JP2006142389A - Clamping device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a clamping device capable of surely clamping a workpiece with a simple structure, and also, capable of preventing operation of the device from being blocked by foreign matters or the like. <P>SOLUTION: The clamping device 10 is composed as follows. A clamping member 12 is divided into two clamp half bodies 12a, 12b. A rubber elastic body 14 is fixed so as to fill the entire gap of the opposite side parts of the clamp half bodies 12a, 12b. The clamp half bodies 12a, 12b are elastically coupled. A through-hole 18 is provided to its central part. The inner face of the through-hole 18 is made as a tapered receiving face 20, whose diameter is enlarged toward outside, on the side opposite to the side mounted to a base. A fastening bolt 16 in a shape of a flat countersunk head screw, in which the outer peripheral face of its head part 22 is made as a tapered fitting face 26 with a reduced diameter as going downward in the axial direction, is inserted to the through-hole 18. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a clamping device, and more particularly to an improved structure of a clamping device for clamping and holding a predetermined work (workpiece) against a base (table) of a machine tool. .

  Conventionally, various vises, clamping devices, and the like have been used to hold a workpiece on a base of a machine tool. As one of such clamping devices, for example, in Patent Document 1, a stepped through hole (counterbore hole) provided in the clamp member is formed on the main body member, the base, or the base. A screw member that is screwed into a screw hole provided in a T-nut or the like that is movably disposed in the T-groove is inserted, and the head of the screw member is moved in a lateral direction perpendicular to the axis of the screw member. A clamping device configured to have an offset center is disclosed. In such a clamp device, as the screw member rotates, the eccentric head portion cams and moves in the through hole, and the inner peripheral surface of the through hole of the clamp member is moved to the head portion of the screw member. By performing an eccentric fitting that presses on the outer peripheral surface, a pressing force in the lateral direction acts on the clamp member, and the workpiece disposed between the clamp member and a predetermined support member by the pressing force. An object (work) can be clamped.

  Further, in Patent Document 2, two clamp member halves obtained by dividing the clamp member into two are elastically connected by spring materials arranged on the outer peripheral surfaces of the two clamp member halves, and A screw member that is screwed into a screw hole provided in a base or the like is inserted into a through-hole provided so as to pass through a substantially central portion of the opposing surface, and the screw member and When the screw member is screwed in by a taper fitting provided between the clamp member and the clamp member half, the half of the clamp member is expanded (separated), and the clamp member is pushed sideways. A clamping device configured to act on pressure is disclosed. And the workpiece | work arrange | positioned between a clamp member and a predetermined | prescribed support member can be hold | maintained there by the pressing force obtained in that way.

  Therefore, in the clamping device having such a structure, a vise having a general structure, that is, a base having a longitudinal shape and having a guide surface extending in the longitudinal direction and fixed to the base. A fixed jaw that is integrally fixed to one end of the base in the longitudinal direction, and is disposed opposite the fixed jaw on the other end of the base, and is guided by the guide surface of the base to the fixed jaw. A movable jaw that can be moved toward and away from the movable jaw and a spindle that moves the movable jaw, and the movable jaw approaches the fixed jaw by the rotation of the spindle to sandwich the workpiece therebetween. Thus, the structure can be effectively simplified as compared with a clamped vise.

  However, various problems are inherent in these clamping devices. For example, in the case of Patent Document 1, the outer peripheral surface of the head of the eccentric screw member and the inner peripheral surface of the through hole of the clamp member When the workpiece is held by such a clamp device, the screw member head cannot be fixed at an arbitrary position from the point where a pressing force is applied to the clamp member by the eccentric fitting. In order for the head of the eccentric screw member to cam in the through hole, the lower surface in the axial direction of the head of the screw member, the upper surface of the stepped through hole of the clamp member, or the upper surface of the fixed base Since a predetermined gap is required between them, the restraint force in the vertical direction (axial direction of the screw member) is weakened by the existence of such a gap, and the restraint is sufficient to prevent the workpiece from lifting up. If you can't get power Tsu was a problem were those inherent.

  Further, in the clamping device disclosed in Patent Document 2, the clamp member half divided into two parts is expanded by a screw member to generate a lateral pressing force to clamp the workpiece. Therefore, a gap is inevitably generated between the butted portions of the two clamp member halves while the workpiece is held. For this reason, if foreign matter such as cutting waste generated when cutting a clamped workpiece enters the gap between the one half of the clamp member and the other half of the clamp member, it expands. The gap between the two clamp member halves cannot be closed, and therefore it is difficult to obtain an appropriate stroke, in other words, movement of the clamp member, specifically, movement of the two clamp member halves. As a result, there is a risk of problems such as the inability to attach and detach the workpiece.

Japanese Patent No. 2849593 US Pat. No. 5,641,257

  Here, the present invention has been made in the background as described above, and the problem to be solved is that the work can be reliably clamped with a simple structure and the apparatus can be clamped by foreign matter or the like. It is an object of the present invention to provide a clamping device that prevents the operation from being hindered.

  In the present invention, in order to solve such a problem, a clamp member constituted by a plurality of divided bodies having a through hole in the central portion and positioned around the through hole, A screw member that is inserted into the through hole of the clamp member and is fixed to the support base that supports the clamp member, and is fixed between the through hole of the clamp member and the screw member. In the clamp device in which the clamp member is expanded by the taper fitting mechanism provided so that the clamp member is expanded so that a lateral pressing force acts on the divided body. The plurality of divided members constituting the member are integrally connected by a rubber elastic body or elastomer which is interposed between mutually facing portions in the circumferential direction and fixed to the facing portions. Luo plurality of divided bodies, the clamping device is characterized in that the elastically movable radially outward of the through hole of the clamp member, it is an gist thereof.

  Further, according to one of desirable aspects of the clamping device according to the present invention, the rubber elastic body or the elastomer is at least on the side opposite to the support base between the opposing portions of the plurality of divided bodies. Thus, the entire gap located between the two is filled and fixed to the opposing portions.

  And in this invention, the said clamp member is comprised in two division bodies, and is located in the center part of the side part which this polygon shape opposes so that a polygonal plane form may be exhibited as a whole. A clamping device in which the two divided bodies are connected to each other by the rubber elastic body or elastomer is also a feature.

  Furthermore, according to one of the other desirable modes of the clamp device according to the present invention, the inner surface of the through hole of the clamp member is a taper receiving surface that expands outwardly on the opposite side to the support base. On the other hand, a taper fitting surface corresponding to the taper receiving surface is formed on the head of the screw member, and the taper fitting mechanism is constituted by the taper receiving surface and the taper fitting surface.

  Furthermore, according to one of the other advantageous aspects of the clamping device according to the present invention, the taper receiving surface in which the inner surface of the through hole of the clamping member expands outwardly on the side opposite to the support base. On the other hand, a taper insertion surface corresponding to the taper receiving surface is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the ring member into which the screw member is loosely inserted and is inserted into the through hole of the clamp member as the screw member is screwed. The taper fitting mechanism is constituted by the taper receiving surface and the taper fitting surface.

  As described above, according to the clamping device according to the present invention, the entire device is configured by the clamp member configured by a plurality of divided bodies and the screw member, and the operation when clamping the workpiece is performed by the plurality of the clamp members. Compared to a conventional clamping device such as a vice, the structure is simplified and the clamping device is provided with a taper fitting mechanism provided between the clamp member divided body and the screw member. The workability for assembling and holding the base can be advantageously improved.

  In addition, by the taper fitting mechanism formed between the clamp member (divided body) and the screw member, the pressing force of the clamp member on the workpiece generated by screwing of the screw member and the constraint on the base of the clamp device Since both of the forces can be effectively generated, the possibility that the workpiece is lifted as in the conventional clamping device can be effectively eliminated.

  Further, when the clamp member constituted by the plurality of divided bodies is integrally connected by a rubber elastic body or elastomer, the clamp member divided body is expanded by screwing in the screw member. In such a case, such an elastic body extends to keep the clamp member divided bodies connected to each other, and when the workpiece clamp is released, the clamp member divided body that is pressed against the workpiece is affected by the elasticity. Since the body can be detached from the work by the restoring force of the body, the workability of the clamping work can be advantageously improved.

  Also, in the present invention, the rubber elastic body or elastomer filling the gap is filled with the clamp member so that at least the entire gap located on the opposite side of the support base (base) supporting the clamp member is filled. If it is made to adhere between the opposing parts of a body, the problem that foreign materials, such as cutting waste generated at the time of cutting, will enter into the gap between clamp member divisions effectively. Thus, the workpiece can be reliably held and released.

  Further, such a clamp member is composed of two divided bodies having a polygonal planar shape as a whole, and a rubber elastic body or an elastomer is provided at the center position of the opposing sides of the two divided bodies. If the workpieces are connected to each other, the workpiece can be effectively held even when the workpiece is thin.

  And according to one of the desirable aspects of the clamp apparatus according to this invention, the taper receptacle which the inner surface of the through-hole provided in the clamp member diameter-expands toward the opposite side to the base side to which a clamp apparatus is attached. On the other hand, the head portion of the screw member is a so-called flat head screw with a taper fitting surface gradually reducing the diameter toward the base side corresponding to the taper receiving surface, and a taper fitting mechanism Therefore, the structure can be simplified more than the conventional clamping device, and the productivity can be advantageously improved.

  According to one of the other preferable embodiments of the clamping device according to the present invention, a ring member having a taper fitting surface formed on the outer peripheral surface having a shape corresponding to the taper receiving surface formed on the clamp member. Is inserted into the screw member and a taper fitting mechanism is configured between the ring member and the clamp member, and the clamp members divided into a plurality are respectively moved radially outward, When a workpiece is fixed between the clamp member and a predetermined support member, the ring member loosely inserted into the screw member moves in the lateral direction even if the width of the workpiece to be fixed varies. As a result, such variations can be absorbed, so that each workpiece can be reliably held.

  Hereinafter, in order to clarify the present invention more specifically, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  First, FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 show an embodiment of a clamping device having a structure according to the present invention. FIG. 1 (a) shows a front view and FIG. 1 (b) shows a front view. FIG. 2 shows a plane form, and FIG. 2 shows an AA cross-sectional form in FIG. As can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 2, the clamp device 10 includes two clamp halves (divided bodies) 12 a and 12 b constituting the clamp member 12 and a fastening bolt 16. ing.

  More specifically, each of the clamp halves 12a and 12b has four corners of a flat plate made of a predetermined metal material such as iron or brass as shown in FIG. Two corners are chamfered to form a substantially trapezoidal planar shape, and the non-chamfered sides of the two clamp halves 12a and 12b are opposed to each other between the opposed surfaces. The rubber elastic body 14 made of a rubber material such as NBR is fixed in the same thickness and the same width as the clamp halves 12a and 12b, thereby integrally connecting the clamp halves 12a and 12b. Thus, the flat clamp member 12 having an outer shape of a substantially hexagonal shape or an octagonal shape as a whole is configured. In addition, a through hole 18 is formed in a substantially central portion of the clamp halves 12a and 12b integrally connected in this way so as to penetrate in a flat plate thickness direction (vertical direction in FIG. 3B). Is provided. Furthermore, the taper receiving surface 20 which expands outward is formed in the inner surface of this through-hole 18 on the opposite side to the direction where the clamp apparatus 10 is attached to a base.

  And, through such a through hole 18, a fastening bolt 16 made of a predetermined metal such as iron is inserted. As shown in FIG. 4, the tightening bolt 16 is a leg having a circular head 22 and a male screw screwed into a mounting hole or the like provided in the base on the outer peripheral surface thereof. Part 24. The lower portion of the side surface of the circular head portion 22 is a tapered fitting surface 26 that is gradually reduced in diameter toward the leg portion 24 side, and has a shape similar to a so-called flat head screw. Further, the head portion 22 is provided with a hexagonal hole 28 opened on the upper surface thereof, and when the clamp device 10 is attached to the base, the hexagonal hole 28 has a corresponding shape. When the hexagon wrench is inserted and the tightening bolt 16 is rotated, it is screwed into the mounting hole provided in the base.

  In this way, the clamp device 10 configured by combining the clamp members 12 formed by connecting the two clamp halves 12a and 12b with the rubber elastic body 14 and the fastening bolts 16 is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, the leg portions 24 of the tightening bolts 16 are screwed into the mounting holes 32 provided in the base 30 so that the taper fitting surfaces 26 of the tightening bolts 16 respectively The taper receiving surfaces 20 and 20 of the clamp halves 12a and 12b are pressed to press the clamp halves 12a and 12b against the base 30 and generate a pressing force in the lateral direction (left and right in the figure). The half bodies 12a and 12b can be separated from each other. Thus, by expanding the clamp halves 12a and 12b, as shown in FIG. 6, the support member 34 attached to the base 30 and the clamp member 12 (the clamp half 12b in FIG. 6) In the meantime, the workpiece (workpiece) 36 is held.

  Thus, in the clamping device 10 according to the present invention, the entire device is configured only by the clamp halves 12a and 12b connected by the rubber elastic body 14 and the tightening bolt 16. The overall structure of the apparatus can be further simplified as compared with the conventional clamping apparatus, and the clamping bolt 10 is simply attached to the base 30 and the work 36 is simply clamped by the clamping bolt 16. The clamping work can be performed only by inserting a tool into the hexagonal hole 28 provided in the head 22 and rotating the tool and screwing it into the mounting hole 32 provided in the base 30. There is also a feature that can be advantageously improved.

  Further, a taper comprising a taper receiving surface 20 provided in the through hole 18 of the clamp member 12 (clamp halves 12a and 12b) and a taper fitting surface 26 provided on the head 22 of the tightening bolt 16. The force that presses the clamp member 12 obtained by the tightening bolt 16 against the base 30 by the fitting mechanism is effectively divided into the force acting in the axial direction of the tightening bolt 16 and the force acting in the radial direction. It becomes possible to disperse. As a result, even when the clamp halves 12a and 12b are moved to the sides and the gap between the clamp halves 12a and 12b is widened, the clamp member 12 is moved to the workpiece 36. Both the pressing force and the restraining force of the clamp member 12 to the base 30 can be advantageously ensured. When the workpiece 36 being clamped is processed, an upward force is applied to the workpiece 36. Even when added, it is possible to prevent the workpiece 36 from being lifted.

  Then, the rubber elastic body 14 is fixed so as to fill the entire gap between the opposing sides of the two clamp halves 12a and 12b, and the clamp halves 12a and 12b are elastically connected to each other. Therefore, even when the clamp halves 12a and 12b are expanded, there is no gap between the clamp halves 12a and 12b, and the workpiece 36 generated in the conventional clamping device is eliminated. The problem that foreign matter such as cutting waste generated by cutting or the like enters the gap is effectively solved. As a result, the approaching action of the clamp halves 12a and 12b for releasing the holding of the workpiece 36 is not hindered by the intrusion of such foreign matter, so that the holding of the workpiece 36 is surely performed. The release operation can be performed.

  In addition, the rubber elastic body 14 is extended when the clamp halves 12a and 12b are expanded in this way, so that the clamp halves 12a and 12b are kept connected. In this case, since the clamp member 12 pressed against the work 36 is released from the work 36 by the restoring force of the rubber elastic body 14, the workability of the clamping work is advantageous. It can be improved.

  In this embodiment, since the clamp member 12 is formed of brass, which is a relatively soft material, when the work (workpiece) is clamped, the work is hardly damaged. Will be. Furthermore, since it is possible to easily process the clamp member 12 formed of such a relatively soft material in accordance with the shape of the work outer surface with which the clamp member 12 is brought into contact, The clamp member 12 can be processed into a shape that matches the shape of the workpiece to be clamped, and the workpiece can be held more reliably.

  Moreover, as another desirable mode of the clamping device according to the present invention, there can be cited a clamping device 50 as shown in FIGS. In this case, the clamp device 50 is configured such that a ring-shaped counter washer 38 is loosely inserted into a head portion 42 of the tightening bolt 40 between the clamp halves 12 a and 12 b and the tightening bolt 40. .

  In this case, the clamp halves 12a and 12b are elastically coupled with the rubber elastic body 14 fixed thereto so as to fill the entire gap between the opposing sides as in the above-described embodiment. Further, as shown in FIG. 8, the dish washer 38 has a flat plate shape with a circular outer shape, and the outer peripheral surface thereof is reduced in diameter toward one side (lower side in the figure), and is a tapered fitting surface. 44 and a through hole 46 penetrating in the thickness direction is provided so as to pass through the center of the circle. In addition, the through hole 46 is a stepped hole (counterbore hole) that changes from the large diameter portion 46a to the small diameter portion 46b in the middle thereof.

  As shown in FIG. 9, such a through hole 46 has a cylindrical washer 42 with such a dish washer when a fastening bolt 40 having a large diameter portion 42 a and a small diameter portion 42 b is inserted. The diameter is slightly larger than that of the head portion 42 so that a gap of an appropriate size is generated in the radial direction between the through hole 46 of the 38 and the head portion 42 of the tightening bolt 40. In addition, the fastening bolt 40 is formed with a male screw on the outer peripheral surface thereof that is screwed into a mounting hole of a base to be attached to the leg portion 24, similarly to the fastening bolt 16 shown in the above-described embodiment. At the same time, the head 42 is formed with a hexagonal hole 28 into which a tool for rotating the tightening bolt 40 is inserted.

  As shown in FIG. 10, the clamping device 50 configured as described above is configured such that the leg portion 24 of the tightening bolt 40 is screwed into the mounting hole 32 provided in the base 30, thereby tightening the tightening bolt. The dish washer 38 loosely inserted in 40 is pressed toward the base 30, and the taper receiving surfaces 20 of the clamp halves 12a and 12b on both sides are formed by the taper fitting surfaces 44 provided on the dish washer 38. , 20 are respectively pressed. The pressing force dispersed in the axial direction and the radial direction of the fastening bolt 40 by such a taper fitting mechanism presses the clamp halves 12a and 12b against the base 30, and the clamp halves 12a and 12b. Is expanded laterally (left and right in the figure), and the clamp halves 12a and 12b are separated from each other. Thus, the workpieces 36 and 36 are held between the support members 34 and 34 attached to the base 30 and the clamp halves 12a and 12b, respectively, by expanding the clamp halves 12a and 12b. It becomes.

  Therefore, when such a clamp device 50 is used to hold the workpiece 36 on both sides thereof, various effects similar to those of the clamp device 10 described above are exhibited and clamped on both sides of the clamp device 50. Even when there is a difference in the center position of the clamping device 50, that is, the distance from the central axis of the fastening bolt 40 to the workpieces 36 on both sides due to variations in the size (width) of the work 36, the fastening bolts The radial gap provided between 40 and the dish washer 38 absorbs such a difference in distance, and the taper fit between the clamp halves 12a, 12b on both sides and the dish washer 38 is Equally and reliably, the holding force from the clamp halves 12a and 12b to the workpieces 36 and 36 is effectively generated. DOO together is possible, binding force to the clamp halves 12a, 12b base 30 also is of being brought effectively exhibited.

  The exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described above. However, the present invention should not be construed as being limited to only such embodiments, and may vary based on the knowledge of those skilled in the art. The present invention can be implemented in a mode to which changes, modifications, improvements, and the like are added, and any such embodiment is included in the scope of the present invention without departing from the gist of the present invention. It goes without saying.

  For example, in the present embodiment, the clamp member 12 is made of a relatively soft material made of brass. However, various other metal materials such as iron are appropriately selected according to the workpiece to be clamped. It is possible. The outer shape of the clamp device 10 is not limited to an octagonal shape as in the present embodiment, but is a shape corresponding to a workpiece to be clamped, such as a polygonal shape such as a rectangular shape or an arc shape. There is no problem even if it is configured.

  In the above-described embodiment, the clamping device 10 (50) is fixed to the base 30 by screwing the fastening bolt 16 (40) into the mounting hole 32 provided in the base 30. However, for example, the tightening bolt 16 (40) is screwed into a T-nut or the like slidably disposed in a T-groove provided in the base 30, and the T-nut Of course, it is also possible to fix the clamping device 10 (50) to the base 30 by sandwiching the T-groove forming part of the base 30 with the clamping device 10 (50).

It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the clamp apparatus according to this invention, Comprising: (a) has shown the front view, (b) has each shown the top view. It is AA cross section explanatory drawing in FIG.1 (b). It is explanatory drawing which shows the clamp member which comprises the clamp apparatus of FIG. 1, Comprising: (a) is the top view, (b) has each shown BB sectional drawing in (a). It is front explanatory drawing which shows the clamping bolt which comprises the clamp apparatus of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the state which attached the clamp apparatus of FIG. 1 to the base, Comprising: (a) is the top view, (b) has shown CC sectional drawing in (a), respectively. . It is a cross-sectional explanatory drawing which shows the condition which clamped the workpiece | work using the clamp apparatus of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows another example of the clamp apparatus according to this invention, Comprising: (a) is the front view, (b) is the top view, (c) is DD cross section in (b). Each figure is shown. It is explanatory drawing which shows the plate washer used for the clamp apparatus of FIG. 7, Comprising: (a) is the top view, (b) has each shown EE sectional drawing in (a). It is front explanatory drawing which shows the clamping bolt which comprises the clamp apparatus of FIG. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional explanatory view showing a situation in which a workpiece is clamped using the clamping device of FIG. 7.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Clamp apparatus 12 Clamp member 12a, 12b Clamp half body 14 Rubber elastic body 16 Tightening bolt 18 Through-hole 20 Taper receiving surface 22 Head 24 Leg 26 Tapped surface

Claims (5)

A clamp member composed of a plurality of divided bodies having a through hole in the center and positioned around the through hole, and a support inserted into the through hole of the clamp member and supporting the clamp member A screw member for fixing the clamp member by screwing into the base, and the screw member is screwed by a taper fitting mechanism provided between the through hole of the clamp member and the screw member. Sometimes, in the clamping device in which the clamping member is expanded so that a lateral pressing force acts on the divided body,
A plurality of divided bodies constituting the clamp member are interposed between mutually opposed portions in the circumferential direction, and are integrally connected by a rubber elastic body or an elastomer fixed to these opposed portions, A clamp apparatus characterized in that the plurality of divided bodies can be moved elastically outward in the radial direction of the through hole of the clamp member.   The rubber elastic body or elastomer is fixed to the opposing portions so as to fill at least the entire gap located on the opposite side of the support base between the opposing portions of the plurality of divided bodies. The clamping device according to claim 1.   The clamp member is constituted by two divided bodies and has a polygonal planar form as a whole, so that the two divided bodies are located at the central portion of the opposite sides of the polygonal shape. The clamping device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the rubber elastic body or elastomer is connected.   The inner surface of the through hole of the clamp member is a taper receiving surface whose diameter is increased outward on the side opposite to the support base, while the head of the screw member corresponds to the taper receiving surface. The clamp device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a taper fitting surface is formed, and the taper fitting mechanism is constituted by the taper receiving surface and the taper fitting surface. The inner surface of the through hole of the clamp member is a taper receiving surface whose diameter is increased outwardly on the side opposite to the support base, while the screw member is loosely inserted and screwed into the screw member. As a result, a taper fitting surface corresponding to the taper receiving surface is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the ring member that is allowed to enter the through hole of the clamp member, and the taper fitting mechanism is formed by the taper receiving surface and the taper fitting surface. The clamping device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the clamping device is configured.

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