JP2006055038A - Antibacterial substance comprising guava - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain antimicrobial substance comprising guava, as a bacterial growth inhibitor derived from natural plants, having high antiproliferative activity even against heat-resistant spore-forming bacteria, and excellent in safety to the human body. <P>SOLUTION: The antibacterial substance comprising guava, as the bacterial growth inhibitor, has extract liquid extracted from leaves, stems, branches, fruits, flowers, roots or the like of guava (Psidium guajava L.) which are evergreen trees growing at places mainly from a subtropical zone to a tropical zone, with water, alcohol or mixed solution thereof, or has refined extract obtained by further subjecting the extract liquid to chromato treatment to refine the liquid, as an active ingredient. The substance is utilized for various kinds of food and drink involving a packaged food and drink, or cosmetics, as preservatives or a long shelf life improver. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a naturally-occurring bacterial growth inhibitor, and more specifically, the present invention generally relates to methods other than heat sterilization methods and chemical treatments under high temperature and high pressure conditions generally known for retort sterilization and the like. The present invention relates to a heat-resistant spore-forming bacterium growth inhibitor capable of suppressing the growth of heat-resistant spore-forming bacteria and Escherichia coli, which have no effective means, and a method for producing the same.

  Traditionally, the control of microorganisms has been a major issue in maintaining the quality of processed foods that use natural ingredients and materials, and the establishment of processing and manufacturing technologies that minimize the effects of microbial alteration, decay, and the introduction of fungi that adversely affect the human body. It has been demanded. Among microorganisms, heat-resistant spore-forming bacteria are known to have strong resistance to heat treatment, and often have strong resistance to drugs such as antibacterial agents. When heat-resistant spore-forming bacteria are mixed in a product due to such reasons as described above, it may not be sufficiently controlled by normal heat treatment or product contents.

  Conventionally, in food production, preservatives, which are food additives, and shelf life improvers have been used for the purpose of antiseptic and mildewproofing, and it has become possible to maintain quality during the storage and distribution period of products. In particular, in the food field, safety to the human body by ingestion of these additives is an essential condition, and preservatives and shelf-life improvers based on food additives such as sucrose fatty acid esters and glycerin fatty acid esters are often used. ing.

  However, preservatives and shelf-life improvers based on these food additives are still not fully satisfactory in terms of bactericidal efficacy against heat-resistant spore-forming bacteria, and are also safe and healthy for the human body. Due to recent consumer needs that are sensitive to the surface, there are increasing expectations for natural preservatives and shelf life improvers.

  On the other hand, guava (Psidium guajava L.) is an evergreen tree belonging to the family Plumaceae that grows mainly from the subtropics to the tropics, and its leaves, roots, and fruits have been used for disease treatment and preservation since ancient times. I came. Even now, fruits are used as raw food and juice, and leaves are used as guava tea (for example, see Non-Patent Document 1).

  Recently, research has also started on the antibacterial activity of guava, for example, antibacterial activity against the following microorganisms: viruses such as Legionella, influenza, Streptococcus mutans, Helicobacter pylori (for example, , See Patent Documents 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively). In the field of food and beverage production, Sato et al. Reported that guava also has some antibacterial activity (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 2). So far, no investigation has been made on the antibacterial activity against bacteria and its contributing components.

Regarding the plants other than guava, among the tropical to subtropical plants, for example, coffee, and coffee fermented coffee beans have been reported to have antibacterial activity against heat-resistant spore-forming bacteria. Yes (see, for example, Patent Document 5).
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-43442 JP 2000-273048 A JP-A-08-99893 JP 08-119872 A JP 2001-178431 A “Yodogawa Pharmaceutical Science Dictionary”, Yodogawa Shoten, April 15, 1983, p. 351 “J. Biosci. Bioeng.” Volume 90, No. 4, 2000, p. 442-446

  In view of the above-described conventional problems and the current situation, the present invention intends to solve this problem, and is excellent in safety and exhibits a high growth inhibitory effect against bacteria, particularly heat-resistant spore-forming bacteria. It is an object of the present invention to provide a thermostable spore-forming bacterial growth inhibitor capable of

  In the previous invention (Japanese Patent Application No. 2003-44254), the applicant of the present invention has two compounds (Morin-3-O-lyxoxide, Morin-3-O) having strong antibacterial activity against these bacteria in the guava leaf extract. -Arabinoid) was filed. Furthermore, as a result of intensive research in order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, the antibacterial activity derived from the two compounds and analogs thereof (morin, quercetin and their glycosides) has the whole guava leaf extract. It was suggested that there are components that are part of antibacterial activity and have strong antibacterial activity against heat-resistant spore-forming bacteria in addition to these compounds. The present inventors have found a component having a strong antibacterial activity against heat-resistant spore-forming bacteria in a more water-soluble fraction in the guava leaf extract, and have completed the following invention.

That is, the present invention includes the following (1) and (2) as aspects.
(1) A heat-resistant spore-forming bacterial growth inhibitor characterized by comprising an extract obtained from guava as an active ingredient.
(2) The heat-resistant spore-forming bacterial growth inhibitor according to the above aspect 1, wherein the extract contains the components indicated by the following analysis data.
Analytical data: using an analytical ODS column (analytical ODS column from Phenomenex, LUNA 5 μC18 2.0 × 250 mm), column temperature 40 ° C., flow rate 0.2 ml / min, methanol / 1% acetic acid-water (0 → 20). Morin, quercetin, and their glycosides detected under the same conditions in high-performance liquid chromatography using 10: 90 → 30/70, 20 → 30 minutes: 30/70 → 100/0) as an eluent It must contain components that are eluted before (retention time: 10 to 13 minutes).

  The “heat-resistant spore-forming bacterium” defined in the present invention refers to a bacterium that forms a heat-resistant spore (spore), and specifically, Bacillus genus fine pods (for example, subtilis, cereus, stearothermophilus, bacteria, etc.), Clostridium bacteria (for example, Clostridium botulinum, sporpgenes, pertringens, etc.) and bacteria belonging to the genus Actinomyces (for example, violaceus). In addition, the “growth inhibition (effect)” for thermostable spore-forming bacteria defined in the present invention includes a decrease in pH observed with the growth of microorganisms in the contents liquid, and a predetermined nutrient according to a normal method. The difference in increase or decrease in the number of colonies that can be measured after passing through the culture period after mixing with petri dish with agar medium.

  The bacterial growth inhibitor of the present invention thus configured contains an extract obtained by extraction from guava and a purified extract thereof, and the bacterial growth inhibitor obtained is a heat-resistant spore-forming bacterium. The growth inhibitory effect with respect to etc. will be expressed. In the present invention, since guava, which is a natural product, is produced as a starting material, it is expected to have high biodegradability and high safety to the human body, and can be used by adding to foods, soft drinks and the like. Furthermore, in the present invention, the growth of bacterial spores that are difficult to control in the manufacturing process of processed foods can be suppressed, so that stable production quality can be provided when used in the manufacturing process, and the bacterial growth suppression of the present invention is also possible. In the case of processed foods with additives, it is not necessary to sterilize excessively, so quality deterioration due to heating can be suppressed as much as possible, flavored processed foods, etc. can be provided, and heat resistant. Even if it mix | blends with respect to the processed food which has a stable useful component, it will become what can suppress the proliferation of a bacterial spore.

  The bacterial growth inhibitor according to the present invention can inhibit the growth of heat-resistant spore-forming bacteria in addition to normal general bacteria including Escherichia coli, food poisoning staphylococcus aureus, and canned foods, bottled foods, retort foods, etc. In addition, when added to foods and drinks in containers such as beverages in plastic bottles, even if some bacteria remain in the manufacturing process, it is possible to prevent the bacteria from growing, so that the substantial decay Is prevented, accidents such as deformation and rupture of the container due to bacterial growth are prevented, and the shelf life of the product can be greatly extended.

  Moreover, the bacteria growth inhibitor which concerns on this invention can be used also for cosmetics, a pharmaceutical, a hygiene chemical, and an industrial chemical other than food-drinks.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail. The bacterial growth inhibitor in the present invention is characterized by using as an active ingredient a component extracted from guava leaves.

  Examples of the raw material used in the present invention include guava leaf parts, branch parts, trunk parts, root parts, real parts, flower parts and the like, and are not particularly limited as long as they are usually used for food. The leaf portion used in guava tea or the like is suitable as an optimal site, and it can be used as raw material, either raw leaves or tea leaves roasted for tea making, and a mixture of these can also be used. .

  In the extraction treatment in the present invention, as an extraction solvent, water or an alcohol such as ethanol, methanol, propanol, or butanol, or an organic solvent such as diethyl ether or ester (for example, ethyl acetate) is used singly or in combination of two or more. And an organic solvent can be mixed. As an extraction method, a conventional method is used as appropriate, and examples include techniques such as warm extraction, pressurized heating extraction, superheated steam extraction, supercritical extraction using carbon dioxide, and liquefied carbon dioxide extraction. Depending on the case, it is possible to repeat these extractions or to combine one or more of them.

  In view of facilities, simplicity, ease of operation, occupational safety, and the like, heat extraction using water as a solvent is exemplified as a preferred example. However, when guava leaves are used as a raw material, the water temperature is 15 Extraction is possible at any temperature from ℃ to 200 ℃, and if necessary, extraction may be performed by pressurization, preferably 50 ℃ or more, more preferably 85 ℃ or more, particularly preferably 95 ℃ or more. The extraction temperature (95-100 ° C.) is preferred.

  The extraction time may be appropriately determined between 5 minutes and 120 minutes. Normally, the active ingredient of the present invention is extracted even at an extraction treatment of 85 ° C. for 8 minutes, but the component of the present invention is efficiently extracted from the raw material as the extraction temperature is higher. More preferably, an extraction time of 30 to 60 minutes is desirable. When the extraction time exceeds 120 minutes, soluble dietary fibers such as pectin are strongly eluted from the leaves, and subsequent purification treatment becomes difficult. In the case of an organic solvent or a mixture of an organic solvent and water, it may be carried out according to the above.

  The bacterial growth inhibitor of the present invention comprises the guava extract obtained by the above method as an active ingredient, but more preferably a purified product obtained by removing hardly soluble components, coloring components and flavor components from this extract. An extract is desirable. Examples of the purification method for the purified extract include synthetic adsorption resins such as amberlite resins and filtration using filters and membranes. Amberlite resins such as XAD16 Amberlite manufactured by Organo Corporation In the case of using a resin, a method in which the guava extract obtained by the above method is adsorbed and adsorbed on a resin that is sufficiently immersed in water in advance and eluted with an organic solvent such as ethanol or methanol can be used. As the organic solvent used for elution, the organic solvent used for extraction can be used as it is, and water or a mixture of water and an organic solvent can also be used. When ethanol water is used, the active ingredient according to the present invention is eluted with 5-95%, preferably 10-75% ethanol water. As the synthetic adsorption resin, various reversed phase resins can be widely used in addition to those exemplified above.

  That is, the extract of guava is an active ingredient in the present invention, but if desired, the extract can be eluted with ethanol water after being subjected to a synthetic adsorption resin, thereby increasing the concentration of the active ingredient. The purified extract thus purified and the specific fraction obtained by further fractionation thereof can also be used as the active ingredient of the present invention.

    FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the results of high-performance liquid chromatography of the extract obtained by extracting guava leaves with hot water at 85 ° C. for 8 minutes. Among the components obtained under the same conditions, the components present during the elution time of 10 to 13 minutes are the antibacterial components obtained by the present invention, and 10% to 75%, more preferably 20 by the above purification method. Since a large amount is specifically contained in the fraction eluted from the resin with ethanol from 40% to 40%, it is possible to obtain a more effective purified extract by performing such a purification treatment.

  In addition, the peak in the latter half of FIG. 2, that is, the component existing after the elution time of 20 minutes is also an antibacterial component obtained by the present invention, and among these, two kinds of new antibacterials found for the first time in the invention of the prior application are included. In addition to active compounds (morin-3-O-α-L-lyxopyranoside, morin-3-O-α-L-arabopyranoside), these analogs having antibacterial properties (morin, quercetin and their glycosides) include.

  The two new antibacterial compounds obtained in the previous invention are included in the components appearing in the latter half of FIG. 2 (elution time 20 minutes or later, usually 20 minutes to 30 minutes) as described above. This antibacterial component (that is, the peak in the latter half) is efficiently eluted with a higher ethanol concentration, for example, 50% or more (50 to 98%, preferably 60 to 95%) of ethanol water. At this time, the analogues of morin and quercetin having no or low antibacterial properties may be eluted at the same time. In particular, Morin and Quercetin analogs are components that are contained in high concentrations in the leaves, but they are brownish, poorly water-soluble, and have strong taste such as bitterness. When it is used as an auxiliary agent for products such as pharmaceuticals, it can be said that it is a desirable ingredient to remove.

Since most of these components can be removed by carrying out the above purification treatment, the resulting purified extract is more water-soluble and less tasteful and colored, and can be used in beverages and foods. The properties are easy to add.
In addition, the purified extract can be dried by a method such as freeze drying. In addition to dried products, various purified extracts and / or extracts such as concentrates, pasted products, emulsions, suspensions, dilutions, etc. It can also be used in the present invention as a processed product obtained by processing.

  Thus, in the present invention, as an active ingredient, an extract obtained from guava as a raw material, a purified extract obtained by purification, and a specific fraction of the guava extract shown in FIG. 2 (that is, in the first half of FIG. 2) Appearing component: Specific fraction 1 with an elution time of 10 to 13 minutes, Component appearing in the latter half of FIG. 2: Specific fraction 2 eluted after an elution time of 20 minutes, at least one of these mixtures), these treatments At least one of the objects is used.

  All of these active ingredients show excellent bacterial growth inhibitory action, and in particular, the ingredient appearing in the first half of FIG. 2 (specific fraction 1) shows excellent growth inhibitory action against heat-resistant spore-forming bacteria. . Therefore, the component containing the specific fraction 1 also exhibits a heat-resistant spore-forming bacterial growth inhibitory action.

  The bacterial growth inhibitor in the present invention is an extract containing guava as a raw material, more preferably a purified extract subjected to a purification treatment, and includes vegetables, fruits, beans, cereals, teas, spices, seafood It can also be suitably used as a preservative and / or quality improver used directly or indirectly for processed foods such as foods, livestock meats, soft drinks, powdered foods, and cup beverages.

  Although the compounding quantity with respect to processed food-drinks, cosmetics, etc. of the bacterial growth inhibitor in this invention changes with uses, such as a soft drink, it is 100 ppm (0.01%) to 10% with respect to the whole quantity of processed food. is there. If the amount of the bacterial growth inhibitor is less than 100 ppm, the growth inhibitory effect on the target bacteria cannot be exhibited, and if it exceeds 10%, the growth inhibitory effect on the target bacteria is changed. It is uneconomical and may exhibit unnecessary coloration and cause quality degradation.

  As will be apparent from the following description, the active ingredient according to the present invention not only exhibits excellent growth inhibitory action against various bacteria including excellent bacteria and / or heat-resistant spore-forming bacteria, In addition to being derived from foods, it is highly safe so that it can be taken for a long time as a guava leaf (in fact, 100 mg of a compound per day was orally administered to rats, but acute toxicity is not observed even after 15 days. As a bacterial growth inhibitor (not recognized), it can be widely used in various applications.

  The active ingredient compound according to the present invention is directly or indirectly added to foods and drinks and used as a shelf life improver and / or a preservative for foods and drinks. In addition to being used as an anti-corrosion agent during storage and transportation (for example, a substitute for post-harvest agricultural chemicals), it can also be used as a bacterial growth inhibitor to prevent the decay and deterioration of pharmaceuticals, cosmetics or industrial chemicals.

  The bacterial growth inhibitor according to the present invention can also be used as a medicine, and the active ingredient compound is used as it is or in a pharmaceutically acceptable non-toxic and inert carrier, for example, 0.1 to 99. It is administered as a pharmaceutical composition containing 5%, preferably 0.5-90%.

  As the carrier, one or more of solid, semi-solid or liquid diluents, fillers and other formulation aids are used. The pharmaceutical composition of the present invention can be administered orally, in tissues, topically, or enterally, and can also be used as an external preparation such as transdermal. According to a conventional method, the pharmaceutical composition is adapted to these dosage forms. What is necessary is just to formulate. The dose is appropriately determined according to the patient's age, weight, administration route, disease type, and the like. Usually, the amount of the active ingredient of the present invention for adults is generally in the range of 10 to 2000 mg per day, but this range is only a guide and may be increased or decreased as necessary.

  In addition, the numerical value obtained by the tannin measurement method (iron tartrate colorimetric method) widely used in the analysis of teas can be used as a measure of the amount of purified extract added from the study in the present invention. By adding an extract of 5 mg / 100 ml or more by the measurement method, it is possible to exert an effect of inhibiting the growth of bacteria.

  Examples of the present invention will be described below, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

<Example 1: Identification of a new antibacterial activity peak>
In order to clarify the antibacterial active ingredient of guava leaf extract, 8 liters of extract obtained by immersing 300 grams of guava leaf in 9 liters of hot water at 85 ° C. for 8 minutes is applied to amberlite resin (XAD16: manufactured by Organo Corporation). Then, after the components in the guava leaf extract were adsorbed, fractionation was performed with an aqueous solution in which the ethanol concentration was changed stepwise by 10% from 0 to 100%, and each fraction was pulverized.

  A medium with 1% of the obtained powder added to a standard agar medium (SMA) was inoculated with heat-resistant spore-forming bacteria (Bacillus coagulans) and Escherichia coli (Escherichia coli (IFO3366)), and the category with high antibacterial activity was investigated. As a result, the strongest antibacterial activity was confirmed in the category collected with 30% ethanol (Table 1).

  In the table, the strength of antibacterial activity is represented by the number +, and-indicates no activity. About the 30% ethanol extraction fraction in which antibacterial activity was confirmed from the result of the said table | surface, the content component was analyzed on condition of the following. The obtained results are shown in Table 2 below. However, in the table, the numerical value indicates the UV-max height value obtained by the PDA detector.

(Conditions for analysis of contained components)
Equipment used High performance liquid chromatography (Shimadzu LC-10AD: hereinafter referred to as HPLC) and photodiode array detector (Shimadzu SPD-M10Avp: hereinafter referred to as PDA detector)

PDA detector condition λ = 190-450nm
Specification column LUNA 5 μC18 2.0 × 250 mm (No. OOG-4252-BO manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation)
Column temperature 40 ° C
Solvent A: Methanol B: 1% acetic acid 0 min-20 min (B. conc 90% → 70%) Gradient condition 20 min-30 min (B. conc 70% → 0%) Gradient condition Solvent flow rate 0.2 ml / min

  From the results of Tables 1 and 2, when the strength of the antibacterial activity of each ethanol recovery liquid was compared with the components contained in each category, R.P. A correlation was observed between the peak value observed at time (retention time) = 11.38 min and the antibacterial activity. In order to separate this peak, the guava extract extracted at 85 ° C. hot water for 8 minutes was further finely separated as shown in FIG. 1 under the following conditions.

(Preparation column separation conditions)
-Equipment used Preparative HPLC and PDA detector (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation: LC-8A series)
・ UV detector condition λ = 235mm
Specification column YMC-Pack ODS-A R353-151A (manufactured by YMC) Column temperature: room temperature Solvent A-methanol: B-water = 15: 85 isocratic conditions (separated from Frc A to D)
A-methanol: B-water = 10: 90 isocratic conditions (separated from Frc B-1 to B-4)

  The fractions (hereinafter referred to as Frc) A to D and Frc B-1 to B-5 that were further finely separated as shown in FIG. 1 were tested for antibacterial activity by the following method, The addition concentration (addition amount) of each fraction suppressing the used strain was confirmed (Table 3).

・ Extraction method: Hot water at 85 ° C. for 8 minutes ・ Verification substance: Frc A to D separated by preparative HPLC (see FIG. 1)
・ Basic medium Standard agar medium (SMA)
-Bacterial strain used cereus (IFO15305T) (initial number of bacteria; 5.6 × 10 ¹ cfu / dish)

  From the above test results, R.I. It was revealed that Frc B-4 containing a peak component observed at time = 11.38 min greatly contributed to the antibacterial activity of guava leaf hot water extract. Ingredients obtained with Frc B-4 in the present invention and five types of antibacterial substances already derived from guava leaves already reported (quercetin, quercetin-3-arabinoside, morin, morin-3-arabinoside, morin-3-lyxoside) As a result of comparison, it was confirmed that they were present in a different category (Frc C) from the antibacterial activity peak newly obtained in the present invention (FIG. 2).

Antibacterial activity peak newly obtained in the present invention (FIG. 2)
Under the HPLC conditions in Table 2, R.I. Maximum absorption wavelength measured from time = 11 to 11.5 min λ = 232 mm
Molecular weight W. = 288, 302 (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation: measured with LC-MS QP-8000)
Powder shape Pale yellow Solubility Soluble in water, ethanol, and methanol Melting point Not confirmed Melting point Not confirmed Specific gravity Not confirmed (It is estimated to be a polymer of ellagic acid (MW = 302) and tannin (MW = 288))

  In the present invention, the above-mentioned specific fraction 1 showing the antibacterial activity peak appearing in the first half of FIG. 2, and the specific fraction 2 showing the antibacterial activity peak appearing in the second half of FIG. At least one of these novel antibacterial substances (including morin-3-O-lyxoside, morin-3-O-arabinoside) and a mixture thereof are used as active ingredients.

<Example 2: Extraction conditions for new antibacterial activity peak and novel morin glycoside>
Next, the novel antibacterial activity peak identified in the present invention and the purification conditions for the previously reported novel morin glycoside were examined. In order to extract target components from guava leaves more efficiently, the water temperature and extraction time during extraction were examined using a kneader apparatus that is actually used for tea leaf extraction. In each section, 450 g of guava leaf used was used and 13.5 L of extracted water was used. The five types of compounds that have been examined for extraction efficiency are described below. In addition, Com A shows the component (specific fraction 1) which has the novel antibacterial activity succeeded in newly fractionating this time.

Compound A (Com A: peak found by the present invention)
Compound I (Com I: Morin-3-O-lyxside)
Compound II (Com II: Morin-3-O-arabinoid)
Compound III (Com III: guaijaverin)
Compound IV (Com IV: quercetin)

  In conducting the examination, first, the water temperature was examined between 15 ° C. and 95 ° C., with the extraction time being 60 minutes and a constant condition. The results are shown in Table 4-1. In the table, the numerical value represents “height” (PDA detector numerical value), and “%” represents the proportion of each compound in each purified fraction.

  As described above, the values shown in Table 4-1 are the PDA detector values (heights) obtained during the analysis of each compound, and the percentages shown beside the total sum of peaks (Total of the total liquid). It is a numerical value showing the proportion of each compound in the (height value). That is, it is shown that the larger the numerical value of% shown on the side, the more the extract containing the corresponding compound as a proportion can be obtained. From these results, it was shown that the five compounds examined this time are greatly affected by the extraction temperature, and that the extraction efficiency is the best at 95 ° C. At low temperatures (15 ° C.), a liquid with a high proportion of the component (Com A) obtained in the present invention is obtained, but the overall extraction rate is poor and the efficiency is low. It is desirable to use a combination of enzymes that increase the pH of the tea or to pulverize the tea leaves in advance.

  From the previous study, the extraction temperature was fixed at 95 ° C., and the extraction time was set stepwise from 8 minutes to 120 minutes (Table 4-2). In the table, the unit represents height (PDA detector numerical value), and% represents the proportion of each compound in each purified fraction.

  From this result, when extracted at 95 ° C., the extraction rate of the target five compounds was considerably increased at the time of 15 minutes, and it was clarified that extraction can be performed efficiently by taking an extraction time of 15 minutes or more. . As the extraction time becomes longer, the extraction rate gradually increases, but when heated for a long time, elution of soluble dietary fiber such as pectin becomes intense and the subsequent purification process becomes very troublesome, so the extraction time is within 60 minutes. It is desirable to do.

  Based on the above examination results, the extraction conditions for the novel antibacterial activity peak and the novel morin glycoside and quercetin specified in the present invention should be extracted at 95 ° C. for 15 minutes to 120 minutes, preferably 30 minutes to 60 minutes. The result that it was desirable was obtained. The antibacterial activity classification obtained in the present invention can be efficiently recovered by adsorbing the obtained guava leaf extract to an amberlite resin (XAD16: manufactured by Organo) and then recovering it with a 40% aqueous ethanol solution. is there. Further, if desired, by further chromatographic treatment, it can be fractionated into specific fractions 1 and 2 having a bacterial growth-inhibiting action, and in particular, specific fraction 1 has a strong heat-resistant spore-forming bacterial growth-inhibiting action. It is characteristic in that.

<Example 3: Antibacterial activity of new antibacterial activity peak>
The purified extract obtained by subjecting the guava leaves to hot water extraction at 85 ° C. for 8 minutes and collecting the resulting extract with a 40% ethanol aqueous solution after powder adsorption to a standard agar medium ( SMA) was used to confirm the antibacterial effect of the following four species of bacteria (Bacillus coagulans, Bacillus cereus (IFO15305T), Escherichia coli (IFO3366), and Staphylococcus aureus (IFO15035)) (Table 5). However, it was confirmed that there was an effect of suppressing the growth of bacteria at an addition amount of 250 ppm.

菌種名の下の数値は初期菌数の値。
＋：菌の増殖あり（抗菌活性なし） −：菌の増殖なし（抗菌活性あり）

The number below the bacterial species name is the initial bacterial count.
+: Fungus growth (no antibacterial activity)-: No fungus growth (with antibacterial activity)

<Example 4: Bacterial growth inhibitory effect 1 by addition to food and drink>
About the said guava extract refined extract by which the bacterial growth inhibitory effect was confirmed, examination was performed whether the same bacterial inhibitory effect was acquired when it added to actual food-drinks. In this study, bacteria were ingested into green tea beverages and green tea powders to confirm the growth of the bacteria. In general, the content of catechins with poor nutrients and antibacterial activity, such as green tea beverages, is considered to be difficult for normal bacteria to grow. (B. coagulans) is a strain that can grow even under such specific conditions, and if it is mixed into the contents liquid for some reason such as contamination of the production line, it may be a big problem. In this examination, it verified whether such a risk could be reduced by adding the component obtained by this invention to the model liquid which inoculated this strain.

  In addition, the antibacterial activity classification includes components detected by the iron tartrate colorimetric method from the previous studies. Considering the convenience during actual production, the tannin measurement method used in tea beverages (iron tartrate) The effective additive concentration was examined using the analytical value of the colorimetric method) as an index. As a model, green tea and blend tea tea drinks were used, and the following eight types of content liquids were packed in heat-resistant PET bottles and tested.

  In addition, as mentioned above, tannin having antibacterial activity such as catechin is contained in green tea, and these are also detected by a tannin measurement method (iron tartrate colorimetric method). The guava refined extract was added so that the total amount of tannin (iron tartrate colorimetric measurement amount) became uniform at 50 mg / 100 ml (Table 6).

(Test sample production method)
Extract 7.5 g of green tea with 260 ml of water at 60 ° C., add 0.3 g of baking soda and 0.4 g of vitamin C, and then extract guava at the rate shown in the table below so that the tannin content of the preparation is 50 mg / 100 ml. Liquid refined extract was added to prepare 10 L of the prepared liquid. In each section, after UHT sterilization, it was hot-packed in a heat-resistant PET bottle, inoculated with B. coagulans, then sterilized by rollover and cooled to 30 ° C.

  In addition, the guava extract used in this study was collected in a 40% ethanol aqueous solution after adsorption onto the resin, two kinds of liquid extracted for 8 minutes with 85 ° C hot water and liquid extracted for 2 hours with 85 ° C hot water. Sample was used. A 350 PET bottle was used as the filling container, and the culture conditions were a constant temperature of 37 ° C. and one month.

  Each sample inoculated with the canned spoilage bacteria was stored for 1 month at 37 ° C. at a constant temperature. As a result, a decrease in pH due to the growth of the inoculum was confirmed in Category 1 and Category 5. Only the tannin amount of 2.56mg / 100ml category (category 5) was degraded in the guava extract addition category, and the effect of preventing the deterioration of the green tea content liquid was recognized with the addition amount of tannin amount of 5mg / 100ml or more. It was. This result showed the same effect in the reproduction test, and it was shown that the tannin analysis value obtained by the tannin measurement method can also serve as an index of the antibacterial activity of this sample (Table 7).

<Example 4: Bacterial growth inhibitory effect 2 by addition to food and drink>
In addition, as an example of use other than tea beverage, the antibacterial effect when added to powdered tea (green tea powder) was also examined. Extracted with warm water of 95 ° C. for 2 hours, adsorbed with resin, collected with 40% ethanol aqueous solution and powdered, purified guava extract was mixed with powdered tea under the following conditions to verify the antibacterial effect against E. coli (Table 8).

-Strain used E. coli (IFO3366) (initial number of bacteria; 8.0 × 10 ⁰ cfu)
Sample sterilized tea (A) sterilized bottle (powdered tea 1.5 g; sterilized water 100 g) → E. E. coli inoculation
(B) Sterilized bottle (powdered tea 1.5 g; sterilized water 100 g; verification substance 0.05 g)
→ E. coli with the same number of bacteria as (A). E. coli inoculation and specimen storage (A) and (B) are both stored at 30 ° C. Bacterial count after 0/24/48/72 hours

  As a result, after the powdered tea was dissolved in the guava extract-free group, the growth of E. coli was observed, whereas in the guava extract-added group, the effect of suppressing the growth of E. coli was obtained. Powdered tea is sometimes used in an automatic tea dispenser or the like, and there are many cases where residual liquid remains in the apparatus due to its structure. Although depending on the frequency of use, the risk of Escherichia coli growth increases due to such residual liquid being left unattended, so by adding antibacterial ingredients to powdered tea in advance, such residual liquid is left unattended. In this case, it is possible to suppress the growth of E. coli. From the results of this study, it was shown that by adding about 3% guava extract to powdered tea, it is possible to suppress the growth of E. coli over time that occurs when powdered tea is returned with water.

It is a high-speed liquid chromatograph of guava leaf extract (85 degreeC warm water 8 minutes extraction). The fraction of the specific fraction which has the antibacterial activity by the high performance liquid chromatography of a guava leaf extract is shown.

Claims (11)

  A bacterial growth inhibitor characterized by comprising, as an active ingredient, an extract obtained from at least one of guava leaves, trunks, branches, roots, flowers, and real parts. The bacterial growth inhibitor of Claim 1 in which the component shown by the following analysis data contains in an extract.
Analytical data: Using an analytical ODS column (analytical ODS column from Phenomenex, LUNA 5 μC18 2.0 × 250 mm), column temperature 40 ° C., flow rate, 0.2 ml / min, methanol / 1% acetic acid-water (0 → 20). Morin, quercetin, and their glycosides detected under the same conditions in high-performance liquid chromatography using 10: 90 → 30/70, 20 → 30 minutes: 30/70 → 100/0) as an eluent Including components that are eluted before the elution (elution time: 10 to 13 minutes).   The bacterial growth inhibitor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the bacterium is a heat-resistant spore-forming bacterium, Escherichia coli or Staphylococcus aureus (a food poisoning bacterium).   Production of a bacterial growth inhibitor characterized by using guava with water, alcohol, or a mixture thereof, subjecting the resulting extract to a synthetic adsorption resin, and eluting with alcohol or alcohol water to obtain a purified extract. Method.   5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the guava is extracted without being humidified and heated.   5. The method according to claim 4, wherein a 50 to 200 ° C. hot water extract of guava is subjected to a synthetic adsorption resin and then eluted with 5 to 98%, preferably 10 to 75% alcohol water.   The method according to claim 6, wherein guava is extracted with hot water at 85 to 100 ° C. for 15 to 120 minutes, then subjected to a synthetic adsorption resin and eluted with 30 to 45% ethanol.   Use of the bacterial growth inhibitor according to any one of claims 1 to 3 as a preservative or a shelf life improving agent.   A food / beverage product, cosmetic product or pharmaceutical product comprising the bacterial growth inhibitor according to any one of claims 1 to 3.   A container-containing food or drink comprising the bacterial growth inhibitor according to any one of claims 1 to 3.   The food / beverage product according to claim 9, wherein the food / beverage product in a container is at least one selected from canned food, bottled food, retort food, bagging, beverage in a plastic bottle, or food.

Images