JP2006102638A - Static crushing method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a static crushing method for easily and efficiently crushing objects to be crushed, enabling quite safe and efficient crushing work. <P>SOLUTION: In this static crushing method, a hole 1 is drilled on the object to be crushed, an expandable crushing material is filled in the hole, and the object to be crushed is crushed by expansion of the crushing material. The crushing material is filled between a bottom plate 3 disposed in the drilled hole and a top plate 20, using the bottom plate 3, the top plate 20 having a larger area than the bottom plate and disposed outside the hole, and a connection means 23, 21 connecting both. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a static crushing method, and more particularly, to a static crushing method in which a crushing object is provided with perforations, an expandable crushing material is filled in the perforations, and the crushing object is crushed by expansion of the crushing material. .

Conventionally, as a method of crushing and repairing concrete surfaces such as roads and bridges that need to be repaired or repaired due to salt damage or aging due to long-term use, mechanical impact such as methods using a pick hammer or breaker, water jet method, etc. A method of crushing the concrete surface by applying vibration is adopted. The crushing method is a work involving vibrations, and there are problems such as the generation of dust such as concrete and deterioration of the working environment. Further, the crushing work on the lower surface or vertical surface of a structure such as a bridge is extremely labor intensive. Need. In addition, the lifting operation using the water jet requires a large-scale apparatus, and it takes time to clean up and is expensive. In particular, the crushing of concrete structures in water takes a lot of work in terms of work.
In addition, since these methods generate mechanical shock vibration, there is a possibility that cracks may occur inside unnecessary parts as well as necessary parts of concrete repair, and reinforcing members such as reinforcing bars may be damaged. There was a problem.

On the other hand, a method of statically crushing a structure such as concrete using an expansion material such as cement as a crushing material has been proposed. In patent document 1 thru | or patent document 3, in order to utilize the expansion | swelling pressure of the crushing material effectively, and the blowout prevention of the crushing material with which the crushing object was filled, crushing was carried out. The structure which hold | maintains a material between the two plate-shaped bodies which consist of a top plate and a bottom plate is disclosed.
JP 60-85193 A JP 61-36463 A JP 9-234389 A

  FIG. 1 shows a state of holding a conventional crushed material. As shown in FIG. 1, the bottom plate 3 and the top plate 4 are arranged in the perforation 1 with an auxiliary tool composed of connecting means that is a rod-like or string-like connecting material, and the bottom plate 3 and the top plate 4. In between, the expansible crushing material 2 is arrange | positioned. With this configuration, when the crushed material 2 expands, the pressure in the vertical direction is suppressed by the bottom plate 3 and the top plate 4, and the blowing of the crushed material from the perforation port is effectively suppressed. Moreover, due to the action of the bottom plate 3 and the top plate 4, the internal pressure mainly acts in a direction perpendicular to the drilling direction of the drilled portion (lateral direction in FIG. 1), and the object to be shredded can be easily shredded. Is possible. The state of the pressure acting on the inner wall of the perforation 1 at this time is shown in FIG.

  However, in order to prevent the top plate 4 from being lifted by the upward pressure of the expansible crushing material, the conventional one has the same area for the bottom plate and the top plate. Must be held by the bottom plate 3 and the top plate 4 so that there is no leakage, and the position of the top plate is disposed inside the perforation 1 as shown in FIG. In addition, when the perforation 1 is formed in the object to be crushed, a chipped portion 6 is likely to be generated in the perforation opening due to corner chipping or shaft runout of the drilling machine, and the position of the top plate 4 is further increased. It was supposed to be placed in.

  When such a conventional auxiliary tool is used, when the pressure distribution in the direction perpendicular to the drilling direction inside the drilling 1 is seen, as shown in FIG. The pressure distribution 10 is such that almost no expansion pressure is applied in the vicinity of the perforation opening (near the chipped portion 6). For this reason, the crushing operation is performed with pressure only from the inside of the crushing object, and the crushing takes time.

  The object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, enable easy and efficient crushing on the surface of a crushing object, and enable static crushing operations to be performed extremely safely and efficiently. It is to provide a crushing method.

The invention according to claim 1 is a static crushing method in which a crushing object is provided with perforations, the explosive crushing material is filled in the perforations, and the crushing object is crushed by expansion of the crushing material. When filling, a bottom plate disposed in the perforation, a top plate having a larger area than the bottom plate and disposed outside the perforation, and a connecting means for connecting the two are used to connect the bottom plate and the top plate. The crushed material is disposed in
Here, static crushing refers to crushing all or part of a building such as a rock or a concrete structure.

  Moreover, in the invention which concerns on Claim 2, in this static crushing method of Claim 1, this expansible crushing material is accommodated in the moisture-permeable bag body.

  Further, in the invention according to claim 3, in the static crushing method according to claim 2, the expandable crushing material is integrated with the bottom plate and the connecting means, or the bottom plate, the top plate and the connecting means, and is subjected to crushing. It is characterized by being loaded into a perforation of an object.

  Moreover, in the invention which concerns on Claim 4, in the static crushing method of Claim 2, this expandable crushing material is filled in the perforation | punching of a crushing object, after adding water, or unhydrated It is characterized by being hydrated after being filled in the perforations in a state.

  Further, in the invention according to claim 5, in the static crushing method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, the explosive crushing material is filled in the perforation of the crushing object, and then the bottom plate and the top plate are brought close to each other. And the filling rate of the crushed material between the bottom plate and the top plate is increased.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, when the crushed material is filled, the bottom plate disposed in the perforation and the top plate having a larger area than the bottom plate and disposed outside the perforation are used. Moreover, the expansion pressure of the crushed material can be effectively applied, and the occurrence of cracks on the surface of the crushed object can be accelerated.

  According to the invention of claim 2, since the expansible crushing material is accommodated in a moisture-permeable bag, the crushing material is easy to handle, and is disposed between the bottom plate and the top plate which are auxiliary tools. However, it can be performed very easily, and the workability of the crushing work can be further improved.

  According to the invention of claim 3, the expansible crushing material accommodated in the bag is integrated with the bottom plate and the connecting means, or the bottom plate and the top plate and the connecting means, and is loaded into the perforation of the crushing object. Along with the loading of the expandable crushing material, it becomes possible to efficiently load the static crushing auxiliary tool including the bottom plate, the top plate and the connecting means or a part thereof into the perforation of the crushing object.

  According to the invention of claim 4, the expandable crushing material accommodated in the bag body is filled in the perforations of the object to be crushed after adding water, or filled in the perforations in an unhydrated state. Since the water is added later, the conventional work of mixing the crushed material and water becomes unnecessary, and the safety of the operator can be improved.

  According to the invention of claim 5, after filling the explosive crushing material into the perforation of the crushing object, the bottom plate and the top plate are brought close to each other, and the filling rate of the crushing material between the bottom plate and the top plate is increased. Therefore, it becomes possible to express a stronger expansion pressure faster.

The static crushing method according to the present invention will be described with reference to the following preferred examples, but is not limited thereto.
The static crushing method of the present invention is a static crushing method in which a crushing object is provided with perforations, the explosive crushing material is filled in the perforations, and the crushing object is crushed by expansion of the crushing material. When filling the base plate, a bottom plate disposed in the perforation, a top plate having a larger area than the bottom plate and disposed outside the perforation, and a connecting means for connecting the two are used to connect the bottom plate and the top plate. It is characterized by arrange | positioning this crushed material between.

Specifically, the principle of the static crushing method of the present invention and the static crushing auxiliary tool used in the method will be described with reference to FIG.
A bottom plate 3 is disposed in the perforation 1 provided in the object to be crushed, and a connecting tool 23 coupled to the bottom plate with a bolt or the like is erected outside the perforation. The top plate 20 is connected to the upper part of the connection tool 23 by a push nut 21 or the like, and between the top plate 20 and the bottom plate 3, an expandable crushed material is filled in the perforated portion.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the top plate is configured to have an area larger than the area of the bottom plate, preferably larger than the area of the mouth portion of the perforation 1, and by disposing the top plate 20 outside the perforation 1, A sufficient expansible crushing material can also be filled and arranged in the vicinity of the perforated opening where the chipped portion 6 of the perforated 1 is generated. And the upward pressure of the expansion pressure of the crushed material is suppressed by the top plate 20, and it becomes possible to generate a crushing force much stronger than the conventional one around the perforation port. For reference, a pressure distribution 22 in a direction perpendicular to the drilling direction is schematically shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 3, in the present invention, since the area of the top plate is larger than the area of the bottom plate, the upper force applied to the top plate becomes larger than the lower force applied to the bottom plate due to the expansion of the crushed material, Although there is a concern about floating, in reality, the frictional force between the crushed material and the inner wall surface of the perforation 1 increases due to the lateral expansion of the crushed material, so it is confirmed that there is almost no lifting of the top plate. ing.

  In this way, by effectively applying the expansion pressure of the crushed material also in the vicinity of the mouth of the perforation, the occurrence of cracks on the surface side of the object to be crushed is accelerated, and as a result, the crushing time is shortened.

  In addition, various types of configurations can be added to the static crushing auxiliary tool. For example, the top plate 20 is made of a mountain washer or the like, and the perforation 1 is covered on the perforation 1 side of the crushing object. It is also possible to form a recess, increase the capacity of the expandable crushed material near the top plate, and further increase the expansion pressure near the mouth of the perforation. Various shapes can be used for the top plate 20, but for example, as shown in FIG. 6, even when a circular flat plate is used as the top plate 30, the strength and area of the top plate are adjusted, The pressure of the expandable crushing material 2 can be applied to the periphery of the mouth of the perforation 1 by the top plate.

  Further, by configuring the top plate 20 so as to be detachable with respect to the connecting tool 23, or close to or away from the direction of the bottom plate 3, as described in the description of the subsequent static crushing method, It is also possible to work with the bottom plate 3 and the connecting tool 23 as separate bodies, and it is possible to achieve improved workability. In particular, when the top plate is placed close to the bottom plate with the expansible crushing material placed between the top plate and the bottom plate, the filling rate of the expansive crushing material is increased and a faster and stronger expansion pressure is expressed. It becomes possible to make it.

  As a connecting means, a rod-like connecting material such as a bolt or a string-like connecting material such as a wire can be used. The connection between the connecting material and the bottom plate is a fixing method using a hook or nut, or a pin is inserted into the connecting material. Various methods such as a method of restricting the movement of the bottom plate and a method of fixing by welding or an adhesive can be employed.

  On the other hand, for the connection between the top plate and the connecting material, nuts and pins can be used, but preferably, as shown in FIG. By using the push nut 26 that can be locked, the push nut 26 is moved and adjusted as necessary, and the top plate 20 is attached to and detached from the connecting means or moved along the connecting means without using a special tool. Make it possible.

Next, the static crushing method according to the present invention will be described.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view in which an inflatable crush material (not shown) is accommodated in the bag body 25 and a static crushing auxiliary tool is attached.
Specifically, the bottom plate 3 to which the connecting tool 23 of the connecting means is attached is inserted into the bag body 25, and the bag body is filled with the static crushing material. The opening of the bag body 25 is closed by appropriate fastening means such as heat sealing, and the top plate 20, the washer 24, and the push nut 26 are attached to the connecting tool 23 protruding from the bag body 25.

A method in which the expansible crushing material is accommodated in a bag having moisture permeability such as a nonwoven fabric or a fibrous net and is used by being divided into capsules is simple and has high safety to the operator.
Further, in addition to the one shown in FIG. 4, it is also possible to pierce and attach the connecting tool to the capsule-like expansible crushing material, but in this case, at the place where the connecting tool of the bag passes, Since an opening is formed and the risk of leakage of the expandable crushed material from the opening increases, it is preferable to accommodate the bottom plate 3 and the like in the bag as shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the expansible crushing material to which the auxiliary tool of FIG. 4 is attached is installed inside the perforation 1 formed in the crushing object. After the static crushing auxiliary tool is loaded in the perforation 1, the push nut is moved so that the top plate 20 and the bottom plate 3 are brought close to each other so as to increase the packing density of the expandable crushing material 2 disposed between them. adjust. By this filling operation, it is possible to accelerate the generation of the expansion pressure of the crushed material, and to effectively generate a high expansion pressure in a direction perpendicular to the drilling direction (lateral direction in the figure).

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 7A, the static crushing auxiliary tool integrated with the bag body containing the expandable crushing material is inserted into the perforation 1 of the crushing object. The static crushing auxiliary tool is smoothly inserted into the perforation 1 by making the outer diameter d of the bag body that accommodates the bottom plate 3 and part of the connecting tool and the expandable crushing material 2 smaller than the inner diameter D of the perforation 1. It becomes possible to do. Thereafter, the push nut 21 is operated to bring the top plate 20 close to the bottom plate, whereby the entire bag body is compressed in the vertical direction in the figure, and the inflatable crushing material 2 accommodated in the bag body is moved in the lateral direction. As a result, as shown in FIG. 7B, the inside of the perforation can be filled with the crushed material 2.

  Then, water is added to the bag body containing the expansible crushing material, and the expansion reaction of the crushing material is started. Note that the timing of adding water is not limited to the case where the attachment of the auxiliary tool or the like into the perforation is completed, and the bag body 25 can be accommodated in the perforation 1 with water added, or the bag can be stored. It is also possible to accommodate the body 25 in the perforation 1 and add water before tightening the top plate 20.

  Moreover, about the positional relationship with the crushing target object of the top plate 20, the top plate 20 does not necessarily need to closely_contact | adhere to the surface of a crushing target object. For example, even if a gap is formed between the two, as the expandable crushed material expands, the gap between the two is filled. As a result, the top plate 20 causes the internal pressure to reach around the mouth of the perforation 1. It becomes possible to generate crushing such as cracks from the vicinity of the mouth of the perforation.

  The top plate connected to the connection tool is pressed in the direction of the bottom plate by a push nut or the like, and adjusted so that the expandable crushing material is filled between the top plate and the bottom plate without any gap. Thereby, it becomes possible to raise the filling rate of an expansible crushing material, and to express a stronger expansion pressure faster.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the static crushing method that enables efficient crushing on the surface of a crushing object and enables crushing operations to be performed extremely safely and efficiently. Can be provided.

It is a figure which shows the crushing construction method using the conventional auxiliary tool for static crushing. It is a schematic diagram which shows the state of the internal pressure by the crushed material of FIG. It is a schematic diagram which shows the internal pressure state in the static crushing method which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows the state which mounted | wore with the static crushing auxiliary tool to the bag body which accommodated the expansible crushing material used for the static crushing method which concerns on this invention. FIG. 5 is a view showing a state where the static crushing auxiliary tool of FIG. 4 is housed in a perforation 1. It is a figure which shows the loading state of the auxiliary tool for static crushing at the time of utilizing a circular flat plate for a top plate. It is a figure which shows a mode that the auxiliary tool for static crushing is inserted in a piercing | piercing, and the crushing material is filled in a piercing | piercing.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Perforation formed in the crushing object 2 Expandable crushing material 3 Bottom plate 4,20,30 Top plate 5,23 Connecting tool 6 Chip part 10,22 Pressure distribution 25 Bag body 21,26 Push nut

Claims (5)

In the static crushing method in which the crushing object is provided with perforations, the explosive crushing material is filled in the perforations, and the crushing object is crushed by the expansion of the crushing material,
When filling the crushed material, a bottom plate disposed in the perforation, a top plate having a larger area than the bottom plate and disposed outside the perforation, and a connecting means for connecting the two are used. A static crushing method characterized by disposing the crushing material between plates.   2. The static crushing method according to claim 1, wherein the expandable crushing material is accommodated in a bag having moisture permeability.   3. The static crushing method according to claim 2, wherein the expandable crushing material is integrated with a bottom plate and a connecting means, or a bottom plate, a top plate and a connecting means, and is loaded into a perforation of a crushing object. Static crushing method.   3. The static crushing method according to claim 2, wherein the expandable crushing material is filled in the puncture of the object to be crushed after adding water, or after being filled in the puncture in an unhydrated state. A static crushing method characterized by being watered. In the static crushing method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, after the explosive crushing material is filled in the perforation of the crushing object, the bottom plate and the top plate are brought close to each other, and the bottom plate and the top plate are placed between them. A static crushing method characterized by increasing a filling rate of the crushing material.

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