JP2006125034A - Composite horizontal member - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a composite horizontal member which can more easily secure workability, equivalent to that of a wooden horizontal member, than a conventional article, and which can also be subjected to reinforcement working on a job site. <P>SOLUTION: This composite horizontal member comprises a horizontal member body 1 made of wood and a wooden material, and a reinforcing material 2 which is attached to the body 1. A plate-like insert part 22, which is provided in the reinforcing material 2, is inserted into a groove 12 which is formed on the undersurface of the body 1, and a plate-like base part 21 is arranged in such a manner as to be superposed on the undersurface of the body 1. In this case, since a drift pin hole 14, which is formed in the body 1, overlaps a drift pin hole 24 which is formed in the reinforcing material 2, a drift pin 31 is driven into the holes 14 and 24 overlapping each other, and a screw 32 is screwed into a screw hole 23 which is formed in the reinforcing material 2. Thus, the reinforcing material 2 is fixed to the body 1. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a composite horizontal member composed of a horizontal member body made of wood or a wooden material and a reinforcing member attached to the horizontal member body.

  Conventionally, in the design and construction of wooden houses, the strength required for horizontal members (= beams, girders, etc.) is different between parts that are loaded and parts that are not loaded. Several types of horizontal members with different material sizes are used.

  However, when using various types of horizontal members with different material dimensions, there is a problem that it takes a lot of labor and time to determine the material dimensions to be used in each part at the design stage. In a factory for manufacturing a horizontal member, it is necessary to manufacture a variety of sizes, and this also has a problem of requiring labor and time.

  In order to deal with such problems, for example, in Patent Document 1 below, a beam member having a structure in which metal angle members having an L-shaped cross section are attached to the four corners of a wooden beam material, or a U-shaped cross section so as to wrap the lower surface of the wooden beam material. A beam member having a structure with a metal material attached thereto has been proposed. And, with such a beam member, the strength increases compared to the wooden beam, and accordingly, the material size can be reduced, and the same material size can be used in the part where the load is applied and the part where the load is not applied. It is said that the selection of material dimensions will be easy.

In addition to Patent Document 1 below, a horizontal member in which wood and a metal material are combined has been proposed. For example, in the following Patent Document 2, a composite beam material having a structure in which wood is attached to the upper end of an H-shaped steel (or the upper and lower ends of the H-shaped steel) is proposed, and in the following Patent Document 3, a wooden plate material is proposed. A composite laminated beam material having a structure in which a rod-shaped steel material or a plate-shaped steel plate is embedded in a part of a beam material obtained by laminating a layer is proposed.
JP-A-8-4202 JP-A-8-284310 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-34612

  By the way, in the above-mentioned patent documents 1 to 3, a composite horizontal member having no metal portion on the upper surface side has already been proposed, and if such a composite horizontal member is used, there is another on the upper surface side of the composite horizontal member. When it is desired to perform processing (joint processing) for joining the members (for example, columns), it can be expected that workability exactly equivalent to that of a wooden beam material can be secured.

  However, in the case of the beam member described in Patent Document 1, a metal portion is present on the side surface of the beam member (see FIGS. 1 and 2 of Patent Document 1). When it is desired to perform the processing for joining the members, it is difficult to ensure workability exactly the same as that of the wooden beam material.

  Such a defect is also present in the composite beam material described in Patent Document 2 above. For example, in FIG. 7 of Patent Document 2, the composite beam material is joined to the side of the composite beam material. However, since it is essential to join steel materials as shown in the drawing, it is not easy to process the side surfaces of the composite beam material by hand tools on site. In addition, this type of H-shaped steel is usually extremely heavy and cannot be handled in the same way as wooden beams in the first place.

  Furthermore, among the composite laminated beam materials described in Patent Document 3, a structure in which a plate-shaped steel plate is sandwiched (see FIG. 3 of Patent Document 3) also has an end surface of the steel plate on the side surface. The processability of is inferior. In this regard, among the composite laminated beam materials described in Patent Document 3 described above, a structure in which a rod-shaped steel material is embedded inside the beam material has no metal portion on the side surface of the horizontal member. When processing for joining other members to the side of the material is desired, there is a possibility that the same workability as that of the wooden beam material can be secured.

  However, since all the composite laminated beam members described in Patent Document 3 have a structure in which the steel material is embedded in the beam material, it is necessary to embed the steel material at the stage of manufacturing the laminated beam material. However, since it is not possible to employ a method of attaching a metal part in the retrofit, there are disadvantages that it takes time to manufacture a composite laminated beam material, and it cannot be reinforced at a construction site.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and its purpose is to make it easier to secure the workability equivalent to that of wooden horizontal members over conventional products, and to perform on-site reinforcement processing. It is to provide a horizontal member.

The characteristic configuration employed in the present invention will be described below.
The composite horizontal member of the present invention is a composite horizontal member composed of a horizontal member main body made of wood or a wooden material and a reinforcing member attached to the horizontal member main body. A groove extending in the longitudinal direction is formed in the material main body, and the reinforcing member is provided with a plate-like insertion portion that is long in the same direction as the plate-like base portion on one surface of the long plate-like base portion. In the state in which the plate-like insertion portion is inserted into the groove and the plate-like base portion is disposed so as to overlap the surface of the horizontal member main body, the horizontal member main body It is fixed with respect to.

  In this composite horizontal member, the horizontal member main body is formed of a so-called solid wood or a wood material that is bonded and assembled with a main element of a wood plate, a small piece, a fiber bundle or the like. In addition, the reinforcing material is formed of a material that can improve the strength of the horizontal member main body, in particular, the bending rigidity. For example, the reinforcing material is preferably formed of a metal material such as a steel material or an aluminum material. In addition, the reinforcing material may be formed of various known metal substitute materials (for example, fiber-reinforced plastic materials and ceramic materials).

  The width and depth of the groove formed in the horizontal member main body may be a width and depth sufficient for inserting the plate-like insertion portion of the reinforcing material. Since it becomes a factor that impairs the strength of the main body, the groove width is usually 5 mm to 15 mm, the groove depth is about 2 cm to 10 cm, and the target is a member having a plate-like insertion portion that fits in the groove. It is recommended to select a reinforcing material with sufficient reinforcing performance.

  The reinforcing material is a long material having a structure in which a long plate-like insertion portion projects in the same direction as the plate-like base on one surface of the long plate-like base. As a more specific example of such a long material, a long material (so-called angle material) configured such that a portion having an L-shaped cross section is continuous in the longitudinal direction, a T-shaped cross section, A long material configured such that the portion to be continuous in the longitudinal direction, a long material configured such that the portion having a U-shaped cross section is continuous in the longitudinal direction, and the like can be exemplified. . When only one such reinforcing material is used alone, in terms of strength, a reinforcing material having a U-shaped cross section or a T-shaped cross section is more desirable than a reinforcing material having a L-shaped cross section. However, even in the case of a reinforcing material having an L-shaped cross section, by arranging two reinforcing materials back to back, it can be used like a reinforcing material having an apparent T-shaped cross section. The reinforcement effect is higher than the case where only one L-shaped reinforcing material is used alone, and the two L-shaped reinforcing materials are arranged back to back. If it joins in the state which carried out, it can also be used substantially equivalent to the reinforcing material of a cross-section T shape.

  A reinforcing material having such a cross-sectional shape has higher bending rigidity than a reinforcing material having a one-dimensional shape (for example, a rod shape) or a reinforcing material having a two-dimensional shape (for example, a flat plate shape). Insert the reinforcing plate-like insertion part into the groove of the horizontal member main body, and overlap the reinforcing member's plate-like base on the surface where the groove of the horizontal member main body is formed. If it is fixed to the frame main body, it is possible to construct a composite horizontal material having extremely high bending rigidity.

  According to the composite horizontal member of the present invention configured as described above, the plate-like base portion of the reinforcing material is overlapped only on one surface where the groove of the horizontal member main body is formed, but the other surface is reinforced. Since the materials do not overlap, when processing a surface other than the one surface on which the grooves are formed, workability equivalent to that of a wooden horizontal member can be ensured.

  Therefore, in the composite horizontal member of the present invention, a groove is formed on the lower surface of the horizontal member main body, and the reinforcing member is placed so that the plate-like insertion portion of the reinforcing member protrudes upward from the upper surface of the plate-like base portion. If it is attached to the lower surface of the horizontal member main body, it is possible to ensure workability equivalent to that of the wooden horizontal member on the upper surface and both side surfaces of the composite horizontal member. In addition, if the reinforcing material is attached to the bottom surface of the horizontal member main body, when the stress acts in a direction that causes the horizontal member main body to bend downward, the reinforcing material extends on the lower surface side of the horizontal member main body. By suppressing this, it becomes difficult for the downward bending of the horizontal member body to occur, which is also preferable in this respect. If it is only necessary to ensure the workability equivalent to that of a wooden horizontal member on the upper surface and one side surface of the composite horizontal member, a groove is formed on the side surface of the horizontal member and a reinforcing plate is formed. The reinforcing member may be attached to the side surface of the horizontal member main body so that the insertion portion protrudes laterally from the plate-like base. Even in this case, the workability on one side of the composite horizontal member can be secured while the workability on the upper surface of the composite horizontal member is ensured, so the workability on both sides of the composite horizontal member is not ensured. This is superior to conventional products.

  Further, in the case of the composite horizontal member of the present invention, structurally, since the reinforcing material is only attached from the outside of the composite horizontal member, the reinforcing material is attached to the horizontal member main body at the construction site. The construction method can be adopted, and it is possible to suppress the manufacturing cost and the cost of storing the product after manufacturing, compared to the case where the reinforcing material has to be embedded inside the laminated material at the manufacturing stage of the laminated material. .

  Furthermore, in the composite horizontal member of the present invention, the size of the composite horizontal member is arbitrary depending on the purpose of use, but is usually a long material having a longitudinal dimension of about 3 m to 6 m (= same cross-sectional shape). The material is formed as a material whose portion is continuous in the longitudinal direction. In addition, some conventional horizontal members have a material width of about 10 cm to 45 cm. Among them, a material having a material width of about 18 cm to 36 cm is often used, and it is desired to make the material width as small as possible within a range in which strength can be secured. In order to meet the demands of the above, a very wide variety of materials having only a slight difference in material width has been used. However, in the case of the composite horizontal member of the present invention, the material width is 18 cm and the material width is 30 cm or more. Therefore, it is possible to replace several kinds of material widths in the conventional product with one kind of material width.

  Therefore, according to the composite horizontal member of the present invention, the size of the horizontal member can be reduced as compared with the conventional product, and as a result, the columns used in combination with the composite horizontal member of the present invention. Since there is no need to change the height according to the slight difference in the dimensions of the horizontal member, the height of the column can be reduced in addition to the width of the horizontal member. The labor required to find out is greatly reduced. Further, if the types of composite horizontal members and pillars are reduced, it is economical because it is not necessary to have many kinds of stocks even when manufacturing precut materials at a factory.

  In addition, with the composite horizontal member of the present invention, the size of the horizontal member can be reduced, so that the ceiling height can be secured by that amount, and a spacious space can be secured in the building. Become.

  By the way, in the composite horizontal member of the present invention, the groove and the reinforcing material are formed with a dimension in the longitudinal direction shorter than that of the horizontal member main body, and at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the horizontal member main body, It is preferable that a portion where no groove is formed is provided.

  By adopting such a structure, it is possible to provide a portion where no reinforcing material is present at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the horizontal member body, so that the workability in the vicinity of both ends in the longitudinal direction of the horizontal member body is further improved. . Therefore, when other members are to be joined in the vicinity of both ends in the longitudinal direction of the horizontal member main body, even if hardware is additionally attached, there is no possibility of collision between the hardware and the reinforcing material. In addition, it is good to ensure about 30 cm-about 50 cm of the part where such a reinforcing material does not exist in each longitudinal direction both ends of a horizontal member main body.

  Further, in the composite horizontal member of the present invention, the fixing method of the horizontal member main body and the reinforcing material is arbitrary, but the drift pin driven from the surface of the horizontal member main body has an inside of the horizontal member main body. When the plate-like insertion part has a structure that prevents the plate-like insertion part from coming out of the groove by passing through the plate-like insertion part, a stress acting to bend the horizontal member body is applied. Even if the force to push the reinforcing material out of the groove is transmitted to the reinforcing material, the drift pin that is driven from the surface of the horizontal body and penetrates the plate-shaped insertion part is prevented from being removed. Since the portion is prevented from coming out of the groove, for example, a structure having high strength is obtained as compared with a structure in which the plate-like base portion is screwed in the vicinity of the groove.

Next, an exemplary embodiment of the present invention will be described.
(1) Structure of composite horizontal member FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of the composite horizontal member of the present invention, and shows a state viewed from diagonally below.

This composite horizontal member is composed of a horizontal member main body 1 made of wood or a wooden material (in this embodiment, made of redwood laminated material) and a reinforcing member 2 attached to the horizontal member main body 1. .
In the horizontal member body 1, a groove 12 extending in the longitudinal direction is formed on the lower surface 11, and a recess 13 is formed around the groove 12. A drift pin hole 14 is formed in the side surface of the horizontal member body 1.

  The reinforcing material 2 is a long material having a structure in which a long plate-like insertion portion 22 protrudes from one surface of the long plate-like base portion 21, and more specifically, the plate-like base portion 21 has a plate. This is a long steel material configured such that a portion having a T-shaped cross section has a shape that is continuous in the longitudinal direction by vertically projecting the insertion portion 22. A screw hole 23 is formed in the plate-like base portion 21, and a drift pin hole 24 is formed in the plate-like insertion portion 22 as shown in FIG.

  The plate-like insertion portion 22 included in the reinforcing member 2 is inserted into the groove 12 formed on the lower surface of the horizontal member main body 1, and the plate-like base portion 21 is disposed so as to overlap the lower surface of the horizontal member main body 1. . At this time, the plate-like base portion 21 is accommodated inside the concave portion 13 formed on the lower surface of the horizontal member main body 1. Moreover, the drift pin hole 14 formed in the horizontal member main body 1 and the drift pin hole 24 formed in the reinforcing member 2 have a positional relationship such that they overlap when the plate-like insertion portion 22 is inserted into the groove 12. There, the drift pin 31 is driven into the overlapping drift pin holes 14 and 24. A screw 32 is screwed into the screw hole 23 formed in the reinforcing material 2. The reinforcing member 2 is fixed to the horizontal member main body 1 by the drift pins 31 and the screws 32.

  Even if the reinforcing material 2 is attached to the horizontal material body 1, the composite horizontal material having such a structure is in a state in which the reinforcing material 2 does not overlap at all with the upper surface and both side surfaces of the horizontal material body 1. Therefore, with this composite horizontal member, workability equivalent to that of the wooden horizontal member can be ensured on the upper surface and both side surfaces of the composite horizontal member.

  In this composite horizontal member, since the reinforcing member 2 is attached to the lower surface of the horizontal member main body 1, the reinforcing member 2 is reinforced when stress is applied in such a direction that the horizontal member main body 1 is bent downward. The material 2 also exhibits the effect of suppressing the elongation on the lower surface side of the horizontal member main body 1. Therefore, this composite horizontal member is also preferable in that the downward bending of the horizontal member main body 1 is less likely to occur.

  Furthermore, since the composite horizontal member of the present embodiment is structurally only provided with the reinforcing member 2 from the outside of the horizontal member main body 1, the reinforcing member 2 is attached to the horizontal member main body 1 at the construction site. A method of mounting can be employed. Therefore, for example, unlike the case where the reinforcing material has to be embedded in the laminated wood during the production of the laminated wood, it is not necessary to manufacture and stock the horizontal material in advance. Therefore, the manufacturing cost and the cost for storing the product after manufacturing can be suppressed.

Furthermore, in the composite horizontal member of the present embodiment, the groove 12 and the reinforcing member 2 are formed such that the longitudinal dimension L2 is shorter than the total length L1 of the horizontal member main body 1 as shown in FIG. In addition, at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the horizontal member body 1, portions where the grooves 12 are not formed (portions of dimensions L3 and L4) are provided. By adopting such a structure, it is possible to provide portions where the reinforcing material 2 does not exist at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the horizontal member main body 1, so that even better workability is obtained in the vicinity of both ends of the horizontal member main body 1. It can be secured. Therefore, when other members are to be joined in the vicinity of both end portions of the horizontal member main body 1, even if additional hardware or the like is attached, there is no risk of collision between the hardware and the reinforcing material. . It should be noted that such a portion where the groove 12 is not formed is desirably secured about 30 cm to 50 cm at each of both ends in the longitudinal direction of the horizontal member body 1.
(2) Strength test Next, in order to investigate the strength of the composite horizontal member, the following test was performed.

  As a test body, a reinforcing material 2 having a width of 60 mm for the plate-like base portion 21, a height of 30 mm for the plate-like insertion portion 22, and a thickness of 3 mm for each plate-like portion with respect to the horizontal body 1 of 2350 mm × 105 mm × 150 mm. What attached (total length 2000mm) was used (Example). Moreover, what did not attach the reinforcing material 2 with respect to the horizontal member main body 1 was also prepared for the comparison (comparative example).

  The test method was carried out according to the Japanese Agricultural Standard Bending Test for structural laminated wood. However, in consideration of the shape of the test body, the test was performed with the thickness direction of the test body set to 150 mm, the distance between the support points was 2160 mm, and the distance between the load points was 480 mm.

  The test results are shown in Table 1.

  From the above results, even in the same horizontal member main body 1, there is a marked difference in bending strength when the reinforcing material 2 is provided (Example) and when the reinforcing material 2 is not provided (Comparative Example). You can see that it happens. If the bending strength can be improved to this extent, the various material widths in the conventional product can be replaced with one material width.

  For example, if the material width of the composite horizontal member is secured about 18 cm, the strength equal to or higher than that of the conventional product having a material width of 30 cm can be ensured. All conventional products having a material width of 18 cm to 30 cm can be substituted.

  Therefore, the dimensions of the horizontal member can be reduced as compared with the conventional products. As a result, the height of the column used in combination with this composite horizontal member is also the same as that of the horizontal member. There is no need to change the height according to slight differences. As a result, not only the width of the horizontal member but also the height of the column can be reduced, and the labor required to determine the material size is greatly reduced. Further, if the types of composite horizontal members and pillars are reduced, it is economical because it is not necessary to have many kinds of stocks even when manufacturing precut materials at a factory.

  In addition, with the composite horizontal member of the present embodiment, the size of the horizontal member can be reduced, so that the ceiling height can be secured by that amount, and a space can be secured in the building. become.

As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to said specific one Embodiment, In addition, it can implement with a various form.
For example, in the above-described embodiment, the reinforcing material 2 having a T-shaped cross section is used. However, as shown in FIG. 3A, the reinforcing material 52 having an L-shaped cross section may be attached to the horizontal member main body 51. Thus, a corresponding improvement in strength can be expected without impairing the workability of the upper and side surfaces of the horizontal member main body 51.

  Further, if a reinforcing member having an L-shaped cross section is used, for example, two reinforcing members 62 having an L-shaped cross section are attached to the horizontal member main body 61 back to back as shown in FIG. In this case as well, a corresponding improvement in strength can be expected without impairing the workability of the upper surface and the side surface of the horizontal member main body 51. When two reinforcing members 62 having an L-shaped cross section are attached back to back in this way, the two reinforcing members 62 may be attached to the horizontal member main body 61 without being joined to each other, or the two reinforcing members may be attached. The material 62 may be attached in advance to the horizontal member main body 61, but the strength is improved if the material 62 is joined in advance, and it does not take time when the drift pin hole is aligned.

  In the above embodiment, an example of the reinforcing material 2 having a T-shaped cross section is shown. However, the specific structure of the reinforcing material having a T-shaped cross section itself is arbitrary. For example, the horizontal shape shown in FIG. A reinforcing material 72 formed by bending a single plate material so as to have a T-shaped cross section, such as the frame main body 71 and the reinforcing material 72, may be used.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although it comprised so that the plate-shaped base 21 of the reinforcing material 2 might be settled in the recessed part 13 formed in the horizontal member main body 1, the thickness of a plate-shaped base does not become a problem. In the case of the horizontal member used in the part, a part of the reinforcing material 82 is slightly from the surface position of the surface of the horizontal member main body 81 as in the horizontal member main body 81 and the reinforcing member 82 shown in FIG. It may be protruding.

  Further, in the above-described embodiment, a description is given of a structure in which one reinforcing material has a single plate-like insertion portion, such as a reinforcing material having a T-shaped cross section or a reinforcing material having an L-shaped cross section. However, the reinforcing material may have a structure having a plurality of plate-like insertion portions. For example, a U-shaped or F-shaped reinforcing member having two plate-like insertion portions, an E-shaped reinforcing member having three plate-like insertion portions, and the like may be adopted. In this case, the same number of grooves as the plate insertion portion are formed in the horizontal member main body.

  More specifically, for example, as shown in FIG. 4 (a) and FIG. 4 (b), two plate-like members are formed on the horizontal member main body 91 in which two slits (grooves) are provided in parallel. A U-shaped reinforcing member 92 having an insertion portion may be attached. In the example shown in FIG. 4 (a) and FIG. 4 (b), two slits extending parallel to the longitudinal direction with a spacing of 40mm with respect to the horizontal member main body 91 (flat size of material size 105mm × 180mm). (90 mm depth), and the reinforcing material 92 (a U-shaped metal section; thickness 3.2 mm, width 40 mm, height 90 mm) is inserted into these two slits, and the above-described implementation Similar to the embodiment, the reinforcing member 92 is fixed to the horizontal member main body 91 using drift pins and screws. With such a structure, it is possible to obtain a composite cross member having a higher rigidity than when a reinforcing material having a T-shaped cross section or a reinforcing material having an L-shaped cross section is used.

  In addition, in the above embodiment, it has been described that the reinforcing material is made of steel. However, the reinforcing material may be manufactured using a metal material other than the steel material, for example, an aluminum material, or various known metal substitute materials ( For example, the reinforcing material may be formed of a fiber reinforced plastic material or a ceramic material.

The perspective view of the composite horizontal member demonstrated as embodiment of this invention. (A) is a perspective view of a reinforcement material, (b) is a front view which shows the "part which does not provide the reinforcement material" in the both ends of a horizontal member main body. Sectional drawing which shows the modification of a reinforcing material. (A) Sectional drawing for showing the example of the reinforcing material which has a some plate-shaped insertion part, (b) is the fragmentary front view of the edge part.

Explanation of symbols

  1, 51, 61, 71, 81 ... Horizontal body, 2, 52, 62, 72, 82 ... Reinforcement material, 12 ... Groove, 13 ... Recess, 14, 24 ... Drift pin hole, 21 ... plate base, 22 ... plate insertion part, 23 ... screw hole, 31 ... drift pin, 32 ... screw.

Claims (4)

A composite horizontal material composed of a horizontal material body made of wood or wood material and a reinforcing material attached to the horizontal material body,
A groove extending in the longitudinal direction is formed in the horizontal member body,
The reinforcing material is a long material having a structure in which a long plate-like insertion portion is provided in the same direction as the plate-like base on one surface of the long plate-like base portion. Is inserted into the groove, and fixed to the horizontal member main body in a state where the plate-like base portion is disposed so as to overlap the surface of the horizontal member main body. Construction material. A groove is formed on the lower surface of the horizontal member body,
The reinforcing member is attached to the lower surface of the horizontal member main body so that the plate-like insertion portion of the reinforcing member protrudes upward from the upper surface of the plate-like base portion. The composite horizontal member described. The groove and the reinforcing material are formed with a dimension in the longitudinal direction shorter than that of the horizontal member main body, and portions where the groove is not formed are provided at both longitudinal ends of the horizontal member main body. The composite horizontal member according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The drift pin driven from the surface of the horizontal member main body penetrates the plate-like insertion part inside the horizontal member main body, thereby preventing the plate-like insertion part from coming out of the groove. It has structure. The composite horizontal member in any one of Claims 1-3 characterized by the above-mentioned.

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