JP2006175205A - Three-dimensional measurement and evaluation device for dental manufacture and instruction method on the evaluation - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make two-dimensional and/or three-dimensional evaluations on various dental manufactures to be evaluated easily, quickly, objectively, fairly, appropriately, and reproducibly, so as to present what should be corrected based on objective figures and concrete instructions. <P>SOLUTION: This device three-dimensionally measures various dental manufactures to be evaluated, corrects the three-dimensional data by moving or deforming them depending on their objectives, summates two-dimensional or three-dimensional differences from their model dental manufacture forms, evaluates the three-dimensional form on the basis of quality and quantity, and present what and how much to be corrected concretely and objectively, in guiding dental clinical technical trainees or the like. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for teaching a correction amount by qualitatively and / or quantitatively evaluating a three-dimensional form of a dental product with a basic form as a model and presenting an objective quantity. Is.

  In the field of dentistry, in order to make an artificial prosthesis function in the same manner as a natural tooth, it is required to approximate the shape of a natural tooth as much as possible. Therefore, in education, training, and examination of dental technology for improving dental treatment technology, it is necessary to acquire production technology that approximates the basic model form.

Conventional dental clinical technique evaluation instruction methods have been performed by an expert who is an instructor mainly by visual observation of an evaluation object produced by a practitioner based on his / her experience. For this reason, evaluation results and instruction methods are slightly different depending on the evaluator.
On the other hand, the manufacture of dental materials using CAD / CAM has been carried out for a long time, and various proposals have been made for evaluation methods by comparing the surface data of the measured prosthesis model with the reference data stored in advance. Has been made.

Japanese Patent Application No.55-127074 Japanese Patent Application No. 7-89716 In Japanese Patent Application No. 55-127074, a computer stores a three-dimensional form such as a tooth and projects the stored patient's tooth form and ideal form on a projection screen. Immediately determine if the part should be corrected. The use of a computer for evaluation is disclosed. That is, it has been a well-known technique for a long time to store three-dimensional data on teeth, etc. in a computer and evaluate the data by superimposing it with an ideal form. In Japanese Patent Application No. 7-89716 (Nikon application), data correction (coordinate movement) is performed to superimpose data, and evaluation is performed in a state in which feature points and shapes are most consistent. As a result, a method that focuses on education that enables qualitative and / or quantitative evaluation has been proposed.

In this way, although the formation of virtual prosthesis shapes by a computer has been proposed as software for supporting dental training, the three-dimensional shape data sufficient to form a solid is very large, and these are stored on a computer. In order to carry out the comparison processing, it took time or a computer with excellent processing ability was required.

The problem to be solved is that the three-dimensional form of the manufactured dental prosthesis or the like cannot be quickly evaluated and guided with objectivity, fairness, validity, reproducibility, and the like.

The present invention is a three-dimensional measurement of a prosthesis or the like manufactured for dental treatment, and then the movement and deformation of the three-dimensional data are corrected according to each purpose, and the basic form as a model By making a comparative evaluation, the main feature is to produce a prosthesis or the like more similar to a natural tooth and to learn the production technique.
Furthermore, the present invention enables the examinee to make a quick result and an effective determination by placing an emphasis on the main part of the evaluation of the model to be processed.

  In the comparative evaluation of the carving model of the present invention, it is important to evaluate the balance of the shape of the manufactured carving model, and the overall size is not an evaluation target. Therefore, after the three-dimensional measurement of the carving form to be compared, the two-dimensional area is enlarged and reduced to the two-dimensional form and / or the three-dimensional form closest to the basic form to be modeled. And / or integrate 3D volume positive and negative errors, and further add 3D errors such as cusp position, corner position, foveal position, maximum ridge position, etc. Then, the three-dimensional form is evaluated qualitatively and / or quantitatively, and an objective quantity is presented to guide the correction amount and the like.

  In the comparative evaluation of the wax-up teeth of the present invention, since the abutment tooth form for producing the wax-up is the same form, the data in the margin portion is three-dimensionally consistent. Therefore, after three-dimensionally measuring the wax-up form to be compared, the margin part data of the model form and the margin part data of the comparison form are overlaid three-dimensionally, and positive and negative of the three-dimensional area , Qualitatively and / or quantitatively, by adding three-dimensional errors such as the position of the tip of the cusp, the position of the corner, the position of the fovea, the position of the largest ridge, etc. Evaluate the original form and present the objective quantity to teach the correction amount.

  In the comparative evaluation of the abutment forming teeth according to the present invention, the original teeth that form the abutment have the same form. Therefore, if a reference position is provided on the original teeth, the comparison data can be easily superimposed. Therefore, after the three-dimensional measurement of the abutment forming tooth form to be compared, the reference position data set in the model form and the reference position data of the comparison form are three-dimensionally superimposed, Quantitative and / or quantitative by accumulating positive and negative errors of area, and further accumulating three-dimensional errors such as margin position, axial surface angle, edge shape, corner shape, etc. Evaluate the three-dimensional form and present the objective quantity to teach the correction amount.

  In the comparative evaluation of the cavity forming tooth according to the present invention, the original tooth for forming the cavity is the same form. Therefore, if the reference position is provided in the original tooth, the comparison data can be easily superimposed. Therefore, after measuring the cavity formation form to be compared in three dimensions, the reference position data set in the model form and the reference position data in the comparison form are superimposed in three dimensions to obtain a three-dimensional area. Accumulate positive and negative errors, and further evaluate three-dimensional forms qualitatively and / or quantitatively by integrating three-dimensional errors such as margin position, axial angle, and edge tilt. Then, the correction amount is instructed by presenting the objective quantity.

  In the comparative evaluation of the denture array jaw model of the present invention, the denture model in which the dentures are arrayed has the same form. Therefore, if a reference position is provided in the jaw model, comparison data can be easily superimposed. Therefore, after measuring the arrangement form of the dentures to be compared three-dimensionally, the reference position data set in the model form and the reference position data of the comparison form are superimposed three-dimensionally to obtain a three-dimensional area. Qualitatively and / or quantitatively by accumulating positive and negative errors, and further integrating three-dimensional errors such as the two-dimensional position of each denture, the height of each denture, and the inclination angle of each denture The amount of correction is instructed by evaluating the 3D form and presenting the objective quantity.

In the comparative evaluation of the fixing clasps such as dentures of the present invention, a three-dimensional form in which the fixing clasps such as dentures properly come into contact with the teeth is important. for that reason,
After three-dimensional measurement of the clasp shape to be compared, the three-dimensional data in contact with the tooth surface of the model shape and the three-dimensional data in contact with the tooth surface of the comparison target shape are overlaid at the closest position to obtain a three-dimensional Accumulate positive and negative errors for a large area, and further add 3D errors for other parts to evaluate 3D morphology qualitatively and / or quantitatively and present objective quantities The amount of correction is instructed.

The present invention is a three-dimensional measurement of a prosthesis or the like manufactured for dental treatment, and then the movement and deformation of the three-dimensional data are corrected according to each purpose, and the basic form as a model By making a comparative evaluation, the main feature is to produce a prosthesis or the like more similar to a natural tooth and to learn the production technique.
That is, the surface shape of the dental prosthesis manufactured in the practice is measured in contact or non-contact, and 3D data is formed and the 3D sample data of the final shape sample is input, and the heart disk, MO, CD -R, CD, SD, memory card, RAM, ROM, or in a configuration that displays data that has been input and stored temporarily or continuously on a computer monitor using a network.

Performing three-dimensional display of measurement data and sample data on the computer screen with X, Y and Z coordinates;
Forming and displaying three-dimensional data obtained by superimposing the measurement data and sample data on the X, Y, and Z axes based on a predetermined standard;
An image display system for teaching and evaluating dental technology, comprising: displaying the superimposed three-dimensional data as data cut by a coordinate plane.
By switching the displayed data in conjunction with the operation of the operator so that the target part can be visually confirmed and selected,
Rather than simply observing only the differences from the whole, it is possible to clearly display parts that are difficult for the evaluator to experience on the three-dimensional data, which are important from experience.

  When comparing the 3D data of the dental product to be compared with the 3D data of the model form and comparing the 3D form difference, it is cut in a strip shape in the X-axis direction or the Y-axis direction. Further, it is characterized by sliding freely by a simple operation of a computer interface, qualitatively and / or quantitatively evaluating a portion emphasized by an evaluator, and presenting a difference in an objective quantity.

  When comparing the three-dimensional difference between three-dimensional forms by superimposing the three-dimensional data of the dental product to be compared with the three-dimensional data of the model form, the Z value of each characteristic unevenness data It is characterized by qualitatively and / or quantitatively evaluating by comparing the position of the peak value and the valley value, and presenting the difference in an objective quantity.

When the 3D data of the dental product to be compared and the 3D data of the model form are overlaid and the difference in 3D form is compared, the top value of the Z value of the model form is calculated. It is characterized by qualitatively and / or quantitatively evaluating by presenting the difference in an objective quantity by cutting out the connected two-dimensional planes and comparing the forms of the dental products to be compared on the planes. To do.
In the present invention, the difference can be shown on the screen in a fractional manner on the computer, and the differences can be shown on the computer screen continuously for other parts. It is possible to observe while overlapping the partial difference, and provide appropriate evaluation materials for evaluating and teaching dental prosthesis manufacturing technology.
The difference display on the computer can be moved and changed arbitrarily by operating the mouse, trackball, keyboard, light pen, and other interfaces used in the computer. Differences can be displayed.

The present invention, after measuring the three-dimensional form of various dental products that have been evaluated by visual observation until now with a three-dimensional form measuring device, the movement and deformation of the three-dimensional data according to the evaluation purpose of each product The three-dimensional form is evaluated with objectiveness, fairness, validity, reproducibility, and the like, and an objective quantity is presented.
In the evaluation of various dental products, in the case where an invisible part or an invisible part is objectively evaluated, the present invention can continuously view a partial shape of the product by a simple operation of a computer. It is possible to make evaluations for hidden mistakes.

In order to evaluate the three-dimensional form of various dental products and improve the clinical technology of dentistry, it is necessary to guide the guideline objectively, qualitatively and / or quantitatively. For this purpose, it is necessary to modify and evaluate the three-dimensional data by moving or deforming based on important reference forms of each dental product, and to provide guidelines for the amount of form correction. The present invention, after measuring with a three-dimensional morphological measuring device, performs correction and evaluation of three-dimensional data according to each purpose, and further, by displaying the morphologically defective portion qualitatively and / or quantitatively by quantity, A simple and high-speed three-dimensional evaluation instruction system that can improve the clinical technology of dentistry has been realized.
That is, if the evaluator simply presses the computer interface, keeps pressing the keyboard, mouse button, etc. and stops pressing at the desired part, the sample that is the desired part on the image and the fragment of the model to be evaluated Such a mode in which a synthetic part is displayed has a specification in which, for example, the model to be evaluated is displayed exaggeratedly by coloring, line thickness, etc. in a part where the difference between the model and the sample is extremely different. You may do it. Further, a desired part may be displayed graphically on the image, and if desired, a numerical value corresponding to the difference may be displayed by simply bringing the icon to that part.

FIG. 1 is a diagram in which three-dimensional measurement data of a carving model model 11 serving as a model and a training carving model 12 manufactured by a practitioner by hand carving are arranged and compared from above in one embodiment of the present invention. Obviously, the size of the training carving model 12 of the trainee is small. In the evaluation of the carving model, the morphological balance is an important point, so it is not possible to evaluate the three-dimensional error as it is. Therefore, after calculating the center point O of the practical carving model 12 of the instructor, the carving model model 11 and the two-dimensional cross-sectional area of the model are expanded to a size that most closely approximates, and the respective data are converted to the center point O. FIG. 2 shows the images centered on each other.
L1 corresponds to the maximum ridge of the carving model model 11, and L2 corresponds to the maximum ridge of the training carving model 12.
The center point O is obtained by, for example, the center of the maximum value and the minimum value in the X direction and the Y direction of each carving model.
In the result of this example, the cross-sectional area of the carving model tooth model (carving model model 11) is 216 mm ² , and the result of integrating the positive and negative errors of the cross-sectional area of the practical carving model 12 created by the practitioner is 18 The error rate was 8.56% at 0.5 mm ² . As an example, if a 2-point deduction is set for an error rate of 1%, the evaluation score of the trainee is 82.87 points. The error rate obtained by integrating the positive and negative errors of the three-dimensional volume is 12.7%, and the evaluation score is 74.6.

The error rate and evaluation score are obtained using the following formula.
FIG. 3 shows an example of a computer screen, in which only the carving model model 11 is displayed. A plurality of cusp tips L11 to L14 are shown. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, after superposing the carving model 11 and the training carving model 12, one or a plurality of cusps L11 to L14 may be compared and evaluated from their error rates.
The cusp apex is not limited to the portion shown in FIG. 3, and it is sufficient that it is within a predetermined range from at least the highest z-axis value in the data.
The method for obtaining the cusp tip is indicated, for example, by selecting the Z value at the apex according to the number of cusp tips determined by each tooth.
The integration result of the error of the three-dimensional distance of the cusp tip positions L11 to L14 is 1.80 mm. As an example, if 0.1 mm is set as one point deduction, the evaluation score is 82.0 points.
When comparing the tip of the cusp, it is preferable that the center point O of both is first matched as shown in FIG. L10 is one part of the top of the cusp of the reference model, L10 ′ is the part of the top of the cusp corresponding to L10, both of which must be originally in the same part, Will be deducted from the evaluation.

Similarly, the integration result of the error of the three-dimensional distance at the positions of the corner portions L20 to L23 of the carving model model 11 shown in FIG. 4 is 2.80 mm. As an example, 0.1 mm is set as one point deduction. Then, the evaluation score is 72.0 points.
The corner portions L20 to L23 are obtained, for example, by obtaining a portion having a radius of 2 to 5 mm from the center with respect to the xy axis direction and a range from the maximum value to 3 mm with respect to the z axis direction. One of the corners will be described in detail. L20 represents a corner portion of the carving model, and L20 ′ represents a corner portion of the practical carving model.
The difference between L20 and L20 ′ is a calculation factor for evaluation of the practical carving model. If the deviation is large, the evaluation is reduced, and when a plurality of corner portions are included in the evaluation, the deviation may be calculated and the averaged value may be used as the evaluation value determination element.

In the screen 01 on the computer shown in FIG. 5, the integrated result of the error of the three-dimensional distance at the position of the fovea (minimum z-axis value on the occlusal surface) L30 of the carving model 11 is 0.80 mm. As an example, if 0.1 mm is set as a 2-point deduction, the evaluation score is 84.0 points.
The method for obtaining the central fovea L30 is, for example, the minimum value of the z-axis value on the occlusal surface, and the difference (inclination) from the adjacent value is within a predetermined range.
The fovea L30 is on the model for sample reference, and L30 ′ is the fovea on the model created by the practitioner's practice. The amount of deviation between L30 and L30 ′ may be set to be proportional to the number of points deducted from the evaluation.

The integrated result of the error of the three-dimensional area at the position of the largest ridge part L4 of the carving model model 11 on the computer screen 01 shown in FIG. 6 is 23.80 mm ² and the error rate is 7.34%. If 1% is set as a 2-point deduction, the evaluation score is 85.3 points.
The three-dimensional area of the position of the maximum ridge part L4 is obtained by, for example, (z axis value ± 2 to 5 mm with respect to the maximum contour value of the model in the xy plane).
L41 of FIG.6 (b) shows the maximum ridge of a carving model model, L41 'shows the maximal ridge of a training carving model. In some cases, the difference between L41 and L41 ′ is proportional to the number of points deducted from the evaluation.
In this way, it is possible to evaluate and teach the three-dimensional form qualitatively and / or quantitatively by integrating errors in the form of the carving model two-dimensionally and / or three-dimensionally.

Evaluation of wax-up part

FIG. 7 shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which a virtual wax-up tooth form model 13 serving as a model and a virtual training wax-up tooth form 13 ′ produced by a practitioner are overlapped to form an x, z axis, or It is the figure compared on the yz axial plane. L51 is the contour of the wax-up tooth configuration model 13, and L51 'is the contour of the training wax-up tooth configuration 13'.
The contour is. When the x, z-axis or yz-axis plane is taken, and the evaluation is performed by averaging four to eight planes obtained by shifting other axes per unit with respect to the x, z-axis plane There is also.
In the comparative evaluation of the wax-up teeth of the present invention, since the abutment tooth form for producing the wax-up is the same form, the data of the margin part is three-dimensionally matched and may be used as a reference.

  Therefore, after the wax-up tooth form 13 to be compared is measured three-dimensionally, the margin part data L41 of the model form and the margin part data L41 ′ of the comparison form are superimposed three-dimensionally, The error is integrated three-dimensionally and the wax-up tooth form is evaluated.

In the result of this example, the cross-sectional area of the wax-up tooth model as a model is 5.72 mm ² , and the result of integrating the positive and negative errors of the cross-sectional area of the practical wax-up tooth created by the trainee is 0.93 mm. ² and the error rate was 16.2%. As an example, if 2 points are deducted for an error rate of 1%, the evaluation score of the trainee is 67.6 points.
The error rate obtained by integrating positive and negative errors of the three-dimensional volume is 13.6%, and the evaluation score is 72.8 points.
Furthermore, FIG. 3 shows a three-dimensional comparison of the cusp apex position. The accumulated result of the three-dimensional distance error of the cusp apex position is 2.51 mm, for example, 0.1 mm is deducted by one point. If set as above, the evaluation score becomes 74.9 points.

Similarly, the integration result of the error of the three-dimensional distance at the corner position shown in FIG. 4 is 3.25 mm. As an example, when 0.1 mm is set as one point deduction, the evaluation score is 67.5 points. It becomes. The integration result of the error of the three-dimensional distance at the position of the fovea shown in FIG. 5 is 2.67 mm. As an example, if 0.1 mm is set as one point deduction, the evaluation score is 73.3 points. The integration result of the error of the three-dimensional area at the position of the largest ridge shown in FIG. 6 is 6.92 mm ² and the error rate is 12.1%. As an example, 1% is evaluated as a two-point deduction. The score is 75.8.
In this way, it is possible to evaluate and teach the three-dimensional form qualitatively and / or quantitatively by accumulating errors in two-dimensional and / or three-dimensional forms of the wax-up teeth.

Abutment tooth evaluation

Although the education system in the present invention can evaluate the formation of the abutment tooth portion, an example thereof will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIGS. 8 to 11 show virtual data displayed on the computer screen and show a state where a portion shifted by superimposition is colored, cross-section processing, and the like.

FIG. 8 shows an embodiment of the present invention, in which an abutment forming tooth form 81 as a model and an abutment tooth form 81 ′ formed by a practitioner are overlapped and compared from the side x, z axis, or yz axis surface. FIG.
The difference is indicated by 81 ″. When the difference 81 ″ is increased, the evaluation is reduced. However, whether the difference is measured and compared two-dimensionally or measured and compared three-dimensionally is appropriately selected.
It may be preferable to randomly select a plurality of planes including at least the main part and measure the difference.

In the comparative evaluation of the abutment forming teeth according to the present invention, the original teeth that form the abutment have the same form. Therefore, if a reference position is provided on the original teeth, the comparison data can be easily superimposed.

Therefore, after the three-dimensional measurement of the abutment forming tooth form 81 to be compared is performed, the reference position data set in the model form and the reference position data of the comparison target form are superimposed three-dimensionally to obtain a two-dimensional And / or the error is integrated three-dimensionally to evaluate the shape of the abutment forming tooth.
In the result of this example, the cross-sectional area of the entire surface of the abutment forming tooth of the model tooth is 6.51 mm ² , the result of accumulating positive and negative errors of the cross-sectional area of the trainee is 0.69 mm ² , and the error rate is It was 10.6%. As an example, if 2 points are deducted for an error rate of 1%, the evaluation score of the trainee is 78.8 points. The error rate obtained by integrating the positive and negative errors of the three-dimensional volume is 13.8%, and the evaluation score is 72.4 points.
Further, FIG. 9 shows a three-dimensional comparison of margin positions. The integration result of the error 82 ″ of the three-dimensional area at the margin position is 17.68 mm ² and the error rate is 7. As an example, if 1% is set as a 2-point deduction, the evaluation score is 84.4 points.

Similarly, the average result of the three-dimensional whole surface of the angle of the axial plane shown in FIG. 10 is 6.31 degrees. For example, when 0.1 degree is set as 1 point deduction, the evaluation score is 69.0 points. Become. Since the configuration of FIG. 10 is the same as that of FIGS. 8 and 9, the same number is used.

The three-dimensional evaluation result in the form of 81a ′ with respect to the form 81a of the edge of the margin line 82 shown in FIG. 11A is a comparison of the Z value 1 mm inside from the margin line. If 0.84 mm and 0.1 mm are set as 2 points deduction, the evaluation score is 83.2 points.
The three-dimensional evaluation result in the form of 81b ′ with respect to the corner angle 81b shown in FIG. 11B is 1.64 mm as a result of integrating the three-dimensional position errors of the four corner angles. If 0.1 point is set as 1 point deduction, the evaluation score is 83.6 points.
In this way, it is possible to evaluate and guide the three-dimensional form qualitatively and / or quantitatively by integrating errors in the form of the abutment tooth two-dimensionally and / or three-dimensionally.

Inlay evaluation

Further, the present invention makes it possible to evaluate an inlay. The embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a comparison of the cavity forming tooth form as a model and the cavity forming form formed by a practitioner from the side x, z axis, or yz axis surface in one embodiment of the present invention.

In the comparative evaluation of the cavity forming tooth according to the present invention, the original tooth for forming the cavity is the same form. Therefore, if the reference position is provided in the original tooth, the comparison data can be easily superimposed.
Therefore, after the cavity forming tooth form to be compared is measured three-dimensionally, the reference position data set in the model form and the reference position data of the comparison target form are overlaid three-dimensionally, Alternatively, the error is three-dimensionally integrated to evaluate the shape of the cavity forming tooth.
In the result of this example, the cross-sectional area in the cavity of the model tooth is 1.98 mm ² , the result of accumulating the positive and negative errors of the cross-sectional area of the trainee is 0.173 mm ² , and the error rate is 8.74. %Met. As an example, if 2 points are deducted for an error rate of 1%, the evaluation score of the trainee is 82.5 points. The error rate obtained by integrating the positive and negative errors of the three-dimensional volume is 16.7%, and the evaluation score is 66.6 points.

Further, FIG. 13 shows the upper surface of the reference model 91, and 90 shows one inlay of the product to be evaluated.
In this case, a three-dimensional comparison between the position of the margin 93 and the margin 93 ′ formed by the trainee is shown. The integration result of the error of the three-dimensional area of the margin position is 13.45 mm ^2, which is an error. The rate is 6.93%. As an example, if 1% is set as a 2-point deduction, the evaluation score is 86.14 points.
Similarly, the average result of the three-dimensional whole surface of the angle of the axial surface shown in FIG. 14A (the angle 91a ′ of the practitioner-processed cavity 92 ′ with respect to the angle 91a of the model cavity 92) is 5.83 degrees. As an example, if 0.1 degree is set as one point deduction, the evaluation score is 83.0 points.
In this way, it is possible to evaluate and guide the three-dimensional shape qualitatively and / or quantitatively by accumulating errors in the two-dimensional and / or three-dimensional manner of the cavity forming tooth.

Evaluation of dentures with base

FIG. 15A shows an embodiment of the present invention, in which the three-dimensional data of the denture array jaw serving as a model and the three-dimensional data of the denture array 101 jaw prepared by the practitioner are superimposed and compared obliquely from above. FIG. In the comparative evaluation of the denture array form 101 according to the present invention, the jaw model 102 on which the dentures are arranged has the same form. Therefore, if the reference position is provided on the jaw model 102, the comparison data can be easily superimposed.
Therefore, after the three-dimensional measurement of the denture array 101 form to be compared is performed three-dimensionally, the reference position data set in the model jaw model 102 and the reference position data of the comparison target form are superimposed three-dimensionally to obtain a two-dimensional The errors are integrated and / or three-dimensionally integrated to evaluate the denture array 101 form.

In the result of the present example, the integrated distance of the three-dimensional positive and negative errors between the center position of the incisor of each denture of the denture array jaw serving as a model and the same position of the practitioner is 11.84 mm, as an example, If 0.5 mm is set as 1 point deduction, the evaluation score is 76.32. Similarly, FIG. 15B is an example in which the integrated distance of the three-dimensional positive and negative errors of the height of each denture (the higher state 101a ′ with respect to the normal height 101a) is 9.32 mm. Assuming that 0.5 mm is set as one point deduction, the evaluation score is 81.37. FIG. 15 (c) shows an integrated angle 101bc of positive and negative errors of the inclination angle 101b ') of each denture (normal posture 101b), which is 7.23 degrees. If the deduction is set, the evaluation score is 85.5 points. In this way, it is possible to evaluate and guide the three-dimensional form qualitatively and / or quantitatively by integrating the errors of the denture array jaws two-dimensionally and / or three-dimensionally.

Evaluation of fixtures

FIG. 16 shows an embodiment of the present invention, in which three-dimensional data of a fixing clasp such as a denture for fixing a denture by a neighboring tooth serving as a model and three-dimensional data of a clasp produced by an apprentice are overlapped. It is the figure compared from.
In the comparative evaluation of fixing clasps such as dentures of the present invention, the three-dimensional form on the side where the clasps are in proper contact with the teeth is important. Therefore, after measuring the clasp form to be compared three-dimensionally, each three-dimensional data is placed on the tooth surface and overlapped, and the error is integrated two-dimensionally and / or three-dimensionally. Evaluate 3D morphology.
FIG. 16A is a view of the clasp as viewed from above, FIG. 16B is a side view, and FIG. 16C is a view in which adjacent teeth are surrounded by the clasp. Reference numeral 110 denotes a connection part connected to the denture, and reference numeral 111 denotes an go part that surrounds the adjacent tooth 112.

In the result of the present embodiment, positive and negative errors (113-113 ′) between the three-dimensional data on the side contacting the tooth surface of the fixing clasp such as a denture used as a model and the same three-dimensional data produced by the apprentice in an integrated area is 21.94Mm ^2, as an example, merit and sets a 1 mm ² 1 demerit points and becomes 78.06 points. Similarly, setting the area between the clasp and the tooth in contact with this as a model of FIG. 16 (d), the error of the area of the training person in 18.26Mm ^2, as an example, a 1 mm ² 1 point deduction and Then, the evaluation score is 81.74 points. In this way, it is possible to evaluate and guide the three-dimensional form qualitatively and / or quantitatively by accumulating errors two-dimensionally and / or three-dimensionally in the form of a fixing clasp such as a denture. .

Next, an example of a three-dimensional shape measuring instrument used in the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
Reference numeral 121 denotes a measurement probe, to which a stylus 122 is connected at the tip.
The measurement probe 121 is coupled to a parallel link robot arm or the like, and moves like a to c by the movement of the robot arm. The stylus 122 at the tip contacts the surface of the object to be measured, and at the time of the contact Three-dimensional shape data is obtained by connecting XYZ coordinates.
Reference numeral 123 denotes a placement unit, which places the measurement object 124 and performs up and down, rotation, and the like so that contact measurement is appropriately performed. The place where the stylus touches is detected, and the coordinates of the position in the absolute space coordinates determined in advance are digitized and stored in a computer or the like.

FIG. 18 shows the entire educational system using the measuring apparatus having such a configuration.
Reference numeral 125 denotes a measuring apparatus main body, and reference numeral 126 denotes a processing apparatus, which is configured by a dedicated or general-purpose computer. Reference numeral 126a denotes a mouse, which is exemplified by one button type, two button types, three buttons, a roller controller in the center, and an object including a trackball. It may be a touch panel type to be used.
Reference numeral 126b denotes a keyboard, which may be a numeric keypad only. A monitor screen 126c is composed of a liquid crystal and a CTR, and a printer or the like may be used instead.
The measurement device 125 and the processing device 126 are connected by a parallel or serial connection cable 130 such as an RS232C cable, a printer cable, or a USB cable.
Reference numeral 127 denotes another remote processing device 107 that connects a network such as the Internet or a LAN via the network 133, and is configured by a dedicated or general-purpose computer.

Reference numerals 128 and 129 denote line connection units A and B for connecting a processing device such as a provider to a network.
The line connection unit A128 is connected to the remote processing device 127 via the cable 132,
The line connection unit B 129 is connected to the measurement device 125 or the processing device 126 via the cable 131.
Any of these cables may be replaced with a medium such as radio waves or infrared rays, and the configuration of the line connection unit may be changed according to the medium.

In the system shown in FIG. 18, the examiner and the evaluator do not necessarily have to be in the same place, and the examiner and the instructor instruct and evaluate the operation at the remote place by the remote processing device 127. Is also possible.
A training model 124 shown in FIG. As illustrated in FIG. 17, the measurement probe 121 performs contact measurement while moving in the directions a to c.
In this case, the contact measurement is preferably performed by determining the center of the test model 124 and performing radial measurement from the center point.
In the present invention, it is sufficient to obtain at least the abutment tooth data obtained by measuring the surface of the abutment tooth, and then contact the upper prosthesis such as the denture to obtain the upper prosthetic data such as the denture. Prosthetic data that captures the part is formed.
In the measurement apparatus according to the embodiment shown in FIG. 17, for example, when evaluating a prosthesis by carving, contact measurement is performed from the upper part of the carving model formed by the examinee to the maximum ridge, and three-dimensional data is obtained. After acquisition, the surface of the model serving as an abutment tooth is measured to obtain three-dimensional data including margin lines and the like.

Next, side three-dimensional data that connects the largest ridge and the margin line is virtually created.
The virtual side surface data is curved surface data that does not exceed the maximum ridge, and may be formed by existing data such as a spline curve.
Since this part is not the target of the evaluation, it is displayed in a complemented state for virtual display on the computer, and the measurement data and sample or reference data are compared visually. Is preferred.
It should be noted that such a supplement may not be necessary in the case of numerical comparison evaluation.
Furthermore, when it is desired to actually measure the side surface, a T-shaped stylus or a cross stylus may be used.

Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 17, 18 and 19 and subsequent drawings.
FIG. 19 shows, for example, superimposing three-dimensional surface data obtained by surface contact with the contact-type contact probe 121 shown in FIG. 17 and three-dimensional data of a sample recorded in advance on the screen with the reference point as the center. It is reproduced in the state.
Specifically, the three-dimensional data 12 formed on the screen by the three-dimensional data based on the carving model that is a model stored in advance and the three-dimensional measurement data 11 of the carving model produced by the trainee are superimposed. Each data is temporarily or continuously stored in the processing device 126 shown in FIG.
Next, the band is cut out in one of the X-axis directions (XZ plane) of FIG. 19A and displayed on the monitor 126c. Reference numerals 13 and 14 denote cut surfaces, and FIG. 19B shows only that portion. Reference numeral 14 denotes a part of the contour of the model data, and reference numeral 13 denotes a part of the contour formed by the three-dimensional data of the product produced by the trainee.
As shown in FIG. 19 (b), by comparing on a two-dimensional plane, the difference in form can be clearly understood, and further, the designated location can be evaluated with an objective numerical value. Further, by moving the stripped surface in the Y-axis direction, the overall morphological difference can be visually confirmed.

FIG. 20 is an embodiment of the present invention, and after superimposing the three-dimensional measurement data of the carving model as a model and the carving model produced by the trainee, the top value of the Z coordinate of the unevenness data of each data from the upper surface It is the figure which showed the position of T and the valley bottom value S.
FIG. 20 (a) shows the three-dimensional data of the model 20 virtually in three dimensions on the computer screen 126c, and the parts indicating the top are indicated by T1 to T6. Similarly, the top point created by the trainee is also detected from the data value.
FIG. 20B shows the upper surface in a state where the model data 20 and the contours of the trainee production model are superimposed. 21 is the outline of the trainee production model, and 22 is the outline of the sample model.
S1 to S5 correspond to the valley bottom value of the sample model, and U1 to U5 correspond to the valley bottom value of the trainee production model.
The valley bottom value of the trainee production model is the portion where the value after the shape measurement is the smallest, and corresponds to the corresponding part of the valley bottom value of the sample model data 20.
By comparing the features, the overall morphological difference can be visually confirmed.

FIG. 20 (c) shows a configuration in which, as in FIG. 20 (b), the top values T1 to T5 of the sample model and the top values R1 to R5 of the trainee production model are detected to detect the deviation of the values visually. .
In this way, the form of the carving model can be evaluated and guided qualitatively and / or quantitatively by comparing the feature points.
This evaluation method is not limited to the evaluation of the carving model form, but can be similarly applied to the wax-up tooth form, the abutment forming tooth form, the cavity forming tooth form, the denture array jaw form, the fixing clasp form such as a denture. The

FIG. 21 shows an embodiment of the present invention, which is a two-dimensional connection between the model carving model and the three-dimensional measurement data of the carving model produced by the trainee, and then connecting the top value of the Z coordinate in the model form. It is the figure which cut out on the plane and compared the form of the dental product used as the comparison object in the plane.
FIG. 21 (a) is a view of the T4-T5-T1 direction and the T3-T2 direction (far-near direction 23) of FIG. 20 (c) as seen on the ZY plane. A part 23 of the contour of the sample model data and a part 23a of the contour of the trainee-produced model are shown on the same screen.
FIG. 21 (b) is a view of the T1-T2 direction (buccal tongue direction 24) of FIG. 20 (c) as seen on the XY plane.

A part 24 of the outline of the sample model data and a part of the outline of the trainee-produced model 24a are shown on the same screen.
Figures 21 (a) and 21 (b) are diagrams in which a part of the contour of the sample model data and a part of the contour of the trainee-produced model of the same part are superimposed on the monitor, etc. By comparing, the overall morphological difference can be visually confirmed.
In this way, the form of the carving model can be evaluated and guided qualitatively and / or quantitatively by comparing the feature points.
This evaluation method is not limited to the evaluation of the carving model form, but can be similarly applied to the wax-up tooth form, the abutment forming tooth form, the cavity forming tooth form, the denture array jaw form, the fixing clasp form such as a denture. The

The present invention superimposes the three-dimensional data of the sample model and the virtual screen of the three-dimensional production model of the trainer-produced model, displays a part of which is coordinately cut out and displayed, and displays the difference in image. In Although,
As shown in FIG. 22, it is possible to adopt a configuration in which the operator continuously finds the evaluator's evaluation site by continuously moving the cut strip-like site using one axis as a reference axis.
That is, the contour fragment shown in FIG. 19B is moved on the monitor screen 126c shown in FIG. 18 in synchronization with the operation of the operator's keyboard and mouse.
FIG. 22 shows a part of the contour cut along the ZY plane. The solid line 13a is the trainee-created model contour data, and the dotted line 14a is the contour data of the sample model.
First, as shown in FIG. 22 (a), the value of the x-axis indicates the contour in the case of the value at the farthest position on the monitor.
Next, when one key of the keyboard 126b shown in FIG. 18 is pressed or the left click of the mouse 126a is pressed, the X-axis value is moved forward by a predetermined interval as shown in FIG. 22 (b). The contour of the ZY plane when the value is reached is displayed.

If one key is pressed or the left click of the mouse is pressed, the coordinates of the X axis are added in the same way, and the contour of the ZY plane is displayed. When this is repeated, FIG. 22 (c) → (d) → ( e) and move,
This movement moves quickly when the key is held down, and from the optical illusion, it appears that the three-dimensional model is scanned.
By such a scan, the difference between the model data of the apprentice and the sample model data, and when the evaluator releases the hand that presses the key at the site of interest, the screen position stops, and from Fig. 22 (a) Display one of (e).

FIG. 23 shows a part of the contour cut along the ZX plane. The solid line 13b is the trainee-created model contour data, and the dotted line 14a is the contour data of the sample model.
FIG. 23 shows a state in which the y-axis value is moved forward from the farthest portion by keyboard and mouse operations.
The evaluator can easily detect the difference between the sample data on the screen and the details of the trainee-produced model by observing the whole and parts by operating the keyboard and mouse.

  With the three-dimensional measurement evaluation apparatus for dental products and its evaluation instruction method according to the present invention, the work contents that have been evaluated and instructed by visual observations by experts so far, simply, at high speed, objectively and reproducibly. Can be evaluated and taught with appropriateness. Since the present invention displays the three-dimensional form of a dental product qualitatively and / or quantitatively, it is possible to more specifically evaluate and instruct even in education and training for a large number of people. In addition, self-training for improving dental clinical techniques can be performed by modifying dental products after evaluation guidance according to the guidelines, and measuring and evaluating again. As described above, the present invention can be industrially used in the field of dentistry for improving various treatment techniques and improving production techniques for dental prostheses and the like.

It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the Example of this invention which arranged the three-dimensional measurement data of the carving model used as a model, and the carving model which the practitioner produced, and compared from the upper direction. After calculating the center point of the practitioner's carving model, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in which the carving model as a model and its two-dimensional cross-sectional area are adjusted to the closest size and the respective data are superimposed. FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the Example which compares the three-dimensional position of the cusp tip of a carving model. It is a figure for demonstrating the Example which compares the three-dimensional position of the corner part of a carving model. It is a figure for demonstrating the Example which compares the three-dimensional position of the fovea of a carving model. It is a figure for demonstrating the Example which compares the three-dimensional position of the largest ridge part of a carving model. It is a figure for demonstrating the Example in the case of overlapping and comparing the wax-up tooth form used as a model, and the wax-up tooth form which the practitioner produced. It is a figure for demonstrating the Example which piled up the abutment tooth form used as a model, and the abutment tooth form which the practitioner formed, and compared from the side. It is a figure for demonstrating the Example which compares the three-dimensional position of the margin of an abutment formation tooth. It is a figure for demonstrating the Example which compares the angle of the shaft surface of an abutment formation tooth three-dimensionally. It is a figure for demonstrating the Example which compares the form of the edge of an abutment formation tooth | gear, and a corner angle three-dimensionally. It is a figure for demonstrating the Example which overlapped the cavity forming tooth form used as a model, and the cavity forming tooth form which the practitioner formed, and compared from the side. It is a figure for demonstrating the Example which compares the three-dimensional position of the margin of a cavity forming tooth. It is a figure for demonstrating the Example which compares three-dimensionally the angle of the axial surface of a cavity forming tooth, and the form of an open edge inclination. Overlaying the 3D data of the denture array jaw as a model and the 3D data of the denture array jaw made by the practitioner, comparing them from diagonally above, comparing the height of each denture row in 3D It is a figure for demonstrating the Example which compares the inclination angle three-dimensionally. The 3D data of the clasp for fixation such as a denture used as a model and the 3D data of the clasp produced by the practitioner are superimposed, and the comparison between the figure and the area between the clasp and the tooth in contact with the 3D It is a figure for demonstrating the Example which compares the difference. The figure for demonstrating the Example which shows an example of the model shape measurement part in the Example of this invention. The figure which shows an example of the system in the Example of this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the Example which arranged the three-dimensional measurement data of the carving model used as a model, and the carving model which the practitioner produced, and cut out in strip shape in the X-axis direction. To describe an example in which three-dimensional measurement data of a carving model as a model and a carving model produced by a practitioner are arranged, and the position of the top and bottom values of the Z value of the unevenness data of each data is shown from the top FIG. The three-dimensional measurement data of the carving model that is the model and the carving model that the practitioner has produced are arranged, cut out on a two-dimensional plane that connects the top values of the Z value of the model, and the dental product to be compared on that plane It is a figure for demonstrating the Example which compared these forms. The figure for demonstrating the Example of this invention. The figure for demonstrating the Example of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

11 Carving model model 12 Training carving model L1 Largest ridge part of carving model model L2 Maximum ridge part of training carving model O Center point

Claims (15)

  A device that measures dental products three-dimensionally, and a method in which the measurement data is modified according to the purpose, compared and evaluated three-dimensionally, and guided by objective quantities. Qualitatively and / or quantitatively by measuring the dental product to be compared three-dimensionally, correcting the three-dimensional data according to the purpose, and comparing it with the model form stored in the database. The measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the correction amount is instructed by evaluating and presenting an objective quantity, and the comparative evaluation instruction method for the data.
Qualitatively and / or quantitatively, the dental product is a carving model, and the carving form to be compared is measured three-dimensionally and then enlarged or reduced to the three-dimensional form closest to the model shape and superimposed. The measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the correction amount is instructed by evaluating and presenting an objective quantity, and the comparative evaluation instruction method for the data.
After the dental product is a wax-up tooth and the wax-up tooth form to be compared is measured three-dimensionally, the margin part data of the model tooth form and the margin part data of the comparison object are three-dimensionally superimposed, The measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the correction amount is instructed by qualitatively and / or quantitatively evaluating and presenting an objective quantity.
After the dental product is an abutment forming tooth and the abutment forming tooth form to be compared is measured three-dimensionally, the reference position data set in the model tooth form and the reference position data of the comparison object form are three-dimensionally measured. The measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the correction amount is instructed by superimposing the data, qualitatively and / or quantitatively evaluating, and presenting an objective quantity.
The dental product is a cavity-forming tooth, and the cavity formation form to be compared is measured three-dimensionally, and then the reference position data set in the model tooth form and the reference position data of the comparison object form are overlaid three-dimensionally. In addition, the measuring apparatus according to claim 1 and the comparative evaluation instruction method for the data thereof, wherein the correction amount is instructed by evaluating qualitatively and / or quantitatively and presenting an objective quantity.
The dental product is a denture array jaw model, and after the three-dimensional measurement of the denture array shape to be compared, the reference position data set for the model jaw model and the reference position data of the comparison jaw model are tertiary. The measuring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the correction amount is instructed by superimposing the original, qualitatively and / or quantitatively evaluating, and presenting an objective quantity, and the comparative evaluation instruction method of the data.
The dental product is a fixing clasp such as a denture, and the three-dimensional data contacting the tooth surface of the model form and the three-dimensional data contacting the tooth surface of the comparison form after measuring the clasp form to be compared in three dimensions. The measurement apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the correction amount is instructed by superimposing at a position that is closest to each other, qualitatively and / or quantitatively evaluating, and presenting an objective quantity. Teaching method. A measuring device that obtains three-dimensional shape data of a model while bringing the tip of the contact probe into contact with the model surface created by the examinee, the three-dimensional shape data, and three-dimensional shape data corresponding to a correct answer. Having a processing device that can be compared;
The measurement apparatus is a dental technology evaluation system that measures the shape of the model from the largest ridge to the top and the margin line of the abutment tooth model, compares the data, and evaluates the data. In a method of performing three-dimensional comparison evaluation on a computer screen based on measurement data obtained by measuring a dental product three-dimensionally, and the measurement data based on sample data,
Performing three-dimensional display of measurement data and sample data on the computer screen with X, Y and Z coordinates;
Forming and displaying three-dimensional data obtained by superimposing the measurement data and sample data on the X, Y, and Z axes based on a predetermined standard;
An image display system for teaching and evaluating dental technology comprising the step of displaying the superimposed three-dimensional data on a monitor as data cut at an arbitrary coordinate plane.   The image display system for dental technique evaluation instruction according to claim 10, further comprising a step of moving a coordinate plane on the monitor in accordance with an operation of a computer interface.   Indicates that the interface is one or the minimum of buttons, trackballs, and keys, and the operation start / stop operation is performed. The position of the cutting data on the screen can be freely controlled by simple operation of the interface. The image display system for teaching and evaluating dental technology according to claim 10, wherein the image display system is operated and displayed.   The dental technique according to claim 10, wherein the display on the computer screen of the contour data obtained by cutting along the coordinate plane in the superimposed three-dimensional data is a band-shaped portion corresponding to the occlusal surface in the contour data. Image display system for evaluation guidance.   By operating the computer interface, the position of the top value and the bottom value between the two data displayed on the computer screen of the contour data obtained by cutting on the coordinate plane in the superimposed three-dimensional data can be qualitatively and The image display system for dental technology evaluation instruction according to claim 10, comprising a step of displaying as / or a quantitative numerical value.   After superimposing the three-dimensional data of the dental product to be compared with the three-dimensional data of the model form, it is cut out by a two-dimensional plane that connects the top values of the Z values of the model form, and is compared in that plane 3. A comparative evaluation of the measuring apparatus and its data according to claim 2, wherein the form of the dental product to be evaluated is qualitatively and / or quantitatively evaluated, and the correction amount is instructed by presenting an objective quantity. Teaching method.

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