JP2006099162A - Operation and management system and program for business web system based on service-oriented architecture - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an operation and management technique of servers, which realizes a deadline scheduling function necessary for a business system and corresponding to a Web system established based on service-oriented architecture. <P>SOLUTION: In the system and a program for operating and managing the business Web system established based on service-oriented architecture, resources of Web services necessary for processing a predetermined business by the business Web system are estimated, a policy for instructing the completion of the predetermined business up to a predetermined date is set, and the business Web system is operated on the set policy. The resources necessary for executing Web services are preliminarily measured for each department, each post or each business, and the resources necessary for executing a designated policy are ensured in advance, whereby the business can be processed within a predetermined time even if processing is concentrated. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a technology for operation and management of a business-related Web system configured by service cooperation using a Web service or grid technology.

  Conventionally, as a technique for distributing the load of a Web server in a Web system, for example, those described in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 below are known.

  In the one described in Patent Document 1 below, the window server constantly monitors the Web server load status, and makes a requesting client communicate with a Web server with a low load in the list by a redirect technology.

Further, in the device described in Patent Document 2 below, the load balancer estimates the resources necessary to perform the requested service from the header information of the service request packet from the client, and there is a margin for the necessary resources. Dynamic load distribution is performed by distributing packets to a Web server.
JP 2003-108537 A JP 2002-91936 A

  However, since the techniques described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 are based on a Web system constructed with a conventional three-tier architecture for the Internet, the technology is based on a service-oriented architecture for business systems (intranet). There is a problem that it cannot be applied to a Web system constructed with the above.

  Here, a web system constructed based on a service-oriented architecture uses a web server as an interface, connects a plurality of web service servers to the back end of the web server, and the substantial processing is performed on the web servers. It is a system that performs a system that links services running on a service server. However, the services that run on each Web service server are not necessarily the same, and the number and type of services that run on one Web service server and the percentage of resources that each service can use change according to the instructions of the administrator. it can.

  At this time, since the Web server only serves as an interface, the load distribution target is the Web service server. Each Web service server operates different services from each other, unlike Web servers in which all the same applications described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 are operating. Therefore, there arises a problem that the techniques of Patent Documents 1 and 2 cannot be applied to these Web service servers.

  Further, in the case of a business system, deadline scheduling is required in which the processing of all related employees must be completed by a predetermined date and time in the human workflow. However, the techniques of Patent Documents 1 and 2 do not have such a mechanism, and there is a problem that even if processing by many employees is concentrated just before the deadline, it cannot be handled.

  An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, and in particular, the operation and management of a server corresponding to a Web system built based on a service-oriented architecture and realizing a deadline scheduling function necessary for a business system. It is to provide a system and a program.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an operation / management system for a business web system that operates and manages a business web system including an arbitrary number of web service servers constructed based on a service-oriented architecture, and The program estimates the Web service resources necessary for the business Web system to process a given job, and sets and sets a policy that indicates that the given job should be completed by a given date and time The business web system is operated based on a policy.

  In resource estimation, measure and manage the resources required to execute the Web service required to process the predetermined business for each business unit including the Web service and each department / post of the employee to use. Estimate by In setting the policy, it accepts an input of a policy instructing that the predetermined work should be completed by a predetermined date and time, calculates the resources of each Web service required to execute the input policy, Prior to the date and time when the business specified by the input policy is to be completed, resources are allocated so that the business Web system can execute the policy. The policy includes, for example, the information indicating the predetermined work to be completed, the department and title of the employee who performs the work, the date and time period for completing the work, and the priority for completing the work. Shall be. When calculating resources, based on the resource estimation results, the business Web system obtains resources that can execute the policy, and adjusts the obtained resource values according to the priorities. In addition, a Web service is arranged on the Web service server so as to secure resources adjusted according to priority. Further, for a business with a high priority, the web service that constitutes the business is converted from loosely coupled to tightly coupled and placed on the web service server.

  In the operation of the business web system, the correspondence between the web service and the web service server on which the web service is arranged is managed. In addition, according to the priority of the policy corresponding to the department / post of the employee and the business to be processed, the request from the employee is allocated to the Web service server that executes the appropriate Web service. . When the work is completed by an employee of the department / position determined by the policy, the resources reserved for the policy are released.

  According to the present invention, resources required to execute a Web service are measured in advance for each department, job title, or business, and resources required to execute a specified policy are secured in advance. Therefore, even if the processing is concentrated, the business can be processed within a predetermined time. In addition, by managing the resources required for each department, position, or business, it is possible to cope with changes in the department or position of many employees due to personnel changes. Furthermore, by securing resources necessary for executing policies in advance, the cost of monitoring the status of the Web service server during operation can be reduced. As described above, it is possible to realize a deadline scheduling function required for a business system, corresponding to a Web system constructed based on a service-oriented architecture.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment for carrying out the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a Web system according to an embodiment of the present invention. This Web system includes a client 101, a Web server 103, a management server 104, a management client 105, and a Web service server group 110. The web service server group 110 includes a plurality of web service servers 111 that execute web services. The client 101 transmits a request to the Web server 103 through the intranet 102 and receives the result. The Web server 103 transmits a job to the Web service server group 110 that receives a request from the client 101, and transmits the result to the client 101. The management server 104 controls the Web server 103 and the Web service server 111 so as to realize the policy set by the administrator. The management client 105 sets an operation policy for the management server 104.

  FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the management server 104. The management server 104 includes a communication unit 201, a control unit 210, and a database (DB) unit 220. The control unit 210 includes an authentication unit 211 that performs user authentication, a service placement unit 212 that places a web service on each web service server 111 of the web service server group 110, and a resource calculation unit 213 that calculates necessary resources from a set policy. And a policy execution unit 214 for controlling the execution of the policy. The DB unit 220 includes an authentication information DB 221, a source code DB 222, a server management DB 223, a resource information DB 224, and a policy DB 225.

  FIG. 3 shows the data structure of the authentication information DB 221. The authentication information DB 221 holds authentication information of each employee who uses this system. Specifically, each employee has an employee number, name, department, title, account, password, and the like.

  Although not shown, the source code DB 222 holds source codes of various web services. The management server 104 determines a Web service to be arranged in each of the plurality of Web service servers 111 based on the set policy. The source code of the determined Web service is (after compilation) each Web service server 111. The Web service by each Web service server 111 is thereby executed.

  FIG. 4 shows the data structure of the server management DB 223. The server management DB 223 includes a server resource table and a service management table. The server resource table is a table for managing the resources of each Web service server 111 in the Web service server group 110. Specifically, the IP address of each Web service server 111 and the CPU resources that the server has And the value obtained by quantifying the memory resource (frequency standardized by CPU, number of bytes standardized by memory, etc.). The service management table is a table for managing resources allocated to each Web service by the workload manager in each Web service server 111. Specifically, for each Web service server 111, which Web service is being executed on that server, and how much CPU and memory resources are allocated to each Web service being executed. Hold.

  FIG. 5 shows the data structure of the resource information DB 224. The resource information DB 224 is a table for managing a Web service constituting a specific business and resources necessary for executing the Web service for each department and job title. The department, job title, number of people, job, service, resource (CPU) and resource (memory) items are retained. For example, in the records on the first and second lines in FIG. 5, the business A performed by the employee of the position 1 in the department A is composed of the service 1 and the service 3, and the employee 3 Indicates that people are needed. In addition, for service 1, 1 CPU resource and 2 memory resources are required, and for service 3, 2 CPU resources and 5 memory resources are required. This indicates the resources required for one employee to perform the service.

  FIG. 6 shows the data structure of the policy DB 225. The policy DB 225 manages the priority of a specific task for each department and position, and holds the date and time zone of the deadline that should be executed and terminated. For example, according to the policy (record) in the first line in FIG. 6, the priority is 1 for the work A performed by the employee of the position 1 in the department A, and it is terminated every Monday from 8:00 to 12:00. Indicates what should be done. The priority is specified in the range of 0 to 1, with 1 being the highest priority, and the lower the numerical value, the lower the priority. The remaining number of people indicates the number of people who have not completed the work at the present time.

  In the Web system of the present embodiment, there are three stages for performing operations based on policies: (1) resource estimation, (2) policy setting, and (3) system operation. Hereinafter, each of these steps will be described.

(1) Estimating resources First, the resources of the Web service server 111 necessary for a specific employee to process a business configured by cooperation of a plurality of services are estimated. In the case of a business system, the resources of the Web service server 111 necessary for processing a specific business depend on the job title or department of the employee. Therefore, the employees are classified by job title or department in advance, and the management server 104 acquires and aggregates resources used by the employees for performing specific tasks from the Web service server group 110 for each service. It is stored in the resource information DB 224 (FIG. 5). Here, the usage status of resources in the server can be acquired by a conventional technique such as SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) or a log.

(2) Policy setting At this stage, there are further three stages: (a) policy setting by the administrator, (b) resource calculation, and (c) service placement. Each of these stages will be described in detail below. These three stages are executed by the control unit 210 of the management server 104 using the policy execution unit 214, the resource calculation unit 213, and the service arrangement unit 212.

(A) Policy setting by administrator The administrator sets a policy using the management client 105 based on the business requirements. The management client 105 transmits the set policy to the management server 104, and the management server 104 stores the received policy in the policy DB 225 (FIG. 6).

  Here, as shown in the data structure of the policy DB 225 in FIG. 6, the policy setting means the priority and deadline (date and date) for each department and post so that a specific task is completed in a specified time zone. It means setting the time zone. The policy DB 225 also manages the number of employees (remaining number of employees) who have not completed the work for each work for which priority is set. At the time of setting the policy, the number of persons required to perform the task is automatically set as an initial value in the remaining number of persons column based on the number of persons described in the resource information DB 224 of FIG.

(B) Resource Calculation After the above policy setting is made, the resource calculation unit 213 of the management server 104 calculates the resources of each Web service necessary for executing the policy. That is, the resource calculation unit 213 of the management server 104 refers to the policy DB 225 (FIG. 6) and starts calculating resources before the specified date and time zone for each policy. The resource calculation is performed by the following calculation formula for each policy with reference to the policy DB 225 (FIG. 6) and the resource information DB 224 (FIG. 5).

(Resource of Web service a in the i-th policy)
= (Remaining number of people) x (Web service a resource) x (Priority)

  Note that “the resource of the Web service a in the i-th policy” means a resource to be allocated to the Web service a that constitutes the business of the i-th policy in the policy DB 225 of FIG. “Remaining number of people” is the number of people described in the remaining number of people column of the policy. “Resource of Web service a” is a value of a resource necessary for the service described in the resource information DB 224 of FIG. “Priority” is the priority specified in the policy. For example, when the business is composed of Web services a and b, the resources required for the calculation are obtained for each Web service. As a result, it is requested how many resources are required for employees of the departments and positions specified in the policy to execute each Web service of the business. There are several types of resources such as CPU and memory, but each resource is calculated.

(C) Service allocation When the service allocation unit 212 of the management server 104 reaches the date and time specified in the policy (start time described in the time zone), the resources required for each Web service obtained in (b) above Based on the above, with reference to the server management DB 223, all Web services constituting the business specified by the policy are arranged and executed on each Web service server 111 so as to satisfy the necessary resources. As a result, resources that can be completed by the deadline are secured in advance for all the Web services that make up the policy.

  In particular, in the present embodiment, in the policy DB 224, it is required to protect the work of the policy whose priority is designated as 1, especially in the designated time zone. The business that consists of the above is converted to tightly coupled, and the business is executed. In other words, there are two types of Web services in a specific business, a Web service that uses another Web service and a Web service that is used from another Web service. Normally, two Web services are linked by directly using the stub of the Web service used by the Web service to be used and communicating with the Web service used via the network. However, if this method is critical, there is a problem in processing speed, so it is necessary to make it possible to directly use the Web service to be used.

  Therefore, the service placement unit 212 of the management server 104 refers to the source code DB 222, rewrites the portion of the web service source code to be used that refers to the stub of the web service to be used, and uses the web service to be used. This class is directly referenced, and after compiling, it is arranged in the Web service server 111. At this time, the service management table of the server management DB 223 is also updated.

  FIG. 7 shows an example of rewriting. In this example, the package to be referenced is rewritten from the package jp.hitachisoft.stub. * Including the stub to the jp.hitachisoft.real. * Including the actual class. In this way, for a business with a policy with a priority of 1, the multiple Web services that make up the business are changed from "communication method using stubs (loose coupling)" to "communication method using real classes (tight coupling)" ”And placed on the Web service server, high-speed processing can be realized with few resources.

(3) System Operation The processing procedure of the request from the client 101 of the Web system when applying the policy will be described in detail with reference to the sequence diagram of FIG.

  In step 801, in response to the login request from the client 101, the Web server 103 performs authentication by referring to the authentication information DB 221 of the management server 104, and specifies the department and position of the accessing user. The authentication unit 211 of the management server 104 provides a function of performing client authentication.

  In step 802, when there is a request from the client 101, the Web server 103 identifies the requested job, and refers to the resource information DB 224 (FIG. 5) and the server management DB 223 (FIG. 4) of the management server 104. The Web service server 111 that executes the Web service that processes the business is specified. The control unit 210 of the management server 104 provides a function for specifying such a Web service server 111. If the request from this client is a request issued by an employee of the department and position specified in the policy on the date and time specified in the policy in order to perform the business, the management server In 104, the process (2) is executed, and the Web service for the business is executed with the necessary resources secured.

  In step 803, the web server 103 transfers the request from the client 101 to the web service server 111 identified in step 802, and the web service server group 110 including the web service server processes the business. At this time, if the user's department / posture and the business to be processed correspond to a policy with a high priority, the resource is transferred to the Web service server 111 in which the Web service is tightly coupled.

  In step 804, the Web server 103 transmits the processing result in step 803 to the client 101 and the management server 104. The management server 104 that has received the processing result reduces the remaining number of corresponding policies in the policy DB 225 and recalculates the necessary resources when the processing result indicates that the processing of the business has been completed. Is released. The recalculation of resources is the same method as in (2) (b) above.

  In the embodiment described above, the CPU resource and the memory resource are described as resources, but other resources can be allocated in the same manner.

The block diagram of the Web system based on the service-oriented architecture of one embodiment of this invention, Block diagram for explaining the function of the management server, The figure which shows the data structure of authentication information DB of the management server, The figure which shows the data structure of the server management DB of the management server, The figure which shows the data structure of resource information DB of the management server, A diagram showing the data structure of the policy DB of the management server A diagram explaining an example of how to make loosely coupled services tightly coupled, FIG. 10 is a sequence diagram for explaining a method of processing a request from a client when operating a Web system based on a policy.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 101 ... Client, 102 ... Intranet, 103 ... Web server, 104 ... Management server, 105 ... Management client, 110 ... Web service server group, 111 ... Web service server.

Claims (11)

An operational web system operation / management system that operates and manages an operational web system including an arbitrary number of web service servers constructed based on a service-oriented architecture,
Means for estimating resources of a Web service necessary for the business system to process a predetermined business;
Means for setting a policy indicating that the predetermined task should be completed by a predetermined date and time;
Means for operating the business web system based on a set policy. An operation / management system for a business web system, comprising: In the operation / management system for a business web system according to claim 1,
The means for estimating the resource measures / requires the resources necessary to execute the web service necessary to process the predetermined business for each business including the web service and each department / post of the employee to use. A business web system operation and management system characterized by including management means. In the operation / management system for a business web system according to claim 1,
Means for setting the policy comprises:
Means for receiving an input of a policy instructing that the predetermined job should be completed by the predetermined date and time;
Means for calculating each Web service resource required to execute the input policy by using an estimation result by the means for estimating the resource;
Prior to the date and time at which the business specified in the input policy should be completed, the resource calculated by the calculating means is transferred to the Web service included in the business so that the business Web system can execute the policy. And a business-related Web system operation / management system characterized by including an assigning means. In the operation / management system for a business web system according to claim 3,
The policy includes information indicating the predetermined work to be completed, a department and a title of an employee who performs the work, a date and a time zone for completing the work, and a priority for completing the work. A business web system operation and management system characterized by In the operation / management system for a business web system according to claim 4,
The means for calculating the resource obtains a resource sufficient for the business Web system to execute the policy based on a result of estimating a resource necessary for executing each Web service by the means for estimating the resource. A business Web system operation and management system characterized by adjusting the value of the resource according to the priority. In the operation / management system for a business web system according to claim 5,
An operation / management system for a business web system, wherein the resource allocating means arranges a web service on the web service server so as to secure a resource adjusted by the priority. The operation / management system for a business web system according to claim 6,
The resource allocating unit is configured to convert a Web service constituting the business from a loose coupling to a tight coupling for the business with a high priority, and arrange the business on the web service server. Web system operation and management system. In the operation / management system for a business web system according to claim 1,
A means for operating the business system includes a means for managing correspondence between the web service and a web service server on which the web service is arranged. In the operation / management system for a business web system according to claim 1,
The means for operating the business-related Web system executes an appropriate Web service for a request from the employee according to the department / post of the employee and the priority of the policy corresponding to the business to be processed. A business web system operation and management system characterized by including means for allocating to a web service server. In the business system operation / management system according to claim 9,
The means for operating the business-related Web system includes means for releasing resources reserved for the policy when the work is completed by an employee of a department / position determined by the policy. Features operational web system operation and management system. A business-related Web system operation / management program for operating / managing a business-related Web system having an arbitrary number of Web service servers constructed based on a service-oriented architecture, wherein the business-related Web system is a predetermined program A means to estimate the Web service resources required to process
Means for setting a policy indicating that the predetermined task should be completed by a predetermined date and time;
A business Web system operation / management program that functions as a business Web system operation / management system comprising: means for operating the business Web system based on a set policy.

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