JP2006035344A - Offset setting device for tool blade edge shape of machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To eliminate troubles such that a blade edge position of a tool can not be sufficiently and highly accurately obtained at a level required for machining a workpiece, replacement work of the tool is complicated despite the intention of an operator, and there is fear that the shape of the workpiece is slightly changed at each tool replacement. <P>SOLUTION: The offset setting device for a tool blade edge shape of a machine tool is provided with a tool unit, which is mounted to a tool rest of a machine tool and can hold a diagonal hole tool at a target angle; a blade edge position measuring means, which measures the blade edge position in the Z direction of the tool after the diagonal hole tool is held to the tool unit at an actually machining angle; a blade edge position data input part, to which blade edge position data obtained by the blade edge position measuring means are inputted; an angle data input part, to which angle data of the diagonal hole tool held to the tool unit is inputted; a blade edge position calculating means, which calculates the blade edge position in the Y direction on the basis of the data inputted to both data input parts; and a blade edge position data storage means for storing and holding the blade edge position data. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for measuring the edge position of a tool unit attached to a tool post of a machine tool, and more particularly to a device for setting the edge position of a tool unit used for machining an oblique hole.

A numerically controlled machine tool including an automatic lathe causes a workpiece to be machined by moving an attached tool according to an inputted machining program.
Therefore, prior to machining the workpiece, the position of the cutting edge of the tool attached to the tool post or the like for machining the workpiece must be set appropriately in the numerical controller. This is because, in order to actually machine a workpiece, it is necessary to make the tool blade tip follow the locus as intended by the machining program created by the operator.

  When the tool is mounted, the tool tip position does not follow the trajectory specified by the machining program when the tool is just attached to the tool post, but protrudes beyond the trajectory commanded by the machining program. Alternatively, the cutting edge moves in the retracted state. For this purpose, the cutting edge position is generally measured using a tool for measuring the cutting edge position such as a touch sensor attached to a predetermined position of a machine tool in a state where the cutting tool is attached to a tool rest or the like as a work preparation for a workpiece. The measurement result is input to the numerical controller to calibrate the blade edge position. The numerical control device performs tool movement control using this input result.

Here, another example for setting the tool edge position in the numerical controller will be described.
In the explanatory diagram of the conventional method in FIG. 8, in order to obtain the cutting edge position of the tool indicated by the broken line, first, the distance A (position in the Z direction) is measured, the position of Z is determined, and then the tool is swung at a certain angle θ. The values of Y and Z were obtained as values at the time. This is because there was no method for accurately measuring the position of Y. As a result, in order to obtain the cutting edge position, it is necessary to obtain the Y and Z cutting edge positions after measuring A, which imposes a burden on the operator such as poor workability.

Such a burden can be reduced by applying the technique described in “Patent Document 1”.
In Patent Document 1, when the tool post is controlled to rotate around the B axis, an arithmetic expression is set so that the tool tip position is corrected in the X and Z directions according to the rotation angle amount controlled to rotate. The calculation result is automatically input to the offset table as an offset value, and the tool post is moved and controlled using this input value. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the operator from having to calculate the cutting edge position from the measurement result.

JP 2002-154034 A

  However, as described above, when using the value of A and calculating the positions of Y and Z, the tool edge position of the tool is sufficient at the level necessary for machining the workpiece because of the error factor included in the result of the calculation processing. Cannot be obtained with high accuracy. Also, when changing the tool, it is necessary to return the tool unit once to the angle 0 state and measure the distance A, and then rotate the unit to the operating angle. There was a problem that became complicated. Furthermore, even if the angle is returned to the use state, it is difficult to set the unit angle before the tool change with good reproducibility, and there is a concern that the shape of the workpiece slightly changes every time the tool is changed.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and it is possible to easily change a tool in a machine that uses a tool while being tilted with respect to a workpiece. It is intended to provide a configuration.

  The present invention provides a tool unit that is attached to a tool post of a machine tool and can hold an oblique hole tool at a target angle, and holds the oblique hole tool on the tool unit at an angle for actual machining. Cutting edge position measuring means for measuring the cutting edge position in the Z direction, cutting edge position data input unit to which cutting edge position data obtained by the cutting edge position measuring means is input, and angle data of the oblique hole tool held by the tool unit An angle data input unit that is input, a blade edge position calculation unit that calculates a blade edge position in the Y direction based on data input to both data input units, and a blade edge position data storage unit that stores and holds the blade edge position data. It is characterized by comprising.

At least in the Z direction, the cutting edge position of the tool can be obtained with sufficiently high accuracy at a level necessary for machining the workpiece.
Also, when changing the tool, the tool unit must be returned to the angle 0 state once and the distance a must be measured, and then the unit must be rotated to the operating angle. This makes it possible to correct the cutting edge position when changing diagonal tools. In addition, since there is no need to return to the angle of use, it is possible to set the unit angle before tool change with good reproducibility, and there is no concern that the shape of the workpiece will change slightly with each tool change. .

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a front view of a machine operation panel 1 of a numerical controller 2 to which the present invention is applied. This machine operation panel is equipped with a CPU, which will be described later, and other devices such as a ROM, a RAM, and an HDD that are necessary for executing numerical control processing.

  The machine operation panel 1 is provided with an image display device 3 on which images of various information are displayed by liquid crystal, an operation panel 4, an operation panel 5, and an operation panel 6 for performing various inputs. Various inputs are performed using these, the input result is displayed on the image display device 3, and numerical control information necessary for cutting the workpiece is created.

FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of the numerical controller 2 described above.
The numerical controller 2 includes a CPU 7, ROM 8, RAM 9, NC machining program memory 10, tool correction memory 11, parameter memory 12, tool unit attribute memory 13, bus 14, X-axis control system 15, Y-axis control system 16, Z An axis control system 17 is provided. These XYZ axis control systems are assigned to each “channel” to be described later.

The CPU 7 manages input / output to / from various memories up to the above-described ROM 8 and the Z-axis control system 17, a display device, an operation panel, and each control unit.
The ROM 8 is provided so that various programs and data other than the NC command processing program and the data can be read and stored.

The RAM 9 is provided so that machining data such as NC programs, NC command processing programs, and the like can be read and written when the numerical control device 2 operates.
The NC machining program memory 10 is provided so that NC program machining data used for actual machining is input when machining using an NC program is executed by a machine tool.

The tool correction memory 11 stores tool correction value information indicating an offset amount from the reference position of the cutting edge of each tool, such as a shape offset (actual tool shape), wear offset, and heat correction offset.
The parameter memory 12 stores various parameters necessary for processing. The various parameters are values such as center point coordinates that are used as a reference when rotating the oblique hole tool 18.
The tool unit attribute memory 13 stores attributes (shape offset value, center point coordinates, etc.) of each tool unit. (This data exists on the machine as a file, and the file is read from a storage such as an HDD when the machine is started up.)

  Before operating such a numerical control device 2, it is generally necessary to prepare an NC program to prepare for the operation, but tools necessary for machining to be performed are registered in the numerical control device 2. It is also necessary to do.

  In order to perform this registration work, the image shown in FIG. 3 is displayed on the image display device 3. The figure shows a screen formed for a numerical controller 2 capable of so-called three-channel control. T1 to T10 designate tools that can be used in channel 1 control. In this example, 10 tools can be used in channel 1. T31 to T40 are tools that can be used in the channel 3 control, and 10 tools can be used. T21 to T28 are tools that can be used in the channel 2 control, and eight tools can be used. These channels 1, 2, and 3 are, for example, in a spindle moving type automatic lathe, and channel 1 controls a spindle that is movable in the Z-axis direction and an XY-axis-controlled tool rest provided on the operator side. Controls the back spindle stock controlled by the XYZ axes, and the channel 3 can be configured to control the tool post controlled by the XYZ axes arranged on the opposite side of the operator across the spindle. A tool unit or a tool designated by a machine number is assigned to a T number set for each channel.

  After this registration work is completed, various offsets are set for the newly registered tool. FIG. 4 shows a screen prepared for setting the shape offset among the various offsets. The object of the present invention is to simplify a tool registration method that has been inconvenient when registering a tool to be used in an inclined state at this stage.

The registration of the shape offset will be specifically described.
To set the shape offset, attach the tool to the tool presetter so that it is actually used and measure the tool edge position in the Z direction outside the machine, or actually set it on the machine and set it on the machine. Measure the tool edge position in the Z direction from the reference point for the measurement to be performed. For example, the measurement result is input to the Z correction value input location of numbers T361 and T362 shown in FIG. At the same time, the mounting angle of the tool is also entered in the column labeled ANGLE, and the numerical control device can be used as an oblique hole tool as a tool having a T number assigned with this tool.

 In the conventional technique, the shape offset in the Z-axis direction is measured when the angle is 0 degrees and is input as a correction value. For this reason, when using a slanted hole tool with a specific angle, there is a concern that the value in the Z direction in the slanted state is at a required level and is not accurate and the blade tip position cannot be corrected with high accuracy. was there. The correction method of the present invention improves this point.

The setting of a new tool unit including the arithmetic processing performed inside the numerical controller to obtain these shape offsets will be outlined with reference to FIG.
The flow of tool unit attachment and setting will be described. First, as shown in S501, the tool unit is attached to a turret tool post (not shown). Next, as shown in S502, the oblique hole tool is adjusted to a desired angle. After this state, the tool edge position is measured as shown in S503. Thereafter, as shown in S504, a tool unit number is set. The tool unit number is set by setting the tool number of the turret and the tool unit number on the screen shown in FIG. 3, and the attribute of the tool unit is set in the tool correction memory and the parameter memory. Thereafter, the shape offset setting process shown in S505 is performed. In this process, a tool edge offset value is set.

Next, the processing contents in the setting of the tool unit set in S504 will be described in detail with reference to FIG.
First, in S601, the tool unit number is input from the screen shown in FIG. 3 using the input means, and the result is displayed at the input result display location. In step S602, the tool unit attribute (shape offset and center point coordinate data is stored and held in the tool unit attribute memory) is read. In S603, an operation is performed in which only the shape offset of the data acquired in S602 is set in the tool correction memory. Thereafter, in step S604, center point coordinates (position coordinates unique to each tool unit serving as a reference when the oblique hole tool is rotated to a predetermined use angle) are set in the parameter memory. Thereafter, in S605, the machine number as the input result input in S601 is displayed as a tool unit number as shown in FIG. 3 for the portion of the target T number to be set.

Next, details regarding setting of the shape offset executed as the processing of S505 will be described.
First, in S701, the Z coordinate of the angle θ obtained by measurement is input to a predetermined input location on the screen shown in FIG. The θ data and the Z coordinate data itself are stored in a memory that stores and holds a display signal for the image. The θ data is also stored in the parameter memory. In step S <b> 702, a process of converting the Y coordinate of the angle θ from the input Z coordinate of the angle θ is executed based on the following equation. The calculation result obtained based on the following equation stores the Y coordinate of the angle θ in the tool correction memory in S703. Thereafter, in S704, the input value is displayed in the Z column of the shape offset as shown in FIG.

L = (C−B) / cos θ
However, B is a value input from the input means (Z coordinate of angle θ).
C is the center point coordinate acquired from the parameter memory.
θ is the angle obtained from the parameter memory.
L is the length from the center point to the cutting edge.

If D is the Y coordinate of the angle θ, D = Lsin θ = (C−B) tan θ
The relationship between these values is illustrated in FIG. Further, the Y coordinate position of the oblique tool 18 when the angle θ is swung in this way can be calculated.

  Although the value is different between the value on the screen shown in FIG. 4 and the value stored in the tool correction memory, the Z-direction shape position in the state where the angle θ is swung is input. It is possible to eliminate the calculation error when the angle θ is swung by inputting the value at the angle 0. Conventionally, when changing tools, it is necessary to return the tool unit once to the angle 0 state, measure the position in the Z direction, and rotate the unit to the operating state. Since such work is not necessary, workability can be greatly improved.

  The present invention relates to a method for measuring the position of the cutting edge of a tool unit attached to a tool post of a machine tool, and particularly relates to an improvement in a setting device for the position of a cutting edge of a tool unit used for machining an oblique hole. It is intended to improve the workability, machining accuracy, etc. by measuring the cutting edge position of the target oblique hole tool while it is in the slanting state, which is suitable for, for example, a numerically controlled automatic lathe with a turret tool post. It is.

It is a figure which shows one embodiment of this invention, and is a figure which shows the front of the machine control panel which comprises some numerical control apparatuses. It is a figure which shows one embodiment of this invention, and is a block diagram for showing the whole content of a numerical controller It is a figure which shows one embodiment of this invention, and is the example of a screen which is allowing the input of the tool unit machine number displayed on the monitor with which a machine operation panel is provided. It is a figure which shows one embodiment of this invention, and shows the specific example of a shape offset setting screen. It is a figure which shows one embodiment of this invention, and is a flowchart which shows the flow of a process of the attachment setting of a tool unit. It is a figure which shows one embodiment of this invention, and is a flowchart which shows the detailed flow of the setting process of a tool unit. It is a figure which shows one embodiment of this invention, and is a flowchart which shows the detailed flow of a setting process of a shape offset. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a figure which shows one embodiment of this invention, and demonstrates the offset setting method of an oblique hole tool concretely.

Explanation of symbols

Machine operation panel ・ ・ ・ 1
Numerical control unit 2
Image display device 3
Operation panel 4
Operation panel 5
Operation panel 6
CPU ... 7
ROM ...... 8
RAM ... 9
NC machining program memory ... 10
Tool compensation memory ... 11
Parameter memory ... 12
Tool unit attribute memory ... 13
Bus ... 14
X-axis control system 15
Y-axis control system ... 16
Z-axis control system ... 17
Tool ... 18

Claims (2)

A tool unit attached to the tool post of the machine tool and capable of holding the oblique hole tool at a desired angle;
Cutting edge position measuring means for measuring the cutting edge position in the Z direction of the tool after holding the oblique hole tool at the tool unit at an angle at which actual machining is performed,
A cutting edge position data input unit for inputting cutting edge position data obtained by the cutting edge position measuring means;
An angle data input unit to which angle data of the oblique hole tool held in the tool unit is input, and a blade edge position calculating means for calculating a blade edge position in the Y direction based on the data input to both the data input units;
A tool edge shape offset setting device for a machine tool, comprising blade edge position data storage means for storing and holding the edge position data. A tool unit that is attached to the tool post of the machine tool and can hold the oblique hole tool at a desired angle is provided.
Measuring the cutting edge position in the Z direction of the tool after holding the oblique hole tool to the tool unit at an angle at which actual machining is performed,
Input the cutting edge position data obtained by the measurement into the cutting edge position data input unit,
On the other hand, the angle data of the oblique hole tool held in the tool unit is input to the angle data input unit,
Then, based on the data input to the two data input units, the Y-direction edge position of the oblique hole tool is calculated,
A tool cutting edge shape offset setting method for a machine tool, wherein the calculated cutting edge position data is stored and held in a cutting edge position data storage means.

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