JP2006101237A - Receiver, transmitter, base station apparatus and calibration method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent deterioration of radio characteristics for communication, to enlarge C/N characteristics of a calibration circuit and to stabilize an estimate value of an antenna arrival direction. <P>SOLUTION: A control unit 102 controls bypass switches 105-1 to 105-n so as to change over the switches based on a result of comparison between a receiving level and a threshold. Multiplex/distribution circuits 104-1 to 104-n distribute a reception signal. the bypass switches 105-1 to 105-n change over the case of passing the reception signal and the case of not passing the reception signal under control of the control unit 102. Amplification units 106-1 to 106-n amplify the reception signal/Multiplex/distribution circuits 107-1 to 107-n distribute the reception signal. A wireless circuit 110 for calibration performs calibration of array antennas. A wireless circuit 112 for calibration performs calibration of array antennas. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a receiving apparatus, a transmitting apparatus, a base station apparatus, and a calibration method, and more particularly to a receiving apparatus, a transmitting apparatus, a base station apparatus, and a calibration method that calibrate a radio circuit without interrupting communication.

  A communication device is known that can calibrate a radio circuit without interrupting communication by providing a calibration circuit in addition to the radio circuit for communication and superimposing a reference signal or branching the communication signal to the calibration circuit. (For example, Patent Document 1).

  FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a conventional transmission / reception apparatus. 13 includes an array antenna 10, multiplexing / distribution circuits 20-1 to 20-n corresponding to the number n of antenna elements (n is an integer equal to or greater than 1), radio transmission / reception units 30-1 to 30-n, and multiplexing. / Distribution circuits 40-1 to 40-n, user signal processing units 50-1 to 50-n corresponding to the number of users n (n is an integer equal to or greater than 1), multiplexing / distribution circuit 60, calibration signal transmission / reception processing unit 70, , A calibration signal processing unit 80 and a calibration interval determination unit 90.

  The array antenna 10 includes n antenna elements 11-1 to 11-n arranged in close proximity so that RF (radio frequency) transmission / reception signals of the antenna elements have a correlation.

  Multiplex / distribution circuits 20-1 to 20-n receive the antenna elements 11-1 to 11-n and the calibration signal of the multiplexing / distribution circuit 60 at the time of reception, perform multiplexing in the radio frequency band, and perform radio transmission / reception. Output to each of the units 30-1 to 30-n. At the time of transmission, the radio transmission / reception units 30-1 to 30-n multiplexed with calibration signals are input, distributed to the antenna elements 11-1 to n and the multiplexing / distribution circuit 60, and output.

  Radio transceivers 30-1 to 30-n receive the outputs of multiplexing / distribution circuits 20-1 to 20-n at the time of reception, low noise amplification, frequency conversion from radio frequency band to base frequency band, quadrature detection, analog / digital conversion Are output to the multiplexing / distribution circuits 40-1 to 40-n. Also, the wireless transceivers 30-1 to 30-n receive the outputs of the multiplexing / distribution circuits 40-1 to 40-n at the time of transmission, digital / analog conversion, orthogonal modulation, frequency conversion from the base frequency band to the radio frequency band, and Power conversion after conversion is performed, and the result is output to multiplexing / distribution circuits 20-1 to 20-n.

  Multiplex / distribution circuits 40-1 to 40-n receive radio transmission / reception units 30-1 to 30-n upon reception, perform distribution in the base frequency band, and output to user signal processing units 50-1 to 50-n for each user. At the same time, it is output to the calibration signal processing unit 80. At the time of transmission, the user signal processing units 50-1 to 50-n and the calibration signal processing unit 80 outputs for each user are input, multiplexed at an intermediate frequency, and output to the radio transmission / reception units 30-1 to 30-n.

  The user signal processing units 50-1 to 50-n receive the multiplexing / distribution circuits 40-1 to 40-n at the time of reception, and are formed while performing correction using the amplitude / phase information of the calibration signal processing unit 80 output. A user signal based on the directivity pattern is output. At the time of transmission, a signal based on a transmission directivity pattern formed while correcting a user signal input from the outside using amplitude / phase information is output.

  Multiplex / distribution circuit 60 receives the output of calibration signal transmission / reception processing unit 70 at the time of reception, performs distribution in the radio frequency band, and outputs the result to each of multiplexing / distribution circuits 20-1 to 20-n. At the time of transmission, each of the multiplexing / distribution circuits 20-1 to 20 -n is input, multiplexed in the radio frequency band, and output to the calibration signal transmission / reception processing unit 70.

  The calibration signal transmission / reception processing unit 70 receives the output of the calibration signal processing unit 80 at the time of reception, performs digital / analog conversion, frequency conversion from the base frequency band to the radio frequency band, and the like, and outputs it to the multiplexing / distribution circuit 60. To do. Also, the calibration signal transmission / reception processing unit 70 receives the output of the multiplexing / distribution circuit 60 at the time of transmission, performs frequency conversion from the radio frequency band to the base frequency band, analog / digital conversion, and the like, and the calibration signal processing unit 80 Output to.

  The calibration signal processing unit 80 generates a calibration signal in a burst manner in the base frequency band based on the calibration interval information output from the calibration interval determination unit 90, and outputs the calibration signal to the calibration signal transmission / reception processing unit 70 at the time of reception. At the time of transmission, the data is output to the multiplexing / distribution circuits 40-1 to 40-n. Also, the calibration signal processing unit 80 receives the outputs of the multiplexing / distribution circuits 40-1 to 40-n at the time of reception and the outputs of the calibration signal transmission / reception processing unit 70 at the time of transmission, and corresponds to the radio transmission / reception units 30-1 to 30-n. A difference between the extracted n calibration signals and the original calibration signal output from the calibration signal processing unit 80 is detected, n amplitude / phase information is obtained, and the user signal processing units 50-1 to 50-n And output to each of the calibration interval determination unit 90.

The calibration interval determination unit 90 receives the amplitude / phase information that is the output of the calibration signal processing unit 80, and determines to make the calibration interval as long as possible within a range where the calibration accuracy satisfies a certain standard. And output to the calibration signal processing unit 80 as calibration interval information.
JP 2002-353865 A

  However, in the conventional apparatus, when the multiplexing / distribution circuits 20-1 to 20-n are provided directly below the array antenna 10, there is a problem that the wireless characteristics for communication are deteriorated due to the passage loss of the multiplexing / distribution circuits 20-1 to 20-n. is there. That is, the current loss of the high-frequency power amplifier increases due to the passage loss of the multiplexing / distribution circuits 20-1 to 20-n, the leakage power of the adjacent channel of the transmission wave increases, and the noise figure of the receiver increases. is there.

  Further, in the conventional apparatus, as shown in FIG. 14, the desired signal power to noise power ratio (hereinafter referred to as “C / N”) as the degree of coupling # 1401 increases (below in FIG. 14). Becomes larger and the C / N characteristics are improved, but there is a problem that the passage loss # 1402 becomes larger. That is, if the coupling degree # 1401 of the multiplexing / distribution circuits 20-1 to 20-n is increased in order to increase the C / N characteristic of the calibration circuit, the passing loss # 1402 of the multiplexing / distribution circuits 20-1 to 20n increases. There is a problem that the wireless characteristics for communication are deteriorated. Further, if the coupling degree # 1401 of the multiplexing / distribution circuits 20-1 to 20-n is reduced in order to reduce the passing loss # 1402 of the multiplexing / distribution circuits 20-1 to 20-n, the C / N characteristics of the calibration circuit are reduced. There is a problem that the estimated value of the antenna arrival direction becomes unstable.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and can prevent deterioration of radio characteristics for communication, increase C / N characteristics of a calibration circuit, and stabilize an estimated value of an antenna arrival direction. An object of the present invention is to provide a receiving device, a transmitting device, a base station device, and a calibration method.

  The receiving apparatus of the present invention selects an array antenna composed of a plurality of antenna elements, and a case where received signals received by the antenna elements are distributed to a plurality of sequences based on reception quality. Distributing selection means for performing, amplifying means for amplifying a part of the received signals distributed by the distribution selecting means or received signals not distributed by the distribution selecting means, and distributing the received signals amplified by the amplifying means And a plurality of antennas based on the received signal distributed by the distribution selecting means and not amplified by the amplifying means or received signals distributed by the distributing means without being distributed by the distribution selecting means And a calibration means for controlling the phase or amplitude between the elements.

  According to this configuration, by selecting the received signal distributed before amplification and the received signal distributed after amplification based on the reception quality, and calibrating the phase or amplitude of the array antenna using the selected received signal, Since it is possible to eliminate the influence of the passage loss due to the distribution of the received signal directly under the antenna, it is possible to prevent the deterioration of the radio characteristics for communication and to increase the C / N characteristic of the calibration circuit and to arrive at the antenna. The direction estimate can be stabilized.

  The transmission apparatus of the present invention includes a distribution unit that distributes a transmission signal into a plurality of streams, an amplification unit that amplifies a part of the transmission signal distributed by the distribution unit, and the transmission that is amplified by the amplification unit A distribution selection unit that selects, based on communication quality, a case in which a signal is distributed to a plurality of sequences and a case in which a transmission signal amplified by the amplification unit is not distributed; and a transmission signal distributed by the distribution selection unit, or A transmission means for transmitting a transmission signal not distributed by the distribution selection means from an array antenna having a plurality of antenna elements; a transmission signal distributed by the distribution means and not amplified by the amplification means; or by the distribution selection means And a calibration means for controlling the phase or amplitude between the antenna elements from the distributed transmission signal.

  According to this configuration, by selecting the received signal distributed before amplification and the received signal distributed after amplification based on the communication quality, and calibrating the phase or amplitude of the array antenna using the selected received signal, Since it is possible to eliminate the influence of the transmission loss due to the distribution of the transmission signal directly under the antenna, it is possible to prevent the deterioration of the radio characteristics for communication and to increase the C / N characteristic of the calibration circuit, and to arrive at the antenna. The direction estimate can be stabilized.

  The calibration method of the present invention includes a step of selecting, based on reception quality, a case where a received signal received by a plurality of antenna elements of an array antenna is distributed to a plurality of sequences and a case where the received signal is not distributed, Amplifying a part of the received signals that have been or are not distributed, a step of distributing the received signals that have been amplified, and the received signals that have been distributed and not amplified or not being distributed before amplification but after amplification And controlling the phase or amplitude between the plurality of antenna elements based on the distributed received signal.

  According to this method, by selecting the received signal distributed before amplification and the received signal distributed after amplification based on the reception quality, and calibrating the phase or amplitude of the array antenna using the selected received signal, Since it is possible to eliminate the influence of the passage loss due to the distribution of the received signal directly under the antenna, it is possible to prevent the deterioration of the radio characteristics for communication and to increase the C / N characteristic of the calibration circuit and to arrive at the antenna. The direction estimate can be stabilized.

  The calibration method of the present invention includes a step of distributing a transmission signal to a plurality of sequences, a step of amplifying a part of the distributed transmission signals, a case of distributing the amplified transmission signals to a plurality of sequences, and amplification Selecting a case where the transmitted signal is not distributed based on communication quality, transmitting a transmission signal distributed after amplification or a transmission signal not distributed after amplification from an array antenna having a plurality of antenna elements, and amplification And a step of controlling the phase or amplitude between the antenna elements based on a transmission signal distributed before being amplified and a transmission signal distributed after amplification.

  According to this method, by selecting a received signal distributed before amplification and a received signal distributed after amplification based on communication quality, and calibrating the phase or amplitude of the array antenna using the selected received signal, Since it is possible to eliminate the influence of the transmission loss due to the distribution of the transmission signal directly under the antenna, it is possible to prevent the deterioration of the radio characteristics for communication and to increase the C / N characteristic of the calibration circuit, and to arrive at the antenna. The direction estimate can be stabilized.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to prevent deterioration of radio characteristics for communication, increase C / N characteristics of a calibration circuit, and stabilize an estimated value of the antenna arrival direction.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of receiving apparatus 100 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

  The storage unit 101 outputs the stored reception level reference value to the control unit 102.

  The control unit 102 compares the reception level measurement result input from the reception level measurement unit 113 described later with the reference value input from the storage unit 101. And the control part 102 performs control for switching ON and OFF of the bypass switches 105-1 to 105-n based on the comparison result. Specifically, the control unit 102 controls the bypass switches 105-1 to 105-n to be turned off when the reception level is equal to or higher than the reference value, and when the reception level is lower than the reference value. The bypass switches 105-1 to 105-n are controlled to be turned on.

  Antenna elements 103-1 to 103-n output the received signals received to multiplexing / distribution circuits 104-1 to 104-n or bypass switches 105-1 to 105-n. The plurality of antenna elements 103-1 to 103-n constitute an array antenna.

  Multiplex / distribution circuits 104-1 to 104-n distribute the received signals input from antenna elements 103-1 to 103-n to a plurality of paths. Then, multiplexing / distribution circuits 104-1 to 104-n output the distributed received signals to amplification sections 106-1 to 106-n and multiplexing / distribution circuit 109.

  The bypass switches 105-1 to 105-n select whether or not to allow the reception signals output from the antenna elements 103-1 to 103-n to pass based on the control of the control unit 102 by switching the switches. Multiplex / distribution circuits 104-1 to 104-n and bypass switches 105-1 to 105-n constitute distribution selection means for selecting whether or not to distribute received signals.

  The amplifying units 106-1 to 106-n are, for example, LNAs (Low Noise Amps), which are part of the distributed reception signals input from the multiplexing / distribution circuits 104-1 to 104-n or the bypass switch 105-1. -10-n amplifies the undistributed received signal input without passing through the multiplexing / distribution circuits 104-1 to 104-n and outputs the amplified signals to the multiplexing / distribution circuits 107-1 to 107-n.

  Multiplex / distribution circuits 107-1 to 107-n serving as distribution means distribute the reception signals input from the amplification units 106-1 to 106-n to a plurality of paths. Then, the multiplexing / distribution circuits 107-1 to 107-n output the distributed reception signals to the reception circuits 108-1 to 108-n and the multiplexing / distribution circuit 111.

  Receiving circuits 108-1 to 108-n perform orthogonal demodulation and analog / digital (hereinafter referred to as “A / D”) conversion on the received signals input from multiplexing / distribution circuits 107-1 to 107-n. And output to the reception level measuring unit 113 and the digital signal processing unit 114. In the receiving circuits 108-1 to 108-n, for example, a direct demodulation (conversion) method is used.

  The multiplexing / distribution circuit 109 synthesizes the reception signals input from the multiplexing / distribution circuits 104-1 to 104-n and outputs them to the calibration radio circuit 110.

  The calibration radio circuit 110 which is a calibration means, when realizing an adaptive array antenna (hereinafter referred to as “AAA”) system, receives each antenna element 103-1 to 103-n from the received signal input from the multiplexing / distribution circuit 109. Calibration is performed by obtaining a phase difference or amplitude difference between them and instructing the digital signal processing unit 114 to perform amplitude / phase control of the plurality of antenna elements 103-1 to 103-n.

  Multiplex / distribution circuit 111 synthesizes the reception signals input from multiplexing / distribution circuits 107-1 to 107-n and outputs them to calibration radio circuit 112.

  When realizing the AAA system, the calibration radio circuit 112 as the calibration means obtains the phase difference or amplitude difference between the antenna elements 103-1 to 103-n from the received signal input from the multiplexing / distribution circuit 111, and Calibration is performed by instructing the digital signal processing unit 114 to control the amplitude or phase of the plurality of antenna elements 103-1 to 103-n.

  The reception level measurement unit 113 measures the reception level from the reception signals input from the reception circuits 108-1 to 108-n, and outputs measurement result information to the control unit 102.

  The digital signal processing unit 114 performs digital demodulation, despreading, synchronization processing, and the like on the reception signals input from the reception circuits 108-1 to 108-n. Further, the digital signal processing unit 114 corrects the amplitude or phase at the time of reception of the antenna elements 103-1 to 103-n according to an instruction from the calibration radio circuit 110 or the calibration radio circuit 112.

  Next, a calibration method in the receiving apparatus 100 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a calibration method.

  Control unit 102 compares the reception level measured by reception level measurement unit 113 with a reference value, and determines whether or not the reception level is equal to or higher than the reference value (step ST201). When the reception level is equal to or higher than the reference value, control unit 102 controls to turn off bypass switches 105-1 to 105-n (step ST202). Next, the calibration radio circuit 110 receives the antenna elements 103-1 to 103-n from the received signals distributed by the multiplexing / distribution circuits 104-1 to 104-n and synthesized by the multiplexing / distribution circuit 109. After obtaining the amplitude difference or phase difference between them, calibration is performed by controlling the amplitude or phase (step ST203).

  On the other hand, when the reception level is not equal to or higher than the reference value in step ST201, the control unit 102 controls the bypass switches 105-1 to 105-n to be turned on (step ST204). Next, the calibration radio circuit 112 receives the antenna elements 103-1 to 103-n from the received signals distributed by the multiplexing / distribution circuits 107-1 to 107-n and synthesized by the multiplexing / distribution circuit 111. After obtaining the amplitude difference or phase difference between them, calibration is performed by controlling the amplitude or phase (step ST205). When calibration is performed by the calibration radio circuit 110, calibration between the multiplexing / distribution circuits 104-1 to 104-n and the digital signal processing unit 114 can be performed, and calibration is performed by the calibration radio circuit 112. Can be calibrated between the multiplexing / distribution circuits 107-1 to 107-n and the digital signal processing unit 114.

  Next, the C / N characteristics of the calibration radio circuit 110 and the calibration radio circuit 112 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating C / N characteristics # 301 when the bypass switches 105-1 to 105-n are turned on and C / N characteristics # 302 when they are turned off.

  As shown in FIG. 3, when the reception level is equal to or higher than the reference value R1, the bypass switches 105-1 to 105-n are turned off, and the C / N characteristic at the time of calibration is C / N characteristic # 302. On the other hand, when the reception level is less than the reference value R1, the bypass switches 105-1 to 105-n are turned on, so the C / N characteristic at the time of calibration is C / N characteristic # 301. By setting the reference value R1 of the reception level at the intersection of the C / N lower limit value S1 and the C / N characteristic # 302 that can be accepted in order to achieve a predetermined direction-of-arrival estimation accuracy, The N characteristic can be maintained above a predetermined value. In other words, when the bypass switches 105-1 to 105-n are OFF, the bypass switches 105-1 to 105-n are turned ON even if the reception level falls below the reference value R1 due to the decrease in the reception level. Thus, the C / N characteristic # 301 can be shifted to, so that the C / N can always be maintained at the lower limit value S1 or more. Thus, the region # 303 where the reception level is equal to or higher than the reference value R1 uses the C / N characteristic # 302, and the region # 304 where the reception level is lower than the reference value R1 uses the C / N characteristic # 301.

  4, when the circuit 402 has the noise figure NF1 and the gain G1, the circuit 403 has the noise figure NF2 and the gain G2, and the circuit 404 has the noise figure NF3 and the gain G3, the total noise figure of the circuits 402 to 404 is Equation (1) is obtained.

NF = NF1 + (NF2-1) / G1 + (NF3-1) / (G1 × G2) (1)
Where NF is the total noise figure

  Therefore, since the noise figure becomes smaller in the order of the circuit 402, the circuit 403, and the circuit 404, that is, the circuit farther from the antenna 401, the influence of the noise figure in the receiving device is smaller as the multiplexing / distribution circuit is arranged at a position farther from the antenna. Become.

  As described above, according to the first embodiment, when the reception level is lower than the reference value, the phase or amplitude of the array antenna is calibrated from the received signal distributed after amplification without distributing the received signal directly under the antenna. By doing so, it is not affected by the passage loss due to the distribution of the received signal directly under the antenna, so it is possible to prevent an increase in current consumption when amplifying the received signal and to reduce the noise figure of the entire circuit. Therefore, it is possible to prevent deterioration of communication wireless characteristics. Further, according to the first embodiment, since it is not affected by the passage loss due to the distribution of the received signal directly under the antenna, the degree of coupling of the multiplexing / distribution circuit can be increased, so that the C at the time of calibration / N characteristic deterioration can be prevented. Also, according to the first embodiment, when the reception level that is less affected by the passage loss is equal to or higher than the reference value, the phase or amplitude of the array antenna is calibrated from the received signal distributed immediately below the antenna, so Since the coupling degree of the distribution circuit can be increased, the C / N characteristic at the time of calibration can be increased, and the estimated value of the antenna arrival direction can be stabilized. Further, according to the first embodiment, since the passing loss from the amplifying unit to the antenna element can be reduced, the required electrical specifications can be relaxed, so that the system design of the radio unit is easy. Can be.

(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a configuration of transmitting apparatus 500 according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

  The digital signal processing unit 501 performs digital modulation, spreading, code multiplexing, synchronization processing, and the like on the transmission signal. Further, the digital signal processing unit 501 corrects the amplitude or phase at the time of transmission of the antenna elements 509-1 to 509-n according to an instruction from a calibration radio circuit 511 or a calibration radio circuit 513 described later. Further, the digital signal processing unit 501 outputs information on the transmission level set in the transmission signal to the control unit 503.

  The storage unit 502 outputs the stored transmission level reference value to the control unit 503.

  The control unit 503 compares the transmission level input from the digital signal processing unit 501 with the reference value input from the storage unit 502. And the control part 503 performs control for switching ON and OFF of the bypass switches 508-1 to 508-n based on the comparison result. Specifically, the control unit 503 controls the bypass switches 508-1 to 508-n to be turned off when the transmission level is equal to or higher than the reference value, and when the transmission level is lower than the reference value. The bypass switches 508-1 to 508-n are controlled to be turned on.

  The transmission circuits 504-1 to 504-n perform orthogonal modulation and digital / analog (hereinafter referred to as “D / A”) conversion on the transmission signal input from the digital signal processing unit 501, and a multiplexing / distribution circuit. Output to 505-1 to 505-n. In the transmission circuits 504-1 to 504-n, for example, a direct modulation method is used.

  Multiplex / distribution circuits 505-1 to 505-n serving as distribution means distribute the transmission signals input from the transmission circuits 504-1 to 504-n to a plurality of paths. Multiplex / distribution circuits 505-1 to 505-n output the distributed transmission signals to amplification units 506-1 to 506-n and multiplexing / distribution circuit 510.

  The amplifying units 506-1 to 506-n amplify a part of the distributed transmission signal input from the multiplexing / distribution circuits 505-1 to 505-n to multiplex / distribute circuits 507-1 to 507-n and bypass. Output to the switches 508-1 to 508-n.

  The multiplexing / distribution circuits 507-1 to 507-n distribute the transmission signals input from the amplification units 506-1 to 506-n to a plurality of paths. The multiplexing / distribution circuits 507-1 to 507-n output the distributed transmission signals to the antenna elements 509-1 to 509-n.

  The bypass switches 508-1 to 508-n select whether or not to allow the reception signals output from the amplification units 506-1 to 506-n to pass based on the control of the control unit 503 by switching the switches. The multiplexing / distribution circuits 507-1 to 507-n and the bypass switches 508-1 to 508-n constitute distribution selection means for selecting whether or not to distribute the transmission signal.

  The antenna elements 509-1 to 509-n are transmission signals input from the multiplexing / distribution circuits 507-1 to 507-n or multiplexing / distribution circuits 507-1 to 507 input from the bypass switches 508-1 to 508-n. -Directive transmission of transmission signals not passing through -n. The plurality of antenna elements 509-1 to 509-n constitute an array antenna.

  Multiplex / distribution circuit 510 synthesizes the reception signals input from multiplexing / distribution circuits 505-1 to 505-n and outputs them to calibration radio circuit 511.

  When realizing the AAA system, the calibration radio circuit 511 as calibration means obtains the phase difference or amplitude difference between the antenna elements 509-1 to 509-n from the transmission signal input from the multiplexing / distribution circuit 510, and Calibration is performed by instructing the digital signal processing unit 501 to perform amplitude / phase control of the plurality of antenna elements 509-1 to 509-n.

  The multiplexing / distribution circuit 512 synthesizes the reception signals input from the multiplexing / distribution circuits 507-1 to 507-n and outputs the synthesized signals to the calibration radio circuit 513.

  When realizing the AAA system, the calibration radio circuit 513 as the calibration means obtains the phase difference or amplitude difference between the antenna elements 509-1 to 509-n from the transmission signal inputted from the multiplexing / distribution circuit 512, and Calibration is performed by instructing the digital signal processing unit 501 to control the amplitude or phase of the plurality of antenna elements 509-1 to 509-n.

  Next, a calibration method in transmission apparatus 500 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a calibration method.

  Control section 503 compares the transmission level with the reference value to determine whether or not the transmission level is equal to or higher than the reference value (step ST601). When the transmission level is equal to or higher than the reference value, control unit 503 performs control so that bypass switches 508-1 to 508-n are turned off (step ST602). Next, the calibration radio circuit 513 receives the antenna elements 509-1 to 509-n from the transmission signals distributed by the multiplexing / distribution circuits 507-1 to 507-n and synthesized by the multiplexing / distribution circuit 512. After obtaining the amplitude difference or phase difference between them, calibration is performed by controlling the amplitude or phase (step ST603).

  On the other hand, when the transmission level is not equal to or higher than the reference value in step ST601, the control unit 503 controls the bypass switches 508-1 to 508-n to be turned on (step ST604). Next, the calibration radio circuit 511 receives the antenna elements 509-1 to 509-n from the transmission signals distributed by the multiplexing / distribution circuits 505-1 to 505-n and synthesized by the multiplexing / distribution circuit 510. After obtaining the amplitude difference or phase difference between them, calibration is performed by controlling the amplitude or phase (step ST605). When calibration is performed by the calibration radio circuit 513, calibration between the multiplexing / distribution circuits 507-1 to 507-n and the digital signal processing unit 501 can be performed, and calibration is performed by the calibration radio circuit 511. Can be calibrated between the multiplexing / distribution circuits 505-1 to 505-n and the digital signal processing unit 501.

  Next, regarding the relationship between the passing loss of the multiplexing / distribution circuits 507-1 to 507-n and the amplification amount of the amplifiers 506-1 to 506-n, for example, 5 W is output as the output power of the antenna elements 509-1 to 509-n. Will be described. From FIG. 7, in the case 1 where the input power of the transmission signal input to the amplifiers 506-1 to 506-n is 1 mW and the pass / loss of the multiplexing / distribution circuits 507-1 to 507-n is 0 dB, the pass loss Is 0 dB, the output power of the transmission signals output from the amplification units 506-1 to 506-n may be 5 W, and the amplification amount of the amplification units 506-1 to 506-n is 37 dB. Further, in the case 2 where the input power of the transmission signal input to the amplifiers 506-1 to 506-n is 1 mW and the pass / loss of the multiplexing / distribution circuits 507-1 to 507-n is 1 dB, the pass loss is 1 dB. Therefore, the output power of the transmission signal output from the amplifying units 506-1 to 506-n is required to be 6.3 W larger than 5 W. Therefore, the amplification amount of the amplifying units 506-1 to 506-n is 38 dB. . Further, in the case 3 where the input power of the transmission signal input to the amplifiers 506-1 to 506-n is 1 mW and the pass / loss of the multiplexing / distribution circuits 507-1 to 507-n is 3 dB, the pass loss is 3 dB. Therefore, the output power of the transmission signal output from the amplifying units 506-1 to 506-n needs 10 W, which is larger than 5 W. Therefore, the amplification amount of the amplifying units 506-1 to 506-n is 40 dB. The C / N characteristics of the calibration radio circuit 511 and the calibration radio circuit 513 are the same as those in FIG. 3 except that the reception level on the horizontal axis in FIG.

  As described above, according to the second embodiment, when the transmission level is less than the reference value, the phase or amplitude of the array antenna is calculated from the transmission signal distributed before amplification without distributing the transmission signal directly under the antenna. By calibrating, it is not affected by the transmission loss due to the distribution of the transmission signal directly under the antenna, so it is possible to prevent an increase in current consumption when amplifying the transmission signal and the leakage power of the adjacent channel of the transmission wave. It is possible to prevent deterioration of wireless characteristics for use. Also, according to the second embodiment, since the degree of coupling of the multiplexing / distribution circuit can be increased by not being affected by the passage loss due to the distribution of the transmission signal directly under the antenna, the C at the time of calibration can be increased. / N characteristic deterioration can be prevented. Further, according to the second embodiment, when the transmission level that is less affected by the passage loss is equal to or higher than the reference value, the phase or amplitude of the array antenna is calibrated from the transmission signal distributed immediately below the antenna. Since the coupling degree of the distribution circuit can be increased, the C / N characteristic at the time of calibration can be increased, and the estimated value of the antenna arrival direction can be stabilized. Further, according to the second embodiment, since the passing loss from the amplifying unit to the antenna element can be reduced, the required electrical specifications can be relaxed, so that the system design of the radio unit is easy. Can be.

(Embodiment 3)
FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a configuration of receiving apparatus 800 according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 8, receiving apparatus 800 according to Embodiment 3 adds environment change detection section 801 and updating section 802 to receiving apparatus 100 according to Embodiment 1 shown in FIG. 1. In FIG. 8, parts having the same configuration as in FIG.

  The storage unit 101 outputs to the control unit 102 a threshold value to be compared with the stored reference value of the reception level and the fluctuation value of the environmental variation. Further, the storage unit 101 stores the newly set reference value and threshold value input from the update unit 802 instead of the previously stored reference value and threshold value.

  The amplifying units 106-1 to 106-n are, for example, LNAs (Low Noise Amps), which are part of the distributed reception signals input from the multiplexing / distribution circuits 104-1 to 104-n or the bypass switch 105-1. -10-n amplifies the undistributed received signal input without passing through the multiplexing / distribution circuits 104-1 to 104-n and outputs the amplified signals to the multiplexing / distribution circuits 107-1 to 107-n. Further, the amplifying units 106-1 to 106-n have a circuit configuration with little characteristic deterioration due to temperature fluctuation, time fluctuation, power supply voltage fluctuation, etc., or temperature fluctuation, time fluctuation and power supply such as keeping constant temperature with an air conditioner. Install in an environment that will not be affected by voltage fluctuations. For example, the amplifying units 106-1 to 106-n are configured not to use SAW devices or the like having a large temperature fluctuation.

  The environmental variation detection unit 801 detects environmental variation such as temperature variation, time lapse, or power supply voltage variation at a predetermined timing, and outputs a variation value that is a variation value of the environmental variation to the control unit 102.

  The update unit 802 updates the reference value and threshold value by reflecting the calibration result input from the calibration wireless circuit 110 with respect to the reference value and threshold value input from the storage unit 101, and updates the updated reference value and threshold value. The threshold value is output to the storage unit 101. For example, the update unit 802 stores a table storing update information in which phase and amplitude difference values and correction values are associated, and calculates the phase and amplitude difference values of the calibration result input from the calibration wireless circuit 110. The correction value is selected by referring to the update information, and the reference value and threshold value are updated by adding or subtracting the selected correction value to the reference value and threshold value input from the storage unit 101. To do.

  The control unit 102 compares the measurement result of the reception level input from the reception level measurement unit 113 with the reference value input from the storage unit 101, and the change value of the environmental change input from the environment change detection unit 801 and the storage unit 101. Compare with the threshold value entered from. And the control part 102 performs control for switching ON and OFF of the bypass switches 105-1 to 105-n based on the comparison result. Specifically, the control unit 102 uses the bypass switch 105 when the fluctuation value of the environmental fluctuation is less than the threshold value, and when the fluctuation value of the environmental fluctuation is equal to or greater than the threshold value and the reception level is less than the reference value. −1 to 105-n are controlled to be turned on. Further, the control unit 102 controls the bypass switches 105-1 to 105-n to be turned off when the fluctuation value of the environmental fluctuation is equal to or higher than the threshold value and the reception level is equal to or higher than the reference value.

  When realizing the AAA system, the calibration radio circuit 110 obtains a phase difference or an amplitude difference between the antenna elements 103-1 to 103-n from the reception signal input from the multiplexing / distribution circuit 109, and thereby obtains a plurality of antenna elements. Calibration is performed by instructing the digital signal processing unit 114 to perform amplitude / phase control of 103-1 to 103-n. Further, the calibration radio circuit 110 outputs information on the calibration result to the update unit 802.

  Next, a calibration method in receiving apparatus 800 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing a calibration method.

  Storage section 101 sets a reference value and threshold value of a predetermined reception level as initial values (step ST901).

  Next, control section 102 compares the fluctuation value of the environmental fluctuation with a threshold value, and determines whether or not the fluctuation value of the environmental fluctuation is equal to or greater than the threshold value (step ST902). Specifically, whether or not the temperature that is the fluctuation value is equal to or higher than the threshold, whether or not the elapsed time that is the fluctuation value is equal to or higher than the threshold, and the power supply voltage that is the fluctuation value is the threshold It is determined whether it is above.

  When the variation value of the environmental variation is equal to or greater than the threshold value, control unit 102 compares the reception level with the reference value to determine whether or not the reception level is equal to or greater than the reference value (step ST903). .

  When the reception level is equal to or higher than the reference value, control unit 102 controls to turn off bypass switches 105-1 to 105-n (step ST904). Next, the calibration radio circuit 110 receives the antenna elements 103-1 to 103-n from the received signals distributed by the multiplexing / distribution circuits 104-1 to 104-n and synthesized by the multiplexing / distribution circuit 109. After obtaining the amplitude difference or phase difference, calibration is performed by controlling the amplitude or phase (step ST905).

  Next, update section 802 updates the reference value and threshold value (step ST906), and storage section 101 stores the updated reference value and threshold value. Next, receiving apparatus 800 determines whether or not communication is terminated (step ST907). If it is not the end of communication, the processing from step ST902 to step ST906 is repeated.

  On the other hand, when the variation value of the environmental variation is not greater than or equal to the threshold value in step ST902, control unit 102 controls to turn on bypass switches 105-1 to 105-n (step ST908). Next, the calibration radio circuit 112 receives the antenna elements 103-1 to 103-n from the received signals distributed by the multiplexing / distribution circuits 107-1 to 107-n and synthesized by the multiplexing / distribution circuit 111. After obtaining the amplitude difference or phase difference between them, calibration is performed by controlling the amplitude or phase (step ST909).

  If the reception level is not equal to or higher than the reference value in step ST903, control unit 102 performs control to turn on bypass switches 105-1 to 105-n (step ST908). Next, the calibration radio circuit 112 receives the antenna elements 103-1 to 103-n from the received signals distributed by the multiplexing / distribution circuits 107-1 to 107-n and synthesized by the multiplexing / distribution circuit 111. After obtaining the amplitude difference or phase difference between them, calibration is performed by controlling the amplitude or phase (step ST909). When calibration is performed by the calibration radio circuit 110, calibration between the multiplexing / distribution circuits 104-1 to 104-n and the digital signal processing unit 114 can be performed, and calibration is performed by the calibration radio circuit 112. Can be calibrated between the multiplexing / distribution circuits 107-1 to 107-n and the digital signal processing unit 114.

  Next, the C / N characteristics of the calibration radio circuit 110 and the calibration radio circuit 112 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing C / N characteristics # 1001 when the bypass switches 105-1 to 105-n are turned on and C / N characteristics # 1002 when they are turned off.

  As shown in FIG. 10, the bypass switches 105-1 to 105-n are turned off unless the fluctuation value of the environmental fluctuation exceeds the threshold value. Therefore, the C / N characteristic at the time of calibration is the reference value R2 of the reception level. Irrespective of C / N characteristics # 1001. On the other hand, when the fluctuation value of the environmental fluctuation is equal to or greater than the threshold value, the control unit 102 compares the reception level with the reference value R2. When the reception level is equal to or higher than the reference value R2, the bypass switches 105-1 to 105-n are turned off, so the C / N characteristic at the time of calibration is C / N characteristic # 1002. Further, when the reception level is less than the reference value R2, the bypass switches 105-1 to 105-n are turned on, so the C / N characteristic at the time of calibration is C / N characteristic # 1001. By setting the reference value R2 of the reception level at the intersection of the C / N lower limit value S2 and the C / N characteristic # 1002 that can be accepted to achieve a predetermined direction-of-arrival estimation accuracy, The N characteristic can be maintained at the lower limit S2 or more. That is, when the bypass switches 105-1 to 105-n are OFF, the bypass switches 105-1 to 105-n are turned ON even if the reception level falls below the reference value R2 due to the decrease in the reception level. Thus, the C / N characteristic # 1001 can be shifted to, so that the C / N can always be maintained at the lower limit S2 or more.

  Thus, according to the third embodiment, in addition to the effects of the first embodiment, when the fluctuation value of the environmental fluctuation is less than the threshold value, the received signal before amplification is distributed directly under the antenna. If the fluctuation value of the environmental fluctuation is greater than or equal to the threshold value and the reception level is higher than the reference value, calibration is performed using the received signal distributed directly under the antenna. It is possible to eliminate the passage loss due to the distribution of the reception signal before amplification directly under the antenna, and to prevent the characteristic deterioration due to the environmental variation when the environmental variation is large. Further, according to the third embodiment, the reference value and threshold value are updated by reflecting the result of calibration using the reception signal before amplification distributed immediately below the antenna in the reference value and threshold value. Therefore, calibration can be performed quickly and accurately with a large environmental fluctuation. Further, when the fluctuation value of the environmental fluctuation that is equal to or greater than the threshold value is less than the threshold value, the reference value and the threshold value that reflect the calibration result when the fluctuation value of the environmental fluctuation is equal to or greater than the threshold value. Since the value can be used, calibration can be performed quickly with high accuracy even when the environmental fluctuation is small. Further, according to the third embodiment, calibration can be performed with higher accuracy by using an amplification unit as a component with little characteristic deterioration due to environmental fluctuations or in an environment that is not affected by environmental fluctuations. .

(Embodiment 4)
FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing a configuration of transmitting apparatus 1100 according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 11, transmission apparatus 1100 according to Embodiment 4 adds environment change detection section 1101 and update section 1102 to transmission apparatus 500 according to Embodiment 2 shown in FIG. 5. In FIG. 11, parts having the same configuration as in FIG.

  The storage unit 502 outputs to the control unit 503 a threshold value to be compared with the stored reference value of the transmission level and the fluctuation value of the environmental variation. The storage unit 502 stores the newly set reference value and threshold value input from the update unit 1102 instead of the previously stored reference value and threshold value.

  The environmental variation detection unit 1101 detects environmental variation such as temperature variation, time passage, or power supply voltage variation at a predetermined timing, and outputs the variation value of the environmental variation to the control unit 503.

  The updating unit 1102 updates the reference value and threshold value by reflecting the calibration result input from the calibration radio circuit 513 with respect to the reference value and threshold value input from the storage unit 502, and updates the updated reference value and threshold value. The threshold value is output to the storage unit 502. For example, the update unit 1102 stores a table storing update information in which phase and amplitude difference values and correction values are associated, and the phase and amplitude difference values of the calibration result input from the calibration wireless circuit 513 are stored. The correction value is selected by referring to the update information, and the reference value and threshold value are updated by adding or subtracting the selected correction value to the reference value and threshold value input from the storage unit 502. To do.

  The control unit 503 compares the transmission level input from the digital signal processing unit 501 with the reference value input from the storage unit 502, and also inputs the change value of the environmental change input from the environment change detection unit 1101 and the storage unit 502. Compare with threshold. And the control part 503 performs control for switching ON and OFF of the bypass switches 508-1 to 508-n based on the comparison result. Specifically, the control unit 503 controls the bypass switch 508 when the variation value of the environmental variation is less than the threshold value, and when the variation value of the environmental variation is equal to or greater than the threshold value and the transmission level is less than the reference value. −1 to 508-n are controlled to be turned on. In addition, the control unit 503 performs control so that the bypass switches 508-1 to 508-n are turned off when the variation value of the environmental variation is equal to or greater than the threshold value and the transmission level is equal to or greater than the reference value.

  The amplifying units 506-1 to 506-n amplify a part of the distributed transmission signal input from the multiplexing / distribution circuits 505-1 to 505-n to multiplex / distribute circuits 507-1 to 507-n and bypass. Output to the switches 508-1 to 508-n. The amplifiers 506-1 to 506-n have a circuit configuration with little characteristic deterioration due to temperature fluctuation, time fluctuation, power supply voltage fluctuation or the like, or temperature fluctuation, time fluctuation and power supply such as keeping constant temperature with an air conditioner. Install in an environment that will not be affected by voltage fluctuations. For example, the amplifying units 506-1 to 506-n do not use a SAW device or the like having a large temperature fluctuation.

  When realizing the AAA system, the calibration radio circuit 513 obtains a phase difference or an amplitude difference between the antenna elements 509-1 to 509-n from the received signal input from the multiplexing / distribution circuit 512, and a plurality of antenna elements are obtained. Calibration is performed by instructing the digital signal processing unit 501 to perform the amplitude / phase control of 509-1 to 509-n. Further, the calibration radio circuit 513 outputs information on the calibration result to the update unit 1102.

  Next, a calibration method in transmission apparatus 1100 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing a calibration method.

  Storage section 502 sets a reference value and threshold value of a predetermined transmission level as initial values (step ST1201).

  Next, control section 503 compares the fluctuation value of the environmental fluctuation with a threshold value, and determines whether or not the fluctuation value of the environmental fluctuation is equal to or greater than the threshold value (step ST1202). Specifically, it is determined whether the temperature change is equal to or greater than a threshold value, whether the passage of time is equal to or greater than the threshold value, and whether the power supply voltage is equal to or greater than the threshold value.

  When the variation value of the environmental variation is equal to or greater than the threshold value, control unit 503 compares the transmission level with the reference value to determine whether or not the transmission level is equal to or greater than the reference value (step ST1203). .

  When the transmission level is equal to or higher than the reference value, control unit 503 controls to turn off bypass switches 508-1 to 508-n (step ST1204). Next, the calibration radio circuit 513 receives the antenna elements 509-1 to 509-n from the received signals distributed by the multiplexing / distribution circuits 507-1 to 507-n and synthesized by the multiplexing / distribution circuit 512. After obtaining the amplitude difference or phase difference, calibration is performed by controlling the amplitude or phase (step ST1205).

  Next, update section 1102 updates the reference value and threshold value (step ST1206), and storage section 502 stores the updated reference value and threshold value. Next, transmitting apparatus 1100 determines whether or not communication is terminated (step ST1207). If the communication has not ended, the processes in steps ST1202 to ST1206 are repeated.

  On the other hand, when the variation value of the environmental variation is not greater than or equal to the threshold value in step ST1202, control unit 503 performs control to turn on bypass switches 508-1 to 508-n (step ST1208). Next, the calibration radio circuit 511 receives the antenna elements 509-1 to 509-n from the transmission signals distributed by the multiplexing / distribution circuits 505-1 to 505-n and synthesized by the multiplexing / distribution circuit 510. After obtaining the amplitude difference or phase difference between them, calibration is performed by controlling the amplitude or phase (step ST1209).

  If the transmission level is not equal to or higher than the reference value in step ST1203, control unit 503 controls bypass switches 508-1 to 508-n to be turned on (step ST1208). Next, the calibration radio circuit 511 receives the antenna elements 509-1 to 509-n from the transmission signals distributed by the multiplexing / distribution circuits 505-1 to 505-n and synthesized by the multiplexing / distribution circuit 510. After obtaining the amplitude difference or phase difference between them, calibration is performed by controlling the amplitude or phase (step ST1209). When calibration is performed by the calibration radio circuit 513, calibration between the multiplexing / distribution circuits 507-1 to 507-n and the digital signal processing unit 501 can be performed, and calibration is performed by the calibration radio circuit 511. Can be calibrated between the multiplexing / distribution circuits 505-1 to 505-n and the digital signal processing unit 501. The C / N characteristics of the calibration radio circuit 511 and the calibration radio circuit 513 are the same as those in FIG. 10 except that the reception level on the horizontal axis in FIG.

  Thus, according to the fourth embodiment, in addition to the effect of the second embodiment, when the fluctuation value of the environmental fluctuation is less than the threshold value, the amplified transmission signal is distributed directly under the antenna. If the fluctuation value of the environmental fluctuation is equal to or greater than the threshold value and the transmission level is equal to or higher than the reference value, calibration is performed using the transmission signal distributed immediately below the antenna. Passage loss due to distribution of the amplified transmission signal directly under the antenna can be eliminated, and when environmental fluctuation is large, characteristic deterioration due to environmental fluctuation can be prevented. Further, according to the fourth embodiment, the reference value and threshold value are updated by reflecting the result of calibration using the amplified transmission signal distributed immediately below the antenna in the reference value and threshold value. Therefore, calibration can be performed quickly and accurately with a large environmental fluctuation. Further, when the fluctuation value of the environmental fluctuation that is equal to or greater than the threshold value is less than the threshold value, the reference value and the threshold value reflecting the calibration result when the fluctuation value of the environmental fluctuation is equal to or greater than the threshold value Since the value can be used, calibration can be performed quickly with high accuracy even when the environmental fluctuation is small. Further, according to the fourth embodiment, calibration can be performed with higher accuracy by making the amplification unit a component with little characteristic deterioration due to environmental fluctuations or in an environment that is not affected by environmental fluctuations. .

  In the first to fourth embodiments, the bypass switches 105-1 to 105-n and 508-1 to 508-n are switched on and off based on the reception level or the transmission level. Not limited to this, the bypass switches 105-1 to 105-n and 508-1 to 508-n may be switched on and off based on reception quality other than the reception level or communication quality other than the transmission level. Moreover, the receiving apparatus of the said Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 3, and the transmitter of Embodiment 2 and Embodiment 4 are applicable to a base station apparatus. In addition, the first and third embodiments may be combined with the second and fourth embodiments to be a transmission / reception apparatus that performs both transmission and reception, and the transmission / reception apparatus is applied to a base station apparatus. Also good. In the first to fourth embodiments, the signal distributed between the amplification unit and the antenna element and the signal distributed between the amplification unit and the digital signal processing unit should be calibrated by different circuits. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and calibration may be performed with a single circuit.

  The receiving apparatus, transmitting apparatus, base station apparatus, and calibration method according to the present invention can prevent deterioration of radio characteristics for communication and can increase the C / N characteristic of the calibration circuit, and can improve the antenna arrival direction. It has the effect of stabilizing the estimated value and is useful for controlling the array antenna.

The block diagram which shows the structure of the receiver which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a calibration method according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The figure which shows the C / N characteristic which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention The figure which shows the structure of the receiver The block diagram which shows the structure of the transmitter which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing a calibration method according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The figure which shows the relationship between the passage loss and amplification amount which concern on Embodiment 2 of this invention. The block diagram which shows the structure of the receiver which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention. FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing a calibration method according to the third embodiment of the present invention. The figure which shows the C / N characteristic which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention The block diagram which shows the structure of the transmitter which concerns on Embodiment 4 of this invention. FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing a calibration method according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. Block diagram showing the configuration of a conventional transceiver The figure which shows the relationship between C / N and passage loss and coupling degree

Explanation of symbols

100, 800 Receiver 101, 502 Storage unit 102, 503 Control unit 103-1 to 103-n, 509-1 to 509-n Antenna element 104-1 to 104-n, 107-1 to 107-n, 109, 111 Multiplex / distribution circuit 505-1 to 505-n, 507-1 to 507-n, 510, 512 Multiplex / distribution circuit 105-1 to 105-n, 508-1 to 508-n Bypass switch 106-1 to 106 -N, 506-1 to 506-amplifying unit 108-1 to 108-n receiving circuit 110, 112, 511, 513 calibration radio circuit 113 receiving level measuring unit 114, 501 digital signal processing unit 504-1 to 504- n Transmitter circuit

Claims (22)

An array antenna composed of a plurality of antenna elements;
A distribution selection means for selecting a case where the reception signal received by the antenna element is distributed to a plurality of sequences and a case where the reception signal is not distributed based on reception quality;
Amplifying means for amplifying a part of received signals distributed by the distribution selecting means or received signals not distributed by the distribution selecting means;
Distributing means for distributing the received signal amplified by the amplifying means;
The phase between the plurality of antenna elements or the reception signal distributed by the distribution selection means and not amplified by the amplification means or the reception signal distributed by the distribution means without being distributed by the distribution selection means, or Calibration means for controlling the amplitude;
A receiving apparatus comprising: An environmental change detection means for detecting environmental changes is provided,
The distribution selection means determines whether the received signal is distributed to a plurality of sequences and whether the received signal is not distributed based on the reception quality and a fluctuation value indicating the fluctuation of the environment detected by the environmental fluctuation detection means. The receiving device according to claim 1, wherein the receiving device is selected. The distribution selection means selects, based on the reception quality, when the received signal is distributed to a plurality of sequences and when the received signal is not distributed when the variation value is greater than or equal to a first threshold value.
When the fluctuation value is less than the first threshold value, the calibration means calculates the phase or amplitude between the antenna elements from the received signal distributed by the distribution means without being distributed by the distribution selection means. The receiving device according to claim 2, wherein the receiving device is controlled.   The distribution selection means distributes the reception signal received by the antenna element when the reception level of the reception signal is greater than or equal to a second threshold value, and the reception signal reception level is less than the second threshold value 4. The receiving apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a receiving signal received by the antenna element is not distributed. Updating means for updating the second threshold based on a calibration result of the calibration means;
The distribution selection unit distributes the reception signal received by the antenna element when the reception level of the reception signal is equal to or higher than the second threshold value updated by the update unit, and the reception level of the reception signal is 5. The receiving apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the received signal received by the antenna element is not distributed when it is less than the second threshold value updated by the updating means. Distributing means for distributing the transmission signal to a plurality of streams;
Amplifying means for amplifying a part of the transmission signal distributed by the distributing means;
A distribution selection unit that selects, based on communication quality, a case where the transmission signal amplified by the amplification unit is distributed to a plurality of series and a case where the transmission signal amplified by the amplification unit is not distributed;
Transmitting means for transmitting a transmission signal distributed by the distribution selection means or a transmission signal not distributed by the distribution selection means from an array antenna having a plurality of antenna elements;
Calibration means for controlling the phase or amplitude between the antenna elements from the transmission signal distributed by the distribution means and not amplified by the amplification means or the transmission signal distributed by the distribution selection means;
A transmission device comprising: An environmental change detection means for detecting environmental changes is provided,
The distribution selection unit is configured to determine whether the transmission signal is distributed to a plurality of sequences and a case where the transmission signal is not distributed based on the communication quality and a variation value indicating a variation of the environment detected by the environment variation detection unit. The transmission device according to claim 6, wherein the transmission device is selected. The distribution selection means selects, based on the communication quality, a case where the transmission signal is distributed to a plurality of sequences and a case where the transmission signal is not distributed when the variation value is equal to or greater than a first threshold value.
When the variation value is less than the first threshold value, the calibration means calculates the phase or amplitude between the antenna elements from the transmission signal distributed by the distribution means without being distributed by the distribution selection means. 8. The transmission apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the transmission apparatus is controlled.   The distribution selection unit distributes the transmission signal amplified by the amplification unit when the transmission level of the transmission signal is equal to or higher than a second threshold value, and the transmission level of the transmission signal is less than the second threshold value. 9. The transmission apparatus according to claim 6, wherein in that case, the transmission signal amplified by the amplification means is not distributed. Updating means for changing the second threshold based on the calibration result of the calibration means;
The distribution selection unit distributes the transmission signal amplified by the amplification unit when the transmission level of the transmission signal is equal to or higher than the second threshold value changed by the update unit, and transmits the transmission level of the transmission signal. 10. The transmission apparatus according to claim 9, wherein when the value is less than the second threshold value changed by the updating unit, the transmission signal amplified by the amplifying unit is not distributed.   A base station apparatus comprising the receiving apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5.   A base station apparatus comprising the transmission apparatus according to any one of claims 6 to 10. Selecting a case where a received signal received by a plurality of antenna elements of an array antenna is distributed to a plurality of series and a case where the received signal is not distributed based on reception quality;
Amplifying a portion of the distributed received signal or a non-distributed received signal;
Distributing the amplified received signal;
Controlling the phase or amplitude between the plurality of antenna elements based on the received signal that has been distributed and not amplified or the received signal that has not been distributed before amplification but is distributed after amplification;
A calibration method comprising: Detecting a change in the environment,
The case of distributing the received signal to a plurality of sequences and the case of not distributing the received signal are selected based on the reception quality and a variation value indicating a detected environment variation. Calibration method. When the variation value is greater than or equal to a first threshold value, the case where the received signal is distributed to a plurality of sequences and the case where the received signal is not distributed are selected based on the reception quality,
15. The phase or amplitude between the antenna elements is controlled based on a received signal distributed after amplification instead of being distributed before amplification when the variation value is less than the first threshold value. The calibration method described.   When the reception level of the reception signal is equal to or higher than the second threshold value, the reception signal received by the antenna element is distributed. When the reception level of the reception signal is lower than the second threshold value, the antenna element is distributed. The calibration method according to claim 13, wherein the received signal received is not distributed. Updating the second threshold based on a phase or amplitude control result between the antenna elements,
When the reception level of the reception signal is greater than or equal to the updated second threshold, the reception signal received by the antenna element is distributed, and the reception level of the reception signal is less than the updated second threshold. 17. The calibration method according to claim 16, wherein the received signal received by the antenna element is not distributed. Distributing the transmission signal to a plurality of sequences;
Amplifying a part of the distributed transmission signal;
Selecting a case where the amplified transmission signal is distributed to a plurality of sequences and a case where the amplified transmission signal is not distributed based on communication quality;
Transmitting a transmission signal distributed after amplification or a transmission signal not distributed after amplification from an array antenna having a plurality of antenna elements;
Controlling the phase or amplitude between the antenna elements based on a transmission signal distributed before amplification and not amplified or a transmission signal distributed after amplification;
A calibration method comprising: Detecting a change in the environment,
19. The case where the transmission signal is distributed to a plurality of sequences and the case where the transmission signal is not distributed are selected based on the communication quality and a variation value indicating a detected environment variation. Calibration method. When the variation value is greater than or equal to a first threshold value, the case where the transmission signal is distributed to a plurality of sequences and the case where the transmission signal is not distributed are selected based on the communication quality,
20. The calibration method according to claim 19, wherein when the variation value is less than the first threshold value, the phase or amplitude between the antenna elements is controlled from a transmission signal distributed before amplification and not amplified. .   When the transmission level of the transmission signal is equal to or higher than the second threshold value, the amplified transmission signal is distributed. When the transmission level of the transmission signal is lower than the second threshold value, the amplified transmission signal is not distributed. 21. The calibration method according to claim 18, wherein the calibration method is performed. Changing the second threshold based on a control result of the phase or amplitude of the antenna element,
When the transmission level of the transmission signal is equal to or higher than the second threshold value, the amplified transmission signal is distributed, and when the transmission level of the transmission signal is lower than the second threshold value, the amplification is amplified. The calibration method according to claim 21, wherein the transmitted signal is not distributed.

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