JP2006064686A - Electronic length/goniometer - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an electronic length/goniometer which is inexpensive and superior in an operating speed, and a position information of each graduation from an origin can be formed with high reliability and low cost, even without complicated graduation markings, and that is applicable to a scale, a tape measure, and a protractor as a home-use measure. <P>SOLUTION: This measuring device comprises a scale, having a bit sign which specifies an absolute dimension sign for each virtual graduation interval is formed into a single line; a slide block which can move relatively with the scale, corresponding to the dimension or the like of an object to be measured; an imaging means, having a CCD/CMOS element which is mounted on the slide block and carries out an electronic information processing of the bit sign on the scale; the CCD/CMOS driving means which obtains electronic image information or the like, driving the imaging means; and an operation processing means which calculates the dimensional values or the like of the object to be measured, based on the obtained imaging information or the like. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to an electronic length / angle measuring instrument that electronically measures a dimension or a moving amount of an object to be measured by using a linear / arc-shaped scale such as a straight ruler / tape / protractor or a protractor. is there.

  Conventionally, an optical scale device is known as a kind of electronic length measuring device. This apparatus has a linear scale in which graduation lines or slits are formed at regular intervals, and a detection means that is movably provided along the longitudinal direction of the scale and optically detects the scale graduation. Yes. The detection means counts the number of scales detected while moving from the origin in accordance with the dimension of the measurement object or the position or movement amount on a straight line, and accumulates the result to determine the size of the measurement object or the position on the straight line. To measure the amount of movement. However, in the conventional optical scale device, in order to measure the dimension or the movement amount with high accuracy, it is necessary to set the scale dimensions formed on the scale with high accuracy, which is extremely expensive. There is a problem.

  On the other hand, Patent Literature 1 discloses an optical scale device schematically shown in FIG. In the optical scale device shown in FIG. 7, the CCD camera 73 mounted on the slide block 72 is moved on the surface of the scale 71 according to the size or position of the measurement object, and faces the camera 73 on the surface of the scale 71. An image of the partial scale line 71 a is taken and input to the personal computer 74. Then, the pan-con 74 recognizes the positional relationship between a specific measurement point in the visual field of the camera 73 and the graduation line 71a, and performs processing for obtaining the dimension value of the measurement point from the origin. In addition, a dimension value symbol 71b indicating a dimension value from the origin is attached to the scale line 71a. The dimension value symbol 71b is not limited to a binary expression form, and a line is made into a plurality of columns or a thickness is set to a plurality of kinds to indicate a larger numerical value in a small space by a more complicated expression form. It can also be done. And according to this patent document 1, even if the dimension value of the scale line 71a of the scale 71 is not set with high accuracy, it can be measured with high accuracy.

  JP 2001-221659 A

Problems to be solved by the invention

  However, in the optical scale device disclosed in Patent Document 1, it is necessary to provide all the scale lines 71a and the dimension value symbols 71b corresponding to the scale lines 71a on the scale 71. It is complicated. Although the dimension value symbol 71b is formed corresponding to each scale line 71a, the specific means is not clearly shown.

  By the way, a straight / tape / protractor called home measure is used not only in homes but everywhere. For example, the straight scale is widely used as a scale for steel, woodworking, and stone cutting machines, or as a scale for height inspection after construction of road guide rails and traffic signs. The tape measure is widely used for surveying or measuring the body shape of Japanese and Western styles. Furthermore, the protractor is widely used in various situations as a measuring instrument such as angled cutting or joint sensor of a humanoid robot. For such home majors, there is a demand for the realization of an electronic length / angle measuring instrument that is reasonably accurate and inexpensive and excellent in work speed.

  Therefore, the problem of the present invention is that it is possible to form the position information of each scale from the origin with high reliability and at low cost even without a complicated scale line, and to a straight scale / tape measure / protractor called home measure. The object is to obtain an electronic length / angle measuring instrument that is inexpensive and excellent in work speed.

Means for solving the problem

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the electronic length / angle measuring instrument according to the present invention has a scale in which a bit code for specifying an absolute dimension symbol is formed in a line for each virtual scale, a dimension of a measurement object, and the like. Correspondingly, a slide block that is movable relative to the scale, an imaging unit that is installed in the slide block and has a CCD / CMOS element that converts the bit code on the scale into electronic information, and driving the imaging unit It comprises CCD / CMOS driving means for obtaining digitized image information and the like, and arithmetic processing means for calculating the dimension value of the measurement object based on the obtained image information and the like.

  Hereinafter, in order to simplify the description, a length measuring device using a linear or tape measure scale will be described. However, an angle measuring device using a protractor has the same configuration and function, and includes this.

  In the present invention, the scale is linear or tape measure, and it is preferable that the slide block can slide along the scale. In the present invention, the virtual scale means a scale that is virtually formed on the surface of the scale at regular intervals, such as 0.5 cm, 1 cm, and 1 inch (2.54 cm), and is not actually formed. The absolute dimension symbol is a symbol specifying position information from the origin or reference, and in the present invention, it is a bit code formed in a line in the scale direction. Here, the term “one row” means that the height of the bit code can be minimized within a range that can be recognized by a CCD / CMOS device, which will be described later, and such a bit code is arranged with a row. Then, a bit code in a row is recognized as image information by a CCD / CMOS element, and a measurement value such as a dimension value from the origin or reference to the measurement point or a movement distance from the measurement starting point position to the measurement point is calculated and obtained. It is configured. By always detecting the absolute position of the measurement point at the start of measurement by this bit code, it is not necessary to return the slide block to the origin at every measurement, as in a normal increment type length / angle measuring instrument.

  In the present invention, the bit code is divided into a predetermined number of bits between the virtual scales, and the bits include a start bit of each virtual scale, a bit of an absolute dimension symbol including a one digit following the start bit, Preferably, the imaging means includes a CCD / CMOS element having a field of view that spans at least one of the virtual scale dimensions and at least one of the start bit width dimensions. The start bit in the bit code is a starting point of each virtual scale, and each virtual scale is divided by adjacent stop bits. The absolute dimension symbol bits including the ones following the start bit specify the absolute dimension symbol for each virtual scale. The stop bit is the end point of each virtual scale, and each virtual scale is divided by the adjacent start bit. Further, if the CCD / CMOS element has the above configuration, the center of the start bit and the distance between the measurement points can be recognized, and the dimension below the absolute dimension symbol can be obtained.

  For example, as a bit code, a 1-cm virtual scale is divided into 20 bits, and these 20 bits are one digit consisting of 5 bits of darkness, 1 bit of light, and 1 to 4 bits of light and dark. It can be a stop bit consisting of a bit of an absolute dimension symbol including it and a 1-bit light. Here, if the interval between 1 cm virtual graduations is divided into 20 bits, it becomes 0.5 mm per bit, which is easy to form on the scale. Also, if the start bit is 5 bits dark, this is not in the bits of each place including the 1 digit consisting of 1 to 4 bits of light and dark, so it is clearly distinguished from the absolute size symbol containing the next 1 place. The If each place including one place is made 1 to 4 bits bright and dark, the binary number can be replaced with a decimal number in the range of 1 to 9. For example, as a 4-bit light (0) dark (1) replacement from binary to decimal, 0001 is 1, 0010 is 2, 0011 is 3, 0100 is 4, 0101 is 5, 0110 is 6, 0111 Can be 7, 1000 can be 8, and 1001 can be 9. And the decimal number of each place can be displayed and it can be set as the absolute dimension symbol of a measurement point. If the CCD / CMOS element can be recognized, the 1 cm virtual scale interval may be divided into 40 bits (0.25 mm per bit) exceeding 20 bits (0.5 mm per bit). In this case, Absolute dimension symbols up to higher levels can be formed.

  On the surface of the scale, it is preferable that a reference scale line and a reference dimension symbol are formed on the surface for the purpose of measurement. In addition to a commercially available straight ruler, a tape measure or a protractor can be used as the scale on which the reference scale line is formed, and a slide block with a rail-like base attached is slid onto such a scale. It is good also as a structure made to do. When forming the reference scale lines, only the reference unit reference scale lines (for example, 1 mm) formed at a single interval may be used, but the predetermined number of reference unit reference scale lines (for example, 0.5 cm, 1 cm, Alternatively, it is preferable to form an upper unit reference scale line for each inch (2.54 cm) and a reference dimension symbol, and to associate this with a bit code specifying an absolute dimension symbol.

  In the present invention, the imaging means is configured to relatively move on the surface of the linear / arc-shaped scale in accordance with the dimension or position of the measurement object. In addition, the imaging means preferably includes a one-dimensional CCD / CMOS element that can fit a bit code formed on the surface of the scale within the field of view. In the above-described Patent Document 1, since the dimension value symbol 71b on the scale 71 is surface information, a CCD / CMOS element having about 200 bits in length and width is required. On the other hand, in the present invention, since the absolute dimension symbol on the scale is one row of bit code information, the image pickup means is a one-dimensional CCD / CMOS element often used in a FAX or a copying machine, and has the number of pixels. The structure is simple and inexpensive.

  In the present invention, the arithmetic processing means recognizes the positional relationship between the bit code obtained by the CCD / CMOS element of the imaging means and the measurement point, the moving direction of the slide block, the moving reference unit amount, etc., and based on this recognition information. Thus, a measurement value such as a dimension value from the origin to the measurement point or a movement distance from the measurement starting point position to the measurement point is calculated and obtained.

  In the present invention, the CCD / CMOS element preferably has a field of view that spans at least one virtual scale and the width of at least one start bit. The distance between the start bit and the measurement point is measured by a CCD / CMOS element, and the dimension below the absolute dimension symbol can be calculated based on the obtained measurement value. For example, if the distance between the virtual graduations is 1 cm (10 mm) and the start bit width is 3 mm, the length of the CCD / CMOS device in the scale direction is greater than (10 + 3) mm, for example, 14 mm or more. good. This CCD / CMOS element measures the distance between the start bit and the measurement point. If the measurement point is behind the start bit, the distance is added to the absolute dimension symbol, while the measurement point starts. If the distance is before the bit, the distance below the absolute dimension symbol can be obtained by subtracting the distance from the absolute dimension symbol.

  The length of the CCD / CMOS element in the scale direction is set to a field of view that always spans two start bits, and the start bit and the measurement point are separated by one or more on both sides of the measurement point by the CCD / CMOS element. By measuring the distance between them and calculating the measured value of the ratio of the distance between the start bit on both sides sandwiching the measurement point and the measurement point, the dimension below the absolute dimension symbol can be obtained with higher accuracy.

  In the present invention, the display or printing of the dimension value or movement amount of the measurement object may be output from the arithmetic processing means to a known display means or printing means.

The invention's effect

  According to the electronic length / angle measuring instrument of the present invention, the position information of each graduation from the origin can be formed with high reliability and at low cost even without a complicated graduation line. It is inexpensive and excellent in work speed, and can be applied to a scale / tape / protractor.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Hereinafter, several examples of embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
(Embodiment 1)
1 is an overall schematic configuration diagram of an electronic length / angle measuring instrument according to Embodiment 1. FIG. The electronic length / angle measuring instrument shown in FIG. 1 includes a measuring unit 4 including a scale 1, a slide block 2, and an imaging unit 3, an arithmetic processing unit 5, and the like. The imaging means 3 has a CCD / CMOS element 14 and is installed on a slide block 2 that moves according to the size or movement of the measurement object.

  The scale 1 is formed of a metal material or a resin material in a straight rail shape, and a bit for specifying an absolute dimension symbol for each virtual scale 16 (not formed) at a constant interval 15 on the surface thereof. Reference numerals 12 (12a, 12b, 12c) are formed in a line on the metal material by, for example, laser processing.

  The arithmetic processing unit 5 includes a CCD / CMOS driving unit 6, an image information processing unit 7, an arithmetic processing unit 8, a storage unit 9, and the like. In a state in which the slide block 2 is moved to the measurement point, the image pickup means 3 is driven by the CCD / CMOS drive means 6 of the arithmetic processing unit 5, and the bit code 12 of the image pickup area is image information by the CCD / CMOS element 14 of the image pickup means 3. The data is taken in by the processing means and output to the arithmetic processing means 8. Further, the pattern discrimination information related to each bit code 12 is taught and stored in advance in the storage unit 8 of the arithmetic processing unit 5. The measurement value output obtained by the arithmetic processing means 8 is inputted to the display / printing means 10 and can be provided as information that can be visually observed by the measurer by display or printing.

  2A and 2B are explanatory diagrams of the bit code 12 in the electronic length / angle measuring device according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2A is an enlarged partial plan view of the bit code 12 and FIG. 2B is an arrangement of the bit code 12. FIG. 2C shows an example of one bit code 12.

  As shown in FIG. 2 (a), on the surface of the scale 1, for each virtual scale 16 (not formed) with an interval of 1 cm, a bit code 12 is formed in a line in the scale 1 direction (indicated by the arrow 1a), The bit code 12 is an absolute dimension symbol (for example, decimal numbers 61, 62, etc.). The bit code 12 is formed up to 1999 mm.

  As shown in FIGS. 2B and 2C, the bit code 12 is 20 bits in 0.5 mm increments between 1 cm of virtual scales 16 (not formed) in the scale 1 direction (indicated by the arrow 1a). The 20 bits are divided into a start bit 12a consisting of 5 bits of darkness and 1 bit of light, an absolute dimension symbol bit 12b including one digit consisting of 1 to 4 bits of lightness and darkness, and 1 bit of light. And a stop bit 12c consisting of The bit code 12 has a width of 3 mm. Although not shown in the figure, a CCD / CMOS element 14 having a visual field in which two bits or more are added to the interval between one virtual scale and the width dimension of one start bit is arranged in the slide block.

  In one bit code 12, a start bit 12a is a starting point of each virtual scale 16, and each virtual scale 16 is divided by a stop bit 12c adjacent to the left. Following the start bit 12a, the absolute dimension symbol bits 12b of each of the thousands, hundreds, tens and ones specify the absolute dimension symbol for each virtual scale 16. The stop bit 12c is the end point of each virtual scale 16, and each virtual scale 16 is divided by the adjacent start bit 12a.

  FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of each bit 12b in the electronic length / angle measuring device according to the first embodiment and the second embodiment to be described later, and (a) shows one bit code 12, b) is a decimal number that is replaced from the bits 12b of each of the thousand, hundred, ten, and one; (c) and (d) are bits 12b of each of the thousand, hundred, ten, and one; and (e) is a bit of each place. 7 shows an example of a combination of 7 and 8. In FIG. 3A, the thousand digit is 1 bit, light is 0, and dark is 1. As shown in FIG. 3 (c) or (d), each hundred, ten, and one place is 4 bits, and these 4 bits are binary light (0) dark (1). Then, a binary (bright) (0) dark (1) is imaged by a CCD / CMOS element (not shown), processed, and replaced with a decimal number. That is, the replacement of binary numbers from light (0) dark (1) to decimal numbers is as follows. In FIGS. 3B and 3C, 0001 is 1, 0010 is 2, 0011 is 3, 0100 is 4, and 0101 is 5. , 0110 is changed to 6, 0111 to 7, 1000 to 8, and 1001 to 9, and the result is replaced with a decimal number. Here, the start bit is darkened to 5 bits, for example, as shown in FIG. 3E, 78 in decimal number is 7 [0111] and 8 [in binary number in FIG. 1000], dark (1) is 4 bits continuous, 79 in decimal is 7 [0111] and 9 [1001] in binary, and dark (1) is 4 bits continuous, but dark (1) This is because it is clearly separated from the absolute dimension symbol 12b in each of the thousands, hundreds, tens, and ones because there is no one that exceeds this 4, that is, 5 bits or more. As a display method in binary numbers, as shown in FIGS. 3B and 3D, 1000 is 1, 0100 is 2, 1100 is 3, 0010 is 4, 1010 is 5, 0110 is 6, 1110. 7, 0001 may be 8, and 1001 may be 9.

The dimension below the absolute dimension symbol specified by the bit code 12 is obtained by measuring the distance between the start bit 12a and the measurement point using a CCD / CMOS element. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram for obtaining the dimension below the absolute dimension symbol in the electronic length / angle measuring instrument according to the first embodiment. In FIG. 4, reference numeral 14 denotes a one-dimensional CCD / CMOS element. The field of view (A) of the one-dimensional CCD / CMOS element 14 is p [between one virtual scale 16 (10 mm)] and w [one start bit. Width (3 mm)] and α [1 bit (0.5 mm) or more on each side, total 2 bits (1 mm) or more]], A = (p + w + α) = 14 mm or more. Then, the boundary (C) between the stop bit 12c and the start bit 12a is recognized by the one-dimensional CCD / CMOS element 14, and the distance L1 (0.34) between the boundary (C) and the measurement point (X) is measured. This is added to the absolute dimension symbol (63) recognized by the bit code, and the measured value (63 + 0.34) = 63.34 (mm).
When the boundary (C) between the start bit 12a and the stop bit 12c is determined by the one-dimensional CCD / CMOS element 14, the size of the pixel of the CCD / CMOS element to be used, the sharpness of the outline of the start bit 12b, etc. Affects measurement accuracy. For this reason, in the present invention, the width of the entire start bit 12a consisting of 5 bits is detected and discriminated by the CCD / CMOS element, the center position is calculated, and, for example, 2.5 bits are separated from the center position. It is preferable to adopt a method such as recognizing the position as the boundary (C). When the width of the entire start bit is detected and measurement is performed with reference to the center position of the start bit, there is an advantage that the influence of the unclearness of the pixel size and the outline of the bit code can be reduced, which is practical.

  As described above, the electronic length / angle measuring instrument according to the first embodiment is provided with a bit code 12 for specifying an absolute dimension symbol for each virtual scale 16 of the scale 1 in a line, and the bit code 12 is one-dimensionally provided. Since the CCD / CMOS element 14 only needs to be used for imaging, the position information of each scale from the origin can be formed with high reliability and at low cost even without a complicated scale line. This is an electronic length / angle measuring instrument that can be applied to a protractor and the like and is inexpensive and excellent in work speed. Further, since the absolute position of the measurement point is detected at the start of measurement, it is not necessary to return the slide block to the origin every time measurement is performed, unlike a normal increment type length / angle measuring instrument.

(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 5 is an overall schematic configuration diagram of the electronic length / angle measuring device according to the second embodiment. The electronic length / angle measuring instrument shown in FIG. 5 includes a scale 1, a slide block 2, and a measurement unit 4 including an imaging unit 3, an arithmetic processing unit 5, and the like, as in the first embodiment. ing. The arithmetic processing unit 5 includes a CCD / CMOS driving unit 6, an image information processing unit 7, an arithmetic processing unit 8, a storage unit 9, and the like. The imaging means 3 having the CCD / CMOS element 14 is mounted on a slide block 2 that moves according to the size or movement of the measurement object. The measurement value output obtained by the arithmetic processing means 8 is input to the display / printing means 10 and can be provided as information that can be viewed by the measurer by display or printing.

  The scale 1 is formed of a metal material or a resin material in a straight rail shape, and a bit for specifying an absolute dimension symbol for each virtual scale 16 (not formed) at a constant interval 15 on the surface thereof. Reference numeral 12 is formed in a row for a metal material by, for example, laser processing. The bit code 12 is formed up to 1999 mm. Further, on the surface of the scale 1, reference unit reference scale lines 11 a formed at intervals of 1 mm and upper reference scale lines 11 b formed at intervals of 1 cm are formed as reference scale lines 11 for reference during measurement. Further, a reference dimension symbol 13 is also formed. Note that the reference scale line 11 is usually measured after the measurer always sets the origin, so that the reference scale line 11 is formed so as to be slightly different from each virtual scale 16.

  As in the first embodiment, 1 cm between the virtual scales 16 is divided into 20 bits in 0.5 mm increments in the scale 1 direction, and the 20 bits are divided into 5 bits of darkness and 1 bit of light. Are composed of a start bit 12a consisting of 1 bit, an absolute dimension symbol bit 12b including a one digit consisting of 1 to 4 bits of light and dark, and a stop bit 12c consisting of 1 bit of light. The bit code 12 has a width of 3 mm. Although not shown, the slide block 2 has a one-dimensional CCD / CMOS element 14 in which at least one start bit 12a is imaged in the field of view.

  FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of origin setting and subsequent measurement in the electronic length / angle measuring instrument according to the second embodiment. First, in FIG. 6 (a), (1) When the reading value of the measurement point X when the switch is turned on to start measurement is 1.20 cm, (2) By displaying this as 0 cm, the origin is displayed. A point is set. Next, the measurement is started. As shown in FIG. 6B, (1) when the reading value is 32.34 cm, (2) the calculation processing means calculates and 32.34-1.20 = 31.14 cm is displayed. Is done. In another measurement, as shown in FIG. 6C, (1) when the reading value is 96.94 cm, (2) it is calculated by the arithmetic processing means, and 96.94-1.20 = 95.74 cm is displayed. The In FIG. 6 (a), the dimension value below the absolute dimension symbol is obtained by causing the CCD / CMOS element 14 to recognize the ratio (L1: L2) of the distance from the measurement point X to the adjacent start bits 12a, 12a. / (L1 + L2) is calculated to improve the measurement accuracy.

  As described above, in the electronic length / angle measuring instrument according to the second embodiment, the bit code 12 for specifying the absolute dimension symbol is provided in a line for each virtual scale 16 of the scale, and the bit code 12 is provided in the CCD / CMOS. Since the image can be picked up by the element 14, even if the scale line as a guide is slightly deviated, the position information of each scale from the origin can be formed with high reliability and at low cost, and the scale / tape / An electronic length / angle measuring instrument that can be applied to a protractor or the like and is inexpensive and excellent in work speed. In addition, since the absolute position of the measurement point is detected at the start of measurement, it is not necessary to return the slide block to the origin every time measurement is performed, unlike a normal increment type length / angle measuring instrument.

  1 is an overall schematic configuration diagram of an electronic length / angle measuring instrument according to Embodiment 1. FIG.   It is explanatory drawing of the bit code | symbol 12 with the electronic type length / angle measuring device which concerns on Embodiment 1, (a) is a partial plane enlarged view of the bit code | symbol 12, (b) The layout of the bit code | symbol 12; ) Is a diagram illustrating an example of one bit code 12.   It is explanatory drawing of the bit 12b of each place in the electronic length / angle measuring device which concerns on Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2 mentioned later, (a) is one bit code | symbol 12, (b) is 1000 , Hundred, ten, one decimal number replaced from bit 12b, (c) (d) is thousand, hundred, ten, one bit 12b, (e) is 7 in each bit An example of 8 combinations is shown.   FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram for obtaining a dimension below an absolute dimension symbol in the electronic length / angle measuring instrument according to the first embodiment.   FIG. 5 is an overall schematic configuration diagram of an electronic length / angle measuring device according to a second embodiment.   It is a figure which shows an example of the origin setting in the electronic length / angle measuring device which concerns on Embodiment 2, and a subsequent measurement.   1 is a schematic diagram of an optical scale device disclosed in Patent Document 1. FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1: Scale 2: Slide block 3: Imaging unit 4: Measuring unit 5: Arithmetic processing unit 6: CCD / CMOS driving unit 7: Image information processing unit 8: Arithmetic processing unit 9: Storage unit 10: Display / printing unit 11: Reference scale line 11a: Reference unit guide scale line 11b: Upper unit guide scale line 12: Bit code 12a: Start bit 12b: Bit 12c of absolute dimension symbol: Stop bit 13: Standard dimension symbol 14: CCD / CMOS element (one-dimensional CCD / CMOS device)
15: Fixed interval 16: Virtual scale (not formed)
71: Scale 71a: Scale line 71b: Dimension value symbol 72: Slide block 73: CCD camera 74: Personal computer A: Field of view of one-dimensional CCD / CMOS device α: Total of 2 bits or more C: Boundary between start bit 12a and stop bit 12c L1, L2: Distance from measurement point to adjacent start bit p: Between virtual scales w: Width dimension of start bit X: Measurement point

Claims (4)

  A scale in which a bit code specifying an absolute dimension symbol is formed in a row for each virtual scale, a slide block movable relative to the scale in accordance with the dimension of the measurement object, and the slide block An image pickup means having a CCD / CMOS element which is installed and converts the bit code on the scale into electronic information, a CCD / CMOS drive means for obtaining electronic image information by driving the image pickup means, and obtained image information An electronic length / angle measuring instrument, comprising: an arithmetic processing means for calculating a dimension value of the measurement object based on the above.   The bit code is divided into a predetermined number of bits between the virtual scales, and the bits include a start bit of each virtual scale, a bit of the absolute dimension symbol including a one digit following the start bit, and Each of the virtual graduations includes a stop bit, and the imaging means includes a CCD / CMOS element having a visual field straddling at least one dimension between the virtual graduations and at least one width of the start bit. The electronic length / angle measuring instrument according to claim 1.   The bit code is divided into 20 bits between the virtual scales of 1 cm, and the 20 bits are obtained from the start bit of each virtual scale consisting of 5 bits of darkness and 1 bit of light, and 1 to 4 bits of lightness and darkness. 3. The electronic length / angle according to claim 1 or 2, comprising: a bit of an absolute dimension symbol including one digit and a stop bit of each virtual scale consisting of one bit of light. Measuring instrument.   4. The distance between the start bit and the measurement point is measured by the CCD / CMOS element, and a dimension less than the absolute dimension symbol is calculated based on the obtained measurement value. An electronic length / angle measuring instrument according to claim 1.

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