JP2006051465A - Dust removing device, gasification system of organic-based fuel and liquid-fuel manufacturing system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a dust removing device capable of refining an untreated gas to a clean gas, a gasification system of an organic-based fuel and a liquid-fuel manufacturing system capable of efficiently manufacturing a liquid fuel. <P>SOLUTION: The dust removing device is constituted by using at least a first inner cylinder disposed in a water circulating tank receiving cleaning water from a jet scrubber cleaning the untreated gas and having an opening part at the upper end and a gap between at least part of the lower end and the bottom part of the circulating tank, a second inner cylinder disposed in the circulating tank so as to surround the first inner cylinder with the upper end placed at a lower level than the opening part of the upper end of the first inner cylinder and with the lower part kept in close contact with the bottom part of the circulating tank, a discharging pipe for floating separated components disposed in the first upper cylinder and discharging the floating components separated in circulating water in the first inner cylinder, and a discharging pipe for circulating water formed at the bottom part of the water circulating tank and forcedly discharging the circulating water in the water circulating tank. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to various gasifiers, dust removers capable of removing dust containing tar and char in the gas from the produced gas discharged from the combustion apparatus at low cost and high efficiency, and organic systems using the dust removers. The present invention relates to a fuel gasification system and a liquid fuel production system.

  Various combustors and gasifiers have been developed using fossil fuels such as oil and coal, waste, and combustible substances such as biomass. However, it contains a fine dust-like dust component. Whether these gases are used as a fuel gas or a raw material gas for synthesizing liquid fuel, or when they are treated as exhaust gas, it is necessary to carry out a process for removing dust in the gas with high accuracy.

  As the above-described gas dust removing device, a device using a water jet water droplet jet as a removal medium has been known (Patent Document 1), and various improvements have been proposed depending on the processing target. Among them, a representative example is shown in FIG.

  The dust removing apparatus using the water jet water droplet jet sucks the gas 101 that requires dust removal processing to form a water jet water droplet jet 102 in the vertical axis direction, and communicates with the drive nozzle 103. The water jet water droplet jet 102 and the gas 101 are received by covering the water jet water droplet jet 102 released from the gas 103, and dust particles in the gas are attached to the water droplets to remove dust from the gas 101. A cylindrical scrubber unit 104 for performing the above-described operation, and an outlet for storing the water jet water droplet jet water as circulating water and sending the gas 101 from which the fine particle component and the water-soluble component are separated in the scrubber unit 104 to the next processing step A circulating water tank 105 having 105a, and a stirring means 1 for stirring the stored water in the circulating water tank 105 6, a discharge pipe 108 disposed at the lower end of the side of the circulating water tank 105, forcibly discharging the circulating water in the circulating water tank 105 by the circulation pump 107, and a strainer 109 interposed in the discharge pipe 108, It is an apparatus which comprises.

  The scrubber portion 104 is an integrally structured tubular member, and has a chamber portion 104a having a relatively large diameter, followed by a funnel-shaped suction portion 104b, a reduced diameter straight tubular throat portion 104c, and a diffuser that gradually increases in diameter. It is comprised from the part 104d and the wide expansion straight pipe | tube exit pipe | tube part 104e. The drive nozzle 103 is disposed in the center of the chamber portion 104 a, and the jet nozzle of the drive nozzle 103 is located at the center line of the scrubber portion 104. An inlet 104f for the gas 101 is formed on the side of the chamber portion 104a, and the gas 101 is set to be entrained in the water jet water droplet jet 102. The water jet water droplet jet 102 and the gas 101 merge at the suction portion 104b, and gas-liquid mixing is performed at a high flow velocity in the reduced diameter straight tubular throat portion 104c, thereby promoting adhesion and coalescence of dust particles to the water droplets. Thereafter, the water droplet jet is guided to the diffuser portion 104d, which gradually expands in diameter, and the flow velocity decreases, and the high flow velocity energy is changed to pressure energy to reduce the pressure loss of the scrubber. The water droplet flow in which the fine particle component and the water-soluble component are absorbed from the gas 101 flows into the circulating water tank 105 at a low speed from the outlet pipe portion 104e having a widened straight tube, and the gas 101 washed with water is supplied to the circulating water tank 105. The gas is discharged from the gas discharge port 105a to the next processing step via the upper space.

  Dust and tar components separated from the gas 101 by the water jet water droplet jet 102 and attached to the water droplets are temporarily submerged in the water by dropping together with the water droplets in the circulating water tank 105, but are hydrophobic and lightweight. Because there is, it rises to the surface of the water immediately. Even when the water droplet jet water continues to flow strongly, the fine particle component cannot be uniformly distributed in the circulating liquid. Therefore, even if the circulating fluid is sucked from the discharge pipe disposed below the circulating water tank 15, the floating fine particle component can hardly be recovered. Therefore, in this apparatus, a stirring means 106 that stirs the water in the circulating water tank 105 is provided. By driving the stirring means 106, the water staying in the water is prolonged by the water flowing down vigorously as described above, and the circulation pump 107 is connected to the water through the discharge pipe 108 together with the circulating water. And then separated and recovered by the strainer 109. The water from which the fine component is separated by the strainer 109 is sent from the circulation motor 107 to the drive nozzle 103 by the circulation line 110.

  The circulation line 110 is provided with a heat exchange type cooler 111 and an on-off valve 112 and a flow meter 113. Further, a bypass pipe 114 is connected to the downstream side of the cooler 111 in the circulation line 110 so as to send a part of the circulating water directly into the circulating water tank 105. An open / close valve 115 and a flow meter 116 are also attached to the bypass pipe 114.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-63644

  The dust remover can remove water-soluble substances in gas and condensable dust such as tar by contact with water jets, but traps tar condensate components and low specific gravity hydrophobic char generated by condensation. In order to float on the surface of the water, the tar condensation component and the low specific gravity hydrophobic char generated by the condensation float on the surface of the circulating water in the circulating water tank 105, so that the circulating water tank 105 is efficiently transferred to the strainer 109. It becomes difficult to take in. For this reason, the dust removing apparatus is provided with the stirring means 106, but the hydrophobic and low specific gravity fine particle component (floating separation component) cannot be efficiently guided to the discharge pipe 108. The floating separation component is unevenly distributed on the water surface and always remains to form a floating layer, which is a bottleneck in improving removal efficiency. Further, even if the high specific gravity char in the gas is subjected to water washing, it is deposited without being dissolved in the circulating water and deposited at the bottom of the circulating water tank (deposition component). When these are mixed in the circulating water and circulated, the circulation pump will be damaged in the long term and the cooler will become dirty, not only reducing the efficient operation of the dust remover, but also reducing the life of the dust remover. Will end up.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has efficient separation means for floating separation components and sediment components separated from gas by a water jet water droplet jet, thereby increasing dust removal efficiency and device life. It is an object of the present invention to provide a dust removing device that realizes the above, a gasification system for organic fuel and a liquid fuel production system using the dust removing device.

  The dust removing device of the invention of [Claim 1] that solves the above-described problem is a drive nozzle that sucks untreated gas to form a water jet water droplet jet in the vertical axis direction, and communicates with the drive nozzle, and the drive nozzle The water jet water droplet jet and the generated gas are gas-liquid mixed by receiving so as to cover the jet water droplet jet discharged from, and the water jet water droplet jet water is stored as circulating water. A circulating water tank that is disposed in the circulating water tank, faces the opening of the scrubber outlet, has an opening at the upper end thereof, and at least a part of the lower end between the bottom of the circulating water tank. A first inner cylinder having a gap between the first inner cylinder and the circulating water tank so as to surround the first inner cylinder, the upper end of which is lower than the upper end opening of the first inner cylinder. Be placed A second inner cylinder whose lower end is in close contact with the bottom of the circulating water tank and a first inner cylinder are disposed in the first inner cylinder, and the floating separation component of the circulating water in the first inner cylinder is discharged. A floating separation component discharge pipe and a circulation water discharge pipe formed at a lower portion of the circulation water tank and forcibly discharging the circulation water in the circulation water tank by a circulation pump are provided.

  The invention of [Claim 2] is that in claim 1, the liquid level in the circulating water tank is maintained between the upper end position of the first inner cylinder and the upper end position of the second inner cylinder. It is characterized by.

  [Claim 3] The invention according to [Claim 3] is that, according to Claim 1 or 2, a deposit component discharge pipe is provided on the bottom surface of the second inner cylinder, and the bottom surface of the second inner cylinder faces the deposit component discharge pipe. It is characterized by being inclined downward.

  The invention of [Claim 4] is characterized in that, in any one of Claims 1 to 3, a strainer is interposed downstream of the circulating pump of the circulating water discharge pipe.

  The invention of [Claim 5] is characterized in that, in any one of claims 1 to 4, a slurry pump is interposed in the floating separation component discharge pipe.

  [Claim 6] The invention according to claim 6 is characterized in that, in any one of claims 1 to 5, a medicine injection port is provided in an upper part of the circulating water tank.

  The invention of [Seventh aspect] is characterized in that, in any one of the first to sixth aspects, a water level gauge is provided in the circulating water tank.

  The invention of [8] is characterized in that, in any one of claims 1 to 7, the untreated gas is a gas generated by a gasification furnace of an organic fuel.

  [9] An organic fuel gasification system comprising the dust removing device according to any one of [1] to [7].

  The invention of [10] is a liquid fuel production system using an organic fuel, characterized in that the dust removing device according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is provided.

  According to the present invention, in a dust removing device that removes dust of generated gas discharged from various gasifiers and combustion devices using a water jet water droplet jet, dust containing tar and char in the gas is removed at low cost and with high efficiency. Thereby providing an efficient organic fuel gasification system and liquid fuel production system.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram showing an example of a dust removing device according to the present invention, and elements common to those in FIG.
The feature of the dust removing device using this water jet water droplet jet is the internal structure of the circulating water tank 105. In the circulating water tank 105, a first inner cylinder 1 facing the opening of the outlet of the scrubber 104 is provided. The upper end of the first inner cylinder 1 is an opening 1 a, which has a larger diameter than the opening of the scrubber 104. Further, a gap G is provided at least partially between the lower end 1b of the first inner cylinder 1 and the bottom of the circulating water tank 105, and the inside of the first inner cylinder 1 is interposed via the gap G. The circulating water flows out of the inner cylinder.

  Further, a second inner cylinder 2 is provided in the circulating water tank 105 so as to surround the first inner cylinder 1. The upper end 2 a of the second inner cylinder 2 is placed lower than the upper end opening 1 a of the first inner cylinder 1. The lower end 2 b of the second inner cylinder 2 is fixed in close contact with the bottom of the circulating water tank 105.

  Further, a floating separation component discharge pipe 4 for discharging a floating separation component 3 composed of a tar condensation component and a low specific gravity hydrophobic char in the circulating water in the first inner cylinder 1 is disposed in the first inner cylinder 1. Is provided. The opening 4a of the floating separation component discharge pipe 4 opens upward, and the inward portion 4a is set so as to be located in the layer of the floating separation component 3 formed in the first inner cylinder 1. Yes. The upper layer discharge pipe 4 is provided with a slurry pump 5 such as a snake pump so that the floating separation component 3 can be forcibly discharged.

  A circulating water discharge pipe 108 for forcibly discharging the circulating water in the circulating water tank 105 by a circulating pump 107 is attached to the lower part of the circulating water tank 105 as in the prior art.

  The flow rate is adjusted so that the liquid level in the circulating water tank 105 is maintained between the position of the upper end 1a of the first inner cylinder 1 and the position of the upper end 2a of the second inner cylinder 2. It is like that. For this purpose, the circulating water tank 105 is provided with a water level meter (not shown).

  At the corner of the bottom surface of the second inner cylinder 2 (the bottom surface of the circulating water tank 105), a sediment component discharge pipe 6 is provided. The deposited component discharge pipe 6 is provided with an on-off valve 6a. A bottom surface 2c (also a bottom surface of the circulating water tank 105) 2c of the second inner cylinder 2 is inclined downward toward the sediment component discharge pipe 6. Therefore, when the deposit component 7 derived from char settles at the bottom of the second inner cylinder 2, the deposit component 7 naturally flows into the resistant material discharge pipe 6. As a result, when the on-off valve 6a is opened, the accumulated component 7 in the circulating water is discharged out of the tank 105 preferentially.

  In the dust removing apparatus having the above-described configuration, the floating separation component composed of the tar condensing component and the low specific gravity hydrophobic char in the untreated gas is naturally suspended by the upper discharge pipe 4 due to its low specific gravity. It is efficiently discharged out of the circulating water tank 105. Further, the sediment component derived from the high specific gravity char in the untreated gas is efficiently discharged out of the circulating water tank 105 by the sediment component discharge pipe 6 by utilizing the state of being naturally separated and settled due to its high specific gravity. The Therefore, in this dust removing apparatus, the mixing ratio of the floating component and the sediment component of the circulating water circulated in the circulating water discharge pipe 108 is greatly reduced. Therefore, it is possible to significantly extend the life of the apparatus without damaging parts such as the circulation pump and the strainer.

  Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 2, the dust remover may be provided with an auto strainer 109 downstream of the circulation pump 107 of the circulating water discharge pipe 108. The autostrainer 109 further promotes purification of the circulating water under normal conditions. Further, in an abnormal state such as when the circulating water overflows from the first inner cylinder 1, the particulate line flowing into the discharge pipe 108 can be filtered to prevent the circulation line from being blocked.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, the dust removal apparatus may be provided with a chemical injection port 8 in the upper part of the circulating water tank 105. Various chemicals can be introduced from the chemical injection port 8 for further purification of the circulating water and control of contaminants. For example, by injecting a flocculant, the rising speed of low specific gravity and hydrophobic components such as tar components and low specific gravity hydrophobic char can be increased, or an acidifying agent can be injected to prevent cyan dissolution. Can do.

(Second Embodiment)
FIG. 4 shows an embodiment in which the above-described dust removing apparatus of the present invention is used in a liquid fuel production system using biomass, which is a typical example of an organic fuel.

  Biomass generally refers to organisms that can be used as energy sources or industrial raw materials (for example, agricultural products or by-products, wood, plants, etc.), and are produced by the action of solar energy, air, water, soil, etc. So it can be played indefinitely.

By using the biomass, it is possible to produce a clean energy source such as fuel gas and methanol. Moreover, since biomass as waste can be treated, it is useful for environmental purification, and newly produced biomass is also grown by fixing CO ₂ by photosynthesis, so that CO ₂ in the atmosphere is not increased, so CO ₂ This is a preferable technique because it leads to suppression of the above.

  Biomass comprising biomass supply means 32 for supplying biomass 30 into the furnace body 31 and oxidant supply means 34 for supplying combustion oxidant 33 made of oxygen or a mixture of oxygen and water vapor into the furnace body 31. Gasification furnace 35, separation means 37 such as a cyclone for removing dust in the product gas 36 gasified by the biomass gasification furnace 35, and removal of dust having a relatively large particle diameter of 3 μm or more by the separation means 37 The dust removal apparatus A of the present invention for removing dust with higher accuracy, the gas purification device 38 for purifying the dust removed with higher precision, and synthesizing methanol (liquid fuel) using the purified gas. In addition, a liquid fuel production system 43 is constituted by a methanol synthesizer 42 provided with a distillation device 41 for separating the exhaust gas 39 and the methanol 40.

  As the biomass 30 to be supplied, it is preferable to supply pulverized and dried biomass produced or discarded. Biomass referred to in the present invention refers to biological resources (for example, agricultural products or by-products, wood, plants, etc.) that can be used as an energy source or industrial raw material. For example, sweet sorghum, napiergrass, spirulina, etc. are used. It has been.

  The gas produced using biomass as a raw material contains particulate components such as char, tar components, hydrogen sulfide, chlorine, etc., so as it is, it synthesizes liquid fuels using synthetic catalysts and energy sources for fuel cells. It is not suitable for gas. For this reason, in the present invention, by using the dust removing device A using the water jet water droplet jet shown in the first embodiment, trace components such as fine particles, tar components, hydrogen sulfide, and chlorine are efficiently removed. is doing. The mechanism of the removal is as described in the first embodiment. As a raw material gas for obtaining an energy source for a liquid fuel or a fuel cell, in actual operation, it is necessary to reduce the allowable content of the trace component to a detection limit amount. If the dust removal apparatus A is used and a high-precision adsorption purification apparatus is used in combination as necessary, it is possible to sufficiently reduce the trace components that have been difficult in the past. In addition, the system in the case of obtaining mainly clean production | generation gas from biomass can be implement | achieved by the component to the gas purification apparatus 38 of FIG.

  As described above, the dust removing apparatus according to the present invention is configured to suck the untreated gas and form a water jet water droplet jet in the vertical axis direction, communicated with the drive nozzle, and discharged from the drive nozzle. A scrubber unit that performs gas-liquid mixing of the water jet water droplet jet and the generated gas by receiving the jet water droplet jet so as to cover it, and removes dust from the generated gas, and a circulating water tank that stores the water jet water droplet jet water as circulating water And disposed in the circulating water tank, facing the opening of the scrubber outlet, having an opening at its upper end, and at least a part of the lower end having a gap with the bottom of the circulating water tank. A first inner cylinder that is disposed in the circulating water tank so as to surround the first inner cylinder, and an upper end of the first inner cylinder is placed lower than an upper end opening of the first inner cylinder and Is disposed in the first inner cylinder, and the floating separation for discharging the floating separation component of the circulating water in the first inner cylinder. A component discharge pipe and a circulating water discharge pipe formed under the circulating water tank and forcibly discharging the circulating water in the circulating water tank by a circulation pump are provided.

  The organic fuel gasification system and the liquid fuel production system using the organic fuel according to the present invention are characterized by using the dust removing device.

  In the present invention, the water jet water droplet jet and the gas are efficiently gas-liquid mixed to dissolve and remove the water-soluble component in the gas in the aqueous phase, and the hydrophobic component with a low specific gravity such as a tar component and a low specific gravity hydrophobic char. The water-cooled component is condensed with water and floated and separated into the aqueous phase as a fine-grain component, and a precipitation component (deposition component) derived from high specific gravity char is deposited. The floating separation component floats in the first inner cylinder in the circulating water tank, and is discharged as a floating separation component to the outside of the tank through the discharge pipe. The first inner cylinder and the second inner cylinder provided to surround the first inner cylinder Precipitated sediment derived from high specific gravity char is deposited on the bottom of the cylinder, and is discharged out of the tank through a discharge pipe provided at the bottom. Therefore, according to the dust removing device of the present invention, it is possible to remove dust with high accuracy without imposing a burden on the device, and the gas discharged from the gasifier or the combustion device can be purified into a clean gas. Particularly when applied to gasification systems for organic fuels such as biomass and liquid fuel production systems using organic fuels, the yield of useful fuel gas and liquid fuel is high because the purity of the gas is high. It becomes possible to manufacture at a rate.

It is a principal part block diagram of the dust removal apparatus using the water jet water droplet jet which concerns on this invention. It is a principal part block diagram at the time of further attaching an auto strainer to the dust removal apparatus of FIG. It is a principal part block diagram at the time of further attaching a chemical | medical agent injection port to the dust removal apparatus of FIG. It is a whole block diagram of the "liquid fuel manufacturing system using organic type fuel (biomass)" concerning the present invention using the dust removal device of Drawing 1. It is a block diagram which shows an example of the dust removal apparatus using the conventional water jet water droplet jet.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 1st inner cylinder 1a Upper end opening 1b of 1st inner cylinder Lower end 2 of 1st inner cylinder 2nd inner cylinder 2a Upper end 2b of 2nd inner cylinder 2nd lower end 2c of 2nd inner cylinder 2nd Bottom of inner cylinder (bottom of circulating water tank)
3 Floating separation component 4 Floating separation component discharge pipe 4a Opening part 5 of floating separation component discharge pipe Slurry pump 6 Deposited component discharge pipe 6a Opening and closing valve 7 of deposited component discharge pipe Deposited component 8 Drug inlet 11 Water jet water droplet jet was used Dedusting device 30 Biomass 35 Biomass gasification furnace 101 Untreated gas 102 Water jet water droplet jet 103 Drive nozzle 104 Scrubber section 104a Opening opening 105 of the scrubber section Circulating water tank 105a Discharge port 105b Liquid level 107 in the circulating water tank Circulation pump 108 Discharge pipe 109 Strainer G Gap between the lower end of the first inner cylinder and the bottom of the circulating water tank

Claims (10)

A drive nozzle for sucking untreated gas and forming a water jet water droplet jet in the vertical axis direction;
A scrubber unit that communicates with the drive nozzle and gas-liquid mixes the water jet water droplet jet and the generated gas by receiving the jet water droplet jet discharged from the drive nozzle so as to remove dust from the generated gas;
A circulating water tank for storing the water jet water droplet jet water as circulating water;
It is disposed in the circulating water tank, faces the opening of the scrubber outlet, has an opening at its upper end, and at least a part of its lower end has a gap with the bottom of the circulating water tank. A first inner cylinder,
It is disposed in the circulating water tank so as to surround the first inner cylinder, and its upper end is placed lower than the upper end opening of the first inner cylinder, and its lower end is in close contact with the bottom of the circulating water tank. A second inner cylinder,
A floating separation component discharge pipe disposed in the first inner cylinder and discharging a floating separation component of circulating water in the first inner cylinder;
A dust removing device, comprising: a circulating water discharge pipe formed under the circulating water tank and forcibly discharging circulating water in the circulating water tank by a circulation pump.   2. The dust removing device according to claim 1, wherein a liquid level in the circulating water tank is maintained between an upper end position of the first inner cylinder and an upper end position of the second inner cylinder.   3. The deposit component discharge pipe is provided on the bottom surface of the second inner cylinder, and the bottom surface of the second inner cylinder is inclined downward toward the deposit component discharge pipe. The dust removing device described.   The dust remover according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a strainer is interposed downstream of the circulating pump of the circulating water discharge pipe.   The dust removing device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a slurry pump is interposed in the floating separation component discharge pipe.   The dust removing device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a drug injection port is provided in an upper part of the circulating water tank.   The dust removing device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a water level gauge is provided in the circulating water tank.   The dust removal apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the untreated gas is a gas generated by an organic fuel gasification furnace.   An organic fuel gasification system comprising the dust removing device according to any one of claims 1 to 7.   A liquid fuel production system using an organic fuel, comprising the dust removing device according to claim 1.

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