JP2006170063A - Savonius-type windmill - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a lightweight savonius-type windmill having high strength without increasing in weight even when the surface area is increased which can be rotated easily even with a small wind pressure. <P>SOLUTION: The savonius-type windmill 1 includes a pair of blade bodies W1, W2 having substantially arc-shaped cross sections, end plates 11, 12 fixed to both upper and lower ends of the the pair of blade bodies W1 and W2, and rotary shafts 7, 7 fixed to the end plates 11, 12. The pair of blade bodies W1 and W2 comprises: a pair of surface plates 20a and 20b which are parallel to each other having substantially arc-shaped cross sections; a honeycomb core material 17 having a certain thickness, adhered between the surface plates 20a and 20b; and a honeycomb sandwich panel. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a lightweight and high-strength Savonius type windmill that is applied to wind power generation and the like.

  Savonius-type wind turbines are used for power generation, etc. by arranging two or three or more rotor blades having an arcuate cross section symmetrically with respect to the rotation axis and rotating by wind pressure from the radial direction, etc. . In general, the plurality of rotor blades are formed by bending a metal plate (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP-A-9-250444 (pages 1-5, FIG. 1)

In addition, a method of forming a rotor blade by cutting a thick metal plate into an airfoil shape with a circular arc cross section or casting into a cavity having such a cross sectional shape has been studied.
However, the rotating blade formed by bending a metal plate or the rotating blade formed by cutting or casting has a problem that it becomes difficult to rotate with a small wind pressure because the weight increases as the surface area increases. there were.

  The present invention solves the problems in the background art described above, and provides a lightweight and high-strength Savonius-type windmill that can be easily rotated even with a small wind pressure without being excessively heavy even when the surface area is increased. Let it be an issue.

Means for Solving the Problems and Effects of the Invention

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention has been conceived in that the rotor blade is formed by a sandwich panel composed of a pair of surface plates and a core member joined between them.
That is, the Savonius type wind turbine of the present invention (Claim 1) is characterized in that the wing body is formed of a honeycomb sandwich panel.
The Savonius type wind turbine according to the present invention (Claim 2) includes a plurality of wing bodies having a substantially arc-shaped cross section, an end plate fixed to one or both ends of the plurality of wing bodies, and a plurality of wing bodies. A plurality of blades, and a plurality of blades parallel to each other and having a substantially arcuate cross-section, and a fixed joint joined therebetween And a honeycomb sandwich panel having a thickness of a core material.

  According to these, since the plurality of blade bodies are formed of the honeycomb sandwich panel, the rotating body including these and the end plate can be reduced in weight. Moreover, since the thickness of the core material is constant, the manufacture is also easy. Therefore, even if the surface area of the wing body increases, the weight does not become excessive, and it can be rotated easily even with a small wind pressure. Therefore, wind power generation can be effectively performed, and durability is excellent and installation cost can be easily recovered. It can be. For example, a conventional wing body has a radius of about 500 mm × an axial length of about 700 mm, but according to the present invention, a wing body with a radius of 1000 to 1800 mm × an axial length of 1300 to 2500 mm can be used. It is.

  Note that the substantially arc-shaped cross section of the wing body includes forms such as a substantially semicircular cross section, a substantially arcuate cross section, and a cross-sectional shape. Further, the plurality of wing bodies include a form in which a pair (two sheets) are arranged in a counterpoint manner, and a form in which three or more wing bodies are similarly arranged, and the plurality of wing bodies have an axial direction with respect to the ground. In addition to the vertical arrangement, a configuration in which the axial direction is parallel to the ground is also included. Further, the pair of surface plates used for the honeycomb sandwich panel is an aluminum alloy plate, a steel plate, a stainless steel plate, or a titanium alloy plate. In the case of the aluminum alloy plate, a clad material in which a brazing material layer having a relatively low melting point is coated on both sides or one side of a substrate having a relatively high melting point may be used, and brazed with a honeycomb core material made of the same clad material. May be joined. In addition, the core material may be a honeycomb core material formed of a hexagonal cylindrical cell group in addition to a cylindrical unit cell group obtained by curling a thin plate to be described later. The bonding between the honeycomb core material and the surface plate can be performed not only by a brazing method but also by an adhesive method using an adhesive.

The present invention also includes a Savonius type windmill (Claim 3) in which the end plate is a sandwich panel.
According to this, since the end plate is formed of the same sandwich panel as the plurality of rotor blades, the rotating body of the Savonius type windmill can be further reduced in weight.

Furthermore, the present invention includes a Savonius type windmill (Claim 4) in which the core member is formed of a thin plate made of a cylindrical aluminum alloy and has a large number of unit cells that can be reduced in diameter. It is.
According to this, the said core material has many unit cells which exhibit many cylindrical shapes which have a column-shaped hollow part inside along a plane direction, and each unit cell can be diameter-reduced. Therefore, a plurality of wing bodies that are joined between a pair of surface plates and bent into a substantially arc shape in cross section can be made lightweight and high in strength.
In addition to the unit cells, the core material of the present invention includes, for example, an aluminum foil or paper form having a hexagonal cylinder continuously along the plane direction.

Further, according to the present invention, a Savonius type windmill in which a large number of dimples are formed along the plane direction on the outer surface of the concave plate that receives wind pressure among the pair of surface plates in the wing body. ) Is also included.
According to this, among the surface plates of the blade body, the concave plate that receives wind pressure increases the contact (friction) area with the wind due to the dimples, so that the rotor blade can be easily rotated even with a slight wind pressure. It becomes possible. For this reason, it becomes possible to perform wind power generation etc. more effectively.

Furthermore, in the present invention, the dimples formed on the surface plate of the wing body are formed by pressing the surface plate softened by heating with an elastic member when forming a honeycomb sandwich panel by a brazing method. A Savonius type wind turbine (Claim 6) formed by deforming inside the cell is also included.
According to this, since the dimples can be simultaneously formed on the outer surface of at least one surface body at the same time as the pair of surface plates and the core material are brazed, a low-cost and excellent wind-receiving body can be obtained. Is possible.
The present invention also includes a Savonius-type windmill (Claim 7) in which the end plate has a shape in which a pair of substantially semicircular portions are connected in a point-symmetric manner.
According to this, since the end plate can be formed with a minimum area, it is possible to further reduce the weight of the rotating body including the end plate and the wing body.

In addition, in the present invention, the rotating body composed of the plurality of wing bodies and the end plate includes a pair of upper and lower plates having a disk shape, a plurality of rod-like columns disposed therebetween, In addition, the end plate can be rotated by a bearing provided at the center of the upper and lower plates, and disposed inside the casing formed of a ring connected between adjacent columns between the upper and lower plates. A supported Savonius-type windmill (Claim 8) is also included.
According to this, since the rotating body composed of the wing body and the end plate is rotatably supported inside the casing, safety around the Savonius type windmill can be ensured.
The Savonius-type windmill of the present invention uses the output of the rotating shaft for power generation, takes out energy by an appropriate method, such as using it as a power source for stirring blades such as air or liquid, or as a friction source. Is possible.

In the following, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described.
FIG. 1 is a front view showing a Savonius-type windmill 1 of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a horizontal sectional view taken along the line XX in FIG.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the Savonius type windmill 1 includes a substantially cylindrical casing 2 and a rotating body 10 that is rotatably supported inside the casing 2.
As shown in the figure, the casing 2 includes a pair of opposed disc-shaped upper and lower plates 3, 4, and six rod-shaped support columns 5 erected along the outer peripheral edge between the upper and lower plates 3, 4. , And a ring 6 that is horizontally fixed between the support columns 5 and 5, and is a housing that can be ventilated in the horizontal direction. As shown in FIG. 1, the casing 2 is erected vertically by fixing a lower lower plate 4 on a gantry 8 installed on the ground surface. A generator 9 is built in the gantry 8.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the rotating body 10 includes upper and lower end plates 11 individually connected to a pair of upper and lower rotating shafts 7 and 7 pivotally supported on the upper and lower plates 3 and 4 of the casing 2. , 12 and a pair (a plurality) of wing bodies W1, W2 having upper and lower ends fixed between them. 3 is a perspective view of the rotating body 10, and FIG. 4 is an exploded perspective view thereof.
As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the upper and lower end plates 11, 12 are provided with a pair of semicircular portions 14, 14 that are substantially semicircular and are located symmetrically about the shaft fixing portion 16 in plan view. Each semicircular portion 14 has a straight portion 15. As will be described later, the upper and lower end plates 11 and 12 are formed of a honeycomb sandwich panel including a pair of surface plates and a honeycomb core material (core material) having a certain thickness bonded therebetween. .
As shown in FIG. 3, the shaft fixing portion 16 is inserted and fixed with the large-diameter portion 7 a of the rotating shaft 7, and the lower rotating shaft 7 is connected to the generator 9. Yes.

As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the wing bodies W1 and W2 are arranged point-symmetrically with respect to the virtual rotation axis (rotation axis) c and have a substantially semicircular cross section (arc shape). The upper and lower end plates 11 and 12 are fixed. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4, a passage s through which wind blows is interposed between the wing bodies W1 and W2.
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the wing bodies W1 and W2 are formed of a sandwich panel including a pair of surface plates 20a and 20b and a honeycomb core material (core material) 17 bonded therebetween. Of the pair of surface plates 20a and 20b, dimples 23 formed of a large number of recesses that are continuous in the plane direction are formed on the entire surface of the concave plate 20a that receives wind pressure. 3 and 4, a part of the dimples 23 is illustrated as an example.

Wings W1 and W2 are formed as follows.
First, as shown in FIG. 5, a plurality of unit cells 17 a having a thickness of about 0.1 mm and having a cylindrical shape are interposed between a pair of flat surface plates 20 a and 20 b made of a 1 mm thick aluminum alloy clad plate, and The honeycomb core material 17 having a certain thickness is laid out so that the hollow portions of the cells 17a are along the thickness direction, and the aluminum alloy edge material 24 is disposed on the four sides to form a flat sandwich panel p1. .
As shown in the upper part of FIG. 5, the honeycomb core material 17 is made of a clad material in which a brazing material is clad on both surfaces of an aluminum alloy thin plate material, or a thin plate or aluminum foil made of a thin plate material not clad with a brazing material. It is composed of a large number of unit cells 17a that are curled (wrapped) into a cylindrical shape having a height of 8 mm and a diameter of 30 mm and can be reduced in diameter at the overlapping portion k between the ends. Each unit cell 17a has at least one through hole 17b communicating with the inside and outside.

Next, as shown in FIG. 6, after the sandwich panel p <b> 1 is placed on the surface of the mold 25 having a substantially semicircular cross-section, the surface plate 20 a is brought into contact therewith, and then a plurality of holding jigs (not shown) are used to The front plate 20 b is pressed toward the center of the mold 25.
As a result, as shown in FIG. 6, the sandwich panel p <b> 1 is formed into a sandwich panel p <b> 2 having a substantially semicircular cross section (arc shape) following the surface shape of the mold 25. At this time, in each unit cell 17a in the honeycomb core material 17, a portion adjacent to the surface plate 20a near the forming die 25 is reduced in diameter in the radial direction.
Thus, the sandwich panel p2 is assembled.

In such a state, the sandwich panel p2 is heated to a brazing temperature (about 605 ° C. in this example) and held for a predetermined time to be brazed. As shown in FIG. 7 which is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the one-dot chain line portion Y in FIG. 6, the surface plates 20a and 20b are, for example, a substrate 21 made of JIS: A3003 (melting point: about 647 ° C.) It is a clad material comprising a brazing material layer 22 made of clad JIS: A4045 (melting point: about 600 ° C.). That is, as illustrated in the partial view of the one-dot chain line portion V in FIG. 7, the brazing material layer 22 may be clad only on the inner surface side of the surface plate 20b.
Each unit cell 17a is also a clad material comprising the same substrate 18 as above and the same brazing material layer 19 clad on both surfaces thereof.

Therefore, as shown in the enlarged sectional view of FIG. 7, the surface plates 20a and 20b and the unit cells 17a forming the honeycomb core material 17 are brazed to each other by the brazing material layer 22 and the brazing material layer 19, respectively. Therefore, the honeycomb core material 17 can be integrally joined between the surface plates 20a and 20b. As a result, the wing bodies W1 and W2 having a substantially semicircular (circular arc) cross section can be obtained.
In this case, when a large number of unit cells 17 a having the brazing material layer 19 on the surface are used as the honeycomb core material 17, the unit cells 17 a are reliably brazed through the brazing material layers 19. Since the unit cell 17a itself is surely formed in a cylindrical shape, the strength of the honeycomb core material 17 is also enhanced. The surface plate 20a, 20b and the unit cell 17a are not formed with the material clad on the surface of the brazing material layer, and a paste-like brazing material layer is applied to at least one surface and assembled in the same manner as described above. It is also possible to attach.

FIG. 8 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the lower part of the casing 2 along the line AA in FIG. 1 and the outline of the rotating body 10 along the line BB in FIG. is there.
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the upper and lower end plates 11 and 12 have a shape in which a pair of semicircular portions 14 are connected point-symmetrically in a plan view. However, as shown in FIG. It consists of a honeycomb sandwich panel in which a pair of surface plates 20 and 20 and unit cells 17a forming a honeycomb core material (core material) 17 between them are brazed.
As shown in FIG. 8, the upper and lower ends and the upper and lower end plates 11 and 12 of the wing body W1 (W2) are connected to the former surface plates 20a and 20b and the latter surface plates 20 and 20, respectively. Joining is performed by applying welding w or MIG welding w. As a result, the rotating body 10 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 is obtained.

In the wing body W1 (W2) in FIG. 8, the dimples 23 are formed on the entire surface of the concave surface plate 20a, and are not formed on the convex surface plate 20b. In addition, the large-diameter portion 7a of the rotating shaft 7 is inserted and fixed to the shaft fixing portion 16 provided at the center of the upper and lower end plates 11 and 12. The total thickness of the honeycomb sandwich panel forming the wing body W1 (W2) and the upper and lower end plates 11 and 12 is 10 mm, the height of the honeycomb core material 17 is 8 mm, and the thicknesses of the surface plates 20a and 20b are respectively 1 mm.
As illustrated by the lower plate 4 located on the lower side of FIG. 8, the upper and lower plates 3 and 4 of the casing 2 are also a pair of flat surface plates 20 and 20 and a number of units brazed between them. It is formed of a honeycomb sandwich panel composed of a honeycomb core material (core material) 17 composed of cells 17a. In the casing 2, the upper and lower plates 3 and 4 have a thickness of 35.0 mm, the honeycomb core material 17 has a height of 31.8 mm, and the surface plate 20 has a thickness of 1.6 mm.

As shown in FIG. 8, a bearing hole 26 is formed through the center portion of the lower plate 4, and a rotating shaft 7 depending from the end plate 12 of the rotating body 10 is formed in the center portion of the bearing hole 26. It penetrates vertically and is connected to the generator 9 at its lower end. Inside the bearing hole 26, a bearing portion 28 shown in a schematic view is formed and supported by the rotating shaft 7. The bearing portion 28 is formed by a cylindrical body 27 fixed to the bearing hole 26, a cylindrical body 7b fixed to the rotating shaft 7 side, and a bearing portion 28a.
A bearing hole 26 is also formed in the central portion of the upper plate 3, and is formed of a cylindrical body 27 fixed inside thereof, a large diameter portion 7b of the upper rotary shaft 7, and a bearing portion 28. A similar bearing 28 is interposed.

  For this reason, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the rotating body 10 including the pair of wing bodies W 1 and W 2 and the upper and lower end plates 11 and 12 rotates on the upper and lower plates 3 and 4 of the casing 2. The shaft 7 and the bearing 28 are rotatably supported. Accordingly, as indicated by the arrows in FIG. 2, the wing bodies W1 and W2 can rotate freely in the horizontal direction and receive a lower rotation when receiving wind pressure on the surface plate 20a which is a concave plate. The generator 9 can be operated via the shaft 7 to generate the required power generation.

9 to 11 show steps for forming the dimples 23 on the surface plates 20a of the wing bodies W1 and W2 during the brazing.
As shown in FIG. 9, a flat honeycomb sandwich panel p1 including a pair of surface plates 20a and 20b and a honeycomb core material 17 composed of a large number of unit cells 17a laid between them is prepared. It is fixed on the receiving plate 31 with the front plate 20a facing upward. In this state, the elastic member 30 is placed on the surface plate 20a. The elastic member 30 is made of a heat-resistant elastic material having a required thickness, such as a graphite fiber board. An upper plate 32 is placed on the elastic member 30.
Although not shown in FIGS. 9 to 11 in order to explain the principle of forming the dimple 23, the receiving plate 31 and the upper plate 32 have a predetermined arc shape like the mold 25 shown in FIG. Is formed.

Next, as shown by an arrow in FIG. 10, the elastic member 30 is pressed P toward the honeycomb sandwich panel p1 through the upper plate 32. In this state, it is inserted into a brazing furnace (not shown), and brazing is performed by raising the temperature to a brazing temperature: 605 ° C. At this time, the surface plate 20a is heated to the brazing temperature and softened, and the elastic member 30 is interposed between the surface plate 20a and the upper plate 32. Therefore, the surface plate 20a is exposed in the hollow portion of each unit cell 17a. Part of the face plate 20a enters.
Therefore, when the brazing is completed and cooled, as shown in FIG. 11, the lower surface of the elastic member 30 enters the hollow portion (inner side) of each of the unit cells 17a together with the surface plate 20a. Deformation while forming a large number of shallow convex surfaces. As a result, a large number of shallow concave surfaces are formed in the surface plate 20a for each hollow portion of each unit cell 17a, so that the dimple 23 can be formed. For this reason, the surface plate 20a, which is a concave plate in the wing bodies W1 and W2, can expand the contact area with the blowing wind by the dimple 23, so that the rotating body 10 can be rotated even with a small air volume. .

The present invention is not limited to the embodiment as described above.
Various studies have been made on the shape of the wing body, but the Savonius-type windmill according to the present invention is, for example, in the vicinity of the rotation center c between the circular upper and lower end plates 41 and 42 as shown in FIGS. A pair of wing bodies W3 and W4 having an abbreviated cross-section having a flat surface 44 and a curved surface 46 curved outside may be used as the rotating body 40 arranged point-symmetrically. Or it can also be set as the Savonius type windmill which is the spiral shape in which each wing body forms a curved surface in three dimensions.
Further, three or more of the wing bodies may be arranged with point symmetry. In this case, as the number of sheets increases, the radius of each wing body is increased and the concave plate is made shallower.
Further, the upper and lower end plates 11 and 12 may be circular plates that can cover the end faces of the wing bodies W1 and W2.

Further, for the wing bodies W1, W2 and the upper and lower end plates 11, 12, etc., a honeycomb core material made of paper or aluminum foil in which a large number of hexagonal columnar unit cells are arranged may be used.
Further, the honeycomb sandwich panel used for the wing bodies W1, W2, etc. may be joined by bonding the surface plate and the honeycomb core material in addition to the brazing as in the above-described embodiment.
Moreover, it is good also as a rotary body which fixed the edge part board 12 grade | etc., Only to one end (lower end) of wing | blade bodies W1, W2.
Furthermore, the rotating shaft may have a single long shape that penetrates between the upper and lower end plates of the rotating body.
It is also possible to fix the pair of end plates to the left and right by making the axial direction of the wing bodies W1, W2, etc. horizontal.

The front view which shows one form of the Savonius type | mold windmill of this invention. The horizontal sectional view in alignment with the arrow of the XX in FIG. The perspective view which shows the rotary body of the said Savonius type | mold windmill. The disassembled perspective view which shows the said rotary body. Schematic which shows the manufacturing process for obtaining a wing | blade body. Schematic which shows the manufacturing process following FIG. The expanded sectional view of the dashed-dotted line part Y in FIG. FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 1 and the line BB in FIG. 2. Schematic which shows the process of forming a dimple in the surface board of a wing | blade body. Schematic which shows the process following FIG. Schematic which shows the wing | blade body in which the dimple was formed in the surface board. The side view which shows the rotary body of a different form. Sectional drawing along the arrow of the ZZ line in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1 ………………… Savonius type windmill 2 ………………… Case 3 ………………… Upper plate 4 ………………… Lower plate 5 ………………… Post 6 ………………… Ring 7 ………………… Rotating shaft 10, 40 ……… Rotating body 11, 41 ……… Upper end plate 12, 42 ……… Lower end plate 14 …………… ... Semicircular part 17 ……………… Honeycomb core material (core material)
17a ......... Unit cell 20a, 20b ... Surface plate 23 ......... Dimple 30 .................. Elastic member W1-W4 ......... Wing body

Claims (8)

The wing body was formed by a honeycomb sandwich panel,
Savonius type windmill characterized by that. A plurality of wing bodies having a substantially arc-shaped cross section;
End plates fixed to one or both ends of the plurality of wing bodies;
A rotating shaft fixed to one or both end plates of the plurality of wing bodies,
The plurality of wing bodies are composed of a honeycomb sandwich panel including a pair of surface plates parallel to each other and having a substantially arc-shaped cross section, and a core material having a constant thickness joined between them.
Savonius type windmill characterized by that. The end plate comprises a sandwich panel;
The Savonius type windmill according to claim 2 characterized by things. The core material is formed by laying a large number of unit cells that are made of a thin plate of a cylindrical aluminum alloy and can be reduced in diameter.
The Savonius type windmill according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that. Of the pair of surface plates in the wing body, the outer surface of the concave plate that receives the wind pressure has a large number of dimples formed along the plane direction.
The Savonius type windmill according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein The dimples formed on the surface plate of the wing body are deformed to the inside of each unit cell material by pressing the surface plate softened by heating with an elastic member when forming a honeycomb sandwich panel by a brazing method. Formed by
The Savonius-type windmill according to claim 5. The end plate has a shape in which a pair of substantially semicircular portions are connected in a point-symmetric manner.
A Savonius-type windmill according to any one of claims 2 to 6, wherein The rotating body composed of the plurality of wing bodies and the end plate is formed between a pair of upper and lower plates having a disk shape, a plurality of rod-shaped columns disposed between them, and an intermediate between the upper and lower plates. In addition, the end plate is rotatably supported by a bearing provided in the center of the upper and lower plates while being arranged inside a casing formed of a ring connected between adjacent columns.
The Savonius type windmill according to any one of claims 2 to 7, wherein

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