JP2006029750A - Hybrid solar collector, and solar heating system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hybrid solar collector capable of securing high heat collecting efficiency without enlarging the solar collector, and a solar heating system using the hybrid solar collector. <P>SOLUTION: The hybrid solar collector 1 is provided with piping 6 with a fin 8 carrying a liquid medium, a light guiding part 9A for guiding sunlight, and a case body 9 arranged with the piping 9 with the fin 8. Solar energy by the sunlight is obtained as thermal energy by using the temperature rise of air heated by the sunlight, and the liquid medium in the piping 6 with the fin 8 heated by the reception of the sunlight. Partition parts 15a and 15b are provided in an air flow space 13, and composed such that a flow path 12 of air from introduction into the case body 9 to exhaust is extended by the partition parts 15a and 15b. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention has a finned pipe through which a liquid medium flows and a light guide part for guiding sunlight to the upper surface, and the sunlight is irradiated through the light guide part, and the finned pipe And a case main body portion provided therein.

  In a heater and a water heater, a method of acquiring thermal energy by changing air to warm air using energy obtained by burning petroleum fuel or warming water to warm water is generally used. However, from the standpoint of preventing global warming and the like, there is an increasing demand for other energy resources that can replace petroleum fuel and the like.

  Solar heat collectors have been devised as a method for obtaining thermal energy using methods other than the combustion of petroleum fuel, etc. Today, a gaseous medium and a liquid medium are used to improve the heat collection efficiency. In addition, a vibrit collector that collects heat using sunlight is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

The hybrid collector includes a finned pipe for flowing a liquid medium and an air flow space for flowing air around the hybrid medium, and collects solar energy in the finned pipe to collect the temperature of the liquid medium in the pipe. It is a device that collects solar energy by obtaining hot water by raising the temperature and acquiring air whose temperature has been raised by heat radiation of the fins. Using this heat collector, a measurement experiment of the heat energy collection efficiency with a liquid medium and a gaseous medium was conducted using a water volume of 6 liters / hour and an air volume of 0.4 m ³ / min. %, It was possible to obtain experimental data indicating that it is possible to obtain a high heat collection efficiency of%.
JP 2001-221515 A

However, when the above-described hybrid heat collector is used as room heating, the air flow rate of 0.4 m ³ / min, which has acquired a high heat collection efficiency of 82.5% in the above-described experiment, is about indoor in a ceiling height of 2.5 m. Only warm air of about 3 tatami mats (9.6 m ³ ) can be supplied, and sufficient heating capacity cannot be obtained. In order to heat a large room such as a living room using a hybrid heat collector while maintaining the same heat collection efficiency as in the experiment described above, there is a problem that a large heat collector needs to be used.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and a hybrid heat collector capable of ensuring high heat collection efficiency without increasing the size of the heat collector and a solar heating system using the hybrid heat collector The issue is to provide.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a hybrid heat collector according to the present invention has a finned pipe through which a liquid medium flows and a light guide part for guiding sunlight, and the light guide part passes through the light guide part. The solar cell is irradiated with sunlight and includes a case main body portion on which the finned pipe is disposed, and is warmed by the sunlight in an air flow space formed between the light guide portion and the finned pipe. A hybrid collector that obtains solar energy from sunlight as thermal energy by using a temperature rise of air and the liquid fluid in the finned pipe that is heated by receiving sunlight. A partition portion is provided in the air flow space, and the flow path of the air from the introduction to the case main body portion to the discharge from the case main body portion is extended.

  Moreover, the solar heating system which concerns on this invention was provided with the said hybrid heat collector.

  According to the hybrid heat collector according to the present invention, the partition portion is installed in the air flow space of the hybrid heat collector to extend the air flow path, thereby improving the heat collection efficiency as compared with the case where the partition portion is not installed. be able to. In particular, it is possible to obtain higher heat collection efficiency by installing the partition portion so that the air fed by the partition portion and the hot water flowing through the finned pipe flow (cocurrently flow) in the same direction.

  Hereinafter, the hybrid heat collector according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a solar heating system 2 including a hybrid heat collector 1 according to the present invention. The solar heating system 2 includes a hybrid heat collector 1, a circulating water tank 3, a water pump 4, and a fan 5.

  The hybrid heat collector 1 is provided with a pipe 6 with fins 8 through which water flows. Water is introduced from one end (lower left end in FIG. 1) 7a and the other end (upper left upper end in FIG. 1). Part) 7b. The water discharged from the other end portion 7b is warmed by the vibrit collector 1 and becomes a constant temperature state. The constant temperature water discharged from the other end 7b of the hybrid heat collector 1 is introduced into the circulating water tank 3 to absorb heat energy. The water whose temperature has been lowered by the absorption of thermal energy is sent out to the one end 7a of the hybrid heat collector 1 by the water pump 4 and circulated. The positions of the one end portion 7a and the other end portion 7b of the hybrid heat collector 1 are not limited to the left lower end portion and the left upper end portion as shown in FIG. Not limited to this, the pipe 6 with fins 8 may be arranged with respect to the case body 9 as long as the pipe 6 with fins 8 is guided to the circulating water tank 3.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the hybrid heat collector includes a pipe 6 to which the fins 8 are attached and a case main body 9 in which the pipe 6 is accommodated. The case body 9 has a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and a light guide 9A for guiding sunlight S is formed on the ceiling surface. The case main body 9 is provided with a pipe 6 with fins 8 on the entire bottom surface (irradiation surface) 9b so as to face the sunlight S irradiated through the light guide portion 9A. An upper plate surface 9a is sealed in the light guide portion 9A, and has a structure in which outside air does not enter through the light guide portion 9A.

  The pipe 6 with the fins 8 has a large heat transfer area by attaching a large number of thin disc-shaped protrusions 8 around the pipe 6 in order to promote heat transfer on the air side having a small thermal conductivity coefficient. is there. As shown in FIG. 1, the pipe with fins 8 is arranged in parallel to the upper end side of the case from the lower left end portion 7 a of the case main body 9, and after extending 180 degrees at the right end portion, extends again to the left end portion. After making a U-turn at the left end, it is extended to the right end again. Thus, the pipe 6 with the fins 8 is extended to the left upper end portion 7b so as to repeat the U-turn at the left and right end portions, and is provided so as to cover the entire bottom surface 9b of the case main body portion 9.

  Two outside air introduction openings 10a and 10b and one warm air extraction opening 11 are formed on one side surface 9c of the case main body 9. The warm air outlet 11 is provided with a fan 5 that sucks air in the case main body 9, and external air introduced from the external air introduction openings 10 a and 10 b as the fan 5 is driven is supplied to the case main body 9. It is exhausted from the opening 11 for taking out warm air.

Between the light guide portion 9 </ b> A of the case body 9 and the pipe 6 with the fins 8, an air circulation space 13 that forms an air circulation path 12 is formed. In the air circulation space 13, partition portions 15 a and 15 b made of two partition plates are provided in a direction crossing the pipe 6 with fins 8. When the distance from each partition part 15a, 15b to the side wall surfaces 16a, 16b of the flow path 12 of the case body part 9 is a, and the distance between the partition part 15a and the partition part 15b is b, the partition part 15a, 15b is installed at a position where b = 2a. One end portions 15a ₁ and 15b ₁ of the partition portions 15a and 15b are fixed to the side wall surface 9c, and the outside air introduction openings 10a and 10b adjacent to the side surface 9c are fixed to the side wall surface 9c by warming. The extraction opening 11 is partitioned. On the other hand, the other end portions 15a ₂ and 15b ₂ of the partition portions 15a and 15b are not fixed to the side wall surface 9d of the case body portion 9, and the other end portions 15a ₂ and 15b _{2 of} the partition portions 15a and 15b The structure is such that air can pass between the side wall portion 9d of the case main body portion 9.

  In this way, in the solar heating system 2 including the hybrid heat collector 1 in which the partition portions 15a and 15b are formed, the water pump 4 and the fan 5 are driven, and the hybrid heat collector 1 uses water S with sunlight S. And the air is heated and solar energy is acquired as thermal energy.

  Hereinafter, the difference in heat collection efficiency will be compared using the above-described solar heating system and some other solar heating systems.

  The solar heating system shown in Example 1 has the same configuration as described above. As shown in FIG. 3, the water flowing through the pipe 6 with the fins 8 is introduced into the case body 9 from the lower left end 7a and is sent in the direction of being discharged from the upper left end 7b.

  Further, the outside air introduction openings 10a and 10b and the warm air extraction opening 11 are formed on the same side wall surface 9c, and the air introduced into the case body 9 from the outside air introduction openings 10a and 10b is separated into the partition part 15a. , 15b through the flow path 12 extended from the warm air extraction opening 11 installed at the center of the side wall surface 9c.

  Since the flow of air (arrow A shown in FIG. 3) flowing through the front surface of the warm air outlet 11 is opposite to the flow of water (arrow B shown in FIG. 3) flowing through the pipe with the fins 8, it is shown in the first embodiment. The solar heating system is characterized by using a partition type (counterflow) type hybrid heat collector 1.

  The solar heating system shown in Example 2 has the same configuration as described above, but water flowing through the pipe 6 with fins 8 is introduced into the case main body 9 from the upper left end 7b as shown in FIG. The second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that it is sent in the direction of being discharged from the lower left end 7a.

  The outside air introduction openings 10a and 10b and the warm air extraction opening 11 are formed on the same side surface 9c, and the air introduced into the case body 9 from the outside air introduction openings 10a and 10b is separated into the partition part 15a, It is the same as that of the first embodiment in that it is structured to be discharged from the warm air outlet opening 11 installed at the center of the side wall surface 9c through the flow path 12 extended by 15b.

  Since the air flow (arrow A shown in FIG. 4) flowing through the front surface of the warm air outlet 11 is in the same direction as the water flow (arrow B shown in FIG. 4) flowing through the pipe with fins 8, the solar heat shown in the second embodiment In the heating system, a hybrid heat collector 1a having a partition (parallel flow) type is used.

  The solar heating system shown in the third embodiment has the same configuration as the solar heating system shown in the first and second embodiments in that it includes a hybrid heat collector, a circulating water tank 3, a water pump 4, and a fan 5. Although it is the same, it differs in the structure from the solar heating system shown in Example 1 and Example 2 by the point by which the partition parts 15a and 15b are not installed in the hybrid heat collector.

  In the hybrid heat collector 1b shown in the third embodiment, the partitioning portions 15a and 15b are not provided, and the side facing the side wall surface 9d (the upper side wall surface in FIG. 5) provided with the outside air introduction openings 18a to 18c. A warm air extraction opening 11 is provided on the wall surface 9c (the lower side wall surface in FIG. 5), and is introduced from the outside air introduction openings 18a to 18c as the fan 5 provided in the warm air extraction opening 11 is driven. Air passes through the air circulation space 13 and is discharged from the warm air outlet 11.

  Further, the water flowing through the pipe 6 with the fins 8 is introduced into the case main body portion 9 from the lower left side end portion 7a and is sent in a direction to be discharged from the upper left end portion 7b.

  Since the flow of air (arrow A shown in FIG. 5) flowing in front of the warm air outlet 11 is opposite to the flow of water (arrow B shown in FIG. 5) flowing through the pipe 6 with fins 8, it is shown in Example 3. The solar heating system is characterized by using a partition-type (counterflow) type hybrid heat collector 1b.

  Similar to the solar heating system shown in the third embodiment, the solar heating system shown in the fourth embodiment is the solar heating system shown in the first and second embodiments in that no partition is provided in the hybrid heat collector. And the configuration is different.

  Similarly to the third embodiment, the hybrid heat collector 1c shown in the fourth embodiment is not provided with a partition portion, and is provided on the side wall surface 9d (upper side wall surface in FIG. 6) provided with the openings 18a to 18c for introducing outside air. A warm air extraction opening 11 is provided on the opposite side wall surface 9c (the lower side wall surface in FIG. 6), and the outside air introduction openings 18a to 18c are driven by driving of the fan 5 provided in the warm air extraction opening 11. The introduced air passes through the air circulation space 13 and is discharged from the warm air outlet 11.

  On the other hand, water flowing through the pipe 6 with fins 8 is introduced into the case main body 9 from the upper left end 7b and is sent in a direction to be discharged from the lower left end 7a.

  Since the flow of air (arrow A shown in FIG. 6) flowing through the front surface of the warm air outlet 11 is in the same direction as the flow of water (arrow B shown in FIG. 6) flowing through the pipe with fins 8, the solar heat shown in the fourth embodiment The heating system is characterized by using a hybrid heat collector 1c without a partition (parallel flow) type.

  Hereinafter, the heat collection efficiency of the solar heating systems shown in Examples 1 to 4 will be compared.

FIG. 7 is a graph showing the heat collection efficiency in the countercurrent solar heating system shown in the first and third embodiments. FIG. 8 is a graph showing the heat collection efficiency in the cocurrent solar heating system shown in Example 2 and Example 4. The graphs shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 show that the amount of water fed by the water pump 4 is changed at 2 to 12 liters / hour per hour while keeping the warm air taken out by the fan 6 at 0.9 m ³ / second. It is the graph which showed the total heat collection efficiency obtained with the same heat collection area on the conditions.

  When comparing the solar heating system according to each embodiment with reference to FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, the solar heating system (the first embodiment and the second embodiment) provided with the partition portions 15a and 15b is provided with the partition portions 15a and 15b. It shows higher heat collection efficiency than the solar heating system that was not present (Example 3 and Example 4). In particular, when comparing the heat collection efficiency based on the temperature rise of the air, the heat collection efficiency of the solar heating system (Examples 1 and 2) provided with the partitions 15a and 15b is the same as that of the solar heating without the partitions 15a and 15b. The value is better than the heat collection efficiency of the system (Example 3 and Example 4). When the partition portions 15a and 15b are provided in the case body 9, the air circulation path becomes longer than when the partition portions 15a and 15b are not provided, and sunlight is irradiated for a long time through the light guide portion 9A. Therefore, it is considered that the heat collection efficiency has increased due to the increased amount of heat energy. By providing the partition portions 15a and 15b, it is possible to obtain a high heat collection efficiency, and therefore it is possible to obtain a sufficient warming capacity even with only warmed air (warm air).

Further, by arranging the partition portions 15a and 15b at the position where b = 2a as described above, the air introduced from the outside air introduction openings 10a and 10b changes the flow path by a predetermined angle (for example, 180 degrees). Then, the other end portions 15a ₂ and 15b ₂ of the partition portions 15a and 15b join together, and are led to the warm air outlet 11. Since the air flow path is changed and guided to the warm air extraction opening 11, an air turbulence phenomenon occurs at the merging portion in the air circulation path 12, and the air convects at the merging portion. And since the flow time of the air which flows into the main-body part 9 becomes long, the time when the air is contacting the piping 6 with the fin 8 becomes long, the amount of heat radiated from the piping 6 with the fin 8 increases, and the heat collection efficiency is increased. Get higher. Moreover, since the partition part 15a, 15b is provided in the case main-body part 9, and it is set as the structure which extends an air flow path, it can be made small and compact.

  Furthermore, the distance a from the partition part 15a to the side wall surface 16a of the flow path 12 of the case body part 9 and the distance a from the partition part 15b to the side wall surface 16b of the case body part 9 are substantially the same distance (a = a). Since the partitions 15a and 15b are arranged so that the air flow toward the heating outlet 11 can be made uniform, the resistance (pressure loss) in the apparatus can be minimized, and high heat collection efficiency can be achieved. Can be obtained.

  In addition, when comparing the total heat collection efficiency when using water and air between a cocurrent solar heating system and a countercurrent solar heating system, the cocurrent solar heating system is more countercurrent type The heat collection efficiency is higher than that of the solar heating system. In particular, the parallel flow type solar heating system provided with the partitions 15a and 15b has already shown a heat collection efficiency of 99.8% when the amount of water is 2 liters / hour. Therefore, even when the drive amount of the water pump 4 is reduced to about 2 liters / hour and the power consumption of the entire system is suppressed, efficient energy absorption can be performed and energy saving can be achieved. It becomes easy.

  Furthermore, since the heat collection efficiency can be increased without increasing the amount of water (liter / hour), it is easy to reduce the size of the solar heating system, and a sufficient heating effect can be achieved even with a low air volume. A small solar heating system can be suitably used as heating for a small space such as a toilet or a washroom.

  As described above, by installing the partition portion in the air circulation space of the hybrid heat collector, the heat collection efficiency can be increased compared to the case where the partition portion is not installed, and the air sent by the partition portion and By flowing in the direction (parallel flow) in which water flowing through the pipes flows in parallel, it is possible to obtain higher heat collection efficiency using water and air comprehensively.

  The hybrid collector according to the present invention has been described in detail above, but the hybrid collector according to the present invention is not limited to the above-described one. For example, the partition part does not necessarily have to be two sheets, and even if one sheet is used or a plurality of more than two sheets are used, the air flow space extends by the partition part. It only has to be. Further, only one outside air introduction opening may be provided. Furthermore, the installation position of the partition part is not necessarily provided at a position where b = 2a, and the installation position of the partition part may be changed as necessary.

It is a schematic block diagram which shows the solar thermal heating system provided with the hybrid heat collector which concerns on this invention. It is sectional drawing which showed the piping with a fin and case main-body part of the hybrid heat collector which concerns on this invention. 1 is a plan view showing a hybrid heat collector of Example 1. FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a hybrid heat collector of Example 2. FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a hybrid heat collector of Example 3. FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a hybrid heat collector of Example 4. FIG. It is the graph which showed the heat collection efficiency in the countercurrent type solar heating system shown in Example 1 and Example 3. FIG. It is the graph which showed the heat collection efficiency in the parallel flow type solar heating system shown in Example 2 and Example 4. FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1, 1a, 1b, 1c Hybrid collector 2 Solar heating system 6 Piping 8 Fin 9 Case body 9b Bottom surface (irradiation part)
12 Flow path 13 Air flow space 15a, 15b Partition

Claims (2)

A finned pipe through which a liquid medium flows;
A light guide portion for guiding sunlight, and the case body portion provided with the finned pipe and the sunlight is irradiated through the light guide portion;
Temperature rise of the air heated by the sunlight in the air flow space formed between the light guide portion and the finned pipe and the liquid fluid in the finned pipe heated by receiving the sunlight A hybrid collector that acquires solar energy from sunlight as thermal energy,
The hybrid collector according to claim 1, wherein a partition portion is provided in the air flow space to extend a flow path of the air from being introduced into the case main body until being discharged from the case main body.   A solar heating system comprising the hybrid heat collector according to claim 1.

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