JP2006089999A - Building structural member, building skeleton, and building - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a building structural member which is for use in a steel skeleton structure and exerts an effect on improved fire resistance and strength, and to provide a building skeleton and a building. <P>SOLUTION: The building structural member is formed of a steel member, and a plurality of wooden members 5, 6 which have been subjected to flame-retardant treatment and cover peripheral areas of the steel member as fire resistant cover members by using bolts 14 and screws 10. Then the steel member 2 and the wooden members 5, 6 are abutted on and fixed to each other, and therefore the wooden members 5, 6 function as reinforcing materials of the steel member 2. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a building structure material, a framework of a building, and a building with improved fireproof covering means in a steel structure.

Steel structure buildings have the risk of structural materials being deformed and destroyed by high temperatures during a fire, so the fire resistance standards are in accordance with Article 107 of the Building Standards Law Enforcement Ordinance. It is prescribed as
In order to satisfy this fire resistance standard, various fireproof coating methods have been conventionally implemented. For example, a method of placing concrete around a steel member or applying mortar, a method of attaching a molded plate such as an ALC plate or calcium silicate plate to a steel member, adjusting rock wool into a paste with Portland cement and water, and using a spray gun A fireproof coating method such as a spraying method is common.

  Among the above-mentioned methods, especially, the method of adjusting and spraying rock wool into a paste is a method that is frequently used because the fireproof coating can be made thin and the fireproof time can be defined by the sprayed thickness. However, as a problem, not only a dedicated machine for spraying is required, but also skill is required for on-site mortar blending and uniform spraying, and the construction period is long and the construction time and labor are shortened. It is difficult. Furthermore, in order to prevent the influence on the human body by the scattering of rock wool fibers, it takes time to ensure the safety of the work site. Further, since the fireproof coating of the steel frame is brittle and easily peeled off due to the vibration of the steel frame, there is a problem that a so-called pre-installation work in which rock wool is sprayed on the steel frame at a factory cannot be performed. Moreover, the state after construction is poor in appearance, and it is necessary to take measures such as hiding the periphery of the steel member with a cosmetic material or the like.

As means for solving these problems, Patent Document 1 discloses an invention using wood as a fireproof coating. The invention described in Patent Document 1 is an invention in which a steel member, which is a structural material, is coated with wood as a fireproof coating material, and does not require a fireproof coating by spraying rock wool or the like. In addition, regarding fire resistance, even if the surface of wood, which is a fireproof coating material, burns in the event of a fire, the carbonized layer formed on that part has a heat shielding power, so it reaches the deep part of the fireproof coating material. There is no rapid combustion, the inside of the formed carbonized layer is kept at a relatively low temperature, and the steel member is not burned out or the proof stress is not reduced by heating, thus maintaining safety. , And is described. Further, it is described that the fireproof covering material can be used as a finishing material because it is made of wood.
JP 2000-177752 A

However, in the fireproof coating material expected for the carbonized layer formed during the fire of wood as in the invention described in Patent Document 1, the carbonization rate in the thickness direction of the wood layer is about 0.6 to 0.8 mm / min. For this reason, it is necessary to increase the thickness of the timber in order to secure the fireproof time. However, although the burning time can be delayed by increasing the thickness of the wood, which is a fireproof covering material, there is little effect of suppressing combustion, so the building will eventually burn out. Moreover, the wood which is a fireproof covering material of patent document 1 does not assist the intensity | strength of a steel frame member, and all the strength bears with a steel frame member.
Accordingly, the present invention is intended to solve the above-mentioned problems all at once, and a building structure material having a fireproof coating material effective in improving fireproof performance and strength, and a framework of a building using the same. It is to provide a building.

  In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the building structural material of the invention according to claim 1 is such that the fire-resistant wood member is used as a fireproof covering material around the steel member by fixing means such as bolts, screws and adhesives. It is characterized by being covered and fixed.

  Moreover, the building structure material of the invention described in claim 2 is characterized in that the above-mentioned flame-retardant treated wood member is fixed to the steel member so as to be a reinforcing member for the steel member. To do.

  The building framework of the invention of claim 3 and the building of the invention of claim 4 are characterized in that the building structural material of claim 1 or claim 2 is used.

  The flame retardant treatment in the present invention refers to a treatment of impregnating a wood member (an organic material that is easily flammable) with a flame retardant agent or the like to change the material into a material that is difficult to burn. The wood member used in the present invention may be a single wood material or a composite of other materials such as wood and synthetic wood. The type of wood is not limited, and natural wood is used when design is important. If strength is important, the use of laminated wood or plywood is preferred. As a means of flame retardant treatment, for example, a quasi-incombustible certified material manufactured by impregnating a wood structure with an aqueous solution of boric acid compound in natural wood by a pressure reduction / pressurization method and drying it (Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism certified certificate Kokuju 1010 No. Certification No. QM-0037) or a cedar board impregnated with a solution made of a silicate compound, as described in a patent document (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-18813), and then into an acetic acid solution etc. A material obtained by immersing and neutralizing, and making the wood flame-retardant from the neutralized salt and silicate can be used. Of these, those that have been certified as non-combustible or semi-incombustible by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism are preferred because their performance is guaranteed.

In addition, as for steel members, all structural materials of steel structures such as I-type, H-type, L-type, T-type, mountain-type, groove-type steel, truss-type, lattice-type steel, steel plates, tube steel, etc. Is available.
The building structure material according to the present invention can be used for general buildings in general such as a structure material such as a steel frame building, a structure material for civil engineering and construction materials such as a bridge girder and a bridge.
Similarly, the framework and building of the present invention can be used for general buildings related to civil engineering and construction.

  A building structure material is configured by fixing a flame-resistant wood member as a fire-resistant coating material to a steel frame member having a shape and length according to a beam and a pillar of a building. A framework of a building and a building are configured by combining a plurality of building structural materials. At this time, the construction of the joint becomes easy if both ends of the steel member of the building structure material are used as a joint part by bolting or welding with another building structure material without providing a wood member subjected to flame retardant treatment. Therefore, it is preferable.

As for the means for fixing the wooden member to the steel member, for example, in the case of a steel member such as H-shaped steel, both sides of the web part are in close contact with the flame-resistant wooden member, and a connecting hole is provided in each of the steel member and the wooden member A means for fastening with a bolt so as to sandwich the web. Alternatively, there are means for closely attaching a flame-retardant wood member to a steel member and fixing it with screws, and means for closely attaching a steel member and a wood member using an adhesive. Furthermore, it is preferable to use the above-mentioned means together in order to firmly fix the wooden member so that the strength can be sufficiently borne.
In addition, when using an adhesive, considering the difference in expansion and contraction between the steel member and the wooden member and the vibration of the steel structure, the adhesive is a modified silicone, modified silicone epoxy, polysulfide adhesive that has elasticity. Montmorillonite, hydrous aluminum silicate and mineral fiber are added to a silanol solution having a siloxane skeleton described in a patent document (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. Hei 8-41426) having fire resistance in consideration of use such as peeling due to heat during a fire. The use of refractory adhesives is preferred.

  According to the structure of the first aspect of the present invention, the appearance is improved by the wooden member covered and fixed around the steel member, and in the event of a fire, the flame-retardant treated wooden member which is a fireproof coating material Combustion is suppressed by the action of the combustible gas and the endothermic action, which is the function of the treatment, and coupled with the heat insulating property of the wooden member, the transmission of high heat to the steel member is suppressed, and the steel member may be deformed or collapsed Is prevented.

  Further, in the building structure material of the invention described in Patent Document 1, the steel member and the fireproof coating material are not in close contact with each other, so that the wood could not bear the strength. Since the periphery of the steel member is fixed in close contact with the wooden member, the wooden member can bear a part of the strength. In particular, in a web portion of a steel member such as H-shaped steel, buckling, which is a weak point of the steel member, is restrained, and the wooden member works effectively as a reinforcing material for preventing buckling. Further, since the wooden member bears strength such as bending, compression, tension, and shearing, the cross-sectional shape of the steel member can be reduced. From these things, it becomes a beam and a pillar with high intensity | strength as the whole building structural material, and also a cross section can be made small compared with the conventional H-shaped steel. In addition, even a cross-section that is impossible with conventional H-shaped steel may be possible with a steel member made of a simple plate-shaped steel plate.

  Further, as described in claim 3 and claim 4, by using the building structure material for a framework of a building or a building, as in the operation of the invention of claim 1, the difficulty of the building structure material. The flame-treated wood member provides a building framework with excellent fire resistance and a building. Moreover, when the circumference | surroundings of a steel frame member are closely_contact | adhered and fixed with a wooden member, as the effect | action by the invention of Claim 2, it becomes the framework of a building excellent in intensity | strength, and a building.

  According to the first aspect of the invention, by covering and fixing the periphery of the steel member with a wood member that has been subjected to a flame retardant treatment, the flame retardant treatment of the wood member works, compared to the case of using ordinary solid wood or laminated wood Excellent fire resistance. Furthermore, according to the invention described in claim 2, by fixing the wooden member, which is a fireproof covering material, to the steel member in close contact, the wooden member can be a reinforcing member for the steel member and bear the strength. It is also possible to reduce the cross-sectional shape. According to the third and fourth aspects of the invention, it is possible to realize a framework of a building and a building with improved fire resistance and strength.

  Moreover, since the fireproof covering material is composed of a wooden member, it is possible to use the wooden member as a finishing material, and there is no need to reconstruct the finishing material. In addition, since a wooden member is used as the fireproof covering material, it is not peeled off due to vibration during transportation, etc., so that it can be installed in a factory without being limited to on-site construction.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  1 and 2 are views showing examples of the building structure material of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the end of the building structure material 1. FIG. A sectional view taken along line II is shown. Moreover, FIG. 4 shows the framework of the building using this building structure material 1, and FIG. 5 shows the building using this building structure material. Note that FIG. 5 is partially broken so that the inside can be seen so that the building structural material is used.

The building structural material 1 in FIG. 1 covers a plurality of wood members 5 and 6 subjected to flame retardant treatment as a fireproof covering material around a steel member 2 made of H-300 mm × 150 mm × 4.5 mm × 6 mm H-type steel. It is comprised by. The building structural material 1 is used as a building beam with the web 3 of the steel frame member 2 being vertical and the flange 4 being horizontal.
The wooden members 5 and 6 cover the entire circumference except for both end portions 11 of the steel frame member 2. Moreover, the both ends 11 of the steel frame member 2 are not covered with the wooden members 5 and 6, and are used as joint portions of the building structural material. Using the exposed joint member of this steel frame member, it is connected to other building structural materials by bolts or welding to form a steel frame A framework (FIG. 4), and the framework A and interior materials, exterior materials, equipment, etc. A plurality of the buildings B are combined to form the building B (FIG. 5).
As fire-resistant wood materials 5 and 6 used as fireproof covering materials, quasi-incombustible certified material (Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism approved by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism) 0037) is used.

  The wooden member 5 covers the web 3 mainly of the steel member 2. Processing of the shape of the wood member 5 is performed in accordance with the shapes of the web 3 and the flange 4 of the steel member 2 so as to be in close contact with each other. Specifically, in accordance with the size of the portion surrounded by the web 3 and the flange 4, processing is performed into a shape in which the thickness portions of the flanges 4 located above and below are projected. Further, since the web 3 and the wooden member 5 are fixed by bolts 7 and nuts 8, the connecting hole 12 is provided in the web 3 of the steel member 2 and the connecting hole 13 is provided in the wooden member 5. The connecting holes 12 and 13 are appropriately provided at positions where their centers coincide with each other when the two materials are fixed. Further, a boring process 15 is performed in the connecting hole 13 provided in the wooden member 5 so as to store the bolt head 14 and the nut 8 of the bolt 7 so as not to protrude from the wooden member 5. The bolts 7 are inserted into the connecting holes 12 and 13 and are fastened by the nuts 8 to be fixed. At this time, the wood member 5 is fastened so that the web 3 is sandwiched between both sides. The diameter of the connecting hole 12 of the web 3 is larger than the diameter of the connecting hole 13 of the wooden member 5 so that the bolt 7 does not contact the web 3. By not making contact, the heat of the bolt 7 is not transmitted to the steel frame member 2.

  The wooden member 6 covers the flange 4 of the steel frame member 2, and the shape of the wooden member 6 is processed in accordance with the shape of the flange 4 so as to be in close contact with the flange 4. Specifically, processing is performed on a plate material having a size in which the width of the flange 4 and the length of the protruding portion of the wood member 5 are matched to both ends of the flange 4. Covering is performed by bringing the wooden member 6 into close contact with the flange 4 of the steel frame member 2 and fixing the protruding portion of the wooden member 6 and the wooden member 5 with screws 10. With these configurations, the entire periphery other than both ends of the steel member 2 is covered with the wooden members 5, 5, 6, 6.

  With these configurations, the building construction material 1 is made of the flame retardant chemical of the quasi-incombustible certified material (Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism certified national residence No. 1019 certified number QM-0037) used for the wood materials 5 and 6 which are fireproof covering materials. When the boric acid compound as the main component reaches a high temperature of about 250 degrees, which is the ignition temperature of wood, an endothermic decomposition reaction occurs, lowering the temperature of the wooden member, and lowering below the ignition temperature of wood. At the same time, the incombustible product produced by the endothermic decomposition reaction lowers the concentration of combustible gas, which is superior to the fireproof coating material expected only for the carbonized layer when using ordinary solid wood or laminated wood. Fireproof performance is demonstrated.

  Further, in these configurations, since the web 3 of the steel member 2 is sandwiched and fixed by the wood member 5 in a sandwich shape, the web 3 is restrained and the buckling failure of the web, which is a weak point of the steel member, is suppressed. . Therefore, it becomes the building structure material 1 which has the intensity | strength with respect to buckling compared with the case of a steel frame member single-piece | unit. Moreover, it is also possible to make the cross-sectional shape of the steel member 2 small because the wooden members 5 and 6 bear the strength such as tension, compression, bending, and shear as the structural material.

Furthermore, in order to firmly fix the steel members 2 and 6 so that the wooden members 5 and 6 can bear sufficient strength, the web 3 and the wooden members 5, the flange 4 and the wooden members 6 are fixed. The modified silicone-based adhesive 9 is applied to the contact surface and is used together with bolts and screws.
When fixing with the modified silicone adhesive 9, rust and dirt on the surface of the steel member 2 are removed, and the surface of the steel member 2 is degreased with an organic solvent or the like. Further, since the surface roughening process is performed so that the steel member 2 has an appropriate surface roughness, a high adhesive strength can be obtained.

  Therefore, the building framework A and the building B using the building structure material 1 have excellent fire resistance performance and strength as well.

  FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment of a building structure material of the present invention, and is used for a steel structure building.

  The basic configuration of the second embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment. The difference is that the cross-sectional shape of the steel frame member 2 is reduced by using the wooden members 5 and 6 in the first embodiment as a reinforcing material. Since it is possible, it is an Example at the time of using a 300 mm x 4.5 mm steel plate as the steel member 22 instead of the H-shaped steel of the steel member 2 in Example 1. FIG. Moreover, the plywood is used as the wood of the wood member which carried out the flame-retardant process. Therefore, description of items similar to those in the first embodiment is omitted.

  The basic structure is the same as that of Example 1, and the building structural material 21 in FIG. 3 uses a steel plate as the steel frame member 22, and the periphery thereof is covered with a fire-resistant wooden member 25, 26. It is a configuration.

  The entire periphery except for both ends of the steel frame member 22 is covered with the flame retardant wood members 25 and 26, and the flame retardant wood members 25 and 26 are processed according to the shape of the steel member 22. ing. Specifically, the wooden member 25 is a plate processed to a size that matches the width of the steel member 22, and the wooden member 26 has a size that matches the thickness of the wooden member 25 sandwiched on both sides of the thickness of the steel member 22. Processing is in progress. Since the steel member 22 and the wooden member 25 are fixed by bolts 27 and nuts 28, a connecting hole 32 is provided in the steel member 22, and a connecting hole 33 is provided in the wooden member 25. The wooden member 25 sandwiches the steel member 22 from both sides, and the bolts 27 are inserted into the connecting holes 32 and 33 and fastened by the nuts 28 to be fixed. The diameter of the connection hole 32 of the steel member 22 is larger than the diameter of the connection hole 33 of the wooden member 25, so that the bolt 27 does not contact the steel member 22. By not making contact, the heat of the bolt 7 is not transmitted to the steel frame member 2. The wooden member 26 is fixed with screws 30, and as a result, the steel member 22 is covered with the wooden members 25, 25, 26, and 26 except for both ends.

By this structure, it becomes a building structure material, a framework of a building, and a building having fire resistance and strength as in the first embodiment.
Further, in the building structure material 21 according to this configuration, the steel member 22 is a flat steel plate having a simple shape, and the H-shaped steel flange 4 does not protrude as in the first embodiment. When processing according to the shape of 22, the cross-sectional rectangle can be a simple shape, and processing is easy. Therefore, the labor required for pre-processing is reduced, and it is possible to manufacture at a relatively low cost as a whole.

  The embodiments of the present invention have been described above. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and it goes without saying that design changes within a range not departing from the gist of the present invention are included in the present invention. is there.

  From the above, it has excellent fire resistance performance and strength when used as a building structure material, building framework or building of the present invention. In addition, since the wooden member, which is a fire-resistant covering material, comes to the surface, it is effective to use it for building structures or building frameworks or buildings where wooden designs are preferred as interior finishes for houses, temples, and theaters. . In addition, since fireproof coating can be applied at the factory, there is little on-site processing. In addition, by using a wood member, which is a fireproof coating material, as a finishing material, it is not necessary to install a finishing material, so that the construction period can be shortened and the construction cost can be reduced. Furthermore, it is possible to fix the plywood and particle board directly to the wood member, which is a fireproof covering material, with screws or nails when constructing the floor board, and the construction is easy, and the number of on-site construction man-hours can be reduced.

It is a perspective view which shows one Embodiment of the building structural material concerning this invention. It is sectional drawing in the II-II line of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows other embodiment with the building construction material concerning this invention. It is a schematic diagram of the framework using the building structural material concerning this invention. It is a schematic diagram of the building using the building structural material concerning this invention.

Explanation of symbols

1 Building materials 2 Steel members (H-shaped steel)
3 Web 4 Flange 5, 25 Wood member 6, 26 Wood member 7, 27 Bolt 8, 28 Nut 9 Adhesive 10, 30 Screw 11 Both ends 12, 32 of steel member 2 Connection holes 13, 33 provided in steel member Connection hole 14 provided in member Bolt head 15 Seat carving 21 Building construction material 22 Steel member (steel plate)
A Building framework B Building

Claims (4)

  A building structure material characterized in that a fire-resistant wood member is covered and fixed around a steel member by a fixing means such as a bolt, a screw or an adhesive as a fireproof covering material.   2. The building structure material according to claim 1, wherein the flame-retardant treated wood member is fixed to the steel member so as to be a reinforcing member for the steel member.   A building structure characterized in that the building structure material according to claim 1 or 2 is used.   The building structure material of Claim 1 or Claim 2 is used, The building characterized by the above-mentioned.

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