranged on the mesh 212. Has been. As shown in FIG. 2C, which shows the plane, the disc body 22 is composed of a mesh body 221 provided with a small disc 22 that prevents tobacco smoke from flowing in the center. Cigarette smoke passes through the mesh body 211.

  FIG. 3 shows a smoking pipe 30 according to yet another aspect of the present invention. The smoking pipe 30 is provided with a cylindrical body 31 provided with a spiral groove 311 inside the cylindrical body 12. The outer periphery of the cylindrical body 31 is in contact with the inner wall of the cylindrical body. A constriction flow path for tobacco smoke is defined by the spiral groove 311 and the inner wall of the cylindrical body 12, and the equivalent circle diameter of the cross section of the constriction flow path is 0.01 mm to 0.65 mm.

  In the smoking pipe having the configuration shown in FIG. 3, the same narrow channel can be formed by providing a spiral groove similar to the spiral groove 311 on the inner wall of the cylindrical body 12 and arranging a cylindrical body without a groove in the cylindrical body 12. Can be configured.

  4 and 5 show a complex labyrinth tobacco smoke flow path. In each figure, the flow of tobacco smoke is indicated by arrows.

  As described above, the smoking pipe described with reference to the drawings can be provided with a cigarette smoke filter upstream of the narrowest portion on the most upstream side. Moreover, the structure similar to the smoking pipe demonstrated with reference to a figure can also be comprised as a tobacco filter.

The figure which shows one aspect | mode of the smoking tool of this invention. The figure which shows the other aspect of the smoking tool of this invention. The figure which shows the other aspect of the smoking tool of this invention. The figure which shows the structure of a tobacco smoke flow path. The figure which shows the structure of a tobacco smoke flow path.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 12 ... Cylindrical body 13,21, 22 ... Disc body 131 ... Through-hole which comprises a constriction part 212 ... Mesh 221 ... Mesh body 222 ... Small disc

Claims (6)

  A smoking tool for modifying mainstream smoke during smoking of a cigarette, comprising a cylindrical main body that opens at both ends and defines a tobacco smoke passage inside, and the tobacco smoke passage has a diameter of 0.01 mm. A tobacco smoking tool having a constricted portion of ˜0.65 mm, and a modifier effective for the smoke component disposed in the constricted portion.   The tobacco smoking device according to claim 1, wherein the tobacco smoking device is a mouthpiece.   The cigarette smoking tool according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a filter at an inlet of the cigarette smoke.   The tobacco smoking article according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the modifying material is a redox catalyst.   The tobacco smoke smoking device according to claim 1, wherein the tobacco smoke stream flowing through the constriction has a Reynolds number of 2300 or more.   The at least one plate-like body is provided across the tobacco smoke flow path, and the plate-like body is provided with at least one through-hole constituting the narrowed portion. The tobacco smoking device according to any one of -5.

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