JP2006122999A - Padding apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To perform a overlaying work on an inner surface of a hole having a round cross section in the axial direction such as an inner surface of cylinder and an inner surface of round hole formed on a workpiece, by utilizing a principle of plastic flow joining. <P>SOLUTION: A rotating tool 1 having a stir rod 11 in its tip is inserted from one side of the hole to be processed. A pressing tool 2 having a padding material 3 at its tip is inserted from the other side of the hole. Then the both tip ends are butted and the rotating tool 1 is moved forward while applying a relatively rotational movement between the stir rod 11 and the overlaying material 3. Thus, the head end face of the padding material 3 is heated by friction heat and a so-called plastic flow phenomenon is generated. The padding material 3b in a plastic flow state permeates into and fills a gap formed between the inner face of the workpiece W and the outer peripheral face of the stir rod 11. The pad layer 3c is succeedingly formed on the inner face of the hole to be processed, while the pressing tool 2 is retracted as the rotating tool 1 is advanced. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a build-up device that performs a build-up process on the inner surface of a work hole having a circular cross section in the axial direction formed in a work material.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, overlaying by an arc welding method (building-up method) has been performed as a method for building up a different kind or the same kind of metal on the surface of a workpiece. However, it has been difficult for the arc welding method to perform build-up processing in the pipe.
Recently, a new welding process called Friction Stir Welding has been developed.

  This plastic flow welding is performed by inserting a star rod, which is harder than the work material, into the work material joining area and causing a relative friction circulation motion between the star rod and the work material to generate frictional heat. Is heated to a high temperature to bring the joining region into a plastic flow state, and the workpieces are joined together.

JP 7-505090 Gazette

The characteristic of this plastic flow bonding is that the bonding is solid-phase bonding, which causes crystal refinement due to plastic flow, but applicable work materials are limited to flat ones, and three-dimensional curved surfaces It was difficult to apply to the work material.
In this invention, using the principle of plastic flow bonding, the inner surface of a processing hole having a circular cross section in the axial direction, such as the inner surface of a cylindrical material or the inner surface of a circular hole formed in the processing material, is applied. The purpose is to provide a device for building up meat suitable for the above.

  Therefore, in the invention according to claim 1, in the build-up device for performing the build-up processing on the inner surface of the work hole having a circular cross section in the axial direction while opening both ends of the work material, a star rod is provided at the tip. Insert a rotating tool from one side of the hole to be machined, insert a pressing tool with a built-up material at the other end from the other side, and place it oppositely. While the relative rotational motion is applied, the rotary tool is advanced to plastically flow the front end surface of the build-up material, and the build-up device applies the build-up processing to the inner surface of the hole to be processed.

  With this configuration, when performing build-up processing, a rotating tool provided with a star rod at the tip is inserted from one side of the hole to be processed, and a pressing tool having a build-up material at the other end is inserted from the other side to face each other. Arrange and advance the rotary tool while abutting both ends and applying a relative rotational movement between the star rod and the build-up material. The front end surface of the star rod comes into contact with and contacts the front surface of the build-up material, and friction is generated. The front end surface of the build-up material is heated by frictional heat, and a so-called plastic flow phenomenon occurs. The build-up material that has plastically flowed enters and fills the space formed by the inner surface of the workpiece and the outer peripheral surface of the star rod. The rotary tool advances, and with this, the pressing tool moves backward, and a built-up layer is sequentially formed on the inner surface of the hole to be processed.

  At this time, the relative rotational speed that the star rod gives to the build-up material can be increased by rotating the build-up material in the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the star rod.

In addition, it is mainly the build-up material that is friction-stirred by the star rod, and the workpiece is not heated by friction stirring. For this reason, in addition to the same kind of metal, for example, when the work material is an aluminum material, it is made of a metal having a low melting point, such as building up an aluminum alloy, copper, or copper alloy, which has better wear resistance and corrosion resistance than pure aluminum. It is also possible to build up a dissimilar metal having a high melting point on the inner surface of the workpiece.
Further, in the invention of claim 4, a shaving projection for shaving the inner peripheral surface of the workpiece is provided on the outer periphery of the star rod. The shaving projection cuts the inner peripheral surface of the work material thinly to expose an active new surface, thereby increasing the bonding strength with the plastic fluidized build-up material.

  As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, in the build-up device for performing the build-up processing on the inner surface of the work hole having a circular cross section in the axial direction while opening both ends of the work material, Insert a rotating tool from one side of the hole to be machined, insert a pressing tool with a build-up material at the other end from the other side, place them oppositely, but abut both ends and star rod and build-up material The inner surface of the hole to be machined having a circular cross-section can be formed by advancing the rotary tool while applying a relative rotational motion between them and plastically flowing the front end surface of the built-up material.

  In the invention of claim 2, the relative rotational motion between the star rod and the build-up material can be increased by rotating the build-up material inserted from the other side in the direction opposite to the star rod.

  According to the third aspect of the present invention, it is possible to improve the quality of the material by building up with a dissimilar metal that is more excellent in wear resistance and corrosion resistance than the workpiece.

  In the invention of claim 4, the outer periphery of the star rod is provided with a shaving projection for cutting the inner peripheral surface of the work material, so that the new inner surface of the work material is exposed and the overlay process is performed. It is possible to increase the bonding strength of the build-up material.

  The build-up material and the pressing tool are used to build up the inner surface of the work hole having a circular cross section in the axial direction, such as the inner surface of the cylindrical material or the circular hole formed in the work material, using plastic flow. This was realized by placing the tips facing each other and applying a relative rotational motion by abutting both ends.

  In the following, Example 1 of the present invention was made using a cylindrical tube W made of an aluminum alloy (AC4D: JIS H 5201-1977) having an inner diameter D open at both ends. An example in which the inner surface of the cylindrical tube W is reformed by depositing the inner diameter d with a cylindrical cladding material 3 made of an aluminum alloy (AC8A: JIS H 5202-1977) having excellent wear properties. Will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the rotary tool 1 attached to a base (not shown) so as to be able to advance and retreat is slightly smaller than the inner diameter D of the cylindrical tube W at the front end surface and has an inner diameter d after being built up. A star rod 11 having a diameter d is provided. At the center of the tip of the star rod 11, a cylindrical center protrusion 12 is formed so as to protrude. The rotary tool 1 is rotated from one side (right side in FIG. 1) of the cylindrical tube W by a drive motor (not shown) and can be advanced.

  On the other hand, from the other side of the cylindrical tube W (left side in FIG. 1), a pressing tool 2 that is rotated by a drive motor (not shown) and can be advanced and retracted is disposed on the same axis as the rotating tool 1. An attachment recess 22 having a female screw 21 is provided at the tip of the pressing tool 2, and the build-up material 3 is attached to the attachment recess.

  The build-up material 3 has a cylindrical shape slightly thinner than the inner diameter D so that the outer diameter can be inserted into the cylindrical tube W. On the other hand, a male screw portion 31 is provided at the rear end thereof, and is screwed into the female screw 21 of the mounting recess 22 so that it can be fixedly attached to the tip of the pressing tool 2. And the built-up material 3 attached is fixed to the axis of the pressing tool 2 by a common axis. In the column-shaped build-up material 3 in this embodiment, a center hole 32 is formed in the direction of the center axis, and a center protrusion 12 protruding from the center of the tip of the star rod 11 can be inserted.

The operation of this embodiment having such a configuration will be described.
FIG. 2 shows a set state before build-up processing, and the cylindrical tube W is fixed around the axis by a fixing means such as a fixing chuck (not shown). A built-in male screw portion 31 is screwed and fixed to a female screw 21 formed at the tip of the pressing tool 2. In FIG. 2, the cylindrical tube W is inserted from the left side (the other side) and disposed at the start position on one side. On the other hand, the rotary tool 1 is arranged at the retracted position so as to coincide with the axis on the right side (one side) of the cylindrical tube W. Thereby, the rotation tool 1 and the build-up material 3 are arrange | positioned facing.

  Next, a drive motor (not shown) is driven, and the rotary tool 1 starts to rotate and advance. At the same time, the drive motor of the pressing tool 2 starts rotating in the direction opposite to the rotating direction of the rotating tool 1. In this embodiment, since the pressing tool 2 is configured to rotate in the direction opposite to that of the rotating tool 1, the relative rotational speed of the star rod 11 with respect to the build-up material 3 is the sum of the two, and the respective rotational speeds. Is 10,000 rotations, the relative rotation speed between the star rod 11 and the build-up material 3 is rotating at 20,000 rotations.

  Then, the rotary tool 1 advances while rotating, and the tip surface of the star rod 11 comes into contact with the front surface of the build-up material 3, and friction is generated between the tip of the star rod 11 and the build-up material 3. Furthermore, the rotary tool 1 advances while rotating. On the other hand, the pressing tool 2 retreats according to the pressing force received through the build-up material 3 as the rotary tool 1 moves forward, and continues to apply a predetermined pressing force to the build-up material 3.

  Thereby, the front end surface of the build-up material 3 is heated by frictional heat and is below the melting point, but is softened, so-called plastic flow state, and as shown in FIG. Extruded to the outer peripheral side of the star rod 11, pushed and moved from between the front end surface of the star rod 11 and the front surface of the build-up material 3, and rapidly cooled when reaching the outer peripheral surface of the star rod 11. Then, the burr-like portion 3a attached in a burr-like shape is formed.

  When the rotary tool 1 further advances and reaches the inside of the cylindrical tube W, the burr-like portion 3a comes into contact with and seals the end surface of the cylindrical tube W, and the overlay material is rubbed by friction caused by the tip surface of the star rod 11 The tip surface of 3 sequentially causes a plastic flow phenomenon and enters the space formed by the inner surface of the cylindrical tube W and the outer peripheral surface of the star rod 11 as a plastic fluidized bed 3b (see FIG. 1).

  FIG. 1 shows a state in which the star rod 11 has advanced to an intermediate position of the cylindrical tube W, and is sandwiched between the rotating tool 1 that moves forward and the pressing tool 2 that moves backward as the rotating tool 1 rotates and advances. The position of the plastic fluidized bed 3b advances while the front end surface of the buildup material 3 plastically flows, and a buildup layer 3c that fills and joins the inner surface of the cylindrical tube W is formed behind. In this way, as the rotary tool 1 advances, the build-up layer 3c is sequentially formed on the inner surface of the cylindrical tube W, and the rotary tool 1 moves to the foremost end of the cylindrical tube W, and the build-up operation is completed.

  Here, the plastic fluidized bed 3b also moves in a space formed by the inner surface of the cylindrical tube W and the outer peripheral surface of the cladding material 3. However, in this space, since frictional heat due to friction is not generated, it is rapidly generated. While being cooled, the pressing tool 2 moves backward, so that even if a slight plastic fluidized bed 3b enters, further penetration is prevented.

  In this way, the build-up is performed in a compressed state, and since the inner surface after the build-up is defined by the outer surface of the star rod 11, the build-up layer 3c having a smooth surface with good dimensional accuracy is obtained. Can do.

  In the first embodiment, only the build-up material 3 is subjected to frictional stirring by the star rod 11, and the space formed by the inner surface of the cylindrical tube W and the outer peripheral surface of the star rod 11 is filled with the plastic fluidized bed 3b. Since the build-up process is performed, the inner surface of the cylindrical tube W is not subjected to friction stirring by the star rod. Therefore, a metal having a higher melting point that is more excellent in wear resistance and corrosion resistance than the cylindrical tube W can be used as the build-up material.

  Moreover, when especially the joining strength of the build-up layer 3c to the cylindrical tube W is needed, or when performing build-up processing between the metal seed | species with low joining force, the inner surface of the cylindrical tube W is made rough beforehand. Thus, the concave portion of the inner surface which is a rough surface is filled with the plastic fluidized bed 3b and can be firmly bonded.

  A part of the plastic-filled build-up material 3 is also pushed out to the right end of the cylindrical tube W, but rapidly cools to lose its fluidity, and closes the release end surface at the right end of the cylindrical tube W. Further, the rotary tool 1 continues to advance while pressing the build-up material 3 with a predetermined pressure, and the plastic fluidized bed 3b is pushed into the space formed by the inner surface of the cylindrical tube W and the outer peripheral surface of the star rod. When it is released from the intense friction by the star rod 11, it cools, and the built-up layer 3 c is formed on the inner surface of the cylindrical tube W.

  Moreover, in Example 1, since the center hole 32 is formed in the axial center of the build-up material 3, and it is set as the structure which inserts the center protrusion 12 in this center hole 32, the build-up material 3 becomes difficult to produce blurring, An example of being held stably was shown. However, it is not always necessary to insert the tip of the central protrusion 12 into the center hole 32, and a build-up material without the center hole 32 may be used.

  In the first embodiment described above, the example in which the workpiece made of the aluminum alloy (AC4D) is the cylindrical tube W and the build-up layer 3c of the aluminum alloy (AC8A) is formed on the inner surface of the cylindrical tube W has been described. As long as the material is softer than the material of the star rod 11, it can be applied in principle.

  Moreover, although the example which made the workpiece material the cylindrical tube W was shown, the workpiece material is not restricted to a cylindrical tube, but can also fill in the circular hole drilled in the workpiece material.

  Further, in the first embodiment, the cylindrical tube W is fixed and the rotary tool 1 and the pressing tool 2 are rotated in opposite directions, respectively. What is necessary is just to rub the front surface of the covering material 3, and while rotating the cylindrical tube W, it can also implement by fixing the rotation tool 1. FIG.

  Furthermore, in this embodiment, an example in which the end surface of the cylindrical tube W is sealed by the burr-like portion 3a formed at the initial stage of the build-up processing is shown, but a flash holder is attached to the end surface of the cylindrical tube W as necessary. For example, the end face of the cylindrical tube W may be sealed.

  Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. A major difference from the first embodiment is that a new protrusion is exposed on the outer periphery of the star rod by providing a shaving protrusion that slightly scrapes the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical tube W. Therefore, the description of the same configuration as that of the first embodiment will be simplified, and description will be made with the same reference numerals with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5.

  In the second embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the rotary tool 1 has a star rod 11 having a diameter d so that the tip surface thereof is slightly smaller than the inner diameter D of the cylindrical tube W and has an inner diameter d after being built up. Is provided. The tip end side of the star rod 11 is a tapered inclined surface 11a, and a columnar central projection 12 is formed to protrude from the center of the tip. Further, a ridge 11b inclined from the axial direction from the inclined surface 11a to the front portion of the outer peripheral surface of the star rod 11 is formed. A portion of the protrusion 11b provided on the outer peripheral surface of the star rod 11 is a shaving protrusion protruding so as to be larger by about 0.25 to 1 mm than the inner diameter D of the cylindrical tube W.

  As in the first embodiment, the rotary tool 1 is rotated from one side of the cylindrical tube W (right side in FIG. 4) by a drive motor (not shown) and can be advanced, while the other side of the cylindrical tube W (FIG. 4). From the left side), the build-up material 3 attached to a pressing tool (not shown) is arranged to face the rotary tool 1 on the same axis.

  The build-up material 3 has a cylindrical shape slightly thinner than the inner diameter D so that its outer diameter can be inserted into the cylindrical tube W, and a central protrusion 12 formed to protrude from the center of the tip of the star rod 11 can be inserted. ing.

The operation of the second embodiment having such a configuration will be described.
In the same manner as in FIG. 2 showing the first embodiment, when the build-up process is performed, the build-up material 3 is inserted from the left side (the other side) of the cylindrical tube W to the right side (one side) of the cylindrical tube W. 11 and the axis are aligned.

  Next, the rotary tool 1 starts rotating and moves forward by driving a drive motor (not shown). At the same time, a drive motor that rotates the build-up material 3 rotates in the direction opposite to that of the rotary tool 1.

  The front end surface of the star rod 11 comes into contact with and contacts the front surface of the build-up material 3 and rubs the front end surface of the build-up material 3 violently, and the rotary tool 1 advances while rotating. On the other hand, the pressing tool 2 retreats according to the pressing force received through the build-up material 3 as the rotary tool 1 moves forward, and continues to apply a predetermined pressing force to the build-up material 3.

  Moreover, in Example 2, the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical tube W is cut thinly by about 0.25 to 0.5 mm by the shaving protrusion of the protrusion 11b provided on the outer peripheral surface of the star rod 11, and an active new surface is formed. It will be exposed. As a result, the front end surface of the build-up material 3 is heated by frictional heat and is below the melting point, but is softened, so-called a plastic flow phenomenon, and is extruded to the outer peripheral side in the same manner as in the first embodiment. The plastic fluidized bed 3b enters the space formed by the inner surface of the tube W and the outer peripheral surface of the star rod 11 (see FIGS. 4 and 5).

  As the rotary tool 1 moves forward, the front end surface of the build-up material 3 sandwiched between the rotary tool 1 and the retreating pressing tool 2 plastically flows, and accordingly, the position of the plastic fluidized bed 3b changes. As it moves forward, a built-up layer 3c that fills and joins the inner surface of the cylindrical tube W is formed behind. In addition, since the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical tube W is cut thinly by the protrusion 11b and an active new surface is exposed, the build-up layer 3c is bonded to the cylindrical tube W, and the bonding strength is increased. .

  In this way, as the rotary tool 1 advances, the build-up layer 3c is sequentially formed on the inner surface of the cylindrical tube W, and the rotary tool 1 moves to the foremost end of the cylindrical tube W, and the build-up operation is completed.

Cross-sectional view showing the state during build-up processing Overlay processing set state Partial sectional view showing the initial state of overlaying Sectional drawing which shows the state in the build-up process of Example 2 The expanded sectional view which shows the state in the build-up process of Example 2

Explanation of symbols

1 ... Rotation tool 2 ... Pressing tool
3 ... Filling material 11 ... Star rod
12 ... Center protrusion

Claims (4)

In the build-up device for performing build-up processing on the inner surface of the work hole that opens both ends of the work material and has a circular cross section in the axial direction,
Insert a rotating tool with a star rod at the tip from one side of the hole to be processed, insert a pressing tool with a build-up material at the other tip from the other side, While applying a relative rotational movement between the star rod and the build-up material, the rotary tool is advanced to plastically flow the front end surface of the build-up material, and build-up processing is performed on the inner surface of the hole to be processed. Meat overlay equipment. The build-up device according to claim 1, wherein the build-up material inserted from the other side rotates in a direction opposite to the star rod. The build-up device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a metal having a melting point higher than that of the workpiece is used as the build-up material. The build-up device according to claim 1, wherein a cutting projection for cutting the inner peripheral surface of the workpiece is provided on the outer periphery of the star rod.

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