JP2006090605A - Heat pump hot water supply apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To miniaturize a hot water supply apparatus in consideration of workability or the like and to prevent freezing of defrosting water of evaporators. <P>SOLUTION: This heat pump hot water supply apparatus is constituted by enclosing inside a casing, compressors 102a, b for compressing a refrigerant; a water-refrigerant heat exchanger 103 for exchanging heat between a refrigerant passage where the refrigerant compressed by the compressors flows, and a water passage where water supplied from a water supply circuit flows; a pressure reducing device 104 for reducing the pressure of the refrigerant lowered in temperature by the water-refrigerant heat exchanger; the evaporators 105a, b for evaporating the refrigerant reduced in pressure by the pressure reducing device, to return to the compressors; and a hot water storage tank 103 communicating with a hot water supply pipe for supplying a hot water supply port with hot water heated by the water-refrigerant heat exchanger. The compressors are arranged in a storage chamber 10 partitioned in a space below the evaporators, and a pan 13 for receiving the defrosting water of the evaporators is used as a part of members for partitioning the storage chamber. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a heat pump hot water supply apparatus, and more particularly, to a technique for facilitating installation and transportation of a so-called instantaneous heat pump hot water supply apparatus having a small-capacity hot water storage tank or hot water storage tank.

  A conventional hot water supply system has a combustion type water heater that does not have a hot water storage tank, burns gas, etc., instantaneously boiles water with its powerful combustion heat, and supplies hot water, and a large capacity hot water storage tank. There are electric water heaters that use cheap late-night electricity at night to store a large amount of hot water heated by an electric heater during the night in a hot water storage tank and use the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank during the day.

  On the other hand, recently, heat pump water heaters that are said to have an energy efficiency of 300 to 500% better than electric water heaters have begun to spread. The heat pump water heater is a water-refrigerant heat exchange system that exchanges heat between a compressor that compresses a refrigerant, and a refrigerant channel through which the refrigerant compressed by the compressor flows and a water channel through which water supplied from a water supply circuit flows. A heat pump cycle comprising a pressure reducing device such as an expansion valve that decompresses the refrigerant whose temperature has been lowered by the water refrigerant heat exchanger, and an evaporator that evaporates the refrigerant decompressed by the pressure reducing device and returns the refrigerant to the compressor The hot water heated by the water refrigerant heat exchanger is used for hot water supply. Such a heat pump water heater uses the amount of heat of ambient air as a heat source, so it is several times more energy efficient than electric heater heating, and does not burn gas etc., so it does not emit CO2 and is environmentally friendly. It is called a device.

  However, heat pump water heaters do not have as much heat as when gas is burned, so they have a large-capacity hot water storage tank, just like an electric water heater. It was common to boil hot water and store it in a hot water storage tank, and use the stored hot water during the day.

  For example, the heat pump water heater described in Patent Document 1 is provided with a heat pump cycle unit and a large hot water storage tank as separate devices, connected by piping or the like, and when using hot water during the day, Hot water taken out from the upper part of the hot water storage tank and tap water are mixed with a mixing valve so as to be supplied at an appropriate temperature. However, since the heat pump cycle unit and the hot water storage tank are separate devices, it is necessary to construct a water pipe that connects the heat pump cycle unit and the hot water storage tank at the installation location.

  In this regard, the heat pump hot water supply apparatus described in Patent Document 2 includes a heat pump cycle and a hot water storage tank for storing a large amount of hot water boiled in the heat pump cycle, housed in one cabinet (housing). It is structured. According to this, the inside of a cabinet is partitioned up and down by a partition plate, and a hot water storage tank is disposed in a space below the partition plate, and a high-temperature water refrigerant heat exchanger and compression are disposed in a space below the hot water storage tank. The evaporator is disposed in a space above the partition plate, and an evaporator fan is disposed in the space above the partition plate. Moreover, the evaporator is arrange | positioned so that an outer shell may be formed along the front surface, side surface, or back surface of a cabinet.

  On the other hand, in recent years, a heat pump hot water supply apparatus capable of instantaneous hot water supply without storing hot water, that is, an instantaneous heat pump hot water supply apparatus has been developed. This instantaneous type does not require a large-capacity hot water storage tank, but has an instantaneous heating capability that can boil as much as necessary when using hot water and a direct hot water supply circuit. Can be solved. For example, in the heat pump hot water supply apparatus introduced in Patent Document 3, water branched from a water supply pipe is mixed with hot water heated by a water-refrigerant heat exchanger that heats feed water with a refrigerant in a heat pump cycle, and hot water is supplied directly. I am doing so. In addition, in the heat pump hot water supply apparatus introduced in Patent Document 4, in addition to the structure of Patent Document 3, a small auxiliary hot water storage tank is provided and heated by a water refrigerant heat exchanger for a short time until the heat pump cycle starts. The hot water stored in the hot water storage tank and the water branched from the water supply pipe are mixed so that the hot water supply can be further improved.

JP-A-9-126547 JP 2002-310499 A JP 2004-69195 A JP 2003-279133 A

  However, since the heat pump water heater described in Patent Document 1 is divided into a separate device for the heat pump cycle unit and the hot water storage tank, the transportability is good, but the water pipe connecting the heat pump cycle unit and the hot water storage tank locally. Therefore, there is a problem that workability is poor. In this respect, the heat pump hot water supply apparatus described in Patent Document 2 is integrated by integrating the heat pump cycle unit and the hot water storage tank in the same cabinet, so that the workability is improved because there is no need for local water piping or the like. ing.

  However, the heat pump water heaters described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 are hot water storage systems that use inexpensive nighttime electricity, store hot water in a hot water storage tank at midnight, and cover the amount used during the day. Therefore, there is a problem that the height of the apparatus is high and a large installation area and sufficient floor strength are required. For example, since the heat pump type hot water supply apparatus of Patent Document 2 has a heat pump cycle section and a hot water storage tank stacked up and down, if the capacity of the hot water storage tank is 300 to 500 liters, the height of the cabinet is 2000 mm. It will greatly exceed, and there are problems in installation and transportability. That is, in the heat pump hot water supply apparatus of the methods of Patent Documents 1 and 2, the height dimension of the cabinet is about 2000 mm and the depth is 500 mm or more. Further, the heat pump hot water supply devices described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 have a problem that, when the hot water is used up, it takes time to boil the hot water to be used next.

  In this respect, since the heat pump type hot water supply apparatus of Patent Documents 3 and 4 is a so-called instantaneous type, the hot water can be boiled and supplied relatively quickly, and the hot water storage tank can be downsized. However, the prior arts described in Patent Documents 3 and 4 have room to be improved for downsizing the heat pump type hot water supply apparatus. That is, when the apparatus is transported to install a heat pump type hot water supply apparatus in a general apartment or a single-family house in an urban area, the transportation and installation work is extremely difficult due to its heavy weight. In particular, because the height is high, it is impossible to get on a general elevator even when the apparatus is standing as it is or when it is laid down sideways, which necessitates the use of stairs. Further, when transported in a state where it is tilted sideways, there is a problem that the stepwise corner portion of a condominium or the like having a narrow passage cannot be bent because the lateral dimension increases.

  In this regard, the heat pump type hot water supply device described in Patent Document 3 has the main equipment stacked in the height direction with the aim of saving space, so that the height of the device becomes very high, so that it can be transported during installation. There's a problem. Moreover, the heat pump hot water supply apparatus described in Patent Document 4 is downsized by integrating a heat pump cycle unit and a hot water storage tank side by side in a cabinet. However, the compressor is installed in the storage space in the space below the evaporator, but since the cylindrical compressor is installed in an upright position, trying to reduce the device height (height), There is a risk that the heat dissipation area will be insufficient. If enough heat dissipation area is to be secured, it is conceivable to place the compressor storage chamber over the projection area of the evaporator heat dissipation surface, but the flow of heat dissipation airflow in the overlapping area will deteriorate and the heat exchange efficiency will decrease. There is a problem to do. When the heat exchange rate is impaired, frosting is likely to occur and freezing is likely to occur. In particular, when the defrost water tray is frozen, the function of the heat pump water heater may be lost.

  This invention makes it a subject to miniaturize a hot-water supply apparatus in consideration of workability etc., and to prevent freezing of the defrost water of an evaporator.

  In order to solve the above problems, the present invention employs a heat pump hot water supply device that can reduce the capacity of a hot water storage tank and can instantaneously supply hot water, and further downsizes the device in consideration of workability and the like. Basically, it should be possible to supply hot water to users.

  In particular, the heat pump hot water supply apparatus of the present invention exchanges heat between a compressor that compresses the refrigerant, a refrigerant flow path through which the refrigerant compressed by the compressor flows, and a water flow path through which the water supplied from the water supply circuit flows. A water-refrigerant heat exchanger to be performed, a decompression device that decompresses the refrigerant whose temperature has decreased in the water-refrigerant heat exchanger, an evaporator that evaporates the refrigerant decompressed by the decompression device and returns the refrigerant to the compressor, and the water A hot water storage tank connected to a hot water supply pipe for supplying hot water heated by a refrigerant heat exchanger to a hot water supply port is housed in a housing, and the compressor is partitioned in a space below the evaporator. It is arrange | positioned in a storage chamber, The saucer which receives the defrost water of the said evaporator is used as a one part member which divides the said storage chamber, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

  That is, according to the present invention, since the compressor is housed in the lower space of the evaporator, the necessary heat radiation area of the evaporator is set so that the height, width, and depth dimensions of the apparatus are suppressed to desired values. Thus, the apparatus can be miniaturized.

  In particular, according to the present invention, since the tray that receives the defrost water of the evaporator is used as a part of the storage chamber, the temperature in the storage chamber rises due to the heat generated by the compressor. Since the defrost water tray is heated, it is possible to prevent the defrost water in the tray from freezing.

  If the storage chamber of the compressor is made small, the temperature of the compressor rises and the temperature of the discharged refrigerant rises, the amount of heat that can be recovered by the water refrigerant heat exchanger increases, and the heating capacity of the heat pump cycle Can be improved. As a result, the hot water storage tank capacity can be reduced and the apparatus can be miniaturized. Further, the height dimension of the hot water storage tank can be made equal to the height of the apparatus, and if the capacity is constant, the diameter of the hot water storage tank can be reduced to reduce the lateral width and depth dimension of the apparatus.

  In the above case, the evaporator preferably forms part of the side wall and the back wall of the housing. According to this, it can be arranged so that the storage space of the compressor does not overlap the heat radiating surface of the evaporator, and uniform heat exchange is performed over the entire heat radiating surface of the evaporator. The problem of frost growth can be avoided.

  Further, the compressor has a cylindrical outer shell, and is arranged with the cylindrical axis of the outer shell facing sideways, and a part of the refrigerant pipe connected to the compressor is placed in a projection plane below the evaporator. It is preferable to provide it in the position. According to this, since the tray for defrost water is heated by the heat of the refrigerant pipe in addition to the heat of the compressor, it is possible to further prevent the defrost water in the tray from freezing. Moreover, since the opening of the storage chamber of a compressor can be made small, it can contribute to narrowing the horizontal width of the whole apparatus. Moreover, since the volume of the storage chamber is reduced, not only can the temperature of the discharged refrigerant further increase due to the increase in the temperature of the storage chamber and the defrost water in the tray can be further prevented from freezing, but also the heating capacity of the heat pump cycle can be improved. be able to. Further, by reducing the height of the compression chamber, it is possible to sufficiently secure the heat radiation area of the evaporator and reduce the height of the entire apparatus.

  Further, according to the present invention, the housing includes a base to which the compressor and the hot water storage tank are attached, and a leg portion attached to the base, and the capacity of the hot water storage tank is 100 liters at the maximum and includes the leg portion. The height of the housing can be up to 1600 mm.

  In addition, two sets of heat pump cycles including a compressor, a water refrigerant heat exchanger, a decompression device, and an evaporator are provided, and the compressor of each set of heat pump cycles has a cylindrical outer shell. It is preferable that the shaft is disposed in the storage chamber with the sideways. As a result, the heating capacity of the hot water supply can be enhanced, the discharge gas temperature of both can be increased, and the compressor can be miniaturized, so that the height of the apparatus can be reduced.

  According to the present invention, since the hot water supply apparatus can be reduced in size, workability and the like can be improved, and freezing of defrost water in the evaporator can be prevented.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a front view of the heat pump water heater of the present embodiment, and is a view in which a front plate is removed. FIG. 2 is a system configuration diagram of the heat pump water heater of this embodiment. FIG. 3 is a top view of the heat pump hot water supply apparatus of FIG. 1, with the electrical component box 4 of FIG. 1 removed. FIG. 4 is an internal configuration diagram as viewed from the line IV-IV in FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VV in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the heat pump hot water supply apparatus of the present embodiment includes two sets of heat pump hot water supply circuits 101 a and 101 b that constitute a heat pump cycle, and is configured to ensure instantaneous hot water supply capacity. Each heat pump hot-water supply circuit 101a, b is filled with, for example, carbon dioxide refrigerant as a refrigerant. The refrigerant of the heat pump water heater is preferably a carbon dioxide refrigerant that can be used in the supercritical region and is a natural refrigerant, but the present invention is not limited to this.

  The high-temperature refrigerant compressed by the compressors 102a and 102b constituting the heat pump hot water supply circuits 101a and 101b passes through the refrigerant-side heat transfer tubes 103a and 103b provided in the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 103, and is expanded as a decompression device. It is led to the evaporators 105a and 105b via the valves 104a and 104b to evaporate and is returned to the compressors 102a and 102b again. The evaporators 105a and 105b are provided with fans 106a and 106b, respectively.

  The compressors 102a and 102b are formed so as to be capable of capacity control, and are operated with a large capacity when a large amount of hot water is supplied. That is, the compressors 102a and 102b can control the rotation speed from a low speed (for example, 1000 rotations / minute) to a high speed (for example, 8000 rotations / minute) by PWM control, voltage control (for example, PAM control) or a combination control thereof. It is configured. The expansion valves 104a and 104b are configured to depressurize the high-pressure refrigerant whose temperature has decreased due to heat radiation by the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 103, and introduce the two-phase refrigerant into the evaporators 105a and 105b. The evaporators 105a and 105b perform heat exchange between the air and the refrigerant by the outdoor air passed by the fan 106, and evaporate the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant.

  The water-refrigerant heat exchanger 103 is provided with heat supply side heat transfer tubes 103c, d that are thermally coupled to the refrigerant side heat transfer tubes 103a, 103b, respectively. Water to be heated is supplied through the water supply circuit 110. The water supply circuit 110 has a water supply fitting 111 connected to a water supply source such as a water supply, a pressure reducing valve 112, a water supply water amount sensor 113, a solenoid valve 116 (can be omitted), a check valve 114, and a flow rate sensor 115 sequentially connected by piping. It is configured. The reason why the pipes are branched into the water supply side heat transfer tubes 103c and 103d on the inlet side of the water refrigerant heat exchanger 103 is to reduce pressure loss in the water supply circuit 110. In addition, the refrigerant side heat transfer tubes 103a and 103b and the water supply side heat transfer tubes 103c and d of the water refrigerant heat exchanger 103 are formed so that the refrigerant flow and the water supply flow are opposed to each other. Heat exchange is performed with water. That is, the low temperature water at the inlet of the water supply side heat transfer tubes 103c, d is gradually heated as it passes through the water supply side heat transfer tubes 103c, 103d, and the operation control means at the outlet of the water supply side heat transfer tubes 103c, 103d. The temperature is raised to a temperature close to the set temperature.

  Hot hot water discharged from the outlets of the water supply side heat transfer tubes 103 c and 103 d is supplied from the hot water supply fitting 121 to the hot water supply port via the hot water supply circuit 120. That is, the hot water supply circuit 120 is connected to the hot water supply fitting 121 by sequentially connecting the outlets of the water supply side heat transfer tubes 103c and 103d, the first mixing valve 122, the second mixing valve 123, and the flow rate adjusting valve 124 by piping. Connected and configured. The first mixing valve 122 is connected to the top of the hot water storage tank 130 by a pipe line. Accordingly, the first mixing valve 122 has a function of storing hot hot water heated by the water refrigerant heat exchanger 103 in the hot water storage tank 130 and a hot water heated by the water refrigerant heat exchanger 103 in the hot water storage tank 130. It has a function of mixing hot water, adjusting the temperature to a set temperature set by the operation control means, and supplying hot water. The second mixing valve 123 is connected to a water pipe branched from the downstream side of the water supply flow rate sensor 113 of the water supply circuit 110, and thereby water supplied from the water supply circuit 110 to the hot water of the hot water supply circuit 120. Can be adjusted to a set temperature (about 35 to 60 ° C.) set by the operation control means. The hot water adjusted to the set temperature in this way is supplied from the hot water supply fitting 121 to the place of use via the flow rate adjustment valve 124. The flow rate adjustment valve 124 is a proportional valve that restricts the amount of hot water supply in order to enable hot water supply at a predetermined temperature or higher depending on the heating capacity of the heat pump cycle 101. It comes to restrict.

  On the other hand, the bottom of the hot water storage tank 130 is connected to the upstream side of the check valve 110 of the water supply circuit 110 via a pipe 131 and connected to the suction port of the circulation pump 133 via a pipe 132. The discharge port of the circulation pump 133 is connected to the downstream side of the check valve 114 of the hot water supply circuit 110 via a pipe 134. Thereby, the hot water at the bottom of the hot water storage tank 130 is extracted, heated through the water supply side heat transfer tubes 103c, d of the water refrigerant heat exchanger 103, and returned to the top of the hot water storage tank 130 via the first mixing valve 122. The system is configured. Further, the hot water in the hot water storage tank 130 is pushed out by the supply water pressure supplied through the water supply fitting 111 and supplied to the hot water supply fitting 121 through the first mixing valve 122. A drain valve 135 is provided at the bottom of the hot water storage tank 130, and a relief valve 136 is provided in a connection pipe of the first mixing valve 122 to the hot water storage tank 130.

  Next, a hot water supply circuit and a reheating circuit for the bathtub 140 will be described. Hot water can be poured directly into the bathtub 140 from a hot water tap (not shown) connected to the hot water fitting 121. However, a pouring circuit can be configured as shown. That is, the pouring circuit branches from the downstream side of the flow rate adjustment valve 124 to provide the pouring electromagnetic valve 141, and the outlet side of the pouring electromagnetic valve 141 is connected to the flow switch 142, the reheating pump 143, the water level sensor 144, and the pouring solenoid valve 141. The hot metal fittings 145 are sequentially connected by piping. And the pouring metal fitting 145 is connected to the bottom part of the bathtub 140 through piping. The pouring solenoid valve 141 is provided with a check valve, a water amount sensor, and an air release valve.

  On the other hand, the reheating circuit pumps hot water in the bathtub from the piping connected to the bottom of the bathtub 140 via the water level sensor 144 and the pouring metal fitting 145 by the reheating pump 143, and the pouring electromagnetic valve 141 side of the flow switch 142 Then, it is led to a reheating heat exchanger 147 through a pipe line 146 branched from and heated. The hot water reheated by the reheating heat exchanger 147 is configured to return from the reheating pouring metal fitting 149 to the bottom of the bathtub 140 via the pipe 148.

  The reheating heat exchanger 147 is formed by thermally connecting a hot water side heat transfer tube 147a and a reheating side heat transfer tube 147b. One end of the hot water side heat transfer tube 147 a is connected to the upstream side of the first mixing valve 122 through the electromagnetic on-off valve 150 and the check valve 151, and the other end is connected to the suction side of the circulation pump 133. Therefore, by driving the circulation pump 133, high-temperature hot water heated by the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 103 is circulated and supplied to the hot water-side heat transfer tube 147a of the reheating heat exchanger 147, and the reheating-side heat transfer tube 147b is supplied. Return hot water in the flowing bathtub 140 is chased away.

  The operation control means performs operation and stop of the heat pump hot water supply circuits 101a and 101b and control of the rotation speed of the compressors 102a and 102b according to operation settings of the control circuit, bath remote control, kitchen remote control and the like and detection values of each sensor. The second mixing valve 123, the flow rate adjustment valve 124, and the like are controlled. Each sensor includes a temperature sensor that detects the temperature state of each part, a pressure sensor that detects pressure, a water amount sensor that detects the amount of water, and the like. Further, the hot water storage tank 130 is provided with temperature sensors 137a to 137c for detecting the level of hot water temperature equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature and controlling the amount of hot water storage.

  With this configuration, according to the present embodiment, when the faucet of the hot water supply terminal connected to the hot water supply fitting 121 is opened, the water that flows in from the water supply fitting 111 due to the water pressure flows into the water supply circuit 110, When the water amount sensor 113 detects water supply, operation of the heat pump hot water supply circuits 101a, 101b is started by the operation control means. As a result, the water flowing through the water supply circuit 110 is guided to the water refrigerant heat exchanger 103 and is heated from about 35 ° C. to about 60 ° C. by the heat exchange, and the heated hot water is directly supplied via the second mixing valve 123. Is done. Further, the amount of hot water supply can be adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of the flow rate adjustment valve 124.

  The operation of the heat pump hot water supply circuit 101 a, b is operated by operating the compressors 102 a, b and the fans 106 a, b, flowing high-temperature high-pressure carbon dioxide refrigerant into the refrigerant-side heat transfer tubes 103 a, b of the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 103, Heat supply water is heated by exchanging heat with the water flowing through the water supply side heat transfer tubes 103c, 103d of the heat exchanger 103. The carbon dioxide refrigerant cooled by water is decompressed by the expansion valves 104a and 104b, and is introduced into the evaporators 105a and 105b as a two-phase flow of a low-temperature gas and liquid. The refrigerant evaporated in the evaporators 105a and 105b becomes a low-pressure gas refrigerant and is returned to the compressors 102a and 102b to form a heat pump cycle. The water in the lower part of the hot water storage tank 130 is supplied to the water side heat transfer pipes 103 c, d of the water refrigerant heat exchanger 103 by the circulation pump 133 and heated, and the upper part of the hot water storage tank 130 is passed through the first mixing valve 122. Returned to Thus, a hot water storage operation is performed in which hot water is sequentially stored in the hot water storage tank 130 from above. By repeating this, when the entire water in the hot water storage tank 130 becomes hot water at the set temperature, the operation of the compressors 102a and 102b and the fans 106a and 106b is stopped, and the heat pump hot water supply circuits 101a and 101b are stopped.

  In addition, the heat pump hot water supply apparatus of the present embodiment has a predetermined hot water temperature that is set by the operation control means for the temperature of the hot water heated by the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 103 for a short time until the operation of the heat pump hot water supply circuits 101a and 101b starts. Because it is lower, the hot water heated by the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 103 and the high-temperature hot water of about 60 to 90 ° C. stored in a small hot water storage tank 130 of about 30 to 100 liters are mixed by the first mixing valve 122. Thus, hot water can be supplied by adjusting to warm water close to a predetermined temperature. Furthermore, hot water having a predetermined hot water supply temperature (about 35 to 60 ° C.) set by the operation control means can be supplied by mixing low temperature water branched from the water supply pipe with the second mixing valve 123. Thus, this embodiment is a small hot water supply apparatus that is excellent in usability. When the inlet of the first mixing valve 122 on the hot water storage tank 130 side is opened, hot hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 130 is pushed out by the water pressure. Further, when the operation of the heat pump hot water supply circuits 101a and 101b is started, hot water heated by the water / refrigerant heat exchanger 103 is directly supplied through the first mixing valve 122 and the second water mixing valve 123. It functions as a so-called instantaneous heat pump water heater. As described above, according to the present embodiment, the hot water in the hot water storage tank 130 is used only when the hot water heated by the heat pump cycle 101 and the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 103 does not reach a predetermined temperature, such as when starting up. Since the hot water is supplied as hot water at a predetermined temperature using the hot water, the capacity of the hot water storage tank 130 can be small.

  Hereinafter, a configuration of an embodiment in which a heat pump water heater having a system configured as described above is housed in one cabinet will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 3 to 5. In FIG. 2, the portion of the bathtub 140 surrounded by the broken line 152 and the piping connecting the hot metal fittings 145 and 149 and the bathtub 140 are not included in the constituent members of the heat pump hot water supply apparatus of this embodiment.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 to 5, the heat pump hot water supply apparatus 1 is a compressor that divides the inside of a box-shaped cabinet 2 into left and right spaces by a partition plate 3 and constitutes a heat pump cycle 101 in a left space. Components such as 102a and 102b, evaporators 105a and 105b, fans 106a and 106b, and electric box 4 are accommodated. On the other hand, in the space on the right side of the partition plate 3, the water refrigerant heat exchanger 103 formed in a coil shape, the cylindrical hot water storage tank 130 inserted in the coil of the water refrigerant heat exchanger 103, and the right side Components such as a reheating heat exchanger 147 positioned at a corner (see FIGS. 3 and 4) on the back side of the space and an electrical component box 5 positioned on the front side of the water / refrigerant heat exchanger 103 are accommodated. ing. In other words, the partition plate 3 serves to shut off air and heat between the evaporators 105a and 105b and the hot water storage tank 103 side. The base 6 at the bottom of the cabinet 2 is provided by a leg 7 so as to float from the installation surface. Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the partition board 3 is provided on the back side of the cabinet 2 so as to be bent so as to turn to the back side of the hot water storage tank 130. Thereby, even if the horizontal width of the cabinet 2 is narrowed, the necessary areas of the evaporators 105a and 105b are ensured.

  The compressors 102 a and 102 b and the hot water storage tank 130 are fixedly supported on the base 6. The upper space where the evaporators 105a and 105b and the fans 106a and 106b are provided and the lower space where the compressors 102a and 102b are provided are partitioned by a partition plate 8. As shown in FIG. 5, the partition plate 8 is formed so as to cover the upper surface side and the front surface side of the compressors 102a and 102b. That is, the storage chamber 10 of the compressors 102 a and 102 b is partitioned by the base 6, the partition plate 8, the partition plate 3, and the front and rear walls and side walls of the cabinet 2. In particular, the compressors 102a and 102b are formed to have a cylindrical outer shell, and are arranged side by side in the cabinet 2 as shown in FIG. .

  The evaporators 105a and 105b are configured to have two refrigerant circuits that are divided into two upper and lower stages, or arranged in a mixed manner. For example, the evaporators 105a and 105b are formed of so-called cross fin tube heat exchangers in which heat transfer tubes constituting a refrigerant circuit are arranged in a meandering manner and a plurality of fins are attached to the heat transfer tubes. Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the evaporators 105 a and 105 b are bent in an L shape so as to form most of one side surface and the back surface of the cabinet 2, and are formed as an outline of the heat pump hot water supply device 1. . Further, the fans 106a and 106b are vertically mounted on mounting legs 11 provided along the evaporators 105a and 105b as shown in the drawing. The fans 106a and 106b take in air from outside the cabinet 1 and forcibly evaporate the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant in the evaporators 105a and 105b.

  The electrical component box 4 forms the upper surface of the cabinet 2, and the electrical component box 4 contains a control circuit for controlling the operation of the compressors 102 a and 102 b and the fans 106 a and 106 b. The electrical box 5 is disposed on the front surface of the cabinet 2, and the operation of the heat pump hot water supply circuits 101a and 101b is stopped in the electrical box 5 according to the operation settings of the remote controller of the heat pump hot water supply apparatus 1 and the detection values of the sensors. The control circuit etc. which performs are accommodated.

  The water refrigerant heat exchanger 103 is formed by winding the refrigerant side heat transfer tubes 103a, 103b and the water supply side heat transfer tubes 103c, d around the outer periphery of the hot water storage tank 130 as shown in the figure. For example, the refrigerant side heat transfer tubes 103a and 103b are alternately overlapped to form a coil, and the water supply side heat transfer tubes 103c and 103b are wound around these overlapping portions, and are formed by being thermally and firmly coupled by brazing or the like. ing. The upper ends of the refrigerant side heat transfer tubes 103a and 103b are connected to the discharge sides of the compressors 102a and 102b through the pipes 107a and 108a, and the lower ends are connected to the pipes 107b and 108b, the expansion valves 104a and b, and the pipe 107c. , 108c and connected to one end of the evaporators 105a, 105b. The other ends of the evaporators 105a and b are connected to the suction sides of the compressors 102a and 102b through pipes 107d and 108d. As shown in FIG. 4, the pipes 107d and 108d are formed by bending portions where the suction ports of the compressors 102a and 102b are connected. As a result, the vibrations of the compressors 102a and 102b are absorbed by the bent portions of the pipes 107d and 108d, and the noise generated by the vibrations of the compressors 102a and 102b being transmitted to the evaporators 105a and 105b is reduced. Further, a part including the bent portions of the pipes 107d and 108d is disposed in the projection plane below the evaporators 105a and 105b.

  On the front side of the lower part of the hot water storage tank 130, a joint mounting plate 12 is provided across the partition plate 3 and the side wall of the cabinet 2. The joint mounting plate 12 is attached with the water supply fitting 111, the hot water supply fitting 121, the pouring fitting 145, and the reheating pouring fitting 149 shown in FIG. The water supply fitting 111 is connected to the lower ends of the water supply side heat transfer tubes 103c, d, and the hot water supply fitting 121 is connected to the upper ends of the water supply side heat transfer tubes 103c, d. Thereby, the flow in the refrigerant | coolant side heat exchanger tube 103a, b and the water supply side heat exchanger tube 103c, d forms the counter flow.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 5, a defrosting water receiving tray 13 is disposed over the entire length of the lower ends of the evaporators 105a and 105b. The tray 13 is made of a material having thermal conductivity such as metal and is provided so as to form a part of the partition wall of the storage chamber 10 in which the compressors 102a and 102b are stored. That is, the bottom surface of the tray 13 is disposed at the same level as the partition plate 8. As a result, the defrost water in the tray 13 can be prevented from freezing due to the heat in the storage chamber 10.

  In addition, in order to avoid complexity, in FIG. 1, FIG. 3-5, description of other components, such as pumps, piping, valves, sensors shown in FIG. 2, is abbreviate | omitted.

  According to the heat pump water heater of the present embodiment configured as described above, the following effects can be obtained.

  First, the height dimension of the heat pump hot water supply apparatus 1 is governed by the height of the evaporators 105 a and 105 b and the height of the hot water storage tank 130. Further, the width or depth dimension is governed by the areas of the evaporators 105 a and 105 b and the capacity of the hot water storage tank 130. Further, since the compressors 102a and 102b are relatively large components, the height, width and depth of the apparatus are affected. In consideration of these, in the present embodiment, the cylindrical hot water storage tank 130 is formed in a vertical shape and arranged in a space next to the evaporators 105a and 105b, and further, the compressors 102a and 102b formed in a cylindrical shape are provided. It is arranged in a space below the evaporators 105a and 105b with the cylindrical axis facing sideways.

  For example, in order to reduce the height (height) of the heat pump water heater 1, it is desirable to reduce the height dimension of the storage chamber 10. On the other hand, in this kind of heat pump hot water supply apparatus 1, it is economical to mount one large-capacity compressor having the required capacity (pushing amount). Moreover, it is common to stand up and use the cylindrical shaft of the compressor formed in the cylindrical shape from the relationship of lubricating oil. Therefore, when one compressor is used, the height dimension occupied by the compressor becomes large and the size in the radial direction becomes very large, and the height dimension of the storage chamber 10 becomes high. I have to make it.

  Therefore, in the present embodiment, the heights occupied by the compressors 102a and 102b are significantly reduced by arranging the compressors 102a and 102b sideways. In particular, according to the present embodiment, the heat pump cycle is divided into two systems, and the two compressors 102a and 102b are installed side by side, so that the height dimension of the storage chamber 10 can be made extremely low. it can. As a result, the dimension of the height H of the heat pump water heater 1 itself can be 1600 mm at the maximum.

  In addition, according to the present embodiment, the evaporators 105a and 105b are compressed while suppressing the height of the evaporators 105a and 105b in view of the fact that the necessary lateral width can be secured by using the side walls and the rear wall of the cabinet 2. Since the machines 102a and 102b are disposed below the evaporators 105a and 105b, the overall height of the apparatus can be reduced. As a result, the hot water storage tank 130 can be sufficiently high, and the required capacity can be ensured even if the diameter is reduced, so that the lateral width and depth dimension of the apparatus can be easily suppressed to desired values.

  In addition, the heating capacity of the heat pump cycle can be improved by increasing the temperature of the compressors 102a and 102b within a range that is allowed in consideration of reliability. In this regard, conventionally, no attempt has been made to raise the temperature of the compressor in the storage chamber. That is, according to the present embodiment, the two compressors 102a and 102b can be installed in the storage chamber 10, and the volume occupancy of the compressors 102a and 102b can be increased to about 30%. The heating temperature can be improved by increasing the internal temperature and promoting heat exchange in the water-refrigerant heat exchanger 103. Moreover, the temperature of the warm water heated can be raised rather than before. As a result, the capacity of the hot water storage tank 130 can be reduced, which can contribute to downsizing of the apparatus.

  In addition, according to the present embodiment, the water refrigerant heat exchanger 103 is formed in a coil shape, and the hot water storage tank 130 is disposed in the space occupied by the coil. The device can be miniaturized.

  Further, according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the pipe connecting the suction ports of the compressors 102a and 102b and the evaporators 105a and 105b is bent, and the pipe including the bent portion is formed. Since it is disposed in the projection plane below the evaporators 105a and 105b, the lateral width of the apparatus can be reduced as described below. That is, in this embodiment, the pipes connected to the suction ports and the discharge ports of the compressors 102a and 102b are drawn from both ends of the compressors 102a and 102b that are disposed sideways. For example, the apparatus width is equal to the length of 350 mm of the compressors 102a and 102b plus the length necessary for the pipes on both sides. The piping on both sides needs to be 100 to 150 mm in consideration of the moldability or brazability of the copper pipe. Therefore, although the entrance of the storage chamber 10 is 450 to 500 mm, if the width of the entire heat pump hot water supply apparatus 1 is set to 900 mm in consideration of installation properties, the entrance of the storage chamber 10 is secured to 450 to 500 mm. Quite difficult. Moreover, it is difficult to accommodate the two compressors 102a and 102b and install the piping and the like. In addition, it is necessary to avoid placing the storage chamber 10 so as to overlap the projection area of the heat dissipation surface of the evaporators 105a and 105b because the heat exchange efficiency is reduced by hindering the flow of the heat dissipation airflow. If it tries to ensure, it will lead to narrowing the frontage of the storage chamber 10. Therefore, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, a part including the bent portions of the pipes 107d and 108d is positioned in the projection plane below the evaporators 105a and 105b, thereby sufficiently securing the entrance of the storage chamber 10. I am trying to do it. Accordingly, the compressor 102a, b can be accommodated without enlarging the overall width of the heat pump water heater 1 having a width of 900 mm, and the defrosted water tray disposed at the lower ends of the evaporators 105a, b. 13 is heated by heat radiation of the pipes 107d and 108d and the compressors 102a and 102b.

  Moreover, according to this embodiment, since it arrange | positions so that the storage chamber 10 of a compressor may not overlap with the thermal radiation surface of evaporator 105a, b, uniform heat exchange over the whole thermal radiation surface of evaporator 105a, b. Is done. Therefore, it is possible to avoid the problem that frost partially grows due to poor air volume distribution. Moreover, since the defrosting water receiving tray 13 is heated by the heat radiation of the pipes 107d and 108d and the compressors 102a and 102b, the defrosting water in the receiving tray 13 can be prevented from freezing, and the function of the heat pump water heater 1 There is no risk of loss.

  For these reasons, according to the present embodiment, the tank capacity of the hot water storage tank 130 can be suppressed to a maximum of 100 liters and the height can be lowered. For example, when the tank capacity is 100 liters and the height is 1200 mm, the diameter of the heat pump water heater 1 can be gathered up to a maximum of 300 mm with respect to the depth dimension of 450 mm.

  In addition, in order to set the tank capacity to 100 liters, it is necessary to quickly obtain the hot water temperature desired by the user by the water refrigerant heat exchanger 103. In this regard, according to the present embodiment, two compressors 102a and 102b are provided in the storage chamber 10, and the temperature in the storage chamber 10 is increased to increase the discharge gas temperature of the compressor. Since the hot water temperature which can be heated by 103 can be raised to 35-60 degreeC, for example, it can respond to a user's request | requirement. That is, the hot water in the hot water storage tank 130 can be supplementarily used at the start of operation of the heat pump circuits 102a, 102b, etc., so that the height of the hot water storage tank 130 can be reduced to a maximum of 1200 mm.

  In addition, when this type of heat pump water heater 1 is to be installed on a terrace of an urban condominium, the depth dimension is required to be 450 mm at maximum, but if the diameter of the hot water storage tank 130 is designed around 300 mm, this requirement is met. It is done.

  From the above, according to the present embodiment, by setting the capacity of the hot water storage tank 130 to a maximum of 100 liters (1200 mm × 300 mm cylinder), the heat pump hot water supply apparatus having a maximum height of 1600 mm even when the legs 7 are around 100 mm. 1 can be obtained. Moreover, a product can be made according to an existing module without expanding the width dimension of the heat pump water heater 1 to 900 mm or more. In addition, it is possible to carry a narrow staircase and the like, and it is possible to install it according to the building module.

  Further, according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the base 6 is floated by, for example, 100 mm from the normal installation surface (floor) by the legs 7, and further, the joint mounting plate 12 is provided, for example, 150 to 200 mm away from the base 6. For example, it is possible to easily bend and connect a pipe that is normally routed from the installation surface (floor) side by using its height space (250 to 300 mm).

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 4, in this embodiment, the hot water storage tank 130, the compressors 102a and 102b, and the evaporators 105a and 105b are arranged together on the back side of the cabinet 2, and the center of gravity of the heat pump hot water supply device 1 is the center of the device. It is characterized by being positioned behind the line. As a result, it is possible to suppress the apparatus from falling to the front passage side due to an earthquake or the like. That is, although the height of the heat pump hot water supply apparatus 1 can be reduced by this embodiment, it may have a maximum height of 1600 mm. Moreover, since the heat pump hot water supply apparatus 1 has two sets of heat pump cycles and the hot water storage tank 130, for example, the apparatus weight is 150 kg to 250 kg. Thus, when the tall and heavy heat pump water heater 1 is installed on a veranda or the like of an urban condominium or the like, if there is an earthquake or the like, there is a problem whether the heat pump water heater 1 cannot fall to the front passage side. However, according to this embodiment, such a problem can be solved.

  In addition, according to the present embodiment, the heat pump hot water supply device 1 is housed in the single cabinet 2, so it is possible to eliminate the piping between the devices at the time of installation and to reduce the size. And installation is simplified.

  In this embodiment, the outer dimension of the heat pump hot water supply apparatus 1 can be realized with a maximum height H including the leg 7 of 1600 mm, a maximum width W of 900 mm, and a maximum depth D of 500 mm. In addition, the height H dimension of the leg 4 is about 100 mm. The compressors 102a and 102b have a diameter of about 150 mm and a length of about 350 mm.

It is the front view of the heat pump hot-water supply apparatus of one embodiment of this invention, and is the figure which removed the front plate. FIG. 2 is a system configuration diagram of the heat pump water heater in FIG. It is the top view of the heat pump hot-water supply apparatus of FIG. 1, and is the figure which removed and showed the electrical equipment box 4 of FIG. It is an internal block diagram which looked at the downward direction from line IV-IV of FIG. FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line VV in FIG. 1.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Heat pump hot-water supply apparatus 2 Cabinet 3 Section plate 4, 5 Electrical goods box 6 Base 7 Leg 8 Partition plate 10 Storage chamber 12 Joint mounting plate 13 Receptacle 102a, b Compressor 103 Water refrigerant | coolant heat exchanger 104a, b Expansion valve 105a, b Evaporator 106a, b Fan 130 Hot water storage tank

Claims (5)

A compressor that compresses the refrigerant, a water refrigerant heat exchanger that performs heat exchange between the refrigerant flow path through which the refrigerant compressed by the compressor flows and the water flow path through which water supplied from the water supply circuit flows, and the water A decompressor for decompressing the refrigerant whose temperature has been reduced by the refrigerant heat exchanger, an evaporator for evaporating the refrigerant decompressed by the decompressor and returning it to the compressor, and hot water heated by the water refrigerant heat exchanger. A hot water storage tank connected to a hot water supply pipe to be supplied to a hot water outlet is housed in a housing, and is configured.
The compressor is disposed in a storage chamber that is partitioned in a space below the evaporator, and a tray that receives defrosted water from the evaporator is used as a part of the storage chamber. Heat pump water heater.   The heat pump hot water supply apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the evaporator constitutes part of a side wall and a back wall of the housing.   The compressor has a cylindrical outer shell, and is arranged with the cylindrical axis of the outer shell facing sideways, and a part of the refrigerant pipe connected to the compressor is in a projection plane below the evaporator. The heat pump hot-water supply apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the heat pump hot-water supply apparatus is located in the area.   The housing includes a base to which the compressor and the hot water storage tank are attached, and a leg portion attached to the base, and the hot water storage tank has a capacity of up to 100 liters and includes the leg portion. The heat pump hot water supply apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a height dimension of the heat pump is 1600 mm at a maximum. Two sets of heat pump cycles comprising the compressor, the water-refrigerant heat exchanger, the pressure reducing device, and the evaporator are provided, and the compressor of each set of heat pump cycles has a cylindrical outer shell, and the outer shell The heat pump hot water supply apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the heat pump hot water supply apparatus is arranged in the storage chamber with a cylindrical axis of the horizontal direction of the horizontal axis.

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