JP2006104847A - Transit control system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a transit control system capable of performing registration of passing propriety information on passengers only with operation of this system. <P>SOLUTION: In the transit control system for controlling entering/leaving (passing) rooms and facilities which require security using biological information such as face images of the passengers, registration of passing allowance information on the passengers is simultaneously performed when registering dictionary information on the passengers by a biological collating device. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a traffic management system that manages entrance / exit (traffic) to / from a room or facility that requires security by using biological information such as a face image of a passerby.

Conventionally, for example, whether a passerby (entrance / exit person) is a person who has been registered in advance using biometric information such as a face image, fingerprint image, palm image, finger image, audio information, iris information, and vein information. In addition to determining whether or not the passerby is permitted to pass through the entrance gate (entrance) by referring to pre-registered passability information, the passerby is a registered person. In addition, there is known a traffic management system using biometric matching that opens a traffic gate and permits traffic (entrance) only when traffic through the traffic gate is permitted (for example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2). reference).
JP 2004-19339 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-6855

  However, in the above-described conventional technology, it is necessary to equip a device (host computer) different from the device for registering and collating human biological information in order to set passability information of passersby. , There is a problem that the development cost corresponding to that.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a traffic management system capable of registering passability information of passersby only by an operation in this system.

  The traffic management system of the present invention includes a first biometric information acquisition unit that acquires unique biometric information of a passer-by, and a dictionary creation unit that generates dictionary information from the biometric information acquired by the first biometric information acquisition unit. And dictionary storage means for storing dictionary information created by the dictionary creation means; and passability information registration means for registering passability information indicating whether or not the passerby is allowed to pass through the passgate; Second biological information acquisition means for acquiring the unique biological information of the passer-by, biological information acquired by the second biological information acquisition means, dictionary information stored in the dictionary storage means, and the passability information Based on the passability information registered by the registration means, determination means for determining the passability of the passer-by, and opening / closing control of the entrance / exit passage gate based on the determination result of the determination means And a gate control means.

  Further, the traffic management system of the present invention includes a plurality of biometric matching devices that determine whether or not the passer is allowed to pass based on the input biometric information unique to the passer, dictionary information registered in advance, and passability information, and the plurality of biometric matching devices. And a gate control device that controls opening and closing of the entrance / exit passage gate based on the determination result of the biometric matching device, and at least one of the plurality of biometric matching devices The first biometric matching device includes a first biometric information acquisition unit that acquires biometric information unique to a passer-by and a dictionary creation that generates dictionary information from the biometric information acquired by the first biometric information acquisition unit Means, first storage means for storing the dictionary information created by the dictionary creating means, and whether or not the passerby is permitted to pass to the pass gate. Registered by the passability information registration means for registering information, the second biometric information acquisition means for acquiring the unique biometric information of the passerby, the dictionary information created by the dictionary creation means, and the passability information registration means. Distribution means for distributing the passability information to the second biometric matching device other than the first biometric matching device among the plurality of biometric matching devices, and a second means for acquiring the biometric information unique to the passerby Based on the biological information acquisition means, the biological information acquired by the second biological information acquisition means, the dictionary information stored in the first storage means, and the passability information registered by the passability information registration means A first determination unit that determines whether or not a passer is allowed to pass, and the second biometric verification device other than the first biometric verification device among the plurality of biometric verification devices is the first biometric verification device. Receiving means for receiving the dictionary information and passability information distributed by the distribution means of the recorder, second storage means for storing the dictionary information and passability information received by the receiving means, and the passerby's unique Based on the third biological information acquisition means for acquiring the biological information, the biological information acquired by the third biological information acquisition means, the dictionary information stored in the second storage means, and the passability information, the passerby Second determining means for determining whether or not the vehicle can pass.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the traffic management system which can register a passer's passability information only by operation in this system can be provided.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
In the following description, a case where a face image is used as the biological information of a person will be described as an example, but in addition to the face image, other information such as a fingerprint image, an iris information, a palm-shaped image, a finger image, voice information, vein information, etc. The same can be done using the biometric information.

  FIG. 1 schematically shows a configuration of a traffic management system according to the present embodiment. In FIG. 1, a plurality of biometric matching devices 11, 12, 13, and 14 each capable of dictionary registration and face matching are installed in different places and can communicate with each other via a network (communication line) 15. It is connected.

  Gate control devices 16, 17, 18, and 19 are connected to the biometric verification devices 11, 12, 13, and 14, respectively. The gate control devices 16, 17, 18, and 19 open and close the electric locks 21, 22, 23, and 24 provided in the entrance gates based on the determination results from the biometric matching devices 11, 12, 13, and 14, respectively. Control.

  For example, as illustrated in FIG. 2, the biometric matching devices 11, 12, 13, and 14 capture a face image (an image including at least a face) of a person to be verified (hereinafter also referred to as a passerby or person) 100. Input to the illumination unit 102 that emits light at a constant illuminance toward at least the face of the person to be verified 100 from the vicinity of the camera 101 as biometric information acquisition means to be input. An input / output unit 103 as a display means and a specific information acquisition means for displaying a face image, various guidance, etc., an ID number (specific information) for specifying the person 100 to be collated, a password, etc., and a camera The processing unit 104 is configured to process the face image input from 101 and perform face image collation processing and the like.

  The camera 101 captures and inputs a face image of the recognition target person 100 from below at a predetermined angle, and is composed of, for example, a television camera using an image sensor such as a CCD sensor.

  The illuminating unit 102 is an illuminating device such as a fluorescent lamp that emits light at a constant illuminance from the vicinity of the camera 101 (for example, the side of the camera 101) toward the face of the person 100 to be recognized.

  The input / output unit 103 displays the face image of the recognition target person 100 photographed by the camera 101, various guidances, processing results, and the like, and inputs the ID number and password of the recognition target person 100. For example, the liquid crystal display unit and the touch panel are integrated, and are provided in the vicinity of the camera 101, for example, in the upper part of the camera 101, at a position corresponding to the face portion of the person 100 to be recognized. Note that not only the guidance by display but also a voice guidance function may be added.

  The processing unit 104 uses an image input unit 105 as an image input unit for inputting a face image from the camera 101, and a human face image obtained from the image input unit 105, in comparison with a pattern dictionary prepared in advance. A face detection unit 106 serving as a feature extraction unit that detects the position of facial parts such as the face, eyes, and nose, and a feature extraction unit that extracts facial feature amounts such as grayscale information or partial space information based on the output of the face detection unit 106 When the dictionary information is registered as the feature extraction unit 107, the feature amount extracted by the feature extraction unit 107 is stored (registered) as dictionary information in association with the passability information (passage area information) of the passer-by. Dictionary storage unit 108 as storage means (dictionary storage means) for storing dictionary information distributed from the outside and passage permission / inhibition information in association with each other. During face matching, feature extraction unit 1 Collation as collation means for collating the feature amount (input feature information) extracted in step 7 with dictionary information registered in the dictionary storage unit 108 to determine whether or not the recognition target person 100 is the person himself / herself. 109, a communication unit 110 for communicating with another biometric matching device, and a control unit 111 as a control unit that controls the overall control.

The image input unit 105 inputs the face image from the camera 101, digitizes it by A / D conversion, and sends it to the face detection unit 106.
First, the face detection unit 106 detects the face area of the recognition target person 100 from the face image input by the image input unit 105. For example, by obtaining a correlation value while moving a template prepared in advance in an image, a place having the highest correlation value is set as a face region. In addition, face detection means such as a face region extraction method using an eigenspace method or a subspace method may be used.

  Next, the face detection unit 106 detects the position of the facial parts such as eyes, nose, and mouth from the detected face area. The detection method is described in, for example, literature (Kazuhiro Fukui, Osamu Yamaguchi: “Face Feature Point Extraction by Combination of Shape Extraction and Pattern Matching”, IEICE Transactions (D), vol. J80-D-II, No. 8, pp2170-2177 (1997)).

  The feature extraction unit 107 cuts the face area into a certain size and shape based on the position of the face part detected by the face detection unit 106, and uses the shading information as a feature amount. Here, for example, the gray value of an area of m pixels × n pixels is used as information as it is, and information of m × n dimensions is used as a feature vector (dictionary information).

  The dictionary storage unit 108 registers (stores) the feature amount extracted from the face image of a passerby permitted to use in the system in advance as dictionary information in association with the passer's passability information and the ID number. Is. As the dictionary information to be registered, vector information obtained by converting the face cut-out image extracted by the feature extraction unit 107 into eigenspace by KL expansion is stored, and this information is handled as dictionary information.

  The collation unit 109 collates the input feature information obtained from the feature extraction unit 107 with the dictionary information corresponding to the personal ID input from the input / output unit 103 in the dictionary storage unit 108, thereby obtaining the input feature information and the dictionary. The similarity with the information is obtained, and if the obtained similarity is higher than the threshold, the person is determined to be a registrant (person), and if the obtained similarity is lower than the threshold, an unregistered person ( It is determined that it is not the person.

Next, the operation in the above configuration will be described.
First, registration processing of dictionary information and passability information (traffic area information) will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG. In the following description, for example, it is assumed that the biometric matching device 11 registers dictionary information and passability information.

  In the biometric matching device 11, an attendant operates the input / output unit 103 to select a management menu (step S1), and displays dictionary registration screens to register dictionary information of passersby (registrants) 100. That is, first, the ID number and password of the passerby 100 are input (step S2). Next, the face image of the passerby (registrant) 100 is acquired by the camera 101, and the dictionary information is created by extracting a unique feature amount from the acquired face image by the feature extraction unit 107 (step S3). The created dictionary information is stored (registered) in the dictionary storage unit 108 in association with the previously input ID number and password (step S4).

  Next, for example, by displaying a pass / fail registration screen as shown in FIG. 4 on the input / output unit 103, pass / fail information of the passer (registrant) 100 (passers are allowed to pass to the pass gate). Passability information indicating whether or not there is) is registered (step S5). A specific example will be described. The display unit 31 in FIG. 4 shows a registration unit of passability information. For example, in the case of “passage allowed” for each pass gate, the number “1” is set. In the case of “impossible”, the number “0” is set. In FIG. 4, the display unit 32 indicates the ID number input first, and the display unit 33 indicates the face image registered first.

  Next, the passability information registered in this way is stored in the dictionary storage unit 108 in association with the corresponding dictionary information (ID number), for example. Next, the created dictionary information and registered passability information are distributed together with the corresponding ID number and password by the communication unit 110 to the other biometric matching devices 12, 13, and 14 via the network 15 (step S6).

  The biometric matching devices 12, 13, and 14 receive the dictionary information, passability information, ID number, and password distributed from the biometric matching device 11, store these in association in the dictionary storage unit 108, and each pass gate. It is used as information for determining whether or not traffic is allowed.

  Next, a first example of the pass / fail determination process using a face image will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG. In this first example, face images are collated first, and only whether the person is the person or not is determined based on the passability information. In the following description, for example, it is assumed that the biometric matching device 12 performs a passability determination process.

  When the passer-by 100 is positioned in front of the camera 101, a sensor (not shown) detects the detection, whereby the camera 101 captures an image of the passer-by 100 and sends it to the face detection unit 106 via the image input unit 105 (step S11). ). The face detection unit 106 detects a face area from the image captured by the camera 101, and detects the positions of face parts such as eyes, nose, and mouth from the detected face area.

  Next, the feature extraction unit 107 extracts a facial feature amount based on the position of the face part detected by the face detection unit 106, and sends it to the matching unit 109. The collation unit 109 obtains the similarity between both pieces of information by collating the facial feature amount extracted by the feature extraction unit 107 with the dictionary information in the dictionary storage unit 108 (step S12), and the obtained similarity is a threshold value. The passer 100 is determined to be the person (registered person), and when the obtained similarity is lower than the threshold, the passer 100 is determined not to be the person (unregistered person). (Step S13).

When it is determined in step S13 that the passer-by 100 is the person, the matching unit 109 refers to the pass / fail information corresponding to the dictionary information used for the determination in the dictionary storage unit 108 (step S14). The passer 100 is a passer who is allowed to pass through the pass gate (in this example, the biometric matching device 12 determines whether or not the pass is permitted, so that the pass of the electric lock 22). It is determined whether or not there is (step S15), and the determination result is sent to the gate control device 17.
If it is determined in step S13 that the passerby is not the person, the determination result is sent to the gate control device 17 without performing the passability determination process based on the passability information.

  In the gate control device 17, when the determination result sent from the biometric verification device 12 is a passer, the electric lock 22 is unlocked to allow the passer 100 to pass (step S16), and the determination result is passed. If the person is not an authorized person or the determination result is not the person himself / herself, the electric lock 22 is locked to prohibit the passage of the passerby 100 (step S17).

  Next, a second example of the passability determination process using the face image will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG. In this second example, the pass permission / prohibition information is first determined based on the pass permission information, and the face image is collated only when the person is a pass permitted person. In the following description, for example, it is assumed that the biometric matching device 11 performs a passability determination process.

  The passerby 100 inputs his / her ID number by operating the input / output unit 103 (step S21). Then, the collation unit 109 refers to the pass / fail information corresponding to the input ID number in the dictionary storage unit 108 (step S22), so that the passer-by 100 passes the pass gate (in this example, biometric collation). Since it is determined whether or not the device 11 is allowed to pass, it is determined whether or not the user is permitted to pass through (the pass gate of the electric lock 21) (step S23).

  As a result of this determination, if the passerby 100 is a passerby, the camera 101 captures an image of the passerby 100 and sends it to the face detector 106 via the image input unit 105 (step S24). The face detection unit 106 detects a face area from the image captured by the camera 101, and detects the positions of face parts such as eyes, nose, and mouth from the detected face area.

  Next, the feature extraction unit 107 extracts a facial feature amount based on the position of the face part detected by the face detection unit 106, and sends it to the matching unit 109. The collation unit 109 obtains the similarity between both pieces of information by collating the facial feature amount extracted by the feature extraction unit 107 with the dictionary information in the dictionary storage unit 108 (step S25), and the obtained similarity is a threshold value. The passer 100 is determined to be the person (registered person), and if the obtained similarity is lower than the threshold, the passer 100 is determined not to be the person (unregistered person). (Step S26), the determination result is sent to the gate control device 16.

  If it is determined in step S23 that the passer 100 is not a passer, the determination result is sent to the gate control device 16 without performing face image acquisition or collation processing.

  In the gate control device 16, when the determination result sent from the biometric verification device 11 is the person himself / herself, the electric lock 21 is unlocked and the passage of the passer-by 100 is permitted (step S 27), and the determination result is not the person himself / herself. Alternatively, if the determination result is not a passer, the electric lock 21 is locked to prohibit the passer 100 from passing (step S28).

  In this way, when registering passer-by-passenger dictionary information with the biometric matching device, by registering passer-by-passability information at the same time, registration of passer-by-passability information is performed separately from the conventional method. It is possible to perform the operation only by the operation of the biometric matching device without installing the device (host computer). As a result, the cost of the system configuration can be reduced.

  In the above embodiment, the case where the present invention is applied to a traffic management system including a plurality of biometric matching devices has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and is configured by at least one biometric matching device. Any traffic management system can be applied.

The block diagram which shows schematically the structure of the traffic management system which concerns on this Embodiment of this invention. The block diagram which shows the structure of a biometrics collation apparatus roughly. The flowchart explaining the registration process of dictionary information and passability information. The top view which shows an example of the passability registration screen displayed on an input / output part. The flowchart explaining the 1st example of the passability determination process using a face image. The flowchart explaining the 2nd example of the passability determination process using a face image.

Explanation of symbols

  11, 12, 13, 14 ... biometric verification device, 15 ... network (communication line), 16, 17, 18, 19 ... gate control device, 21, 22, 23, 24 ... electric lock (passage gate), 100 ... passage (A person to be collated, person), 101 ... camera (biological information acquisition means), 102 ... illumination section, 103 ... input / output section (specific information acquisition means), 104 ... processing section, 105 ... image input section (biological information acquisition) Means), 106 ... Face detection part, 107 ... Feature extraction part (feature extraction means), 108 ... Dictionary storage part (dictionary storage means), 109 ... Collation part (collation means, judgment means), 110 ... Communication part (communication means) ), 111... Control unit (control means).

Claims (8)

First biological information acquisition means for acquiring unique biological information of a passer-by,
Dictionary creating means for creating dictionary information from the biological information acquired by the first biological information acquiring means;
Dictionary storage means for storing dictionary information created by the dictionary creation means;
Passability information registration means for registering passability information indicating whether or not the passerby is allowed to pass to the passgate;
Second biological information acquisition means for acquiring the biological information unique to the passer-by,
Based on the biometric information acquired by the second biometric information acquisition means, the dictionary information stored in the dictionary storage means, and the passability information registered by the passability information registration means, the passability of the passerby is determined. A determination means;
Gate control means for controlling opening / closing of the entrance / exit passage gate based on the determination result of the determination means;
A traffic management system comprising: The determination means includes
Collating means for judging whether or not the passerby is the person by collating the biological information acquired by the second biological information acquiring means with the dictionary information stored in the dictionary storage means;
As a result of the collation by the collation means, if it is determined that the passer is the person, the passer is permitted to pass to the pass gate by referring to the pass / fail information registered by the pass / fail information registration means. Means for determining whether to pass or not,
The traffic management system according to claim 1, further comprising: The passability information registered by the passability information registration means is registered in correspondence with the specific information that identifies the passer,
The determination means includes
Specific information acquisition means for acquiring specific information for specifying a passerby;
It is determined whether the passer is permitted to pass to the pass gate by referring to the pass / fail information corresponding to the specific information acquired by the specific information acquiring unit registered by the pass / fail information registering unit. Means for determining whether to pass,
If the passer is permitted to pass through the pass gate as a result of the determination by the passability determination means, the biometric information acquired by the second biometric information acquisition means and the dictionary stored in the dictionary storage means Collating means for determining whether or not the passerby is the person by collating the information;
The traffic management system according to claim 1, further comprising: A plurality of biometric verification devices that determine whether or not the passer is allowed to pass based on the input biometric information unique to the passer, dictionary information registered in advance, and passability information, and the plurality of biometric verification devices and the communication line Connected and configured with a gate control device that controls opening / closing of the entrance / exit passage gate based on the determination result of the biometric matching device,
At least one first biometric matching device among the plurality of biometric matching devices is:
First biological information acquisition means for acquiring unique biological information of a passer-by,
Dictionary creating means for creating dictionary information from the biological information acquired by the first biological information acquiring means;
First storage means for storing dictionary information created by the dictionary creation means;
Passability information registration means for registering passability information indicating whether or not the passerby is allowed to pass to the passgate;
Second biological information acquisition means for acquiring the biological information unique to the passer-by,
The second biometric matching device other than the first biometric matching device, out of the plurality of biometric matching devices, includes the dictionary information created by the dictionary creating unit and the passability information registered by the passability information registering unit. Delivery means for delivering to,
Second biological information acquisition means for acquiring the biological information unique to the passer-by,
Based on the biometric information acquired by the second biometric information acquisition means, the dictionary information stored in the first storage means, and the passability information registered by the passability information registration means, the passability of the passerby is determined. First determining means for determining,
Of the plurality of biometric matching devices, other second biometric matching devices other than the first biometric matching device are:
Receiving means for receiving dictionary information and passability information distributed by the distribution means of the first biometric registration device;
Second storage means for storing the dictionary information and passability information received by the receiving means;
Third biological information acquisition means for acquiring unique biological information of a passer-by,
Second determination means for determining whether or not the passer is allowed to pass based on the biological information acquired by the third biological information acquisition means, the dictionary information stored in the second storage means, and the passability information. A traffic management system characterized by The first determination means includes
Collating means for determining whether or not the passerby is the person by comparing the biological information acquired by the second biological information acquiring means with the dictionary information stored in the first storage means;
As a result of the collation by the collation means, if it is determined that the passer is the person, the passer is permitted to pass to the pass gate by referring to the pass / fail information registered by the pass / fail information registration means. Means for determining whether to pass or not,
The traffic management system according to claim 4, further comprising: The passability information registered by the passability information registration means is registered in correspondence with the specific information that identifies the passer,
The first determination means includes
Specific information acquisition means for acquiring specific information for specifying a passerby;
It is determined whether the passer is permitted to pass to the pass gate by referring to the pass / fail information corresponding to the specific information acquired by the specific information acquiring unit registered by the pass / fail information registering unit. Means for determining whether to pass,
As a result of the determination by the passage permission determination unit, if the passer is permitted to pass through the passage gate, the passerby is stored in the biological information acquired by the second biological information acquisition unit and the first storage unit. Collation means for judging whether or not the passerby is the person himself by collating with the dictionary information,
The traffic management system according to claim 4, further comprising: The second determination means includes
Collating means for determining whether or not the passerby is the person by comparing the biological information acquired by the third biological information acquiring means with the dictionary information stored in the second storage means;
As a result of the collation by the collation means, if it is determined that the passer is the person, the passer is permitted to pass to the pass gate by referring to the pass / fail information stored in the second storage means. Means for determining whether to pass or not,
The traffic management system according to claim 4, further comprising: Passability information stored in the second storage means is stored in association with specific information for specifying the passer-by,
The second determination means includes
Specific information acquisition means for acquiring specific information for specifying a passerby;
It is determined whether or not the passer is permitted to pass to the pass gate by referring to the pass / fail information corresponding to the specific information acquired by the specific information acquiring unit stored in the second storage unit. Means for determining whether to pass,
As a result of the determination by the passage permission / inhibition determining means, if the passerby is permitted to pass through the passage gate, the passerby is stored in the biological information acquired by the third biological information acquisition means and the second storage means. Collation means for judging whether or not the passerby is the person himself by collating with the dictionary information,
The traffic management system according to claim 4, further comprising:

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