JP2006167715A - Apparatus and method for granulating material - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve such a problem of an agitatedly granulating method that it takes a lot of time to form a granulated material since the granulated material, which is in the middle of growth and has not satisfactory strength, is crushed and it is difficult to make the size or shape of the granulated material uniform in a short time. <P>SOLUTION: This apparatus for granulating a material is provided with: a main body; a rotary drum which is supported by the main body, at one end of which an opening is formed and which has an almost cylindrical shape and is rotated around a rotary shaft; a rotary drum inclining means for changing the angle of inclination of the rotary drum upward from the horizontal position of the rotary shaft of the rotary drum; and an agitating means arranged in the rotary drum for agitating the material. An agitating part for agitating the material and a rolling part for rolling/granulating the material are arranged continuously in one and the same rotary drum. A material outflow preventing means is arranged for preventing the outflow of the material through the opening of the rotary drum when the material is rolled. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a granulating apparatus and method for obtaining a granulated material from a mass such as powder, viscous soil, dehydrated sludge and the like and a material such as water, a solution or a liquid such as a melt.

Conventionally, the material granulation method is a stirring method in which a stationary drum is provided with a stirring blade as in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-140820 proposed by the applicant, and the material in the drum is mixed and pulverized to perform granulation. There is a granulation method. As another method, various methods such as a rolling granulation method in which a material is put in a rotating drum and the material is rolled (rolled) in the drum are used. Yes.
JP 2000-140820 A

In the stirring granulation method, the stirring blade provided in the fixed drum is moved to pulverize the material, and it is divided into small chunks to form a granulated product. This method is suitable in terms of uniformly mixing the materials with the stirring blade, but the granulated product is not sufficiently strong during the formation of the granulated product. It took a long time to form the material, and it was difficult to keep the size and shape of the granulated material constant in a short time.
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to obtain a granulated product in which the material is uniformly mixed sufficiently and the size and shape of the granulated product are adjusted to be uniform when the material is granulated.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention has a main body, a substantially cylindrical shape supported by the main body and having one end opened, a rotating drum that rotates about a rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft of the rotating drum from the horizontal. And a stirring means for stirring the material provided in the rotating drum, and the rotating drum rolls the material and granulates the stirring portion. A material granulating apparatus comprising a material outflow prevention means for continuously providing a rolling site on the same drum and preventing the material from flowing out from an opening of the rotating drum when rolling the material.
In addition, the stirring process in which the rotating drum is tilted so that the stirring part of the rotating drum is below the rolling part and the material is stirred, and the tilting angle of the rotating drum is made smaller than that in the stirring process to rotate the material. A granulation step of granulating the material, and a granulation step of adjusting the size of the granulated product by increasing the tilt angle of the rotating drum more than the granulation step Is the method.

According to the above-mentioned configuration, the material is sufficiently agitated by providing the agitating part and the rolling cylinder part on one rotating drum so that the material is not biased, and the granulation is uniform in size and shape by the rolling action. An object can be obtained easily and with a simple configuration using a single rotating drum.
Moreover, according to the above-mentioned method, it is easy to obtain a granulated product of uniform size by adjusting the size of the granulated tsunami granulated in the agitation step and the granulation step in the sizing step using a stirring means. Can be obtained.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a side view of the granulating apparatus of the present invention, and FIGS. 2, 3, and 4 show partial sectional views of the granulating apparatus of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a view taken along the line XX in FIG. In FIG. 1, a pedestal 14 and a frame 16 which are main bodies are provided. The substantially cylindrical rotating drum 1 is provided on a frame 16 so as to be rotatable about a rotating shaft using a rotating drum motor 17 as a power source.
The frame 16 is rotatably supported by the pedestal 14, and a cylinder 13 is provided as a tilting cylinder means between the pedestal 14 and the frame 16, and the tilt of the rotary drum 1 provided on the frame 16 is expanded and contracted. Has been made so that it can be changed. As shown in FIG. 1, in FIG. 1A, the cylinder 13 is in a contracted state, and the rotating shaft of the rotating drum 1 is inclined by an angle A from the horizontal.
In FIG. 1B, the cylinder 13 is in an extended state, and the rotary drum 1 is horizontal and has an angle B = 0 °. The inclination angle of the rotary drum 1 can be freely adjusted by the expansion / contraction length of the cylinder 13.

2, 3, and 4, one end side of the rotary drum 1 is provided with an opening 2 for feeding material into the drum and discharging the granulated material. A rear wall 3 for closing the rotary drum 1 is provided on the other end side opposite to the opening 2 so that a material fed rearward can be stored rearward.
Agitating means 7 for mixing, crushing, and sizing the material is provided at the rear in the rotary drum 1, and a rotary shaft 8 that is rotatably provided through the rear wall 3 is provided. 8, a plate-shaped stirring blade 9 having a crushing blade is attached in a plurality of stages.
The rotating drum 1 has a stirring portion 4 where the material is mixed and crushed by the rotation of the stirring means 7, and the material rolls (rolls the material) by the rotation of the rotating drum 1 outside the rotation range of the stirring means 7. Thus, a rolling part 5 for forming a granulated material and performing granulation is provided.
Further, as shown in FIG. 3, on the opening side of the rotating drum 1, the material is inclined at an angle C as an outflow prevention means and converged toward the opening 2, and the diameter of the rotating drum 1 is gradually reduced. Even when the rotary drum is in a substantially horizontal state, the material is prevented from flowing out from the opening 2 and the material is sufficiently rolled at the rolling site 5.

As shown in FIG. 5, the frame 16 of the main body is provided with a rotary drum motor 17 and a stirring means motor 10.
The rotation of the motor 17 for the rotating drum is transmitted to the sprocket 19 connected to the rotating drum 1 through the chain 18 to rotate the rotating drum 1.
The rotation of the stirring means motor 10 is transmitted to the sprocket 12 connected to the rotating shaft 8 of the stirring means 7 through the chain 11 to rotate the stirring means 7. These rotation transmission means are not limited to chains, and other rotation transmission means such as a gear structure may be used.
Further, a scraper 27 is provided in the rotary drum 1 along a surface without the rotary drum 1, and the scraper 27 is fixed to a shaft 28 supported by the frame 16 and is arranged without being synchronized with the rotation of the rotary drum 1. The material that is provided and remains on the inner surface of the rotary drum 1 is scraped off.

Next, the process of making a granulated product using this apparatus will be described step by step with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 6 is a state diagram showing the state in the rotating drum in each step. As shown in FIG. 6 (a), in the stirring step, which is the first stage in which the material is put into the rotating drum and mixed, the cylinder 13 serving as the tilting cylinder means is shrunk so that the rotating drum 1 is inclined. Is done. At this time, the optimum angle of inclination angle A of the rotating drum 1 shown in FIG. 1 (a) varies depending on physical properties such as the type of material, water content, specific gravity, etc., but is good between 15 and 50 °. Stirring can be performed. The tilt of the rotating drum at this time is tilted with the rear wall 3 side downward, that is, the stirring portion 4 side downward, so that the material in the rotating drum 1 is the stirring portion 4 of the rotating drum 1 provided with the stirring means 7. Collected on the side.
Therefore, the materials can be sufficiently stirred, mixed so that each material is evenly distributed without unevenness, and further, the material is subdivided with a stirring blade and pulverized to form a nucleus of the granulated product.
In this stirring step, both the rotating drum 1 and the stirring blade 9 can rotate the rotation speed at a high speed, and the rotation direction can be positively rotated (clockwise in FIG. 6A) to sufficiently stir the material. For example, it is suitable for subdividing highly viscous materials.

FIG. 6B is a diagram showing the granulation process which is the second process. In this granulation step, the cylinder 13 serving as the tilting cylinder means is extended so that the inclination of the rotary drum 1 is reduced or leveled.
As a result, the material collected on the stirring member 4 side of the rotating drum 1 is moved to the rolling part 1 side of the rotating drum 1.
The material collected in the rolling part 1 is rolled on the inner peripheral surface of the rotating drum 1 by the rotation of the rotating drum 1, the size is increased from the core of the granulated material, and the shape can be adjusted to a sphere. Done. In this granulation step, since the stirring by the stirring means 7 is difficult to act on the material, the granulated product in the generation process is not crushed and the granulated product can be generated without hindering the growth of the particles.

As shown in FIG. 1B, the tilt angle of the rotating drum 1 in the granulation step is desirably arranged at a horizontal or near horizontal position, and is performed between 0 and 15 °.
At this time, the rotating drum 1 and the stirring blade 9 are both rotated at a lower speed than that of the stirring step, and the rotating direction of the rotating drum 1 is set to the normal rotation (clockwise in FIG. 6B). 9 is the reverse rotation (counterclockwise in FIG. 6B).
This suppresses the stirring of the material by the stirring means and is optimal for rolling the material by the rotation of the rotary drum 1.
In this granulation step, the material is shaken if the rotation of the rotating drum 1 is repeated within a certain range by repeatedly increasing the inclination angle of the rotating drum 1 and then decreasing the rotation drum 1 within a certain range. Thus, the rolling operation can be applied more effectively and the material can be granulated in a short time.

Next, FIG.6 (c) shows the sizing process which is a 3rd process.
In this sizing process, the cylinder 13 as the tilting cylinder means is slightly contracted, and the tilt of the rotary drum 1 is arranged to be slightly larger than that in the granulation process.
By slightly tilting the rotating drum 1, the granulated product that has grown too much is moved to the stirring portion 4 of the rotating drum 1 among the granulated products that have been granulated in the granulating step, and pulverized by the stirring means 7. And adjusting to the desired grain size.

In the granulation process, if the granulation is performed well by rolling of the material, the growth of the grains is promoted. In the sizing process, the rotating drum 1 is slightly tilted and rotated to rotate the granulated product. Since the granulated product having large grains is easy to roll, the granulated product is moved downwardly. Due to the classification action of the granulated product, the granulated product having large grains is sent to the stirring portion 4 side of the rotary drum 1.
Therefore, only the granulation having large grains is sent to the stirring portion, and the size of the grains is adjusted by the stirring means. Thereby, the granulated material of a desired magnitude | size can be granulated rapidly.

In this sizing process, the inclination angle of the rotary drum 1 is arranged to be larger than that in the granulation process, and is preferably performed at an inclination angle of 5 to 20 °. At this time, both the rotating drum 1 and the stirring blade 9 are rotated in the forward direction (clockwise in FIG. 6C), and the rotating speed of the rotating drum 1 and the stirring blade 9 is set lower than that of the stirring step.
Thereby, it is possible to disintegrate the granulated product having a large particle size by stirring, to adjust the particle size of the granulated product, and to obtain a granulated product having a uniform grain size and shape. Can do.

In the above-described embodiment, the cylinder 13 is used as the tilting cylinder means. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the tilt of the rotary drum 1 such as a structure using gears or a structure using jacks is used. Anything that can be changed freely is acceptable.
In addition, although two stirring means 7 are provided on the rotating drum 1, the stirring means 7 may be provided with one or two or more stirring means 7 as long as the material can be sufficiently stirred in the stirring step.

FIG. 12 shows an embodiment in which the scraper 27 is not provided. When granulating a material with little adhesion to the rotating drum 1 having a low viscosity, a simple structure without the scraper 27 may be used.
Further, in the present invention, the rear wall 3 of the rotary drum 1 is not limited to the closed one as in the first embodiment, and an opening is also provided in the rear wall 3 of the rotary drum 1 as shown in FIG. Has the same effect. When opening the rear wall 3, it is suitable for granulating a material with high fluidity that does not require the inclination of the rotary drum 1 to be vertical or a large angle close to vertical. Thereby, the inclination means of the rotating drum 1 can be made small.

Next, another embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 7 shows an example in which the agitation means 7 is provided separately from the rotating drum and is inserted into the rotating drum 1 from the opening 2 of the rotating drum 1 as a second embodiment.
In the second embodiment, moving means for moving the stirring means 7 in the rotary drum 1 is provided, and the rotating shaft 8 provided with the stirring blades 9 is provided in the case 20 to rotate the stirring means motor 10. The force is transmitted to the rotating shaft 8 by a transmission mechanism (not shown) provided in the shaft 21 and the case 20, and the stirring blade 9 is rotated. One end of an arm 22 is joined to the shaft 21, and a cylinder 23 is provided at the other end of the arm 22 as a power source for moving means. When the cylinder 23 expands and contracts, the arm 22 is rotated and the shaft 21 is rotated.

FIG. 8 shows a view taken in the direction of arrows Y-Y in FIG. 7 and shows a state where the stirring means has moved.
In the stirring step of FIG. 8 (a), in order to sufficiently stir the material, the stirring means 7 is disposed at a position where the material 26 is distributed in the rotary drum 1, and in the granulating step of FIG. 8 (b). The cylinder 23 is extended so that the material is not stirred, the shaft 21 is rotated, and the stirring means 7 is rotated to a position where the material 26 is not distributed in the rotary drum 1.
As a result, the stirring portion 4 of the rotating drum 1 can be changed to the rolling portion 5, and the material can be rolled in a wider range in the granulation process, and the material can be used for rolling operation sufficiently, and can be shortened. A granulated product can be obtained in time. Further, the rotating drum 1 can be downsized.

Further, in the second embodiment, an embodiment is shown in which material outflow prevention means 6 for preventing outflow of material from the opening 2 in the granulation step is provided separately from the rotary drum 1.
As shown in FIG. 7, a lid member 24 that closes the opening 2 of the rotary drum 1 is provided separately from the rotary drum 1 as the material outflow prevention means 6.
By providing a means for moving the lid member 24 (not shown), the opening 2 of the rotating drum 1 can be freely opened and closed. When the material is put into the rotating drum 1 and the granulated product is taken out after granulation, The lid member 24 is brought into close contact with the opening 2 to close the opening 2, and the outflow of material from the opening 2 can be reliably prevented.
As another example in which the lid member 24 is used, there is a configuration in which the lid member 24 is opened and closed by fixing the lid member 24 without moving and tilting the rotating drum 1. The lid member 24 is disposed at a position where the rotary drum 1 is in contact with the opening 2 and closes in a state where the inclination of the rotary drum 1 is increased. When the rotary drum 1 is reduced in inclination, the lid member 24 is separated from the opening 2 and opened. Part 2 is opened. Thus, the material can be prevented from flowing out from the opening 2 with a simple configuration without providing a moving means in the lid member 24.

Next, examples in which the shape of the rotary drum 2 is different will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 9A shows an embodiment of the shape of the rotating drum 1 in which the rolling portion 5 is provided with an inclination so that the stirring portion 4 side of the rotating drum 1 is in the lower order. By providing an inclination to the rolling part 5 of the rotating drum 1, the classifying action by the inclined drum described above is also applied to the inner peripheral surface of the rotating drum 1 in the horizontal state, and the inclination of the rotating drum 1 by the tilting means is made. Even if it is made smaller, the same effect can be obtained.
FIG. 9B shows an embodiment of the shape of the rotating drum 1 in which an inclination is provided also in the stirring portion 4 portion of the rotating drum 1. Thereby, in the granulation process of a material that needs to be sufficiently used for the rolling operation rather than the stirring action for forming a granulated product from the powder, the rolling operation can be performed not a little at the stirring portion of the rotary drum 1. it can.

FIG. 10A shows an embodiment of a rotating drum shape in which the inclination of the rotating drum 1 in the embodiment of FIG. 9A is provided in multiple stages. By providing a plurality of inclined portions of the rotating drum 1, the granulated product is classified several times step by step, making it easy to adjust the granule size and obtaining a more uniform granulated product. It is something that can be done.
FIG. 10B shows an embodiment of a rotating drum shape in which the stirring portion 4 of the rotating drum 1 is inclined in the embodiment of FIG. Thus, also in the embodiment shown in FIG. 10A, the material can be sufficiently transferred in the granulating step.

Embodiments having different drum shapes shown in FIG. 11 will be described.
FIG. 11A shows an embodiment of a rotating drum shape in which an opening 2 side opposite to the embodiment of FIG.
By providing the rotating drum with the inclination reversed, the above-mentioned granulated product classification action is performed, and the same action can be obtained by adjusting the inclination angle by the shaping means.
In FIG. 11B, the rotary drum 1 has two slopes in which the shape of the rotary drum 1 swells in the center, that is, the slope A in which the opening 2 has the ring at the upper side and the slope B in which the other end side is at the upper side. Examples are shown. According to the present embodiment, by adjusting the tilt angle of the rotary drum 1 by the tilting means, two types of tilt angles are provided simultaneously in one rotary drum, and a rolling operation suitable for the state of the material can be obtained. It becomes easy to handle materials with various properties and can be easily granulated.
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 11 (c), the rolling drum portion 5 of the rotating drum 1 has the two kinds of inclination angles as described above, and the stirring means 4 is not inclined, and the stirring means 4 is stirred. 7 is made to act more effectively, and the stirring action is made to act more. Thereby, it is possible to sufficiently stir a material that needs to be sufficiently stirred, and a granulated material having a uniform material can be obtained.

Side view of the granulating apparatus of the present invention Partial sectional view of the rotating drum during the stirring process Partial sectional view of rotating drum during granulation process Partial sectional view of rotating drum during sizing process XX arrow view of FIG. Cross section of rotating drum at each process Partial sectional view of the rotating drum of the second embodiment Partial sectional view of the rotating drum at the time of each step in the second embodiment Partial sectional view of a rotating drum in another embodiment Partial sectional view of a rotating drum in another embodiment Partial sectional view of a rotating drum in another embodiment Partial sectional view of a rotating drum in another embodiment

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rotating drum 2 Opening 4 Stirring part 5 Rolling part 6 Material outflow prevention means 7 Stirring means 9 Stirring blade 13 Cylinder (tilting body means)
24 Lid member 27 Scraper

Claims (11)

A main body, a substantially cylindrical shape supported by the main body and having one end opened, a rotating drum that rotates around a rotating shaft, and a tilting drum means that changes an angle of inclination of the rotating drum with respect to the rotating shaft; Stirring means provided in the rotating drum for stirring the material is provided, and the rotating drum has a stirring portion for stirring the material and a rolling portion for rolling and granulating the material continuously provided on the same drum. A material granulating apparatus comprising material outflow prevention means for preventing outflow of material from the opening of the rotating drum when rolling the material. 2. The material granulation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the material outflow prevention means has a drum shape in which the diameter of the drum is gradually reduced with the opening side of the rotating drum facing the opening. 2. The material granulating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the material outflow prevention means includes a lid member that is provided separately from the rotating drum and closes the opening of the rotating drum. 4. The material granulating apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the lid member opens and closes the opening of the rotating drum by changing an inclination angle of the rotating drum. 5. The material granulating apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising moving means for moving the stirring means to a position where the material is not stirred in the rotary drum when rolling the material. 6. The material granulating apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a scraper that is provided along the inner periphery of the rotating drum separately from the rotating drum and scrapes off the material. One end is opened, a rolling part for rolling and granulating the material on one end side, and a stirring part for stirring the material on the other end side are provided continuously, and a rotating drum that rotates about a rotating shaft, Using a material granulating apparatus comprising a tilting drum means for changing the tilt angle of the rotating drum and a stirring means provided in the rotating drum for stirring the material, the stirring part of the rotating drum is located below the rolling part. An agitation step of inclining the rotating drum so as to stir the material, a granulation step of granulating the material by rolling the material at a smaller inclination angle of the rotating drum than the agitation step, and the granulation step A granulation method of a material characterized by sequentially performing a granulating step for adjusting the size of the granulated material by increasing the inclination angle of the rotating drum. The stirring step is performed with an inclination angle between the rotation axis of the rotating drum and the horizontal axis of 15 ° to 50 °, and the granulation step sets the inclination angle between the rotation axis of the rotating drum and the horizontal axis to 0 °. The material according to claim 7, wherein the material is sized at ˜15 °, and the sizing step is performed at an inclination angle between the rotating shaft of the rotating drum and the horizontal axis of 5 ° -20 °. Granulation method. The stirring step is performed by rotating the rotating drum at a higher speed than the granulating step, and the granulating step is performed by rotating the rotating drum at a lower speed than the granulating step. A method for granulating the material according to claim 7 or 8. The granulation step is performed by rotating the stirring unit in the direction opposite to the stirring step, and the granulating step is performed by rotating the stirring unit in the same direction as the stirring step. 10. A method for granulating a material according to claim 7-9. 11. The method for granulating a material according to claim 7, wherein the granulating step is performed by continuously changing the tilt angle of the rotating drum and swinging the rotating drum.

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