JP2006068575A - Method and apparatus for aerating and circulating reservoir, and the like, by wind power energy - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and an apparatus for aerating and circulating a reservoir, and the like, by wind power energy which dispenses with conventionally required electricity expense for obtaining compressed air, and can uniformly distribute the compressed air to a plurality of distribution pipes to perform an efficient purification of a lake. <P>SOLUTION: The compressed air obtained by the wind power energy is sent to discharge ports 76 in the lake, and discharged from the discharge ports to circulate the lake, thereby forming a shallow layer of a circulated mixture state. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to an aeration and circulation method and apparatus for a wind energy reservoir and the like for forming a shallow layer in a circulating and mixed state composed of hot water having a uniform water temperature in lake water such as a reservoir and a lake.

  Conventionally, an apparatus that diffuses into lake water is known (for example, see Patent Document 1). In this existing technology, air is supplied to an air diffuser through a pipe, a valve or the like from an air supply source composed of a compressor installed on the ground, and diffuses into the water from the air diffuser.

However, this existing technology has the following problems. That is,
(1) Electricity cost problems In reservoirs, water quality problems such as eutrophication or prolonged muddy water may occur. Aeration and circulation equipment is an effective countermeasure for these problems, but it requires an electricity bill to obtain compressed air, which puts pressure on management costs.
(2) Problems related to the amount of air per unit For efficient management, if the compressed air can be evenly distributed to a plurality of pipes, it is effective because the amount of circulation per unit of air increases. However, in general, there is no such technique for distributing compressed air to a plurality of pipes, and since it is difficult in practice to stably and uniformly distribute compressed air, there is a tendency to increase the scale of a facility because of one discharge device and one compressor. Yes, the ratio of lake water circulation to input energy is small.
(3) Problems with the use of wind energy Most of the water quality problems in reservoirs are stratification. Since stratification is formed by natural energy called solar heat, it is preferable that stratification destruction, that is, vertical mixing of lake water, can be achieved using wind power, which is also natural energy. If natural energy is used, it is effective for cost reduction. However, even in wind power generation, for example, energy conversion efficiency tends to be low because energy is once converted into electric power. A general wind power generation system cannot generate power if it is weaker than the cut-in wind speed due to mechanical and structural constraints such as a gearbox.

Japanese Patent No. 2590425

  Therefore, the present invention solves the problems of the conventional one, eliminates the need for electricity to obtain the compressed air required in the past, and can obtain compressed air by wind energy even at wind speeds below cut-in. Compressed air can be evenly distributed to the distribution pipes for efficient storage and purification, and a circulating mixed state consisting of warm water with a uniform water temperature can be formed in a shallow layer with a depth of about 20 m from the water surface. Reservoir using wind energy that suppresses the growth of cyanobacteria by circulation or guides the turbid water flowing from the river to the lower part of the shallow layer during flooding, thereby maintaining the clear water of the shallow layer and suppressing the turbid water prolonged phenomenon It is an object of the present invention to provide an aeration circulation method and apparatus.

  In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the invention according to claim 1 is characterized in that compressed air obtained from wind energy is sent to a discharge port in the lake water of the reservoir and discharged from the discharge port to circulate the lake water. An aeration and circulation method for a reservoir or the like by wind energy, characterized by forming a shallow layer in a circulating and mixed state composed of uniform hot water. The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that, in claim 1, after the compressed air is uniformly distributed to a plurality of air supply pipes, the compressed air is sent to a plurality of discharge ports in the lake water of the reservoir and discharged from the discharge ports. To do.

  The invention according to claim 3 is a windmill facility that obtains compressed air from wind energy by a windmill, and a receiver tank for storing compressed air for temporally smoothing the amount of compressed air generated in the windmill facility, An air distributor that uniformly distributes compressed air blown from the receiver tank to a plurality of air supply pipes, and an aeration that circulates lake water by discharging compressed air from the air distributor from a plurality of discharge ports in the lake water. An aeration / circulation device such as a reservoir using wind energy characterized by being equipped with a device.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the third aspect, the aeration apparatus includes a vertical pipe connected to a plurality of air supply pipes fixed at predetermined intervals in the lake water, and upper ends of the vertical pipes. And swing pipes whose lower ends are swingably connected by hinges, and horizontal pipes swingably connected by hinges between the upper ends of the swing pipes. A plurality of air diffusion holes are formed and connected to a float floating on the water surface of the reservoir and suspended by the hinge so as to follow the water level.

  Since the invention of Claims 1 and 2 sends the compressed air obtained from wind energy to the discharge port in the lake water as described above, and discharges from the discharge port to circulate the lake water, the conventional reservoir and lake The eutrophication phenomenon or the muddy water prolongation phenomenon can be suppressed even in a situation where the power for driving the compressor cannot be secured, which is impossible with the aeration / circulation device in the lake water in the reservoir area. This eliminates the need for electricity to obtain the compressed air required in the past, distributes the compressed air evenly to multiple distribution pipes, efficiently circulates the lake water, and forms a shallow layer of mixed circulation. There is an effect of suppressing the long-term phenomenon. The inventions according to claims 3 and 4 can achieve the effects efficiently by the simple equipment respectively installed on the land side and the reservoir side as described above, and the equipment cost, repair cost, maintenance cost, etc. are inexpensive. Can be suppressed.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described below.

  FIG. FIG. 1A is a schematic diagram showing a left half (land side) of an aeration / circulation device such as a reservoir using wind energy according to one embodiment; FIG. B is a schematic diagram showing the right half (reservoir side). In the figure, 1 is a wind turbine facility, 2 is a receiver tank for storing compressed air, 3 is an air distributor, and 4 is an aeration device.

  The windmill facility 1 obtains compressed air from wind energy by a windmill. As shown in this example, a plurality of windmill facilities, for example, the left bank and / or the right bank of a reservoir dam considered to have a higher wind speed than a management office. Installed. FIG. As shown in A section enlarged detail of A, the wind turbine equipment 1 can be turned in a horizontal direction at the top of the tower 5 having a hollow conical shape with a predetermined height secured. A nacelle portion 7 having a wind turbine 6 composed of a plurality of large blades supported by the wind turbine 6 of the nacelle portion to convert wind force into a rotational driving force and transmit the rotational driving force to the tower portion 5; The tower unit 5 generates compressed air using the rotational driving force transmitted from the nacelle unit 7 and supplies the generated compressed air to the receiver tank 2 via a pipe.

  The nacelle part 7 is supported by a support mechanism (not shown) so as to be turnable with the center line of the tower part 5 as a turning center, and transmits the rotational driving force of the wind turbine 6 that rotates by receiving wind to the tower part 5. It is configured.

  That is, the rotor shaft 8 is supported horizontally on the nacelle portion 7, and the wind turbine 6 is attached to the tip protruding outward. The rotor shaft 8 rotates with wind energy acquired by the wind turbine 6. A bevel gear 9 is fixed to an intermediate portion of the rotor shaft 8, and a bevel gear 10 that meshes with the bevel gear 9 is fixed to an upper end of a rotary shaft 11 that extends vertically from a tower portion 5 below the bevel gear 9. Therefore, the rotational driving force of the rotor shaft 8 is transmitted by the bevel gears 9 and 10 to the rotating shaft 11 of the tower portion 5 while changing the direction from the horizontal direction to the vertical tower axis direction by 90 degrees.

  12 is a clutch provided on the rotating shaft 11 on the downstream side of the transmission path with respect to the bevel gear 10, and in any case such as during maintenance of the wind turbine equipment 1, the clutch 12 is operated to be disconnected, Rotational force is not transmitted to the rotary shaft 11 positioned downstream of the clutch 12 as a transmission path for the rotational driving force. Reference numeral 13 denotes an oil pump having an input shaft connected to the rear end of the rotor shaft 8, and the oil pump 13 generates hydraulic pressure as power for driving the nacelle 7 to rotate.

  The tower unit 5 is compressed using a nacelle control unit 15 that detects the fluctuating wind direction and optimally adjusts the horizontal direction of the nacelle unit 7, and the rotational driving force transmitted from the nacelle unit 7 to the rotating shaft 11. A compressed air production unit 16 for generating air is accommodated.

  That is, the tower portion 5 is divided into a plurality of small chambers in the height direction, the rotation shaft 11 penetrating through these small chambers and arranged in the vertical direction aligned with the center line of the tower portion 5, Among these small chambers, a nacelle control unit 15 is accommodated in the uppermost small chamber, and the small chambers below the small chambers accommodating the nacelle control unit 15 are respectively rotated by the rotation shaft 11. A plurality of compressors that receive the rotational driving force and generate compressed air are accommodated, and the compressed air production unit 16 is configured by these compressors.

  The nacelle control unit 15 is connected to the rear end of the rotor shaft 8 as a nacelle turning mechanism, and an oil pump 13 that receives a rotational force to generate hydraulic pressure, and supplies the hydraulic pressure generated by the oil pump 13 via a pipe 17. A hydraulic motor 18 that rotates the motor output shaft at a predetermined speed, and an electromagnetic valve 19 that is provided in the middle of the piping and switches the hydraulic pressure supply pipe 17 to a predetermined position based on a command signal to control the start / stop and forward / reverse operation of the hydraulic motor 18 And have. In the hydraulic motor 18, a gear 21 fixed to the motor output shaft is meshed with a gear 22 that is integrally fixed to the base portion of the nacelle portion 7, and the hydraulic motor 18 itself is fixed to the tower portion 5 side. . The nacelle control unit 15 includes a wind direction detector 25 for grasping the prevailing wind direction and a control circuit 26 to which a wind direction detection signal of the wind direction detector 25 is input as a control mechanism of the nacelle turning mechanism. Yes. The control circuit 26 makes a predetermined determination based on the wind direction detection signal, and outputs a command signal for controlling the switching operation of the electromagnetic valve 19 in a predetermined manner. That is, for example, according to the processing program stored in advance, the control circuit 26 keeps the wind direction change for a predetermined time based on the input state of the wind direction detection signal or stores the past wind direction change state to Whether the nacelle unit 7 is to be turned is determined by grasping the trend, and when the wind direction fluctuates greatly, the nacelle unit 7 is used efficiently without using the nacelle unit 7 unnecessarily.

  That is, the wind direction detector 25 is installed on the rear side with respect to the windmill 6 at the upper part of the nacelle portion 7, is not easily affected by the twisted airflow that is the wake of the windmill 6, and directly , The prevailing wind that has changed its direction is hit and the direction of the wind can be captured. As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the wind direction detector 25 includes a support portion 28 erected perpendicularly to the nacelle portion 7 and a detection supported on the upper end of the support portion 28 so as to be able to turn. The main body 29 is provided. The detector main body 29 is formed in a substantially long box shape, and a small windmill 30 is disposed at the front thereof. Therefore, the detector main body 29 turns autonomously with its front portion facing the wind direction. Further, inside the detector main body 29, a switch operating member 31 that is fixed to the detector main body side and pivots with the detector main body 29 with respect to the nacelle part 7 and on both sides of the switch operating member 31 in a plan view are provided on the sides. The two limit switches 32 are disposed so as to be secured to the support portion side while ensuring a gap distance of. The switch actuating member 31 is fixed to the detector body side in the front-rear direction of the detector body 29, and the output lines of the two limit switches 32 are connected to the control circuit 26, respectively.

  Therefore, in the wind direction detector 25, when the direction of the nacelle 7 and the direction of the prevailing wind are different, the detector main body 29 turns and turns its front-rear direction to the direction of the prevailing wind. The relative positional relationship with the switch 32 is changed, and one limit switch 32 corresponding to the direction of the prevailing wind is turned on by the switch operating member 31. Therefore, the ON signal of the limit switch 32 is input to the control circuit 26 as a wind direction detection signal indicating the direction of the prevailing wind direction with respect to the nacelle unit 7. Based on this wind direction detection signal, the control circuit 26 makes a predetermined determination, generates a command signal for making the direction of the nacelle 7 coincide with the direction of the prevailing wind, and outputs this command signal to the electromagnetic valve 19. The electromagnetic valve 19 to which this command signal is input switches the hydraulic pressure supply piping 17 to the hydraulic motor 18 to a predetermined level. Therefore, the hydraulic motor 18 rotates its motor output shaft in a predetermined direction, the nacelle side gear 22 meshed with the gear 21 of this motor output shaft is rotationally driven, and the nacelle portion 7 is swung predetermined. . As a result, the direction of the nacelle part 7 is aligned with the direction of the prevailing wind. On the other hand, with the turning of the nacelle unit 7, in the wind direction detector 25, the ON operation of one limit switch 32 is released, and the output of the wind direction detection signal is stopped.

  Since a predetermined amount of gap is secured in advance between the switch operating member 31 and the limit switch 32, if the direction of the nacelle 7 and the direction of the prevailing wind are slightly different, the detector Even if the main body 29 turns, none of the limit switches 32 is turned on, so that the orientation of the nacelle portion 7 is stably maintained. That is, this gap distance is a dead zone for the sensor, and an allowable angle that does not change the direction of the nacelle 7 is set in advance.

  Further, the electromagnetic valve 19, limit switch 32 and control circuit 26, which are the electrical configurations of the nacelle control unit 15, are wired and connected to a battery 34 disposed in the vicinity of the control circuit. Power is supplied through the wiring. In addition, the battery 34 is configured to be charged by a solar panel 35 that converts sunlight into electric power. The solar panel 35 has a solar panel surface facing upward on the sun side, and the nacelle portion 7 It is installed at the top.

  The compressed air production unit 16 is installed in a plurality of planetary gearboxes 37 provided on the rotating shaft 11 with a relatively small speed increasing ratio for each chamber, and the rotational driving force from the rotating shaft 11 is predetermined. The compressor 38 that generates compressed air is input, and the operating radix of the compressor 38 that inputs the rotational driving force is increased or decreased according to the magnitude of the wind speed level.

  The planetary gearbox 37 is configured using a planetary gear mechanism, and does not require a member that firmly holds the planetary gearbox 37 by directing reaction forces between the gears of the planetary gear mechanism toward the axial center. Therefore, space saving and miniaturization are achieved. The planetary speed increaser 37 has a relatively small speed increase ratio such as 3 as the speed increase ratio, and is connected to the downstream side of the planetary speed increaser 37 in the transmission path of the rotational driving force. The required minimum number of rotations is secured for the compressor 38. That is, as the compressor 38 that compresses and pumps air, a minimum rotation speed is set in advance in order to prevent air from leaking from the compressor side due to insufficient protrusion pressure during the compression operation. Therefore, since a speed increaser with a speed increasing ratio such as 100 is not used as in a general wind power generation facility, the occurrence of a cut-in wind speed that stops functioning as a wind power utilization facility is eliminated.

  These compressors 38 are scroll type compressors, and each compressor has a respective input shaft parallel to the rotation shaft 11 and a predetermined number around each rotation chamber 11 is fixed to the small chamber side for each small chamber. is set up. The compressed air discharge ports of the compressors are gathered into a single air supply pipe 40 via respective pipes, and the air supply pipe 40 is connected to the receiver tank 2. Note that a check valve (not shown) is provided at the discharge port of each compressor 38, and when the operation of a certain compressor is stopped by each check valve, the air supply pipe 40 is connected to the discharge port of the compressor. This prevents the backflow of compressed air.

  A large-diameter drive gear 41 is fixed to a portion of the rotary shaft 11 corresponding to each chamber, and an input shaft of each compressor is connected via a helical gear 42 meshed with the drive gear. Further, a centrifugal clutch (not shown) is interposed between the helical gear 42 and the input shaft, and for each of these compressors 38, different connection conditions are set as clutches. That is, for example, a predetermined number of compressors 38 are set as one group, and for each of these groups, a connection condition from a low rotation speed to a connection condition of a high rotation speed is set in advance. Accordingly, first, the centrifugal clutch of the group in which the low rotation speed is set is connected, the compressor 38 of this group is operated, and then, in response to the increase in the rotation speed of the rotary shaft 11, the increased rotation speed is sequentially applied. The centrifugal clutch in which the connection condition is set is connected and the compressor 38 of this group is added to the number of operations. For this reason, when the rotation speed of the rotating shaft 11 is low, the operation number of the compressor is small, and when it is high, the operation number of the compressor is controlled to be large. In this manner, the operating radix of the compressor is increased or decreased stepwise as the wind speed level increases or decreases.

  Reference numeral 45 denotes a coupling which is a kind of a shaft joint interposed at an intermediate portion of each chamber in the rotating shaft 11. The rotating shaft 11 is linearly aligned by the coupling 45, and the tower portion Even if the whole 5 is bent to some extent, or the connection position of the compressor 38 as a rotational load with respect to the rotary shaft 11 is changed, the rotary motion can be stably continued as the single rotary shaft 11.

  The compressed air storage receiver tank 2 is used for smoothing the amount of compressed air generated in the wind turbine equipment 1 over time, and is an essential facility for the compressor 38. In other words, the amount of compressed air generated by the wind turbine equipment 1 varies due to short-term fluctuations in the wind speed, but is an equipment for smoothing such fluctuations to obtain an average stable air volume. As shown in FIG. 3, the structure of the apparatus is configured mainly by a receiver tank 2 that stores compressed air that has been blown from the wind turbine equipment 1 and that has a large temporal fluctuation. From the receiver tank 2 to the air distributor 3. An air supply pipe 51 for blowing air is provided.

  The receiver tank 2 is a pressure-resistant container sealed with a predetermined tank capacity, formed in a substantially long cylindrical shape, supported laterally on a predetermined pedestal, and stably installed. The one end side of the receiver tank 2 is connected with an air supply pipe 40 from the compressed air production unit 16, and the other end side is connected with an air supply pipe 51 leading to the air distributor 3. The flow is prevented from interfering with each other, and at least a stable air supply flow rate is secured in the air supply pipe 51. Further, the tank capacity of the receiver tank 2 is ensured to be sufficiently stable compared to the discharge flow rate from the receiver tank 2 through the air supply pipe 51. Reference numeral 52 denotes a safety valve that opens the tank to the atmosphere side and lowers the tank pressure when the air pressure in the receiver tank 2 exceeds a predetermined pressure.

  The supply path of the compressed air supplied from the receiver tank 2 is configured to be able to selectively supply either the air distributor 3 or the winter power generation unit 55. That is, a first switching valve 56 is provided at a predetermined location of the air supply pipe 51 to the air distributor 3, and a location upstream of the first switching valve 56 in the air supply pipe 51 is a pipe 57. An air motor 58 is connected to the pipe, and a second switching valve 59 is installed on the pipe. The winter power generation unit 55 is connected to an air motor 58 that is supplied with compressed air and rotationally drives the motor output shaft, and an input shaft is connected to the motor output shaft, and electric power is generated using the rotational driving force input to the input shaft. And a battery 62 that charges the electric power generated by the generator with a predetermined boost.

  Therefore, when the supply of compressed air from the receiver tank 2 to the air distributor 3 is selected, the first switching valve 56 is opened and the second switching valve 59 is closed, whereby the air from the receiver tank 2 is closed. A route to the distribution device 3 is secured, and compressed air is supplied to the air distribution device 3. On the other hand, when the supply of compressed air to the winter power generation unit 55 is selected, the first switching valve 56 is closed and the second switching valve 59 is opened, so that the receiver tank 2 transfers the winter power generation unit 55 to the winter power generation unit 55. A route to reach is secured, compressed air is supplied to the winter power generation unit 55, and power generation and battery charging are performed by the winter power generation unit 55. Therefore, since it is not necessary to perform aeration circulation in winter when the lake water circulates naturally, wind energy in winter can be effectively used by generating power using excess compressed air.

  As a characteristic of the apparatus, since the object stored in the receiver tank 2 is air that is a compressible fluid, the size of the receiver tank 2 can be reduced. For this reason, the efficiency of the space required for the installation of the receiver tank can be increased. In practice, it is considered sufficient to reserve 0.4 MPa for air for storing air at a pressure in the receiver tank of 1 to 2 MPa and supplying it to the lake water.

  The air distribution device 3 uses the compressed air supplied from the receiver tank 2 to stably blow the same air volume to a plurality of pipes, that is, to send an equal amount of air to the plurality of air supply pipes 65. I have to.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the air distributor 3 has a plurality of air motors 66 arranged in parallel at predetermined intervals so that the motor output shafts are parallel to each other, and the motor output shafts of adjacent air motors are arranged. They are connected by an endless belt 67, and all the air motors 66 are configured to uniformly perform the same rotation output operation. That is, a single pipe from the receiver tank 2 is branched and connected to a plurality of distribution pipes, and each distribution pipe has the same specifications and is connected to an air motor 66 having the same discharge volume per rotation. That is, an air motor 66 having the same performance is used as a positive displacement fluid machine. Adjacent air motors are connected to the motor output shaft by the endless belt 67 and the coupling. Compressed air blown from the receiver tank 2 is sent to a plurality of air supply boxes 65 through these air motors 66. At this time, if compressed air is supplied simply by a branched pipe, the resistance varies depending on the path due to various factors such as the length and shape of the piping path from the branching point to the specific reaching point. Therefore, the pressure or air volume of the compressed gas that has reached must be non-uniform. However, when air is supplied from the apparatus through the air motor 66, the motor output shafts of the plurality of air motors 66 having the same volume are all linked, and the rotation speed as the output operation of all the air motors 66 is compulsory. Therefore, the flow rate of each air discharged from these air motors 66 per unit time, that is, the amount of each compressed air, is similarly made equal and equal. In order to prevent the backflow of compressed air to the air motor 66, a check valve 68 and a pressure adjustment valve 69 are disposed at the protruding port of the air motor. Reference numeral 70 denotes an electromagnetic valve provided in the air supply bowl 65.

  Further, since the length of the piping path and the shape of the entire path from the air motor 66 to the discharge port into the water are different between the pipes, there is a difference in resistance as an air flow path. The difference causes a difference in the pressure in the pipe. However, the purpose of this apparatus is to equalize the amount of air discharged from lake water such as a reservoir. Even if the pressure in the pipe is not uniform, the same air volume will be obtained if converted to unit pressure, and if released into the water, the same air discharge will be achieved at the water pressure corresponding to the water depth. If this happens, there is no problem, but it is a matter of course.

  However, if the resistance forces in the plurality of pipes are significantly different, the pressure in the discharge pipe from a specific air motor 66 may increase and the pipe may be damaged. In this apparatus, for example, even when the pressure on the discharge side of a certain air motor 66 increases, the output shafts of a plurality of air motors are interlocked. This is because the operation at this rotational speed is forcibly continued without decreasing the rotational speed of the output shaft of one air motor. In an extreme case, even when a discharge pipe from an arbitrary air motor is clogged, the operation of the air motor is continued, which is extremely dangerous.

  Therefore, a pipe is connected in parallel in the middle of the exhaust path of each air motor, and a configuration in which the pressure regulating valve 69 and the check valve 68 are arranged on the pipe is provided, and the above situation occurs. Has been prevented. Even in the case described above, this is a device for preventing the pressure in the pipe from exceeding the pressure limit of the exhaust pipe system. That is, this apparatus is configured such that a pressure regulating valve 69 and a check valve 68 are sequentially disposed at predetermined locations in the exhaust path via a pipe, and the check valve causes the exhaust path to be exhausted from the check valve. The pressure adjustment valve is set in advance with a predetermined pressure value corresponding to the pressure limit, and the pressure in the exhaust pipe exceeds this set pressure value. The non-return operation of the check valve is stopped and the exhaust pipe is connected to the atmosphere. Therefore, as described above, when the resistance in the exhaust pipe increases for some reason and the pressure in the pipe rises above a predetermined pressure, the pressure regulating valve opens the check valve and discharges from the air motor. The pressure in the exhaust pipe as a path can be released to the atmosphere side. As a result, it is possible to avoid a high-pressure state in a specific air motor exhaust pipe, which is a problem peculiar to the air distributor, and to prevent the pipe from being damaged.

  The aeration device 4 circulates the lake water by discharging the compressed air from the air distribution device 3 from a plurality of discharge ports in the lake water. In particular, even if the water level fluctuates due to changes in the amount of stored water due to the season, etc. By maintaining the specific water depth and discharging compressed air into the water from a plurality of outlets held at this water depth, the water temperature gradient is uniform from the specific water depth to the top, forming a shallow layer of hot water, and a cyanobacteria The purpose of this is to suppress the growth of turbid water or prevent the muddy water from flowing into the shallow layer to prevent the phenomenon of prolonged muddy water in the reservoir. A plurality of (in the figure, 10 air holes are arranged at a pitch of 20 m) are stably placed at a specific water depth according to the fluctuation of the water level, and compressed air is always discharged stably from the specific water depth. .

  The aeration apparatus 4 is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. B, a vertical pipe 73 fixed in the vertical direction at a predetermined interval and a float 75 levitated on the water surface of the reservoir are suspended and secured to the bottom of the water in a horizontal position. A horizontal pipe 77 having a number of diffused holes 76 in the longitudinal direction, and both ends of the vertical pipe and the horizontal pipe are connected to each other via a hinge 78 so that both pipes 73 and 77 communicate with each other and can swing. The aeration air supplied to the vertical pipe 73 via the air supply pipe 65 is always at a constant depth from the water surface regardless of fluctuations in the water level of the water surface of the reservoir. And is discharged from the diffuser holes 76 serving as discharge ports.

  In other words, the vertical pipe 73 is installed in a fixed manner at a predetermined interval according to the length of the horizontal pipe 77 at the bottom of the aeration location of the reservoir, and is set in a vertical posture by a wire 81 or the like. It is firmly fixed to hold Therefore, even if the float 75 and the horizontal pipe 77 connected via the swing pipe 79 change the position according to the fluctuation of the water level, the changed position remains within a predetermined range. Hold to stay. Each vertical pipe 73 is connected to a dedicated air supply pipe 65, and compressed air is supplied from the air distributor 3.

  The lateral pipe 77 is formed to a predetermined length, and both ends thereof are connected to the float 75 by wires 83 or the like having the same length, respectively. The float connects at least the lateral pipe 77 and the swing pipe 79 from the water surface. Sufficient buoyancy is secured as a levitating body that is held at a predetermined depth. That is, the horizontal pipe 77 is made of, for example, a length of several tens of meters to several hundreds of meters (200 m in this example), and a plurality of air diffusion holes 76 are provided at predetermined pitches (20 m in this example) in the length direction. The length of the wires 83 and the like is ensured to be several tens of meters (20 m in this example). Therefore, the horizontal pipe 77 is suspended substantially horizontally and maintains a predetermined depth from the water surface.

  The swing pipe 79 is connected to the upper end of the vertical pipe 73 at its lower end and to one end of the corresponding horizontal pipe 77 at its upper end via a hinge 85 that is a flexible pipe body. Therefore, even if the relative distance between the horizontal pipe 77 whose distance from the bottom changes according to the changed water level and the vertical pipe 73 fixed to the bottom changes, the water level on the water surface changes. In conjunction with this, the swinging posture of the swinging tube 79 is changed, and the change in distance can be absorbed by this change in posture, so that the vertical tube via the swinging tube 79 is maintained while maintaining the horizontal tube 77 in a horizontal posture at a predetermined depth. The communication state of the direction tube 73 and the sideways tube 77 can be maintained.

  The pipes 73, 79, 77 and the hinges 78, 85 each have a predetermined material, thickness of the pipe wall, etc., and air against the water pressure according to the installed depth. Rigidity strength that does not change the cross-sectional shape of the pipe body of the passage is ensured. In addition, although two floats 75 are provided corresponding to the positions of both ends of the horizontal pipe 77, this is an example and may be additionally provided at other intermediate positions.

  Therefore, according to the aeration apparatus 4, when compressed air for aeration in which an air amount is evenly secured is supplied to each air supply pipe 65 by the air distribution apparatus 3, this air is supplied to the vertical pipe 73 and the hinge. 78, the swing pipe 79, and the hinge 85 are sequentially passed to reach the horizontal pipe 77, and are suspended from the plurality of air holes 76 formed in the horizontal pipe 77 suspended by the float 75 and held at a certain depth. Released. Although the water level generally fluctuates in the reservoir, the air diffuser has a negative buoyancy, so that it hangs down from the float 75, and the water depth is maintained even if the water level fluctuates. Even when the water level fluctuates, the structure below the diffuser hole 76 of the aeration apparatus 4 is fixed to the bottom of the lake via the hinges 85 and 78, so that the position of the float 75 is not greatly displaced and constant. Stay within the range.

  This aeration / circulation device is as described above, and sends compressed air obtained from wind energy in the wind turbine facility 1 from the air supply pipe 40 to the receiver tank 2 and stores it, and smoothes the amount of compressed air over time. Further, the air is sent from the receiver tank 2 to the air distributor 3 through the air supply pipe 51, where the compressed air is uniformly distributed to the plurality of air supply pipes 65, and then the uniformly distributed compressed air is further passed through the air supply pipe 65. It is sent to the aeration apparatus 4 where it is discharged into the water from a plurality of diffused holes 76 of the horizontal pipe 77 suspended by the float 75, thereby circulating the lake water in the reservoir, and the eutrophication phenomenon or the muddy water prolonged phenomenon It is to suppress.

  In the aeration / circulation device as described above, the circulation amount of the lake water in the reservoir is proportional to the 1/2 power of the discharge air amount, so that the circulation amount per unit air amount, that is, the circulation efficiency is smaller in the discharge air amount. Is efficient. In the case of wind aeration, since the wind turbine equipment 1 is basically a compressed air production unit whose generated air volume varies depending on the wind speed, there is a one-to-one relationship between the conventional compressed air production device and the aeration circulation device. When the wind speed is strong, it causes a decrease in efficiency. This means that if wind aeration is performed in a place where the wind speed is not strong, the efficiency may be deteriorated and the effect may be insufficient when the wind aeration is performed on the premise of the limited energy of wind power. . By combining the above two points, the maintenance cost is converted to compressed air from the kinetic energy of wind existing in the vicinity of the dam, and in order to achieve the maximum effect with a limited amount of air, Regardless of this, by distributing this evenly and reducing the discharge amount from the individual discharge devices, the lake water circulation rate per unit air volume is improved and the lake water is circulated reliably to form a circulating and mixed shallow layer In addition, measures to suppress the eutrophication phenomenon or the prolonged muddy water phenomenon of the reservoir are taken.

  The aeration / circulation apparatus shown above is merely an example, and is not limited to the illustrated one. The place where the aeration / circulation device is installed is not necessarily a reservoir, and even a lake may have a deep water depth, for example, an average water depth of 10 m or more. Further, the specific configuration of the wind turbine equipment 1 shown in FIG. The specific configuration of the aeration apparatus 4 shown in B is also a preferable example, and may be replaced with another configuration as long as the same effect can be obtained.

It is the schematic which shows the left half part (land side) of the aeration circulating apparatus which is one embodiment of this invention. It is the schematic which shows the same right half part (reservoir side). (A) is shown in FIG. A enlarged view of the A part of A, (B) is a partial view of arrow B of (A), and (C) is a detailed view of the solenoid valve. It is a detailed view around the receiver tank. It is detail drawing of an air distribution apparatus.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Windmill equipment 2 Receiver tank 3 Air distribution apparatus 4 Aeration apparatus 5 Tower part 6 Windmill 7 Nacelle part 15 Nacelle control part 16 Compressed air production part 40,51,65 Air supply pipe 73 Vertical pipe 75 Float 76 Aeration hole (discharge port)
77 Lateral tube 78, 85 Hinge 79 Oscillating tube

Claims (4)

  Compressed air obtained from wind energy is sent to the discharge port in the lake of the reservoir, and discharged from the discharge port to circulate the lake water, forming a shallow layer of circulating mixed state consisting of warm water with uniform water temperature Aeration and circulation method for reservoirs using wind energy.   The aeration / circulation method for a reservoir or the like by wind energy according to claim 1, wherein the compressed air is uniformly distributed to a plurality of air supply pipes, then sent to a plurality of discharge ports in the lake water of the reservoir, and discharged from the discharge ports.   A windmill facility for obtaining compressed air from wind energy by a windmill, a receiver tank for storing compressed air for temporally smoothing the amount of compressed air generated in the windmill facility, and compressed air blown from the receiver tank And an aeration device that circulates lake water by discharging compressed air from the air distribution device through a plurality of discharge ports in the lake water. Aeration and circulation devices such as reservoirs using wind energy.   The aeration apparatus has a vertical pipe connected to a plurality of air supply pipes fixed at predetermined intervals in the lake water, and an upper end and a lower end of each of the vertical pipes are swingably connected by a hinge. And a horizontal pipe that is swingably connected by a hinge between the upper ends of the swing pipes. The horizontal pipe has a plurality of air diffusion holes formed at predetermined pitches, and the water surface of the reservoir. The aeration / circulation device for a reservoir or the like by wind energy according to claim 3, wherein the aeration device is connected to a float floating on the water and is suspended by the hinge so as to follow a water level.

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