JP2006083693A - Sprinkling heat exchange method for gentle pitched folded plate roof - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve problems wherein wetting unevenness tends to occur because a ridge becomes a shield in dispersing a heat medium in an oblique direction to the uneven surface of a roof and heat radiation loss into the atmosphere is large because particles fly in the open air. <P>SOLUTION: An enclosure 2 is provided away from the side edge of a projecting part 1 forming the ridge of the gentle pitched folded plate roof, and the enclosure is made a water storage region for storing a medium supplied from a sprinkling means 20. A shelf-like surface 1b is provided between a sidewall 2a of the enclosure and a side edge of the projecting part, and the heat medium is allowed to flow out to the surrounding shelf-like surface from orifices 2a provided at the enclosure. The heat medium is delivered to an inclined side face 3 at the foot of the projecting part over the side edge of the projecting part while being absorbed and spread by a liquid absorbing material 3a covering the shelf-like surface, flows down being held in the liquid absorbing material on the inclined side face, and is collected into a trough part 5 of the folded plate roof and drained flowing along the gradient. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

The present invention relates to a water spray heat exchange method for a gently sloping roof having a fold-and-half style, and more specifically to a water sprinkling snow melting method and / or a water sprinkling cooling method for a gently sloping fold roof. In heavy snow areas, it can be used for melting snow in the winter and for cooling the roof in the summer.
In the present specification, for the sake of convenience of explanation, the explanation is made taking snow melting as an example.

The unevenly folded half-roof roof with a gentle slope of 1/10 to 1/100 is a roof type that is often found in large-scale buildings because of its simple roof structure and excellent pressure resistance. As a snow-resistant roof structure with a snow cover of up to about 2.5 m, it is widely used in heavy snow areas.
The groundwater sprinkling system is generally used for melting snow on such a large gently-slanting folded roof, and there are many cases where sprinklers and spray nozzles are used. Spray spray can be diffused over a wide area, so if you have scattered sprayers, you can cope with this even if it is within the expected average snow cover even on a large roof surface. .

However, if a lot of snow falls for a long time, the melting of the snow cannot catch up, and when the heat medium is applied to the uneven surface of the roof in an oblique direction, the ridges become shields and uneven wetting occurs, and the particles fly in the open air. Large loss of heat to the atmosphere.
Also, when the wind and snow are strong and the spray water is blown off, the effect of watering is lost. Under these circumstances, the snow pool expands, the remaining snow is connected, the roof surface is covered with snow over a wide area, a tunnel is formed on the lower side, and eventually the entire roof is covered with snow, and snow accumulation expands. The actual amount of snowfall is difficult to predict due to the large difference between a light year and a severe year, and the possibility of a record heavy snowfall.

  There is a limit to how to increase the amount of heat input, such as by reducing the installation interval of the spreader or increasing the amount of water spray, in order to make room for the facility capacity. If it is about 0.5 liters per square meter per square meter as the amount of water sprayed in the heavy snowy area, this amount of water will consume more than 2 tons per minute on a 4,000 to 5,000 square meter roof. The amount of consumption per property is over 120 tons per hour and the daily amount is about 3000 tons. If this continues for several days, the amount of water is not normal, and the use of groundwater on large roofs is a permanent facility. Hard to become.

  This is a major obstacle when attracting large factories in heavy snow. There are restrictions on the drilling of new wells, which may not be permitted. In order to adopt the boiler heating method, it is necessary to prepare a large boiler managed by a qualified person and to prepare for high fuel efficiency.

As a solution to this, a method has been evaluated in which a flat plate is formed on an uneven roof to form a flat surface and melt snow. Although this method is a flat surface and has excellent snow melting performance, it is practically equivalent to refurbishing the roof and has the disadvantage of increasing construction costs.
JP 2004-149784 A

  The problem to be solved is that the flat plate laid across the top of the folding roof is a lightweight member element that itself has snow-resistant strength, and the roof support structure taking into account wind pressure countermeasures Therefore, the installation cost becomes high, and it is extremely difficult to adopt it for a large folding roof from the viewpoint of cost effectiveness.

  In order to distribute the heat medium widely and uniformly on the roof surface, the present invention simultaneously melts snow at the top of the ridge and waters the surrounding area while retaining the heat medium at the initial stage of the ridge on the ridge that is covered with much snow. The main feature is to melt snow on the entire roof.

Since the surface area of the roof ridge is small, even if the amount of heat medium supplied is small, the heat medium pool can be reliably formed on the convex part of the ridge, and the heat medium is melted into the top of the ridge while melting the snow on the top. Can be finely dispersed along the slope and flow down to the inclined side surface of the skirt, and can be melted while retaining the snow layer attached to the water retaining material by retaining and diffusing water in the liquid absorbing material on the inclined side surface.
Since long ridges are used that are parallel to each other along the gradient, the result is that one wide snowmelt surface is subdivided into areas that correspond to the small amount of water sprayed with regularity. Since the heat medium is evenly distributed from these snow-melting surfaces to the inclined side surfaces of the surrounding skirts, the water spray is uniform over the entire uneven surface, and the snow melting can be performed efficiently and in a short time. Since the sprinkling can be done very well, you do not have to waste the heat medium. There is an advantage that a limited amount of heat medium can be effectively used.

  The purpose of spreading the heat medium widely on the uneven roof surface, where it is difficult to spread the heat medium evenly, to ensure that the snow melts, was realized under the same procedure without changing the roof style.

FIG. 1 is a simplified explanatory diagram showing the water spray heat exchange method of the present invention.
The top of the ridge of the gently-splitting folding roof or the middle of the convexity 1 is occupied by a water storage area where the flowing heat medium is stored and drained to the surroundings, and the water storage area is parallel to that of the ridge. positioned.
As shown in FIG. 2, the water storage area is formed by providing an enclosure 2 on the convex portion 1 forming the ridge. Therefore, the enclosed path has a vertical gradient along the ridge convexity. As the material of the enclosure 2, for example, a channel material of an extrusion-molded product such as rubber or synthetic resin which is difficult to be damaged even if it is stepped on with a foot or rigid aluminum can be used. In addition, a bank or a partition may be formed using a long rod-like member or angle, and the enclosure 2 in which the heat medium is accumulated may be configured in the same manner as in the case of the channel material.

In the side wall 2a of the enclosure 2, orifices 2b are formed at intervals. The orifice 2b is an outflow supply port in the form of a V-cut or a circular hole in addition to the slit as shown.
The heat medium supplied to the upstream side of the enclosure is stored in the enclosure while moving along the gradient, and flows out from the orifice 2b provided on the side (FIG. 3). Since the enclosure 2 is opened upward, the falling snow comes into contact with the heat medium, and the snow accumulated in the enclosure is rapidly dissolved by the inflow of the heat medium.

  Between the water storage area of the enclosure 2 and the edge of the convexity, a shelf-like surface 1a is formed. This shelf-like surface forms a heat medium diffusion zone. The liquid absorbing material 3a is bonded to the shelf-shaped surface of the diffusion area. Since the shelf-like surface 1a has a gentle slope, the heat medium flowing out from the surrounding orifice 2b is absorbed and diffused while riding on the liquid-absorbing material on the shelf-like surface and spreads laterally. Therefore, the snow falling on the shelf contacts and melts the diffused heat medium, and the already accumulated snow flows out of the orifice and the bottom of the snow layer contacts the diffused heat medium and the snow layer melts from below. To go.

  In the example shown in the figure, the channel member 2a is inclined so that the inner bottom 2d is inclined on both sides in order not to leave residual water. The channel material has ribs 2c on both sides, and the liquid absorbing material covers the ribs 2c. The heat medium passes through the orifice 2b and is guided by the gradient of the rib 2c, and moves toward the convex side edge while diffusing.

  As the liquid absorbing material, for example, water-absorbing paint such as blackboard paint, spray mortar, and fibrous cloth can be used. When using a fiber cloth, it can be installed by sticking with a pressure-sensitive adhesive or adhesive applied to the back surface. From the viewpoint of weather resistance, for example, a plain woven fabric can be used for the fiber material.

The inclined side surface 3 of the ridge descending from the diffusion area is a flow area of the heat medium, and the liquid absorbing material 3a is bonded in the same manner as the diffusion area.
The heat medium flowing out from the orifice 2b of the enclosure 2 is diffused in a planar shape by the liquid absorbing material 3a in the diffusion area, and eventually flows evenly while passing over the side edge of the convex portion. The illustrated liquid-absorbing material from the diffusion zone to the flow-down zone is shown as being continuous, but may be provided independently in each zone with the convex side edge as a boundary.
The liquid absorbing material in the flowing-down area retains the heat medium, and the snow adhering to the surface of the liquid absorbing material melts by sucking the heat medium from the liquid absorbing material side. If the liquid-absorbing material is a woven cloth, the anti-skid property of snow is exerted strongly, and it works to melt the snow adhering to the liquid-absorbing material as much as possible. Snow that has fallen on the sloping side surface slides down the slope and fills the valleys, and does not hinder snow melting.
The heat medium that has flowed down the flow area gathers in the valley 5 of the drainage area and flows down along the slope of the roof.

The supply of the heat medium into the enclosure 2 is performed using, for example, the watering means 20. As shown in FIG. 4, the watering means 20 is located upstream of the enclosure. The heat medium supplied into the enclosure fills the enclosure while moving downstream along the slope of the ridge, and flows out from the orifice 2b to the diffusion area while being stored.
The enclosure 2 includes a water blocking wall 2e on the downstream side, and partitions the enclosure 2. Although the length of one enclosure in the vertical direction depends on the temperature of the heat medium to be charged, for example, if the heat medium to be charged is 2 liters of hot water of 30 degrees Celsius, it is about 3.8 meters. If the drainage hole 2f is installed close to the water blocking wall 2c of the enclosure and the water supply from the sprinkling means 20 is stopped, the residual water at the end of the enclosure will eventually be discharged through the drainage hole 2f, and no heat medium will remain in the enclosure. I am doing so.

5 and 6 illustrate the installation form and operation procedure of the plurality of watering means 20.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the roof. The water spray area for melting snow is divided into multiple blocks. The roof of 1200 square meters used for explanation forms blocks 10 for melting snow in a total of 30 divided into 5 rows horizontally and 6 vertically. Water spraying means 20 is installed in each of these blocks 10. The watering means 20 is a watering header in the illustrated example. The diameter of the watering header is 40φ, and the diameter of the water supply pipe 3 connected to this is 25φ.
The area of each block 10 is 40 square meters, and watering is performed for each watering means independently from the other watering means 20. The amount of water sprayed by one watering means is about 800 cc per square meter and about 32 liters per minute per block.

  An electrically operated on-off valve 4 is arranged in the middle of the water supply pipe 30 that reaches the individual watering means 20. The water supply pipe 30 is connected to the main pipe 50. The main pipe 50 is connected to a well or a boiler. When using hot water from a boiler, hot water of 30 to 50 degrees Celsius can be used to reduce processing time. The boiler has a capacity of 60,000 km.

  The on-off valve 40 is opened and closed, and water is sequentially passed through the watering means 20 to perform watering operation for each block. From the relative positional relationship between the water spray means 20 and the water supply pipe 30, a three-way valve is used as the on-off valve 40 as a countermeasure against freezing of the water supply pipe. The three-way valve drains the water supply pipe 30 downstream from the drain pipe 30a in a closed state. Note that whether the two-way valve or the three-way valve is used as the on-off valve and whether the on-off valve is installed on the ground or placed on the roof are merely selection matters.

FIG. 6 shows a method for controlling the on-off valve. Each of the on-off valves 40 is individually set to an open time by an output time variable timer for generating an operation output. In the illustrated example, the output time to the on-off valve 40 is, for example, 20 minutes. The first timer A starts and opens the on-off valve 40 for 20 minutes. The on-off valve 40 managed by the timer A in FIG. 9 opens and closes the water supply pipe 30 that reaches the lowest sprinkling means 20 at the left end of the roof in FIG. After 20 minutes, the timer A expires and the on-off valve 40 is closed. A subsequent timer B is started after a time difference of several minutes, and the on-off valve is opened for 20 minutes, for example, and supply of warm water from the bottom left end of the roof to the second stage watering means is started. After 20 minutes, timer B expires and closes the on-off valve. Similarly, the operation and time-up are repeated in the order of timers C, D, E, and F, and the on-off valves that are assigned to them are sequentially opened and closed, and water is sprayed while shifting to the upper watering means.
The timer G opens and closes the water supply pipe 30 leading to the lowest sprinkling means 20 in the second row from the left of the roof. After 20 minutes, the timer G expires and the on-off valve 40 is closed. After a time difference of several minutes, a subsequent timer (not shown) is activated to open the on-off valve (not shown) for 20 minutes, and the second sprinkling means 20 from the bottom of the second row from the left of the roof. Start supplying hot water to After 20 minutes, the timer expires and the open / close valve is closed. Similarly, the succeeding timer repeats operation and time-up in order, and opens and closes the on-off valves that are assigned to each of the timers in order to perform watering while shifting to the upper watering means.

After all the timers have expired, if necessary, reset means X1 can be installed for the purpose of resetting all of these timers and starting them again sequentially from the first timer. A reset timer that performs an on / off operation can be used as the reset means. For example, it is possible to turn off the power of these timers while a series of timers have timed up, and to restart the time series operation of the timers by issuing an ON output after a predetermined time has elapsed.
When the snow continues, or according to the remaining snow condition, the output function of the timer A is restored by the function of the reset means X1, and water spraying can be repeated from the water sprinkling means.
X2 represents a push button type manual reset means. When remaining snow is visually recognized, the push button can be pressed to reset a series of timers and resume watering.

Y is a timed timer for predetermining the operating time of the reset means X1. This timed timer functions as a safety device even if it forgets to intentionally stop the repeated operation of the reset means, and it is possible to eliminate unnecessary water sprinkling.
When the operator is away, the operation start time and end time of the reset means X1 can be set in advance by operating the 24-hour on / off timer Z.

  Long snow cover can be processed regardless of the number of sprinkling means, so long-sized roofs of thousands to tens of thousands of square meters such as factories, station buildings, and public facilities using small well facilities or boiler facilities It can also be applied to railway floors and road surfaces that extend over several kilometers.

  It is a simplified explanatory view showing the water spray heat exchange method of the present invention.   Shown is a folded roof with equipment to implement the sprinkling heat exchange method.   FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 2.   It is a top view of a part of folding folding roof which gave snow melting equipment.   It is the perspective view which divided the roof into a plurality of blocks and arranged watering means.   It is explanatory drawing of the means to control watering operation.

Explanation of sign

1 convex half-fold roof 1b shelf-like surface 2 enclosure 2a side wall 2b orifice 3 inclined side surface 3a liquid absorbent 5 valley 20 watering means

Claims (3)

  An enclosure is provided apart from the side edge of the convexity that forms the ridge of the gently-slanting folded half roof, and this enclosure serves as a water storage area where the heat medium supplied from the sprinkling means accumulates, while the side wall of the enclosure and the side edge of the convexity A shelf-like surface is provided between the orifice, the heat medium flows out from the orifice provided in the enclosure to the surrounding shelf-like surface, and the heat-absorbing material that covers the shelf-like surface absorbs the heat medium and diffuses it. Water is transferred to the inclined side of the hem of the convexity beyond the side edge of the convexity, and the liquid absorbing material on this inclined side is allowed to flow down and flow down, gathered in the valley of the folded roof and drained along the slope, and drained. Heat exchange method.   The water spray heat exchange method for a gently sloping folded half roof according to claim 1, wherein the enclosure is made of a channel material, and the bottom of the interior is inclined toward both sides.   The water-spreading heat exchange method for a gently-splitting folded half roof according to claim 1, wherein the enclosure includes ribs that are inclined on both sides in a direction toward the side edge of the convexity.

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